Factor For Local Recurrence-free Survival Research Articles

Surgical outcomes of major vascular resection for retroperitoneal liposarcoma from a high‑volume sarcoma center: a propensity score matching analysis

PurposeRadical resection of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) may necessitate vascular resection and reconstruction. The study was conducted to assess surgical outcomes of surgery for RLPS with major vascular involvement.MethodsPatients with RLPS who underwent surgical resection at the Sarcoma Center of Peking University Cancer Hospital between April 2011 and December 2022 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were classified into two groups: vascular resection and non-vascular resection groups. A propensity score matching analysis was performed to eliminate baseline differences between the groups. Surgical details and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Furthermore, prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed.ResultsOverall, 199 patients were identified and the median follow-up period was 48 (interquartile range [IQR] 45–69) months. Vascular resection was performed in 42 (21%) patients, 25 of whom had vascular infiltration. A total of 39 patients had vascular replacement and 3 patients underwent partial resection (side-wall resection). Vascular resection was burdened by higher rates of major morbidity (38% vs. 14%, p < 0.001) and 30-day mortality (7.1% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.005). After propensity-matched analysis, patients who underwent vascular resection had 5-year LRFS and OS rates comparable to those without vascular involvement. Major vascular resection was not an independent risk factor for LRFS or OS.ConclusionsAlthough accompanied by increased risks of major morbidity and mortality, the major vascular resection enabled radical resection in patients with advanced RLPS, affording comparable 5-year LRFS and OS rates compared to those who did not.

Long-term postoperative outcomes of spinal cellular schwannoma: study of 93 consecutive cases

BACKGROUND CONTEXTCellular schwannoma (CS) is a rare tumor that accounts for 2.8%–5.2% of all benign schwannomas. There is a dearth of up-to-date information on spinal CS in the literature. PURPOSEThe aims of this study were to identify the proportion of CS cases amongst spinal benign schwannoma, describe the clinical features of spinal CS, and identify prognostic factors for local recurrence by analyzing data from 93 consecutive CS cases. STUDY DESIGNRetrospective review. PATIENT SAMPLEWe analyzed 93 PSGCT screened from 1,706 patients with spine CS who were treated at our institute between 2008 and 2021. OUTCOME MEASURESDemographic, radiographic, operative and postoperative data were recorded and analyzed. METHODSWe compared the clinical features of spinal CS from the cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments. Prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival (RFS) were identified by the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors with p≤.05 in univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox regression analysis. RESULTSThe proportion of spinal CS in all benign schwannomas was 6.7%. The mean and median follow-up times for the 93 patients in this study were 92.2 and 91.0 months respectively (range 36–182 months). Local recurrence was detected in 11 cases, giving an overall recurrence rate of 11.7%, with one patient death. Statistical analysis revealed that tumor size ≥5 cm, intralesional resection, and Ki-67 ≥5% were independent negative prognostic factors for RFS in spinal CS. CONCLUSIONSWhenever possible, en bloc resection is recommended for spinal CS. Long-term follow-up should be carried out for patients with tumor size ≥5 cm and postoperative pathological Ki-67 ≥5%.

Risk factors that impact long-term outcomes in sigmoid colon cancer with urinary bladder involvement.

This study aimed to identify the risk factors impacting long-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with sigmoid colon cancer with urinary bladder involvement. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a retrospective cohort of 118 patients who underwent multivisceral resection for sigmoid colon cancer with urinary bladder involvement between June 2002 and May 2017. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify risk factors associated with long-term outcomes. Among the included patients, 10 (8.5%) experienced grade III-IV complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification, with 4 (3.4%) presenting anastomotic leaks. The postoperative mortality was 0.8%. R0 resection was achieved in 108 (91.6%) patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administrated to only 31 patient (26.3%). Local recurrence was observed in 8 (6.8%) cases. Risk factors for local recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival were CCI>3, grade III-IV postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification, positive resection margins, stage III of the disease, additional resected organs (excluding colon and bladder) and the absence of adjuvant chemotherapy. The same risk factors, with the exception of CCI, were associated with overall survival. This study highlights that negative resection margins, a postoperative period without grade III-IV complications, and the implementation of adjuvant chemotherapy are crucial factors contributing to improve overall, disease-free and local recurrence-free survival in patients with sigmoid colon cancer with urinary bladder involvement.

Clinical retrospective analysis with a predictive model for diffused-tenosynovial giant cell tumors of the temporomandibular joint

BackgroundThis study aimed to find out the characteristics in relation to tumor recurrence in diffused-tenosynovial giant cell tumor of temporomandibular joint and to develop and validate the prognostic model for personalized prediction.MethodsFrom April 2009 to January 2021, patients with diffused-tenosynovial giant cell tumor of temporomandibular joint at a single center were included in this study. The clinical features and local recurrence-free survival were assessed through the expression of the Ki-67 index and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor expression. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival. An independent predictor nomogram and pertinent tumor characteristics were included.ResultsThe retrospective study enrolling seventy eligible patients at the Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. During the follow-up time, eleven patients suffered tumor recurrence. Age was an independent risk factor for local recurrence-free survival (P = 0.032). The Ki-67 index varied significantly in different sites (P = 0.034) and tumor volume (P = 0.017). Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop the prediction model using both statistical significance and prognostic indicators. The C-index of the nomogram based on age, site, Ki-67, and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor was 0.833. These variates provided good predicted accuracy for a nomogram on local recurrence-free survival. Diffused-tenosynovial giant cell tumor from the temporomandibular joint is extremely uncommon, and certain clinical traits are linked to the tumor proliferation index.ConclusionsWe identified the risk indicators and developed a nomogram in this study to forecast the likelihood of local recurrence-free survival in patients with diffused-tenosynovial giant cell tumor from temporomandibular joint.

Lateral lymph node involvement presents another challenge in rectum cancer in the age of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy + total mesorectal excision: an evaluation of survival outcomes.

In the last decades, total mesorectal excision (TME) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) have produced an undeniable improvement in the treatment of rectal cancer. However, local recurrence is still an important problem, and the effect of lateral lymph node (LLN) involvement on local recurrence is a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of LLN status on local recurrence and survival in rectal cancers treated with nCRT + TME. Clinical features, pre- and post-nCRT lateral pelvic region imaging, long-term local recurrence, and the survival outcomes of 114 patients who underwent nCRT + TME for rectal cancer were evaluated. On MRI before nCRT, 20 (17.5%) patients had lateral lymph nodes (LLN+), and 94 (82.5%) patients had no lymph nodes in the lateral pelvic compartments (LLN-). Local recurrences at 1 year in LLN+ and LLN- patients were 3 (15.8%) and 2 (2.3%), respectively (p=0.039). Five-year local recurrence-free survival rates and the mean duration of recurrence-free survival in LLN+ and LLN- patients were 56.2%, 42.6 months, and 87.3% 66.9 months, respectively (p=0.001). Disease-free survival and overall survival were shorter in LLN+ patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.096 and p=0.46, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, LLN involvement was determined to be an independent risk factor for local recurrence-free survival (Hazard Ratio 4.54, p=0.003). Lateral lymph node involvement causes local recurrence to remain high after nCRT + TME. LLN status should be considered in treatment planning. Further studies are needed to define precise criteria for LLN involvement and the effect of LLND on local recurrence and survival.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in axial chondroblastomas: a retrospective analysis of 61 cases and comparison with extra-axial chondroblastomas

BackgroundA comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors associated with axial chondroblastoma (ACB) is still lacking. This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of axial chondroblastoma (ACB) and compare them with extra-axial chondroblastoma (EACB).MethodsA retrospective review of our institution’s local database was conducted, encompassing a total of 132 CB patients, of which 61 were diagnosed with ACB and 71 with EACB. Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate the expression levels of vimentin, S100, and cytokeratin.ResultsACB and EACB shared similar characteristics, with the exception of advanced age, tumor size, elevated Vim expression, incidence of surrounding tissue invasion, and postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction. While wide resection and absence of surrounding tissue invasion consistently showed a favorable association with survival in both ACB and EACB cohorts during univariate analysis, most parameters exhibited differential prognostic significance between the two groups. Notably, the significant prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival in the ACB cohort included the type of resection and the presence of chicken-wire calcification. In the multivariate analysis of overall survival, the type of resection emerged as a significant predictor in the ACB cohort, whereas in the EACB group, the type of resection and the occurrence of postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction were predictive of overall survival.ConclusionThere may exist distinct biological behaviors between ACB and EACB, thereby providing valuable insights into the prognostic characteristics of ACB patients and contributing to enhanced outcome prediction in this particular patient population.

Impact of preoperative chemoradiotherapy using concurrent S-1 and CPT-11 on long-term clinical outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer.

BACKGROUNDPreoperative chemoradiotherapy regimens using a second drug for locally advanced rectal cancer are still under clinical investigation.AIMTo investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy using tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) plus irinotecan (CPT-11).METHODSThis was a single-center retrospective study of 82 patients who underwent radical surgery for rectal cancer after chemoradiotherapy with S-1 (80 mg/m2/d), CPT-11 (60 mg/m2/d), and radiation (total 45 Gy) between 2009 and 2016. The median follow-up was 51 mo (range: 17–116 mo).RESULTSTwenty-nine patients (35.4%) had T3 or T4 rectal cancer with mesorectal fascia invasion, 36 (43.9%) had extramural vascular invasion, 24 (29.8%) had N2 rectal cancer and eight (9.8%) had lateral lymph node swelling. The relative dose intensity was 90.1% for S-1 and 92.9% for CPT-11. Seventy-nine patients (96.3%) underwent R0 resection. With regard to pathological response, 13 patients (15.9%) had a pathological complete response and 52 (63.4%) a good response (tumor regression grade 2/3). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival, relapse-free survival and overall survival rates were 90.1%, 72.5% and 91.3%, respectively. We analyzed the risk factors for local recurrence-free survival by Cox regression analysis and none were detected. Previously described risk factors such as T4 stage, mesorectal fascia invasion or lateral lymph node swelling were not detected as negative factors for local recurrence-free survival.CONCLUSIONWe demonstrated good compliance and favorable tumor regression in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative S-1 and CPT-11.

Prognostic impact of postoperative intra-abdominal infections after elective colorectal cancer resection on survival and local recurrence: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Several authors have reported an association between anastomotic leak and/or intra-abdominal abscess and oncological survival and recurrence. However, no reports have investigated whether combining anastomotic leak/intra-abdominal abscess and positive drainage culture influences long-term oncological outcomes. Therefore, we defined these complications as postoperative intra-abdominal infections. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of postoperative intra-abdominal infections on long-term oncological outcomes after curative stage I-III colorectal cancer surgery. We performed a retrospective analysis of 755 consecutive patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer undergoing curative surgery between 2010 and 2015 by performing a propensity score-matched analysis to reduce selection bias. Of the 755 patients, 62 were matched for postoperative intra-abdominal infections analyses. The median follow-up was 48months. Compared with the non-infections group, the postoperative intra-abdominal infections group had a significantly shorter local recurrence-free survival (P = 0.01 prior to matching, and P = 0.05 after matching). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of overall, cancer-specific free, recurrence-free, or distant recurrence-free survival. However, multivariate analyses identified postoperative intra-abdominal infections as an independent prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival (P = 0.04 prior to matching, and P = 0.03 after matching). In this matched-pair analysis comparing stage I-III colorectal cancer patients with and without postoperative intra-abdominal infections, postoperative intra-abdominal infections were associated with poor local recurrence-free survival, but not overall, cancer-specific free, recurrence-free, or distant recurrence-free survival.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy for non-metastatic bone and soft tissue sarcomas

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of hypofractionated radiotherapy in non-metastatic soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Patients and methodsThirty patients underwent hypofractionated radiotherapy between 2007 and 2015. Overall, 17 patients underwent primary hypofractionated radiotherapy, nine underwent hypofractionated radiotherapy for reirradiation, and four received a boost dose via hypofractionated radiotherapy after external beam radiotherapy. Most common disease sites were head and neck and retroperitoneum. Hypofractionated radiotherapy was administered with a definitive, adjuvant, or neoadjuvant intent. ResultsMedian age was 37 years (range: 11–82 years). Median hypofractionated radiotherapy dose was 35Gy (range: 20–50Gy) in three to five fractions. Median follow-up was 21 months (range: 1–108 months). One- and 2-year overall survival rate was 75% and 52%, respectively. One- and 2-year local recurrence-free survival rate was 59% and 48%, with local recurrence rates of 16% and 33% in 1 and 2 years, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed tumour size (P=0.04), hypofractionated radiotherapy intent (P=0.016) and reirradiation (P=0.001) as prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival. Severe late toxicity was observed in one patient as grade 3 trismus. ConclusionHypofractionated radiotherapy as the primary treatment or for reirradiation has been shown to be safe in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. It can provide relatively good local control and survival rates.

High TRIAP1 expression in penile carcinoma is associated with high risk of recurrence and poor survival.

TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1), also known as p53 cell survival factor or p53CSV, is reported to be associated with resistance of apoptosis in different human malignancies, but the potential role of TRIAP1 in penile carcinoma (PeCa) has not been well studied. This study aimed to analyze the association between TRIAP1 expression and clinical outcome in PeCa patients. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the differential TRIAP1 expression in PeCa compared with normal tissues in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Dataset (GSE57955). The expression of TRIAP1 in tumor specimens from 57 patients undergoing radical penile surgery was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Differential TRIAP1 expression in various human malignancies was also assessed by GEPIA web-tool based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Datasets. Subsequently, the relationship between TRIAP1 expression and clinical prognosis of PeCa patients was analyzed. Both IHC and GEO Dataset (GSE57955) showed that TRIAP1 was significantly overexpressed in PeCa tissues when compared with normal tissues. Based on patient data and IHC on clinical specimens, we found that strong intensity of TRIAP1 expression was significantly related with higher histological grade (P=0.049) and elevated local recurrence rate (P=0.023), suggesting TRIAP1 as a potential predictor in recurrence. Further, high TRIAP1 expression was identified to be a hazardous prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival (RFS). High TRIAP1 expression in PeCa is associated with high risk of recurrence and poor survival, suggesting TRIAP1 may become a potential prognostic factor for PeCa.

Analysis of clinical efficacy, failure pattern and prognostic factors of comprehensive treatment for malignant mucosal melanoma of head and neck

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy, failure pattern and prognostic factors of the malignant mucosal melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) in a single center. Methods The treatment pattern, clinical efficacy, failure pattern and prognostic factors of 194 M0 MMHN patients admitted to our institution from 1982 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The 5-year overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were 41.4%, 57.8%, 76.5% and 46.5%, respectively. The failure rate was calculated as 74.6%(141/189). Among them, 40%(56/141) had distant metastasis as the first pattern of treatment failure, 37%(52/141) had local relapse, 15%(21/141) had regional relapse, 5%(7/141) had concurrent distant metastasis and local/regional relapse and 3%(5/141) had concurrent local and regional relapse. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that surgical margins (P=0.001) and adjuvant radiotherapy (P=0.000) were the independent prognostic factors for LRFS. Conclusions Surgery combined with radiotherapy can yield relatively high LRFS in the comprehensive treatment of MMHN.Distant metastasis is the major failure pattern. Key words: Head neck neoplasmsm/radiotherapy; Melanoma/radiotherapy; Prognosis

High HLA-F Expression Is a Poor Prognosis Factor in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background and Aims In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), local treatment failure and distant metastasis contribute largely to poor outcomes. The nasopharynx is an important lymphoid tissue, and NPC tumourigenesis and development are partly attributed to immune system disorders. Human leukocyte antigen F (HLA-F) has shown a close correlation with NPC in many genome-wide association studies (GWASs). However, clinical studies rarely explore the relationship of HLA-F expression with the clinical parameters and outcomes in patients with NPC. Methods In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate HLA-F expression in 74 paraffin-embedded NPC tissue sections and then analysed the association between HLA-F expression and clinical parameters and outcomes. The plasma concentration of soluble HLA-F (sHLA-F) in NPC patients and normal controls was also detected, via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Low, moderate, and high HLA-F expression levels were observed in 47.3% (35/74), 35.1% (26/74), and 17.6% (13/74), respectively, of the tissue samples. HLA-F expression showed a significant correlation with local recurrence (p = 0.037) and distant metastasis (p = 0.024) and was also an independent factor for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS; p = 0.016) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; p = 0.004). Although the mean concentration of plasma sHLA-F in the NPC patients was higher than that in the normal controls (13.63 pg/ml vs. 10.06 pg/ml), no statistical significance was observed (p = 0.118). Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence that high HLA-F expression is associated with NPC local recurrence and distant metastasis and may be regarded as a poor prognostic factor for NPC patients. Additional studies using larger sample sizes may be necessary to determine whether sHLA-F is a feasible NPC diagnostic indicator.

Myxoid Liposarcoma: Prognostic Factors and Metastatic Pattern in a Series of 148 Patients Treated at a Single Institution.

Objectives The authors reported a retrospective study on myxoid liposarcomas (MLs), evaluating factors that may influence overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and analyzing the metastatic pattern. Methods 148 MLs were analyzed. The sites of metastases were investigated. Results Margins (p = 0.002), grading (p = 0,0479), and metastasis (p < 0,0001) were significant risk factors affecting overall survival (OS). Type of presentation (p = 0.0243), grading (p = 0,0055), margin (p = 0.0001), and local recurrence (0.0437) were risk factors on metastasis-free survival (MFS). Authors did not observe statistically significant risk factors for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and reported 55% extrapulmonary metastases and 45% pulmonary metastases. Conclusion Margins, grading, presentation, local recurrence, and metastasis were prognostic factors. Extrapulmonary metastases were more frequent in myxoid liposarcoma.

Subcentimeter hypervascular nodules with typical imaging findings of hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: Outcomes of early treatment and watchful waiting.

To compare treatment outcomes of subcentimeter hypervascular nodules at high risk for developing into hepatocellular carcinomas (SHNHR) between early treatment and watchful waiting until progression to overt hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) groups. SHNHRs were defined as subcentimeter hypervascular nodules with the usual imaging features of HCC on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Among 63 patients with 74 SHNHRs, 27 (37 SHNHRs) received early treatment (treatment of < 1cm nodules), and 36 (37 SHNHRs) underwent watchful waiting until progression to overt HCC. Risk factor analysis was performed for recurrence-free and local recurrence-free survival. Among the 36 patients who adopted watchful waiting, 33 eventually underwent treatment because their SHNHRs progressed to overt HCC. For recurrence-free survival, significant risk factors included number of previous treatments (HR, 1.181; p < 0.001), tumour number (HR, 1.943; p = 0.009), and α-feto protein level (HR, 1.005; p = 0.037) in the multivariate analyses. Treatment strategy was not a significant risk factor for recurrence-free survival. For local recurrence-free survival from the date of treatment, only treatment modality (transarterial chemoembolization) (HR, 6.879; p = 0.002) was a significant risk factor. Recurrence-free survival was not significantly different between early treatment and watchful waiting for SHNHRs. • Recurrence-free survival did not vary between the two treatment strategies. • Treatment modality was a significant factor for local recurrence-free survival. • Number of treatments, tumour number, and α-FP were risk factors for recurrence.

Tumor Wide Horizontal Invasion Predicts Local Recurrence for Scrotal Extramammary Paget\u2019s Disease

Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare malignancy, and little was known about its prognostic factors and optimal treatment. In the current study, we aimed to discuss clinical and pathological features of scrotal EMPD and determine the prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival and local recurrence. A total of 206 patients with scrotal EMPD lesions surgically treated at our institute were studied. All clinical and pathological data were reviewed. Immunohistochemical staining of TP53 and Ki67 was examined as well. At the last follow-up, 175 patients (84.95%) were alive. Twelve patients (5.83%) had died of the disease due to distant metastases. Fifteen patients (7.28%) developed local recurrences of scrotal EMPD. Ki67 expression was significantly elevated in patients with wide horizontal invasion (P = 0.003). In univariate analysis, high invasion level, presence of nodule, presence of lymphovascular invasion, adnexa invasion, lymph node metastasis and high p53 expression were significant factors for poor cancer-specific survival. In multivariate analysis, high p53 expression was significantly correlated with poor cancer-specific survival. Wide horizontal invasion was independently correlated with local recurrence-free survival of scrotal EMPD. In conclusion, wide horizontal invasion is an independent risk factor for local recurrence-free survival in the patients with scrotal EMPD.

Spinal column chordoma: prognostic significance of clinical variables and T (brachyury) gene SNP rs2305089 for local recurrence and overall survival.

Chordomas are rare, locally aggressive bony tumors associated with poor outcomes. Recently, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2305089 in the T (brachyury) gene was strongly associated with sporadic chordoma development, but its clinical utility is undetermined. In 333 patients with spinal chordomas, we identified prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival and assessed the prognostic significance of the rs2305089 SNP. The median LRFS was 5.2 years from the time of surgery (95% CI: 3.8-6.0); greater tumor volume (≥100cm3) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.26-3.15, P = .003) and Enneking inappropriate resections (HR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.37-4.03, P = .002) were independent predictors of LRFS. The median overall survival was 7.0 years (95% CI: 5.8-8.4), and was associated with older age at surgery (HR = 1.11 per 5-year increase, 95% CI: 1.02-1.21, P = .012) and previous surgical resection (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.03-2.89, P = .038). One hundred two of 109 patients (93.6%) with available pathologic specimens harbored the A variant at rs2305089; these patients had significantly improved survival compared with those lacking the variant (P = .001), but there was no association between SNP status and LRFS (P = .876). The ability to achieve a wide en bloc resection at the time of the primary surgery is a critical preoperative consideration, as subtotal resections likely complicate later management. This is the first time the rs2305089 SNP has been implicated in the prognosis of individuals with chordoma, suggesting that screening all patients may be instructive for risk stratification.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase CB association with preoperative radiotherapy response in rectal adenocarcinoma.

To examine the correlation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3) CB expression with preoperative radiotherapy response in patients with stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma. PIK3CB immunoexpression was retrospectively assessed in pretreatment biopsies from 208 patients with clinical stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma, who underwent radical surgery after 30-Gy/10-fraction preoperative radiotherapy. The relation between PIK3CB expression and tumor regression grade, clinicopathological characteristics, and survival time was statistically analyzed. Western blotting and in vitro clonogenic formation assay were used to detect PIK3CB expression in four colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT29, LoVo, and LS174T) treated with 6-Gy ionizing radiation. Pharmacological assays were used to evaluate the therapeutic relevance of TGX-221 (a PIK3CB-specific inhibitor) in the four colorectal cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that PIK3CB was more abundant in rectal adenocarcinoma tissues with poor response to preoperative radiotherapy. High expression of PIK3CB was closely correlated with tumor height (P < 0.05), ypT stage (P < 0.05), and high-degree tumor regression grade (P < 0.001). High expression of PIK3CB was a potential prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival (P < 0.05) and metastasis-free survival (P < 0.05). High expression of PIK3CB was also associated with poor therapeutic response and adverse outcomes in rectal adenocarcinoma patients treated with 30-Gy/10-fraction preoperative radiotherapy. In vitro, PIK3CB expression was upregulated in all four colorectal cancer cell lines concurrently treated with 6-Gy ionizing radiation, and the PIK3CB-specific inhibitor TGX-221 effectively inhibited the clonogenic formation of these four colorectal cancer cell lines. PIK3CB is critically involved in response to preoperative radiotherapy and may serve as a novel target for therapeutic intervention.

Surgery for endometrial cancers with suspected cervical involvement: is radical hysterectomy needed (a GOTIC study)?

Background:Radical hysterectomy is recommended for endometrial adenocarcinoma patients with suspected gross cervical involvement. However, the efficacy of operative procedure has not been confirmed.Methods:The patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma who had suspected gross cervical involvement and underwent hysterectomy between 1995 and 2009 at seven institutions were retrospectively analysed (Gynecologic Oncology Trial and Investigation Consortium of North Kanto: GOTIC-005). Primary endpoint was overall survival, and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and adverse effects.Results:A total of 300 patients who underwent primary surgery were identified: 74 cases with radical hysterectomy (RH), 112 patients with modified radical hysterectomy (mRH), and 114 cases with simple hysterectomy (SH). Median age was 47 years, and median duration of follow-up was 47 months. There were no significant differences of age, performance status, body mass index, stage distribution, and adjuvant therapy among three groups. Multi-regression analysis revealed that age, grade, peritoneal cytology status, and lymph node involvement were identified as prognostic factors for OS; however, type of hysterectomy was not selected as independent prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival, PFS, and OS. Additionally, patients treated with RH had longer operative time, higher rates of blood transfusion and severe urinary tract dysfunction.Conclusion:Type of hysterectomy was not identified as a prognostic factor in endometrial cancer patients with suspected gross cervical involvement. Perioperative and late adverse events were more frequent in patients treated with RH. The present study could not find any survival benefit from RH for endometrial cancer patients with suspected gross cervical involvement. Surgical treatment in these patients should be further evaluated in prospective clinical studies.

Prognostic significance of CD155 mRNA expression in soft tissue sarcomas

CD155 was initially identified as a receptor for poliovirus. Several studies have demonstrated that CD155 overexpression in cancer cells is significant in their migration, invasion, proliferation and metastasis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the correlation between CD155 expression and the clinical aggressiveness of soft tissue tumors. The CD155 expression levels in 43 surgically-resected soft tissue tumors were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The clinicopathogical factors affecting the expression levels of CD155 mRNA were investigated and the association between the expression levels of CD155 and patient prognosis was identified. The CD155 expression level was not correlated with the patient gender, site of the primary tumor, tumor depth, tumor size or presence of distant metastasis at presentation, but was correlated with patient age (Fisher’s exact test). The local recurrence-free survival rate for patients with a high CD155 expression level was observed to be significantly poorer compared with that of patients with low CD155 expression levels (P=0.0401). Moreover, a multivariate analysis indicated that a high CD155 expression level was an independent adverse prognostic factor for local recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio, 6.369; P=0.0328). The present study therefore suggests that the expression level of CD155 is a useful marker for predicting the local recurrence of soft tissue tumors.

Cryoablation compared with radiofrequency ablation and microwave coagulation therapy for the local control of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

286 Background: Although cryoablation (Cryo) has been advocated as an effective local treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), data are lacking regarding its outcomes in comparison with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave coagulation therapy (MCT). The aim of this study was to clarify the benefits and disadvantages of each modality for primary HCC. Methods: We reviewed outcomes of 120 patients with primary HCCs (&lt; 5cm) who underwent local treatment (Cryo: n = 55 and RFA/MCT: n = 65) between 1998 and 2011. The primary endpoint was local recurrence free survival (LRFS). The secondary endpoints were complication rates and the length of hospital stay. Results: Age, sex, Child-Pugh score, and background liver disease were identical between both groups. The Cryo group had larger tumors (mean ± standard error tumor size: Cryo 2.55 ± 0.75 cm vs. RFA/MCT 1.96 ± 0.72cm, p &lt; 0.001). The LRFS was higher in the Cryo group than in RFA/MCT group (2270.0 ± 240.8 days vs. 1940.7 ± 269.5 days: p = 0.116). The Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis revealed that Cryo as the treatment of choice was an independent predictive indicator of improved LRFS (HR, 0.403 [95% CI: 0.202−0.807], P = 0.010). On the contrary, tumor size (for each 1 cm increase, HR, 1.635 [95% CI: 1.038–2.574], p = 0.034) and Child-Pugh score ≥ 6 (HR, 2.166 [95% CI: 1.179 – 3.979], p = 0.013) were negative prognostic factors for LRFS. Subgroup analysis showed that the LRFS for tumors ≤ 2 cm was similar between the 2 groups. However, if the tumor size was greater than 2 cm, the LRFS of the Cryo group was superior to RFA/MCT (2400.0 ± 287.4 days vs. 1177.9 ± 366.5 days: p = 0.004). The complication rates (Cryo 10.9% vs. RFA/MCT 10.8%: p = 0.980) and the length of hospital stay (9.45 ± 5.33 days vs. 9.52 ± 5.90 days: p = 0.947) were similar in both groups. No mortality was observed in the entire cohort. Conclusions: Cryo provides significantly higher chance of local control for primary HCCs compared with RFA/MCT, particularly if the tumor size exceeds 2 cm. Associated risks are at least equivalent to those of RFA/MCT even in patients with marginal to poor liver function. Cryo is a promising local ablative option in an era of rising incidence of HCC.