Facilities Management Performance Research Articles

USING DATA WAREHOUSE TO MANAGE HEALTH FACILITY DATA

Managing a complete master list of public health facility data is deemed important in coordinating and planning of health services and achieving better service delivery. The master lists allow stakeholders to share a uniform operational health services data and ensuring availability and reliable data. This will able to support and manage patients clinical data and other health management services such as disease monitoring, facility management and monitoring service performance. However, most health facilities do not have accurate and informed data, this can affect monitoring of infrastructure and services provided. Various facilities have multiple and redundant lists of health data, the lists differ not only in the information they contain but also in the way they are named and identified. Existing studies state that the development of health facility registries store information mostly using conventional two-dimensional table methods or relational databases as in the case at the Health Informatics Center (HIC), Ministry of Health Malaysia. Hence, they faces the challenges in managing the data since it contains diverse data sources, the absence of uniform data standards and the dependence on manual processes and human intervention. To overcome the current problems, a dimensional modeling technique has been developed in an effort to design a Health Facility Data Warehouse. The proposed design of the data warehouse has been verified by the expert and they agrees that it is suitable for HIC to manage information related to health facilities due to its ability to deal with data sources, able to generate strategic information, as well as the ability to obtain a historical view of facility data. This study shows dimensional modeling techniques are effective in analyzing and designing data warehouse and can be a possible method in managing the master list of health facilities in Malaysia as well as other countries.

A framework for evaluating campus facility management performance in light of project critical success factors using a multidimensional fuzzy logic approach

PurposeThis paper aims to present the development of a holistic campus facility management (CFM) performance assessment framework that incorporates a fuzzy logic approach and integrates a comprehensive set of key factors for successful management of campus facilities. The devised framework aims to cater to the needs of campus facilities management firms and departments for the purpose of gauging and assessing their performance across different management domains. Through this approach, facility management organizations can detect potential areas of enhancement and adopt preemptive steps to evade issues, foster progress and ensure success.Design/methodology/approachAfter a comprehensive analysis of the literature, conducting in-depth interviews with industry experts and employing the Delphi technique in two rounds, a total of 45 indicators critical to CFM success were identified and subsequently sorted into seven distinct groups. Through an online questionnaire, 402 subject-matter experts proficiently assessed the significance of the critical success indicators and their groups. A fuzzy logic framework was developed to evaluate and quantify a firm's compliance with the critical success indicators and groups of indicators. The framework was subsequently weighted using computations of the relative importance index (RII) based on the responses received from the questionnaire participants. The initial section of the framework involved a comprehensive analysis of the firm's performance vis-à-vis the indicators, while the latter part sought to evaluate the impact of the indicators groups on the overall firm's performance.FindingsThe utilization of fuzzy logic has uncovered the significant effects each effective CFM key indicator on indicators groups, as well as the distinct effects of each CFM indicators group on the overall performance of CFM. The results reveal that financial management, communications management, sustainability and environment management and workforce management are the most impactful indicators groups on the CFM performance. This suggests that it is imperative for management to allocate increased attention to these specific areas.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the advancement of current knowledge by revealing vital indicators of effective CFM and utilizing them to construct a thorough fuzzy logic framework that can assist in evaluating the effectiveness of CFM firms worldwide. This has the potential to provide crucial assistance to facility management organizations, facility managers and policymakers in their quest for informed decision-making.

Development of a Campus Facility Management Operational Framework Using a Modified Delphi Method

An effective facility management process is crucial to overall firm performance and is becoming a core competency for organizations seeking to gain a competitive advantage. The recent literature on facility management reveals that poor facility management is a major cause of management inefficiency, leading directly to budget overruns, maintenance delays, repetition of work, variations, noncompliance incidents, unnecessary risk, and dissatisfied customers. Therefore, facility management firms should pay close attention to the most critical success factors in order to effectively manage and measure performance. This paper presents a multidimensional campus facility management performance framework (CFMPF) that addresses both operational and systematic factors. Facility management companies, owners, contractors, and consultants can use this framework to identify systemic weaknesses using key indicators to specifically assess the effectiveness and success of facility management. The significance of 45 key facility management success factors across seven categories was determined via a literature review, expert interviews, and the Delphi method. The seven process groups are: Campus Facility Work Force Management, Campus Facility Communication Management, Campus Facility Systems Management, Campus Facility Organizational Management, Campus Facility Financial Management, Campus Sustainability & Environment Management, and Campus Facility Assets Management. To verify the overall agreement via the Delphi rounds, the score percentage and standard deviation to mean ratio were examined. Mean value and interrater agreement (IRA) analyses were conducted to evaluate the correlation between the factors and facility performance. This research adds to the body of knowledge by presenting a systematic operational framework for campus facility management that identifies the underlying factors influencing performance and fills the gaps left by previous studies.

A Review of Facilities Management Performance within Private Finance Initiatives (PFI) at Malaysia Public University

This paper aims to assess the facilities management (FM) practices and performance at Malaysian private finance initiatives (PFI) university campus. This paper critically analysed the current FM practices and performance of the FM company. The single case study approach is a research method used in this research to analyse a single case or phenomenon in depth. In this approach, a single unit of analysis, such as, a case study of PFI campus of a public university in Malaysia is studied in detail to gain a deep understanding of the case and its context. The findings of this paper revealed that the state of FM practices and performance is based on the Concessionaire Agreement (CA) within the appointed FM Company and the University. The extent of its implementation and understanding are significantly important to the university management. The FM Company performance increased towards the year and recorded high level performance with Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) average score within 9 years around 98.45%. However, the FM company received a total of 773 demerit points and incurred a deduction of maintenance charges amounting to RM319,153.23 suggesting that there were some areas of improvement can be made. This paper reached out to address the FM practices and performance under the Private Finance Initiatives (PFI) at Malaysia Public University after 9 years of its implementation. It gives a better understanding of PFI concept and FM practices in the country. The review also helps to identify practices and measures to the performance impact to the university operations.

Strategic Indicators for Strategic Intervention in Sports Facilities Management Performance in Malaysia

Purpose: The accessible sporting facilities are underutilised, being misused, not being protected, and not being maintained by the responsible parties. The majority of studies indicate that sports venues face a variety of facilities management (FM) issues due to the inadequacies of their current operating systems, including the financial aspect, the lack of qualified personnel, the effectiveness and quality of management operations, the optimization of operations, and safety concerns. The purpose of this article is to explore the strategic indicators for strategic intervention targeted at improving the management of sports facilities in Malaysia by identifying the most important aspects.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: Data for this preliminary study were acquired from 44 randomly selected respondents, including FM representatives from a number of Malaysian stadiums. Initially, the data will be factor-analyzed using the statistical software SPSS.
 Findings: Academic and industry specialists examined the authenticity and dependability of the instruments' data. Academic and business specialists examined the authenticity and dependability of the instruments' data.
 Implications/Originality/Value: By illustrating the relationship between FM performance and strategic intervention, this study contributes to the existing body of information on FM. In order to develop a conceptual model for a strategic intervention targeted at enhancing sports facility management performance, it will be necessary to incorporate all aspects of the organisational strategy.

Review of Academic Space Management Process Framework for Malaysia Public Universities

In the national budget for 2021, the Malaysian government allocated RM 14.5 billion for higher education and RM50 million for infrastructure and equipment replacement in public universities. The most critical issues in managing university logistics are to fulfil academic space requirements by academic studies programs or professional bodies' accreditations. The issues arise due to indistinct information management on actual space inventory and space ownership allocation. Without a systematic space management process, it might affect static student enrolment, limited room capacity, occupancy overload, inadequate academic space facilities, poor space allocation and ownership, improper timetable management, increase in cost maintenance operation and new development costs in the future. There is still insufficient research that has comprehensively explored space management that gave impactful on the facilities management performance of the university. Thus, this study is significant to review the academic space management process framework for Malaysian public universities. Through a critical review of literature, it has been found that space strategic planning, space management operations and space audit assessment, are the three main elements of the process in space management for Malaysian public universities. It could strongly affect the overall facilities management performance in achieving sustainable development thus supporting the mission and vision of the university. This research contributed to both theoretical and practical aspects where it benefited university management, especially in the decision-making process for implementing effective institutions delivery in asset and facilities management and also becoming standard guideline on academic space management process for Malaysia public universities.

Strategic Indicators for Strategic Intervention in Sports Facilities Management Performance in Malaysia

Objective –The sports facilities provided are not fully utilized, misused, unprotected, and not maintained by the responsible parties. Most studies indicate sports facilities face numerous facilities management (FM) issues owing to weakness of current operating systems such as financial factor, lack of qualify staff, efficient and quality management operations, optimisation of operation, and safety issues. The purpose of this paper is to examine the strategic indicators for strategic intervention for improving the performance of sports facilities management in Malaysia by initially identifying what the critical considerations. Methodology. The data for this preliminary study was obtained from random samples of 44 respondents involving FM representative from various stadium in Malaysia. The data will initially analysed using SPSS statistical software for factor analysis. The reliability and validity data of the instruments were assessed by experts from academia and the industry. The reliability and validity data of the instruments were assessed by experts from academia and the industry.
 Findings research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on FM by identifying the relationship between FM performance and strategic intervention.
 Implications Finally, in order to develop strategic intervention conceptual model toward sports facilities management performance will to be involved in all the strategy phases of the organisation.

An analytic network process model for hospital facilities management performance evaluation

PurposeThis study aims to establish a rigorous model that can pragmatically evaluate the facilities management (FM) performance of hospitals.Design/methodology/approachAmong the applicable performance indicators that were identified from extant literature, a focus group study shortlisted ten key performance indicators (KPIs) in four categories (safety, physical, financial and environmental) and verified their practicality. Using the analytic network process (ANP) method to process the focus group’s responses yielded importance weightings for the KPIs and developed the intended evaluation model. This model was then validated by a case study.FindingsFrom the empirical data collected, two types of FM performance data and two scenarios of KPI scores were identified. To process these data and scores, a robust calculation method was devised and then proved useful in obtaining an overall score for holistic hospital FM performance. The case study confirmed the appropriateness and validity of the model developed.Research limitations/implicationsThrough illustrating how the ANP method could be applied to develop an FM performance evaluation model, the study contributes knowledge to the multi-criteria decision-making domain. Despite the geographical limitation of the model established (i.e. centered around a group of hospitals investigated in Hong Kong), the study can serve as a reference for developing performance evaluation models for other buildings or infrastructures globally.Practical implicationsThe model constitutes a practical tool for evaluating the FM performance of hospitals. Using this model on a regular basis will enable performance benchmarking and hence, continuous improvement of FM services.Originality/valueThe ANP model established is the first of its kind tailored for evaluation of hospital FM performance.

Literature Review on Digitalization in Facilities Management and Facilities Management Performance Measurement: Contribution of Industry 4.0 in the Global Era

In this study, our aim is to present a comprehensive systematic review on digitalization (DT) in facility management (FM) and FM performance management (PM). Past research on these themes indicated that either research articles on DT in FM or research studies on FM PM are separately dealt with. However, in contrast, in our literature review, we try to present a holistic literature review by integrating both research streams on DT applications for FM and FM PM. A total 130 academic journal articles published on these subjects, between 1990 and 2021, from Web of Science and Google Scholars, were reviewed in this article. Moreover, this article identified a number of possibilities for future research on DT and FM PM, including the interoperability enhancement of building information modeling (BIM) methodology, the test and implementation of BIM concept for smart transportation infrastructure, usage of the integration of 3D analysis algorithms, the perfect cross integration of BIM and geographic information system (GIS) and systematic research efforts with new methodologies and theoretical constructs. We hope that this article will help researchers determine the areas where further research must be conducted and what kind of future directions would be valuable for DT and PM in FM.

Importance of hospital facilities management performance indicators: Building practitioners’ perspectives

Hospitals are critical infrastructure assets and the strategic management of facilities within these buildings are quintessentially important to society who rely upon effective healthcare services. Despite their importance to the optimised functioning of hospital facilities, standardized performance evaluation measures such as key performance indicators (KPIs) have hitherto received scant academic attention. Understanding the views of practitioners working on the different lifecycle stages of a building will help to establish pragmatic KPIs for hospital facilities management (FM). Hence, a multi-stage study was undertaken, within which interpretivism and inductive reasoning was utilised to conduct a systematic review of extant literature on hospital FM and KPIs. In parallel, the initial stage of work shortlisted 18 KPIs, in four categories (physical, safety, environmental and financial), as essential for hospital FM performance evaluation. Using these indicators, a questionnaire survey was developed and disseminated to building practitioners in the hospital sector of Hong Kong. Data gathered was then analysed using both summary and inferential statistics. The analyses reveal that the practitioners generally regarded the physical and financial indicators as more important. When compared between the perspectives of the design/construction practitioners and the FM group, significant differences were found with three particular KPIs: availability of fire services system, energy utilization index and carbon emissions per building area. The paper concludes with direction for future research that seeks to analytically determine the importance weighting of each performance indicator identified, which is requisite for establishing a credible hospital FM performance evaluation scheme.

A performance data integrated BIM framework for building life-cycle energy efficiency and environmental optimization design

Data-driven green building design in BIM is challenged by the lack of a comprehensive data integration framework with the capabilities of building life-cycle performance data management and application. This paper proposes a performance integrated BIM (P-BIM) framework for building life cycle energy efficiency and environment optimization. A school building is presented as a case study to verify the P-BIM framework and the design optimization workflow established. The results show that the optimization can improve IEQ by 11.5% and reduce LCC by 36.8%. The influences of different envelope constructions on indoor environment, energy consumptions, and costs are also studied. The P-BIM framework and the optimization methodology built on it demonstrate that the methodology developed can expand the application scope of BIM and contribute to data-driven green building design. More application scenarios focusing on the stage of facility management and different sustainability performance will be conducted in P-BIM framework in future works.

A review of facilities management performance measurement

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of facilities management (FM) performance measurement (PM) research within the past two decades to understand existing gaps in FM PM literature.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a systematic approach to review papers in FM PM published from 1997 to 2017. The articles published in selected peer-reviewed international journals in the last 20 years were collected by conducting literature search in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The content of the papers were scrutinized to understand the gap in literature.FindingsThe review depicts a slow pace of FM PM research characterized by diverse and fragmented performance measures, whereas the existing PM frameworks are at the nascent stage.Research limitations/implicationsThe judgments of the paper are based on the 54 papers selected for the critical review and analysis that should be treated as key issues in FM PM research agenda. The review also excludes energy management.Originality/valueThe paper identifies the gaps in the current PM literature in FM and set propositions for future research which is of utility and relevance to FM researchers more especially on the existing conceptual frameworks. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to conduct a review on FM PM in the extant literature.

Application of technology to car parking facilities in Asian smart cities

PurposeThis study aims investigate the status of applying technology in car parking facilities. It also examines the factors affecting the deployment of these technologies as they improve the efficiency and convenience of car parking facilities amidst changing transport needs in Asian smart cities.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive literature review informs the relationships between car park provisions and the traffic congestion problem. A typology covering different technological solutions is then formulated. The factors affecting the use of two such common technologies (i.e. mechanical car parks and intelligent information systems) are examined in two emerging smart cities in Asia with the aid of a desk-top study for Singapore and a survey covering over 600 samples (including users and non-users, as both groups are important to derive influencing factors) in Hong Kong.FindingsThe extent to which mechanical car parks may help relieve the space shortage problem depends on their relative costs and the facility management performance. For real-time vacancy information systems, their wide spread use depends on drivers’ age and past parking experience.Research limitations/implicationsDue to geographical constraints, only two Asian cities (Singapore and Hong Kong), where the use of smart technologies is flourishing, are included in the study. The survey on car parking apps is preliminary due to their relative short deployment in Asia. It is expected that the phenomena will quickly spread in the region as more smart cities are developed.Originality/valueBy expounding on the development of modern parking technologies in smart cities, the important influence of car parks as a strategic facility toward solving traffic congestion and environmental problems is brought to the attention of policy makers, in particular the influencing factors affecting strategies to promote the use of parking apps.

Influences of Knowledge Sharing in Improving Facilities Management Performance of Private Finance Initiative Projects

Influences of Knowledge Sharing in Improving Facilities Management Performance of Private Finance Initiative Projects

Improving Janitorial Contract Performance with Facility Management Performance Scorecards

ABSTRACT Facility Manager (FM) role requires expertise in various aspects of facility maintenance. Due to the diverse job functions as an FM, outsourcing and hiring external vendors is a common practice in the industry to gain additional expertise. Since a facility manager oversees the external vendor's contract and the performance of the external vendor directly affects the quality of a facility, the FM's performance is ultimately related to the performance of the outsourcing company. Hence, it is critical to measure performance and the quality of the services provided by the outsourcing company. One of the FM's at a corporation (XYZ Corporation) was faced with a challenge of low performance and poor quality on their outsourced janitorial contract. The literature review revealed that there has been very little research done with regard to outsourcing of the janitorial contract. In order to address the challenge of XYZ Corporation a performance measurement model was implemented using performance Scorecards at XYZ Corporation for janitorial contracts. The Scorecard was developed based on the previous experience of the FM group, the researchers and the specific areas targeted by XYZ Corporation that were part of janitorial vendors responsibility. This paper presents the impact of the performance measurement model on the quality and performance of the janitorial vendor and its expansion to other outsourcing contractors based on the lessons learned from the janitorial contracts. The study revealed that the implementation of a performance measurement model resulted in an overall improvement of the performance of janitorial vendor and the contractors.

Occupancy-driven facility management and building performance analysis

Occupancy-driven facility management and building performance analysis

Performance measurement scale for facilities management service in Lagos-Nigeria

PurposeLiterature established that applicable parameters must be used in determining facilities management (FM) performance in any market; otherwise, findings could be confusing and misleading. This is particularly relevant to Nigeria where FM application is in its infancy and seriously constrained by particular socio-economic conditions which make it prone to crises situations such as frequent power outages and surges, abundance of fake and adulterated construction materials and equipment, heavy presence of unqualified artisans, poor transparency and terribly chaotic and unpredictable traffic to mention a few. Hence, this research aims to identify contextual parameters for evaluating performance of FM service in office buildings in Lagos, reflecting these peculiarities.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopts survey design, using self-administered questionnaires that were served on building occupants. Means and standard deviation were used in the analyses. Factor analysis was used in identifying the important factors or constructs and to confirm the practical significance of the measures.FindingsThe study developed a multi-item scale of 41 measures for evaluating performance of facilities managers in offices in Lagos, Nigeria. The scale comprises three major dimensions, i.e. “financial”, “quality of service” and “crises response and management”. Using factor analysis, the study identified five important factors, two of which (comprising ten new measures) have not been featured in previous studies.Practical implicationsThe developed performance measurement scales (PMS) can be applied to FM performance evaluation, management and control in the Nigerian context. The PMS and identified factors would also aid FM policy formulation, resource allocation and facilities review.Originality/valueThe research is considered the first to develop a PMS for FM in office facilities in Lagos, Nigeria. The new factors and measures that were uncovered in the study makes it possible to evaluate the Nigerian facility manager’s ability to manage the near-crises challenges imposed by the peculiar socio-economic context. Furthermore, the scale adopts simplistic financial success criteria, which makes it relevant and easy to use for the poor financial record disclosing and research-averse Nigerian audience. It is also more relevant to the less strategic and more operational task-based Nigerian FM context and by extension, to the context of other developing countries with similar socio-economic features.

The Study of HDM-4 Applied in Taiwan Area National Freeway Maintenance and Management

Taiwan Highway System experiences successively investment of few decades in government. After the first national highway-Chung Shan, the Second national highway, twelve west to east freeway and western seaside freeway go to operation, the road network is gradually complete. The road engineering changes the style from new construction to maintenance management. In recent years, because the government public construction budget reduce year by year, so road agencies should be emphasizing facilities management and enhancing construction performance that keeping highway transits service quality with the constraints of budget limitations. World Bank carries on a series of project researches to the road in 1968 and develops the related evaluation module. In HDM-4, it provides the extensive module application and explicit method in the stages such as planning, programming, preparation and operation etc. It provides a reference that road agencies carry on related decision. HDM-4 provide user to adjusting with different region parameter such as weather, environment...etc. So this tool can be applicable to more widespread region. When the related pavement maintenance systems are not satisfactory, how to use the international identify tool help Taiwans highway maintenance management. It is very interesting and workable research. We use HDM-4 to collect and analyze Guan-Xi regions Highway No.3 network data, traffic characteristic and cost related information. Through this knowledge, we can adjust the HDM-4s parameter to suit Taiwans condition. Besides, we review technical literature and experts experience to determine on maintenance alternates. We use adjusted mode with real highway budget to determine the threshold of routine and period maintenance. Considering maintenance cost, user cost and highway economy to decide suitable threshold. Finally, base on the best maintenance strategies to explain the relation between maintenance budget and performance. Base on this result, we can determine the budget allotting criteria to reach the biggest economy benefit of the resource.

Assessment of Facilities Management (FM) Performance in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

Performance management has a strong relationship with facilities management practices. The unclear information of the method of managing performance in higher education properties is emerged the research to be undertaken. IIUM Properties Facilities Management Services (IPFMS) has been entrusted to lead the new concept of out-sourcing on higher learning institution facilities management. Initially, IIUM Properties Sdn Bhd (IPSB) is a wholly owned subsidiary of IIUM Holdings Sdn Bhd was established in 2001 has team up with external company Global Facilities Management Sdn Bhd (GFM) as a technical partner to manage the operation and maintenance of the IIUM. In order to identify the relationship and the implementation of FM performance in IIUM by using the outsourcing concept, this research has been carried out. The objective of doing this research is to identify the method FM performance management in IIUM as the public university that promotes their subsidies self managed. The findings revealed that performance management practices is systematically established, implemented and enforced as part of their quality objectives achievements by introduced the performance indicators and using the four tested research variables which are flexibility, effectiveness, efficiency and creativity. The opinions gathered from respondents are very encouraging. The information is obtained from FM personnel in multiple disciplines and customer (students, ordinary staff and public) where the results are thoroughly analyzed. From the findings, the author anticipate that this paper would provide better understanding and perception to the readers as part of the FM performance management in higher education properties and the extent of its benefits as well.

A process‐oriented analysis of facility management services in hospitals as a basis for strategic planning

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe research which investigated the interdependencies between facility management performance and costs, and primary processes in hospitals. Through the implementation of the German diagnosis related grouping (DRG) system and the resulting cost pressure, the need for optimized use and operation of the spatial resources in hospitals is growing. In the DRG system, the provision of ready to use infrastructure is treated as a fixed cost and is allocated to patient cases by a single cost driver. In reality, very different services are needed to provide ready to use functional space.Design/methodology/approachA primary activity based cost model for facility management (FM) services in relation to functional space units in the hospital is developed. Using process and cost data of an empiric research study from four German hospitals, a model is developed for a key functional space unit in the hospital, the operation unit. The relevant FM services structured by a product‐oriented approach are determined by real data. For these services, process figures are derived and implemented in a basic cost estimation model. The cost estimation model is compared to the cost approach of the DRG system.FindingsIn an explorative study, the model provides an approach for a patient focused cost allocation of FM services for the operation unit. Depending on the time spectrum of operations great differences between this approach and the legal cost allocation approached in Germany can be determined. One way for hospitals to face the consequences may be the determination and optimization of relevant FM services according to a primary process portfolio.Research limitations/implicationsThe activity based cost model should be developed for further space units in the hospital. Thus, a holistic approach to FM and strategic planning of space and FM services could be achieved. Further, the explorative study should be enlarged to a greater database for the development of general key figures for FM in relation to the primary processes.Practical implicationsThe model can be used by hospitals for strategic planning of the FM costs and services in relation to the capacity and utilization of the operation unit. The impact of changes of the primary performance portfolio on the utilization of corresponding infrastructure can be simulated. Thus, cost data can be made available to support strategic decisions.Originality/valueThere is no existing cost model for the hospital considering FM in a holistic way in relation to the primary processes.