Role Of Facilitator Research Articles

Learning from simulation: pedagogical principles and presuppositions in nursing and nautical education

ABSTRACT In current simulation research, post-simulation discussions, so called debriefings, have been shown to be an effective means to learn from simulated experience. However, there is less consensus about which educational methods would guarantee successful debriefing outcomes. This article conducts a comparative study of post-simulation discussions in two professions with a longstanding history of simulation training: nursing and nautical education. We combine a literature review with a survey-based investigation (N = 168) to understand how instructors and facilitators implement their pedagogical ideas in debriefing practice. The results reveal consensus on the importance of debriefings, a shared emphasis on creating a space for self-reflection on practice in groups across practice areas. At the same time, differences emerge between nursing and nautical education in relation to the role of facilitators, focus on learning objectives, and views on instructional feedback and storytelling, both between and within educational fields.

Integral Role of Chest Physiotherapy and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Improving the Oxygenation Index and Quality of Life of Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report

Integral Role of Chest Physiotherapy and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Improving the Oxygenation Index and Quality of Life of Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report

The Role of Teachers in Promoting Autonomous Language Learning: The Case Of Addis Ababa Science And Technology University

Nowadays promoting autonomous learning has become an important aspect of education. This study aimed to investigate the roles of the teachers in promoting autonomous English language learning at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University. Its emphasis was on the roles of facilitator, guide/mentor, and inspirator/supporter and to what extent supporting environment helping to promote autonomous language learning are available and are used effectively. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 313 freshmen engineering students at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University where 24 students participated in FGD. Furthermore, an interview was conducted with four teachers to obtain supplementary data and for triangulation. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS and the qualitative data obtained from FGD and interview was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that teachers were involved in very limited practices that promote autonomous language learning and used available supporting facilities ineffectively. As facilitators, teachers did not offer necessary assistance on learning plans and objectives and in evaluating their own learning and progress. As a guide/mentor, teachers’ assistance in providing alternative learning strategies and references was bound to the module and course outline. As an inspirator/supporter of autonomous learning teachers were weak on being positive and supportive when giving feedback, encouraging students to keep a written record of their learning, and acknowledging different ways students follow to attain their goal and their own learning styles. Hence offering teachers professional development programs on how to promote autonomous language learning will help develop learner autonomy.

The role of technology in the skills and creativity of chefs

This research note addresses a gap in current research on the role of technology in restaurants, which often focuses on operational benefits and customer experience rather than the experiential impact on chefs. Based on an exploratory qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews with chefs, the study explores how chefs perceive the influence of integrating technological tools in their future practices and the impact on their skills and creativity. The findings provide insights into the facilitative and destructive roles of technology. The paper contributes to the understanding of how and why technology enhances and inhibits human skills and creativity, thus guiding businesses in hospitality about the adoption of technology in restaurants.

‘While Strictly Speaking It Is Illegal, You Can Work as Long as You Want’: How Platform Facades Enable Gig Workers to Comply With, Bend and Break Migration Rules

ABSTRACTMigrant workers are frequently viewed as passive recipients of immigration controls. Bringing together three strands of the migration literature, namely the structuralist, agency and temporal perspectives, we analyse how migrant workers in the Australian gig economy navigate immigration controls and labour market barriers, thereby advancing debates on gig work and migration. We examine migrant workers' (non)compliance with working rights restrictions and their adherence to, or disregard for, local rules and regulations. Drawing upon 38 interviews with 30 migrants working via ‘emerging’ food‐delivery platforms, which use ‘platform facades’—an original concept this article develops—rather than comprehensive algorithmic architectures, we find these workers use these platforms' relative lax compliance regimes, independent contractor engagement‐model and work practices to circumvent migration restrictions, with co‐ethnic networks playing a facilitative role. The findings highlight the importance of temporal orientations and migration intentions for understanding migrant gig workers' (non)compliance behaviours.

User requirements for research data management services in Myanmar university libraries: A case study of the University of Yangon Library

University libraries in Myanmar are developing research data management services (RDMS) to support and boost the country's research and development. This paper reports on a research study that aims to identify and understand user requirements for RDMS. The University of Yangon Library (UYL) was selected as the research case, and 40 faculty members, research students, and library workers were approached and interviewed. The analysis of interview data adopted a thematic approach and used two analytic tools: coding for tagging and interpreting data; and concept map for visualising and demonstrating the progress of analysis. The analysis discerned 12 RDMS requirements in four theoretical themes: research data management planning, research data collection, research data processing and analysis, and research data preservation and sharing. Moreover, the analysis indicated that, to support the development of RDMS, libraries should enact three different roles, namely, participative role, educational and consultative role, and facilitative role. Also, practical implications were drawn from the analysis and suggested a three-stage action plan for RDMS development at the case library. Although this study focuses on libraries in Myanmar universities, the findings provide useful insights and implications for university libraries in other countries.

Implementation of the Problem-Based Learning Model in Islamic Education Subjects to Enhance Students' Problem-Solving Skills

The phenomenon of low problem-solving abilities among students at SMPN 8 Lebong, especially in the subject of Islamic Religious Education and Character Education, has become the main concern of this study. Students often struggle to relate religious concepts to everyday problems, resulting in underdeveloped critical thinking skills and problem-solving abilities. This study also aims to evaluate the impact of applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on enhancing students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is interactive data analysis, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity is tested using triangulation, by comparing data from various sources to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of the study indicate that: 1) The planning of the PBL model successfully created learning scenarios relevant to students’ everyday lives, facilitating the development of their problem-solving skills. 2) The implementation of PBL was active with group discussions, case studies, and the application of deep problem-solving, enhancing collaboration among students. 3) Evaluation shows that the application of PBL improved students’ problem-solving abilities, with evidence of better problem analysis and more effective solutions. 4) This research shows that the application of the PBL model at SMPN 8 Lebong has a positive impact on improving students’ problem-solving abilities. The main supporting factors for the implementation of PBL include active student involvement, the role of an effective facilitator, and the application of relevant technology. However, there are also some inhibiting factors, such as limited resources, the lack of teacher training related to PBL, and time management challenges that affect the smoothness of the learning process.

Running Collaborative Competence Groups - Exploring Experiences From Five Countries

Collaborative competence group (CCG) is a research method within the collaborative research tradition. These groups are in line with a co-creation approach in which multiple stakeholders contribute to finding solutions to shared problems. Although CCGs have increased in use over the past decades, research on this method is limited. In this article, we explore and discuss the development and work in CCGs in an Erasmus + founded project: Co-creation through social inclusion in education (COSI.ed). The CCGs have been conducted in five countries over a three-year period: Denmark, Norway, Poland, Portugal and Spain. We have analyzed documents used in the CCG work and focus group discussions among the CCG facilitators. The findings show how it is essential to recruit adequate stakeholders and how the network can contribute as gatekeepers in this identification. Preparation for the CCG meetings is essential, and a close collaboration with the main project team is crucial. A feedback loop is created by requesting feedback from the main project team and bringing back feedback from the CCG discussions. The facilitators experienced that it could be challenging to involve all stakeholders in the discussions. We discuss how it is possible to foster solutions for sustainable CCGs. We also discuss the challenges and possibilities associated with the facilitator role. Moreover, challenges related to the power imbalance are discussed. We conclude that CCGs can be used as a tool for co-creation in collaborative research within a broad range of disciplines.

Meta-analysis reveals global variations in plant diversity effects on productivity.

Positive effects of plant diversity on productivity have been globally demonstrated and explained by two main effects: complementarity effects and selection effects1-4. However, plant diversity experiments have shown substantial variation in these effects, with driving factors poorly understood4-6. On the basis of a meta-analysis of 452 experiments across the globe, we show that productivity increases on average by 15.2% from monocultures to species mixtures with an average species richness of 2.6; net biodiversity effects are stronger in grassland and forest experiments and weaker in container, cropland and aquatic ecosystems. Of the net biodiversity effects, complementarity effects and selection effects contribute 65.6% and 34.4%, respectively. Complementarity effects increase with phylogenetic diversity, the mixing of nitrogen-fixing and non-nitrogen-fixing species and the functional diversity of leaf nitrogen contents, which indicate the key roles of niche partitioning, biotic feedback and abiotic facilitation in complementarity effects. More positive selection effects occur with higher species biomass inequality in their monocultures. Complementarity effects increase over time, whereas selection effects decrease over time, and they remain consistent across global variations in climates. Our results provide key insights into understanding global variations in plant diversity effects on productivity and underscore the importance of integrating both complementarity and selection effects into strategies for biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration.

Acute aerobic exercise enhances associative learning in regular exercisers but not in non-regular exercisers.

Physical exercise has repeatedly been reported to have advantageous effects on brain functions, including learning and memory formation. However, objective tools to measure such effects are often lacking. Eyeblink conditioning is a well-characterized method for studying the neural basis of associative learning. As such, this paradigm has potential as a tool to assess to what extent exercise affects one of the most basic forms of learning. Until recently, however, using this paradigm for testing human subjects in their daily life was technically challenging. As a consequence, no studies have investigated how exercise affects eyeblink conditioning in humans. Here we hypothesize that acute aerobic exercise is associated with improved performance in eyeblink conditioning. Furthermore, we explored whether the effects of exercise differed for people engaging in regular exercise versus those who were not. We conducted a case-control study using a smartphone-based platform for conducting neurometric eyeblink conditioning in healthy adults aged between 18 and 40 years (n = 36). Groups were matched on age, sex, and education level. Our primary outcome measures included the amplitude and timing of conditioned eyelid responses over the course of eyeblink training. As a secondary measure, we studied the amplitude of the unconditioned responses. Acute exercise significantly enhanced the acquisition of conditioned eyelid responses; however, this effect was only true for regularly exercising individuals. No statistically significant effects were established for timing of the conditioned responses and amplitude of the unconditioned responses. This study highlights a facilitative role of acute aerobic exercise in associative learning and emphasizes the importance of accounting for long-term exercise habits when investigating the acute effects of exercise on brain functioning.

The Committment of the Sumedang Social Service Department in Providing Social Services for Elderly in Sumedang Regency

Elderly in Sumedang Regency have their own uniqueness, the growth rate of elderly is getting higher, this requires a special program for the elderly for their survival to stay healthy and productive is very much needed for the elderly to remain productive in old age. This study aims to analyze the role of the Social Service in providing social services to the elderly in Sumedang Regency. The research method uses qualitative studies with descriptive analysis and has informants to support good research results and have novelty. The results of the study show that the Sumedang Regency Social Service has shown a commitment to overcoming the problem of neglected elderly through facilitative, educational, representational, and technical roles. This effort is expected to be able to provide appropriate attention and assistance to neglected elderly, so that they can live their old age with more dignity, be useful to society, and feel appreciated.

South Korea’s alignment shift under the competition between coalitional hegemonies: elite ideology, legitimation, and role conception

ABSTRACT This article explores how the legitimation efforts of the American and Chinese coalitional hegemonies have resonated within the ruling political elites in South Korea and shaped the role conceptions of Seoul. Those role conceptions have further shaped the contours of South Korea's strategic alignment as it strives to achieve strategic interests, especially with respect to North Korea. To demonstrate this argument, this article focuses on South Korea's contrasting responses to the competition between these coalitional hegemonies, with particular attention to the approaches of the progressive Moon Jae-in administration and the current conservative Yoon Suk Yeol administration. While the Moon administration sought to balance the two coalitional hegemonies, the Yoon administration has embraced a facilitative role in support of the United States (US)-led coalitional hegemony and has strengthened ties with like-minded democratic partners, thereby constituting the supporting constituency of the US-led coalitional hegemony in the Indo-Pacific region. While the Moon administration’s role as a balancer attempted to accommodate China as a means of engaging North Korea, the Yoon administration has sought to strengthen collective deterrence under the US-led coalitional hegemony against the North to respond to its nuclear threat.

Hearing Pronouns Primes Speakers to Use Pronouns.

Speaking requires frequent decisions about how to refer, for example whether to use a pronoun (she) or a name (Ana). It is well known that this choice is guided by the discourse context, but little is known about the representations that are activated. We use priming to test whether this choice can be facilitated through recent exposure, and if so, what representations are activated. In a storytelling task, participants take turns with experimenters telling a story that is illustrated in 2-panel cartoons. The first sentence is given, and participants describe the second panel in their own words. We manipulate whether the experimenter used a pronoun or name in the prior story. Experiment 1 provides the first evidence in the literature that reference form choice can be primed, and that it is not dependent on the syntactic position of the antecedent. However, the effect is not finely tuned to the preceding prime. Instead, exposure at the start of the experiment persists throughout, even when the prime changes. Experiments 2 and 3 further show that exposure to pronoun primes result in greater pronoun use than at baseline, but that there is no sensitivity to the prime on the most recent trial. Results argue against a role for production facilitation in pronoun use, which suggests that reference production is not impacted by production efficiency.

Diacylglycerol kinase ζ is a positive insulin secretion regulator in pancreatic β-cell line MIN6

Some isoforms of diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (DGK), an enzyme converting DAG into phosphatidic acid, i.e., DGKα, γ and δ, have been reportedly involved in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function. DGKζ has also been reported to be expressed in rat pancreatic β-cells. However, its function in pancreatic β-cells remains unknown. The present study aimed to elucidate the function of DGKζ in pancreatic β-cells. The expression of DGKζ was detected in the β-cell line MIN6B and mouse pancreatic islets and in the cytoplasmic fraction from MIN6B cells. The knockdown of DGKζ with siRNA significantly decreased glucose-induced insulin secretion in MIN6B cells. The induction of DGKζ expression in MIN6CEon1 cells with a doxycycline-inducible stable expression system significantly increased glucose-induced insulin secretion. In contrast, glucose-induced insulin secretion was not changed when a kinase-dead DGKζ mutant (G356D) was overexpressed in MIN6CEon1 cells, indicating that a mechanism dependent on its kinase activity mediates the facilitatory effect of DGKζ on glucose-induced insulin secretion. Additionally, we revealed that DGKζ overexpression exhibited no effect on cell cycle of MIN6 cells. These results suggest that DGKζ plays a facilitatory role in insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells.

A Study on the role of financial inclusion facilitation by the central bank for co-operatives at Villupuram

A Study on the role of financial inclusion facilitation by the central bank for co-operatives at Villupuram

School Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Algebra Tiles to Operations on Integers

This paper is based on the first author’s (researcher) experience as a mathematics teacher trainer based on his M.Ed. ‘Internship course.’ The second author being the course facilitator has played a facilitative role in the development of the training module and the successful conduction of Teacher Professional Development (TPD) sessions. This study aimed to explore perspectives on the use of algebra tiles (as physical manipulatives) to basic arithmetic operations on integers - addition ( ), subtraction ( ), multiplication ( ), and division ( ), based on the experiences of 22 school mathematics teachers of Kathmandu, Nepal (who participated in TPD). This study utilized a qualitative research technique, Concrete-Representational-Abstract (C-R-A) instructional sequence, and triangulation. The data generation tools were participant observations, researcher-participant interaction, participant worksheets, reflection forms, end-reflection videos, and photos. The data analysis unveiled that the participants had a positive outlook towards the use of algebra tiles (as physical manipulatives), and they viewed it as effective concerning operations on integers. As a result, the participants were motivated enough and were determined to apply it in their mathematics classroom teaching, even though it would be difficult to implement it properly due to time constraints – cost, availability, time, and management. However, the participants suggested Book Free Day - an initiative introduced (2023, April 27) by Kathmandu Metropolitan City, where students go to school without books and bags every Friday, and remedial teaching as the most appropriate occasions to implement algebra tiles properly.

Leksiniai veiksmažodžiai lietuvių sakytiniame akademiniame diskurse: dėstytojų pozicijos švelninimas humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų seminaruose

This study investigates the use of lexical verbs as hedging devices in Lithuanian academic discourse, based on data from the VuSemCorp corpus, which comprises seminar texts from the humanities (philosophy, literature, linguistics) and social sciences (sociology, political science, communication studies). The analysis focuses on the frequency, semantic categories, and pragmatic functions of lexical verbs in lecturers’ speech. Findings reveal that lecturers strategically employ lexical verbs to acknowledge alternative interpretations, soften criticism and directives, and demonstrate politeness. Hedging their utterances enables lecturers to adopt the role of guides or facilitators rather than authoritarian figures, thereby cultivating an open, interactive, and collaborative learning environment. An interdisciplinary perspective highlights that the use of lexical verbs for hedging varies by discipline. Sociology, linguistics, and philosophy demonstrated the highest frequency and diversity of hedging verbs. Lecturers in these fields showed a pronounced tendency to soften statements using first-person singular and plural forms, marking their subjective opinions and sharing interpretative responsibility with students. This linguistic strategy reflects a stronger emphasis on engaging students in co-constructing knowledge specific to these disciplines. Additionally, this article emphasizes the roles of (inter)subjectivity, politeness, and speaker commitment in the relatively understudied domain of Lithuanian spoken academic discourse. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how hedging shapes communication dynamics in academic settings.

The limits of artificial intelligence: prospects and challenges in the clinical workplace

Purpose of review Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly prevalent in the clinical workplace, a trend that is likely to continue with the amount of attention and resources these technologies receive. This review of 22 articles from the last 18 months takes stock of not only the prospects but also the challenges for clinicians resulting from AI integration. Recent findings While the technology matures rapidly, insights into organizational processes and user readiness and involvement in AI development, implementation, and deployment lag behind. AI impact assessments often focus narrowly on task efficiency, overlooking the derived effect of additional workload elsewhere. Additionally, the issue of the distribution of responsibility between humans and AIs poses a fundamental ethical, legal, and political challenge. Research acknowledges the need to consider healthcare professionals’ diverse roles and sociocultural backgrounds to avoid AI exacerbating existing inequalities among the clinical workforce and, ultimately, the patients cared for. Summary Decision-makers should involve users throughout the entire AI life cycle, from the early stages of AI development to continuous postdeployment impact assessment on workload. More research is needed on AI's cost-effectiveness, integration into clinical practice, and the role of diversity-aware facilitation in realizing its potential.

Analisis Peran Dinas Sosial dalam Menanggulangi Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

This research aims to determine the role of the Social Service in alleviating poverty in South Bengkulu Regency. The method used in this research is a qualitative method, collecting field data using observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, in data analysis, researchers used techniques proposed by Miles and Huberman (1992) who stated that activities in qualitative data analysis were carried out interactively and continued continuously until completion. The activities carried out in data analysis were: data collection, data reduction, presenting data, drawing conclusions and verifying data. The informants in this research consisted of 6 employees of the South Bengkulu Regency Social Service. Based on the research results, it is known that the South Bengkulu Regency Social Service has tried quite well to overcome existing poverty. This can be seen from the poverty rate in South Bengkulu which continues to decline every year, such as in 2021 the poverty rate was 18.54%, in 2022 it was 17.86%, and in 2023 it was 17.51%. The roles in question are: Facilitator Role, Educational Role, Representative Role, and Technical Role. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the role of social services as a social institution that plays a role in alleviating poverty has been implemented well enough to reduce the poverty rate in South Bengkulu District every year. The roles in question are: facilitator role, educational role, representative role, technical role.

Next-Gen Teacher Growth: Exploring Online Professional Development

The current study explores perceptions and effectiveness of online professional development (OPD) opportunities at higher education institution, thus closing a substantial gap in current literature about the OPD preferences among English as a second language (ESL) lecturers. Professional development is a cornerstone approach to enhancing teacher competence and has gradually moved from traditional face-to-face sessions to online platforms particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although vast research is available on teacher professional development in Malaysia, study into the experiences of language lecturers at higher education institutions with OPD remains scant. This qualitative study which involved seven lecturers from a private university utilized semi-structured interviews to obtain fuller narratives of their perceptions of OPD. In general, findings indicated that although most lecturers had little experience of online professional learning, they held a positive attitude to the possible benefits it could offer. Further analysis identified four major themes for discussion, namely the relevance and effectiveness of OPD, the role of facilitators in enhancing OPD outcomes, the importance of classroom engagement and interaction, as well as professional development effectiveness and growth through OPD. The findings from the study highlighted the usefulness, trials, and room for improvement within OPD programs and suggests that future initiatives should be specifically tailored to consider the ever-evolving needs of diverse groups of teachers in order to maximize the effectiveness of any professional development initiative.