Factorial Analysis Of Variance Research Articles

Effect of verbal coaching instruction on scanning activity in elite U19 female football players

Introduction
 To perform a successful action in football, players must constantly recognize the given affordances and their surroundings on the field before and during action (McGuckian et al., 2020). Therefore, having the ability to temporarily detach the view from the ball and move the head to scan the environment to identify and recognize information, could affect the quality of the subsequent action (Jordet et al., 2020). This ability might depend on players technical skills, which give a player more opportunities to exploit given affordances (Aksum et al., 2021). Explicit verbal coaching instructions are used to develop these skills in trainings and games. However, there is little evidence that support this coaching strategy.
 The aim of this study was to investigate how scanning activity without, and with instruction affect player’s performance in 4v4 elite U19 female football players. Hypotheses were: i) scan frequency is higher in more skilled players, ii) instruction leads to higher scan frequency, and iii) higher scan frequency increases the quality of the subsequent action.
 Methods
 Twenty-five (17.57 ±0.69 years) female players were recruited from two elite football clubs. All players participated twice in a 4v4 small-sided game (SSG). The first SSG was conducted with no special rules. At the beginning and during mini-breaks of the second SSG, players were instructed to constantly look away from the ball and scan the environment before the first ball touch (Jordet et al., 2020). SSG’s were video captured and will be analyzed by three experts. Frequency and time of scans before and during action as well as quality and speed of subsequent technical-tactical action will be assessed. Dependent variables will be analyzed using two factorial (instruction x group) analyses of variance (i, ii) and mixed models (iii).
 Results
 As the present study was conducted recently, the results will be presented at the conference. However, a previous pilot study showed significantly higher scan frequency after instruction in higher skilled U17 female football players (p < 0.001). It also appeared that higher skilled players are more likely to take advantage of instruction in terms of speed and quality of the subsequent actions.
 Discussion
 This study could provide important initial insights into the scanning activity of U19 female football players. Further, implications for coaching instruction on scanning activity and how this affects the quality of subsequent actions, may impact future coaching strategies.
 References
 Aksum, K. M., Pokolm, M., Thue Bjørndal, C., Rein, R., Memmert, D., & Jordet, G. (2021). Scanning activity in elite youth football players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(21), 2401-2410. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2021.1935115
 Jordet, G., Aksum, K. M., Pedersen, D. N., Walvekar, A., McCall, A., & Priestley, D. (2020). Scanning, contextual factors, and association with performance in English premier league footballers: An investigation across a season. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 553813. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.553813
 McGuckian, T. B., Cole, M. H., Chalkley, D., Jordet, G., & Pepping, G.-J. (2020). Constraints on visual exploration of youth football players during 11v11 match-play: The influence of playing role, pitch position and phase of play. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(6), 658-668. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1723375

Social media sites users' choice between utilitarian and informational reinforcers assessed using temporal discounting.

This study provides a first approach to the use of the Multiple-Choice Procedure in social media networks use, as well as empirical evidence for the application of the Behavioral Perspective Model to digital consumption behavior in young users in conjunction with a methodology based on behavioral economics. The participants were part of a large university in Bogotá, Colombia, and they received an academic credit once they completed the online questionnaire. A total of 311 participants completed the experiment. Of the participants, 49% were men with a mean age of 20.6 years (SD = 3.10, Range = 15-30); 51% were women with a mean age of 20.2 years (SD = 2.84, Range = 15-29). Among the total participants, 40% reported that they used social networks between 1 and 2 h a day, 38% between 2 and 3 h, 16% for 4 h or more, and the remaining 9% used them for 1 h or less per day. The factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) allowed us to identify a statistically significant effect of the delay of the alternative reinforcer, that is, the average crossover points were higher when the monetary reinforcer was delayed 1 week, compared to the immediate delivery of the monetary reinforcer. There was no statistically significant effect of the interaction between the magnitude of the reinforcer and the delay time of the alternative reinforcer. This study supports the relative reinforcing value of an informational reinforcement consequence such as social media use, which is sensitive to both the magnitude of reinforcement and the delay in delivery as individual factors. The findings on reinforcer magnitude and delay effects are consistent with previous research that have applied behavioral economics to the study of non-substance-related addictions.

An Occupation-Based Healthy Nutrition and Wellness Program for Individuals With Schizophrenia.

This study investigated the effectiveness of an occupation-based Healthy Nutrition and Wellness Program (HNWP) on dietary knowledge, dietary habits, metabolic values, and well-being of people with schizophrenia. Forty clients attended the HNWP once a week for 12 weeks in addition to routine treatment. Metabolic values, biochemical values, dietary habits, Healthy Nutrition Knowledge Form, and Well-being Questionnaire were measured before the HNWP, after the HNWP, and at 6-month follow-up. Repeated measures factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare each continuous variable and Cochran's Q test was used to compare categorical variables before HNWP, after HNWP, and at follow-up. Findings showed that HNWP increased the healthy nutrition knowledge, improved some dietary habits, increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and promoted general well-being of the individuals with schizophrenia. There was no gender difference in all variables. Inclusion of occupation-based HNWPs into treatment of individuals with schizophrenia can increase awareness about healthy life and improve their dietary habits and well-being.

Optimization of microwave assisted synthesis of activated carbon from biomass waste for sustainable industrial crude wet-phosphoric acid purification

Crude phosphoric acid, generated during industrial wet production, requires careful treatment by different processes to make it acceptable for various agro-industrial applications. The purification of crude phosphoric acid is still challenging and costly at a large scale because of the presence of various organic and inorganic pollutants. The adsorption technique for the purification of crude phosphoric acid suffers from the low sorption rate due to its complexity in terms of chemical composition and low pH. To enhance the sorption selectivity, the texture and surface chemistry of activated carbon should be well designed via the optimization of synthesis conditions. The present work aims to valorize local biomass waste (palm petiole, PP) into highly mesoporous adsorptive activated carbon (ACPP) for the removal of the organic matter (OM) from crude industrial phosphoric acid (26% P2O5). The microwave-assisted synthesis of ACPP was optimized using full factorial design (FFD) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Experimental factors that govern the removal of OM from phosphoric acid using ACPP were investigated to maximize the purification rate. Even though the yield of OM in phosphoric acid is high, ACPP removes about 81.5% of OM. Several parameters were studied to optimize and understand the adsorption behavior of OM on the surface of ACPP. The adsorption process undergoes pseudo-second-order kinetic, and the adsorption isotherm follows the Sips model. Overall, this research shows that the carbonization of biomass assisted by microwave and the use of H3PO4 as activation agent produces a highly adsorptive activated carbon with high affinity towards removing OM from crude phosphoric acid. Optimizing biomass waste carbonization factors by facile and sustainable routes would benefit industries to produce pure phosphoric acid at a low cost and eco-friendly route.

Examining pre-service teachers regulation in distance and traditional preschool design and technology education

The significance of adapting to a rapidly changing world is quite evident in the current day; thus, the awareness of how to teach students so that they can be ready to face challenges in the future is very important. Early education has a huge impact on the further development of children, so preschool teachers must be competent and use appropriate teaching and educational methods. In this study, the development of self-directed learning (SDL) of future preschool teachers is investigated by considering two variables, namely the type of study (full-time and part-time students) and the learning modalities caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (pre-, during and post-COVID-19 confinement). We collected data from 418 participants and analysed them using descriptive statistics, 2 × 3 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a two-step cluster analysis. The results show the status of pre-service preschool teachers' perceptions of their SDL development and how the variables influenced it. There were significant differences in the students' self-reported SDL skills, depending on the learning environment and the type of study. The status indicator helps educators identify and change the curriculum and how they work with students. It allows the faculty to highlight the positive aspects of the different educational modalities encountered, as well as the characteristics of the study types and their impact on the learning process to improve students’ SDL skills. The results of the study may help in the design of tailored metacognitive scaffolds that take into account different modalities. Further studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of digital open learning environments that address both SDL and preschool educational practices.

Comparison of the morphological accuracy of automatic crowns designed by multiple computer-aided design software programs with different levels of dentition information acquisition

Statement of problemInformation on the morphological accuracy of crowns automatically produced by different computer-aided design (CAD) software programs for multilevel dentition defects is limited. PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the morphological accuracy of crowns fabricated using different CAD software programs with different design theories for multilevel dentition defects. Material and methodsFour dentition defect types (the standard group, the abrasion group, the adjacent-teeth-missing group, and the antagonist-tooth–missing group, n=10) were fabricated to represent different levels of missing dentition information. Two design modes (the library mode and correlation mode) of 3 common CAD software programs (3Shape [3Shape A/S], CEREC [Dentsply Sirona], and exocad DentalCAD [exocad GmbH]) were used to design crowns automatically, and the morphologies of the generated crowns and original teeth were recorded. The root mean square (RMS) value was calculated to evaluate the morphological deviations between the autogenerated crowns and original teeth using the 3D matching system (Geomagic GmbH). As each group in this study represented 3 factors, the mean differences between the treatment combinations and the interaction effects were analyzed by performing factorial analysis of variance (α=.05). ResultsThe RMS values of autogenerated crowns designed using the correlation method were significantly lower than those designed using the library method of each software program in the 4 groups (P<.05). The RMS values of crowns designed by the 3Shape and CEREC software programs in library mode under conditions with dentition information loss were lower than those of crowns designed by the exocad software program (P<.05). Changes in the acquisition of dental information did not decrease the CEREC design accuracy (P>.05), while they did decrease the 3Shape and exocad design accuracy (P<.05). ConclusionsThe correlation method showed higher accuracy in rebuilding the original morphology of the teeth than the library method. Both the 3Shape and CEREC software programs showed higher accuracy than the exocad software program in library mode under conditions with dentition information loss, while CEREC showed higher stability than the 3Shape and exocad software programs.

The Indonesian Version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale - Self Report (LSAS-SR-Indonesia): Psychometric Evaluation and Analysis Related to Gender and Age

Aim: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of LSAS-SR (LSAS-SR-Indonesia), and determine the analysis related to gender and age. Background: A previous study reported that social anxiety exists in Indonesia. The psychometric properties of the instruments were not reported because it was not the focus of the study. Further studies were recommended, and it was necessary to develop an instrument for social anxiety in Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia). The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) is one of the most frequently used scales for assessing social anxiety. The psychometric properties of LSAS-SR-Indonesia must be assessed so that the instrument can be more properly used. Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of LSAS-SR-Indonesia, including internal consistency and item discrimination, as well as validity (convergent, internal structure, factorial, and content). In addition to the psychometric properties, this study analyzed its correlation to gender and age. Methods: A total of 2074 participants from the general population were involved in the current cross-sectional study applying multi-stage cluster sampling. They lived in seven big cities in Indonesia, representing the major ethnic groups, i.e., Bandung, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, Makassar, Yogyakarta, Padang and Medan. The participants were 16-38 years old, and 73% of them were female. The internal consistency was analyzed using a coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha, and the item discrimination was examined by calculating the corrected item-total correlation. Convergent validity was analyzed using the correlation with the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE) and the Taijin Kyofusho Scale (TKS) using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Internal structure validity was examined using Pearson Product Moment Correlation between LSAS subscales (LSAS Fear and LSAS Avoidance) and their subscales (LSAS Fear Performance, LSAS Avoidance Performance, LSAS Fear Social Interaction, LSAS Avoidance Social Interaction). Factorial validity was used to analyze construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Content validity was carried out using the evaluation of an expert panel. The analysis of gender and age was performed using factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). All the statistical analysis was performed using the computer programs SPSS v.21 and LISREL v.10.3. Results: The LSAS-SR-Indonesia has good internal consistency. The majority of items demonstrate good discrimination. A good convergent validity is found in the total score and the two subscales. The internal structure is empirically proved. All factor models fit the data, and RMSEA, RMR, NNFI, CFI, and AGFI are in the fit range. The CFA demonstrates that all items in all models have a significant loading factor of 5%. The result of the content validity shows a high degree of relevance and representativeness, with an agreement of 60-100%. There are significant differences both in fear and avoidance across gender. However, there are no significant differences in fear and avoidance across ages. Conclusion: The LSAS-SR-Indonesia is a reliable and valid instrument to assess social anxiety symptoms in Indonesia. It can be used to identify and assist in the preparation for promotion and intervention programs to prevent the development of the symptoms.

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Ground Reaction Forces During Jumps in Professional Baseball Players.

Amonette, WE, Vazquez, J, and Coleman, AE. Cross-sectional analysis of ground reaction forces during jumps in professional baseball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1616-1622, 2023-This study described and compared force plate kinetics in major (MLB) and minor (MiLB) baseball players while performing vertical jumps (CMVJ), squat jumps (SSJ), and depth jumps (DJ). Second, comparisons were made between playing positions. Data were collected on 101 professional baseball players. Peak force, eccentric and concentric impulses, peak power, and jump height were determined from each test. Reactive strength index was computed from the DJ. Data were compared using factorial analysis of variances, alpha was set at p ≤ 0.05, and effect sizes were reported using Cohen's d . During CMVJ, MiLB players generated more force ( p = 0.04; d = 0.48), power ( p = 0.02; d = 0.42), and jumped higher ( p = 0.03; d = 0.32) than MLB players. Pitchers generated higher propulsive impulses than catchers ( p = 0.004; d = 0.93). Outfielders generated more power ( p = 0.02; d = 0.98) and jumped higher ( p = 0.049; d = 1.08) than catchers and infielders ( p = 0.025; d = 0.32). Minor league baseball players generated more force ( p = 0.002; d = 0.62), power ( p = 0.001; d = 0.84), and jumped higher ( p = 0.02; d = 0.48) than MLB players in SSJ. No differences were observed by position in SSJ. Minor league baseball players jumped higher than MLB players in the DJ ( p = 0.01; d = 0.57) and outfielders generated more power in the DJ than pitchers ( p = 0.05; d = 0.43) and catchers ( p = 0.007; d = 1.61). Reactive strength index was greater in outfielders compared with catchers ( p = 0.01; d = 1.20). These data indicate that MiLB players were generally more powerful and jumped higher than MLB players in the 3 performance tasks. The difference observed by playing level were likely related to physical preparedness at the beginning of spring training; positional differences were the result of athletic skill sets required for tactical excellence at each position.

Unraveling Segmentation Quality of Remotely Sensed Images on Plastic-Covered Greenhouses: A Rigorous Experimental Analysis from Supervised Evaluation Metrics

Plastic-covered greenhouse (PCG) segmentation represents a significant challenge for object-based PCG mapping studies due to the spectral characteristics of these singular structures. Therefore, the assessment of PCG segmentation quality by employing a multiresolution segmentation algorithm (MRS) was addressed in this study. The structure of this work is composed of two differentiated phases. The first phase aimed at testing the performance of eight widely applied supervised segmentation metrics in order to find out which was the best metric for evaluating image segmentation quality over PCG land cover. The second phase focused on examining the effect of several factors (reflectance storage scale, image spatial resolution, shape parameter of MRS, study area, and image acquisition season) and their interactions on PCG segmentation quality through a full factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) design. The analysis considered two different study areas (Almeria (Spain) and Antalya (Turkey)), seasons (winter and summer), image spatial resolution (high resolution and medium resolution), and reflectance storage scale (Percent and 16Bit formats). Regarding the results of the first phase, the Modified Euclidean Distance 2 (MED2) was found to be the best metric to evaluate PCG segmentation quality. The results coming from the second phase revealed that the most critical factor that affects MRS accuracy was the interaction between reflectance storage scale and shape parameter. Our results suggest that the Percent reflectance storage scale, with digital values ranging from 0 to 100, performed significantly better than the 16Bit reflectance storage scale (0 to 10,000), both in the visual interpretation of PCG segmentation quality and in the quantitative assessment of segmentation accuracy.

Erro tipo I familiar da ANOVA e da ANOVA on ranks em experimentos fatoriais

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the importance of a preliminary general analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the interpretation of data from factorial experiments under total nullity. For this, we evaluated the familywise type I error rate (accumulated FWER) of the F test for the unfolding of factorial ANOVA and factorial ANOVA on ranks, which were compared with the FWER for the global effect of treatments. In addition, we evaluated the FWER of the Tukey’s test under total nullity for factorial experiments in the presence or absence of preliminary ANOVA protection (omnibus F test). The study was conducted by simulating data from 2,000 experiments, which were separated into four representative agricultural research scenarios. For both the parametric factorial ANOVA and the non-parametric factorial ANOVA, the FWER significantly exceeded the nominal level of 5%, even under total nullity. While the tests that control the total FWER in the factorials are not being used, the factorial ANOVA should not be performed without the preliminary ANOVA F test showing a significant effect. This, of course, does not apply to tests that are not multiple comparisons, such as Bonferroni, Dunn-Sidak and others, which do not need ANOVA protection. The same recommendation applies to the factorial ANOVA on ranks.

Micro-CT evaluation of the removal of root fillings using rotary and reciprocating systems supplemented by XP-Endo Finisher, the Self-Adjusting File, or Er,Cr:YSGG laser.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a single-file reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, WOG) and a multi-file rotary system (ProTaper Universal Retreatment, PTUR) in removing canal filling from severely curved canals and to evaluate the possible adjunctive effects of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), and an erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser using micro-computed tomography (μCT). Sixty-six curved mandibular molars were divided into 2 groups based on the retreatment technique and then into 3 based on the supplementary method. The residual filling volumes and root canals were evaluated with μCT before and after retreatment, and after the supplementary steps. The data were statistically analyzed with the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of covariance, and factorial analysis of variance (p < 0.05). PTUR and WOG showed no significant difference in removing filling materials (p > 0.05). The supplementary techniques were significantly more effective than reciprocating or rotary systems only (p < 0.01). The supplementary steps showed no significant differences in canal filling removal effectiveness (p > 0.05), but XPF showed less dentin reduction than the SAF and Er,Cr:YSGG laser (p < 0.01). The supplementary methods significantly decreased the volume of residual filling materials. XPF caused minimal changes in root canal volume and might be preferred for retreatment in curved root canals. Supplementary approaches after retreatment procedures may improve root canal cleanliness.

Investigating the Effects of Combined Physical-cognitive Exercises on Executive Functions: A Home-based Exercise Approach

Purpose: Improving brain functions through physical exercises has been the focus of research in recent years. Accordingly, it is important to examine the kind of physical exercises and brain functions that are affected. This study aims to examine the effect of integrated physical cognitive exercises at home on the executive functions of adults. Methods: This was a field trial study, in which 28 people were examined in 2 groups. People in the experimental group participated in combined cognitive and physical exercises for 16 sessions, while the control group did their daily routines. Inhibition components were evaluated by the go/no-go test and working memory through the N-back test at the beginning and end of the training period. The data were analyzed via factorial analysis of variance through the SPSS software, version 19. Results: The findings indicated that the experimental condition, compared to the control condition, caused a significant improvement in the correct inhibition (P=0.002) and total correct response (P=0.047) components in the go/no-go test, along with the commission errors in the N-back test (P=0.003). Conclusion: The results showed that the combined physical and cognitive exercise had a positive effect on the core executive functions (attentional inhibition and working memory) and could prevent the performance decrement caused by quarantine and the reduction of daily activities that people were facing.

Self-efficacy and Self-esteem as Determinants of Students’ Interest in Introductory Technology in Anambra State, Nigeria

Despite the importance of introductory technology as vocational subjects and the basis of STEM education, students’ interest in the subject is not encouraging as many students have erroneous conception of the subject. Given this situation, this study investigated the self-esteem and self-efficacy as determinants of students’ interest introductory technology. Anchored on social cognitive theory, the study adopted a factorial design and 2-Way analysis of variance as design and statistical tool to examine the effects of self-esteem and self-efficacy on students’ interests in Introductory Technology. The sample of this study consist of 478 junior secondary II students (221 males, 257 females) whose ages ranged from 11 to 15yrs with a mean age of 12.50years and standard deviation of 1.20. Multi-stage sampling method was used in selecting the sample for the study. Data were collected with Interest Scale, Index of self-esteem scale and Self-efficacy scale. The result revealed that the observed mean difference in the students’ interest in Introductory Technology among students with high and low self-esteem was significant at F(3, 478) = 15.9, p &lt; .05. Also, the mean difference in the students’ interest in Introductory Technology among students with high and low self-efficacy was significant at F(3, 478) = 12.0, p &lt; .05. Equally findings revealed that there is interaction effect between self-esteem and self-efficacy on students’ interest in Introductory Technology at F(3, 478) = 7.5, p &lt; .05. Findings imply that that self-esteem and self-efficacy impacted students’ interest in introductory technology subject. It is recommended that school management consider adoption of extra-curricular activities aimed at improving social skill competence of students to enhance students’ self-esteem and self-efficacy.

Experimental investigation of High-Performance Concrete subjected to high temperatures

In this paper, we present an experimental study and statistical modeling of High-Performance Concrete subjected to high temperatures. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of concrete age subjected to high temperature cycles (ranging from 20 °C to 1000 °C) on the physical and the mechanical properties of (HPC). The compressive strength, flexural strength, dynamic modulus and the physical characteristics were evaluated based on the mass loss and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The experiments have been performed at different age 90 and 210days. The analysis of the results shows that increasing temperature decreases the mechanical properties of the concrete especially after 90 days. The factorial design and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to establish the influence of experimental parameters on the HPC. Based on several criteria, mathematical models can be used to predict HPC properties under high temperature.

A Study on Consequences and Growth of OTT Platform using Factor Analysis and ANOVA

In the face of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the over-the-top service of new generic media continues its unbelievable flight. The availability of content, easy access to various shows, ease of use, and continuity of shows require users to subscribe to OTT video streaming. This study aims to pinpoint the factors that show the consequences &amp; growth of OTT over the traditional medium and the effect of the consequences of the OTT platform on gender &amp; occupation. With a sample size of 200, the data was gathered from primary sources utilizing convenience sampling and a semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using factor analysis &amp; ANOVA. Two main factors used in were Consequences of OTT (Factor 1) and OTT growth over traditional medium (Factor 2). The variations in factors 1 &amp; 2 were 42.59 &amp; 15.49 respectively. As per factor analysis, factor 1 was the most important and the Cronbach alpha values of 0.852 and 0.807 respectively, reveal the reliability of the two factors. Also, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) shows that gender &amp; occupation have a significant effect on the consequences of the OTT platform. The online consumption of content was also found to have several negative effects on the life style of the respondents.

The Relationship between a Hotel's Safe Image and Tourists' Patronage Intention under the Threat of COVID-19

Based on the principles of the social exchange theory and protection motivation theory, this study extended the investigation by Atadil &amp; Lu (2021) and adopted the safe image scale they developed. Through the results of the questionnaire, this study examined how guests' perception of a hotel's star rating might affect its safe image and how a hotel's safe image and guests' perceived risk might affect their trust in the hotel and patronage intention. A total of 94 hotels have participated in the survey, and 949 valid questionnaires have been returned. Through factor analysis, correlation analysis, variance analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis, this study found significant differences in star rating perception of the four dimensions of the safe image, a significant moderation effect of perceived risk on the relationship between safe image and trust, and a relationship between safe image, trust, and patronage intention. The value of this study is that under the threat of COVID-19, it has built an influence model of guests' intention to patronize a hotel, thereby providing empirical contributions to the social exchange theory and protection motivation theory, as well as proposing practical suggestions on how hoteliers may improve customer trust.

Sintomas geniturinários e qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare genitourinary symptoms and quality of life in women with breast cancer before and after chemotherapy treatment. This is a prospective and analytical study carried out with 60 women treated at a hospital in the state of Paraná. Sociodemographic data, menopausal status, climacteric symptoms, quality of life, and pelvic floor strength and resistance were collected. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, Shapiro-Wilk, Cochran, Factorial Analysis of Variance for Repeated Measures and Fishers least significance difference were used for data analysis. Participants suffered genitourinary alterations, such as reduced strength and resistance of the pelvic floor muscles, urinary incontinence and vulvovaginal atrophy, regardless of the evaluated factors (type of chemotherapy, parity, and menopausal status). Therefore, greater attention and discussion by multidisciplinary health teams is necessary, as these symptoms can be reduced and managed if recognized early.

Biofeedback EMG alternative therapy for chronic low back pain (the BEAT-pain study).

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and potential effectiveness of an 8-week virtual EMG biofeedback intervention for patients with CLBP. Patients with CLBP completed validated baseline and post-intervention assessments of pain intensity and interference (Brief Pain Inventory), back pain-related disability (Oswestry Disability Index), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Participants underwent a series of Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) procedures assessing responses to mechanical stimuli during two separate visits (baseline and post-intervention). In addition, we assessed, using surface EMG, the muscle tension in the trapezius, latissimus, and low back muscles at each session. Patients were randomized into the EMG biofeedback intervention or usual care group. Factorial analysis of variance including the interaction between treatment group and time was used to analyze the changes in pain intensity (primary outcome), pain interference, disability (secondary outcomes), anxiety, and depression (secondary outcomes). Compared to the treatment as usual comparison group, patients in the EMG biofeedback group reported lower pain intensity after completing the intervention (mean group difference 0.9, 95% CI -1.07, -0.32; p≤0.01). Compared to baseline, participants in the EMG biofeedback group demonstrated statistically significant reductions in pain interference (mean difference 1.3, 95% CI 0.42, 2.1; p≤0.01), disability (mean difference 4.32, 95% CI 1.2, 7.3; p≤0.01), and significant increases in low back pain thresholds (mean difference 0.5, 95% CI -0.87, -0.05; p≤0.01), assessed by QST. However, no significant group by time effects were observed for secondary outcomes: pain interference, disability, and low back pain thresholds. In addition, significant changes were observed in muscle tension for the trapezius, latissimus, and low back muscles in the EMG biofeedback group (p<0.001). Virtual EMG biofeedback shows promise as a potential therapy for reducing pain and disability in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Negative Impact of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction on Health-Related Quality of Life: Results From the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Survey

This study used the database from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Survey to assess the differences in quality of life overall, and by age and sex, across individual disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), gastrointestinal anatomical region(s), and number of overlapping DGBI. Data were collected via the Internet in 26 countries, using the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire and a supplemental questionnaire including the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems Global-10 quality of life measure. Factorial analyses of variance were used to explore physical and mental quality of life, adjusting for multiple comparisons. Among the 54,127 respondents, quality of life deteriorated significantly with increasing number of overlapping DGBI, with respondents reporting ≥2 DGBI having significantly poorer quality of life than those with only 1 DGBI or those without any DGBI. Men with DGBI reported better quality of life than women, and those aged ≥65 years reported better quality of life than those <65 years. Age, sex, number of overlapping DGBI, somatization, anxiety, depression, and functional experiences (concern, embarrassment, or stress associated with bowel functioning) relating to DGBI, were significant predictors of poorer physical and mental quality of life. This study is the most comprehensive assessment of quality of life to date in adults living with a DGBI. It provides a representative picture of DGBI impact on adults in the global adult population and highlights the significant detrimental impact of living with a DGBI on quality of life.

The Relationship Between Epidemiological Factors and the Parasite Load of Sarcocystis in Yezo-Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Hokkaido, Japan.

Several cases of gastrointestinal symptoms including diarrhea and vomiting due to the consumption of Sarcocystis-infected venison have been reported in Japan. However, the control of case incidence is difficult, as epidemiological information concerning Sarcocystis in venison in Japan is insufficient. We examined the prevalence and parasite load of Sarcocystis in 89 samples of Yezo-deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) venison in Hokkaido by quantifying the copy numbers of the 18S rRNA gene of Sarcocystis, followed by a statistical analysis that considered the sampling area, age, and sex to clarify the parameters related to the parasite load. The copy numbers per gram of venison in samples ranged from 4.8 to 8.8 log. Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the one-way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), Steel-Dwass test, and a two-way factorial ANOVA showed significant differences in the copy numbers among sampling areas, not by age or sex, suggesting that the load of Sarcocystis in wild deer depended on the sampling area in Hokkaido. Notably, more than 80% of Hokkaido venison has a higher gene copy number than the meat that caused Sarcocystis fayeri-food poisoning. This information is expected to contribute to the establishment of hygiene standards for safe venison consumption and the control of gastrointestinal symptom cases due to consumption of Sarcocystis-infected venison.