Face Of Violence Research Articles

What children exposed to domestic violence value when meeting social workers: A practice‐oriented systematic research review

AbstractChildren exposed to domestic violence (DV) face a heightened risk of many types of short‐ and long‐term problems. Social workers can limit these risks if the support and help they offer is perceived as valuable by the child. The aims of this review were to identify what children exposed to DV value when meeting social workers, to suggest how this knowledge can be used in practice by professionals dedicated to working with these children and to identify and suggest key areas of focus for future research. A synthesis of 18 studies reveals that, in meetings with social workers, children exposed to DV value (1) basic requirements, (2) inclusion, (3) acknowledgement and (4) enjoyment. This review offers a smorgasbord of opportunities for practitioners to meet the wishes and needs of these children. However, comparative research is needed to facilitate adaptation and to distinguish between elements valued by children that are core prerequisites for helping them disclose their experiences and/or aiding their recovery and elements that are less crucial but still valued.

Forced Fallow Fields: Making Meaningful Life in the Myanmar Spring Revolution

ABSTRACT Women’s everyday work is critical to revolutionary projects yet is often written out of war stories. This article draws on a participatory photography project with rural women in Myanmar to show how, in the face of extensive violence, women’s productive and social reproductive labour sustains both individual households and revolutionary projects writ-large. We highlight the everyday acts of love and labour that generate affective and productive ties to rural landscapes, enabling people to endure violence and imagine a better future. Our work shows how making meaningful life has become both more difficult and more urgent during the Myanmar Spring Revolution.

‘A Daughter is Like a Pot of Fish Paste While a Son is Like Pure Gold’: Gendered Conceptions of ‘Human Dignity’ in Cambodia

ABSTRACT The concept of human dignity is not universally understood and has many different meanings across diverse contexts. This article interrogates conceptions of human dignity in Cambodia by drawing on original interviews and focus groups and analysing references to ‘dignity’ in Cambodian law and cultural practices. Using the concept of ‘dignitarian feminism,’ it explores how patriarchal interpretations of social, cultural, and religious norms in Cambodia interact with and shape understandings of women’s dignity. It demonstrates that human dignity emerges as diverse, highly gendered, and heavily influenced by Cambodia’s patriarchal interpretation of social, cultural, and religious norms. While ideas of ‘intrinsic’ human dignity and gender equality are framed as valuable aspirations, in practice, understandings of women’s human dignity are shaped by patriarchal norms centred on ‘virtuous’ behaviour, women’s class, socio-economic status, and experience of violence. Such framings restrict women’s ability to exercise agency, their opportunities, and their ability to access justice in the face of violence. Ongoing feminist engagement with the risks of restrictive interpretations of fundamental human rights norms is necessary for women and gender minorities to have their intrinsic human dignity respected regardless of their attributes, life experiences, and backgrounds.

The Relationship between Violence and Participation in Armed Conflict

This paper systematically and empirically explores participation in the first 10 ‎months of the Croatian Homeland War through theories of collective action. ‎It tests the theory that in the face of indiscriminate violence, individuals will ‎choose to participate in a conflict through joining an armed organization that‎ can provide them with the resources to better survive. I hypothesize that as‎ violence increases in a given area, the number of individuals joining the Croatian‎ military forces will also increase. Using a dataset of daily event data and‎ the number of participants per municipality, I test this hypothesis in a generalized ‎linear model. The results show a significant relationship exists between ‎violent events and increased participation.‎

Protection of the rights of orphans and children deprived of parental care during hostilities

The article examines the issue of protecting the rights of orphans and children deprived of parental care during military operations. Particular attention was paid to the legislation of Ukraine on the social protection of orphans and children deprived of parental care, in particular: the Constitution of Ukraine, the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Regarding the Protection of Children's Rights During a State of Emergency or Martial Law", "Convention on the Rights of the Child", the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On Approval of the Rules for Crossing the State Border by Citizens of Ukraine" and other legislative acts regulating legal relations related to the provision of material, social and legal assistance to orphans and children deprived of parental care . Children orphaned by war are the most vulnerable population in need of adequate protection and support. During the war, a large number of children lost their homes and parents, faced the horrors of war, got lost during bombings, evacuation from combat zones, went missing, were forcibly taken to the territory of the aggressor country and do not know anything about their parents, and all of them need proper protection from the state. They may face violence, hunger, disease and other challenges that threaten their lives and health. In addition, the widespread phenomenon of children going abroad, where the control procedure must also be ensured by the state both at the stage of preparation for departure and at the time of crossing the border. Children's travel abroad may be necessary for their safety and well-being. The state must also ensure the possibility of returning children to Ukraine if necessary. The authorities are obliged to ensure the realization of the rights of orphans and children deprived of parental care, in particular, by providing housing, food, medical care and education. Emphasis is placed on facilitating the provision of reliable protection and assistance to orphans and children deprived of parental care through the creation of chatbots by UNICEF (UN).

Inter(national) recommendations to face violence against women and girls in COVID-19 pandemic

This article is an integral part of the research "Violence in the context of COVID-19: global challenges and vulnerabilities", which proposes a critical reflection on situations of gender-based violence increased by social distancing protocols, required by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a 2020 literature survey, we have analyzed recommendations made by researchers and institutions from different countries around the world, with the aim of systematizing and disseminating strategies to deal with this scenario. The material is organized into two thematic areas, namely: gender policies and intersectoral actions; and strategies to face violence against women and children in the health and social work field. The recommendations are focused on the development of actions by States/governments, service networks and society in general. Part of the recommendations suggest increasing or adapting existing surveillance actions and part of them contribute with creative proposals, guiding promotional and preventive actions at an individual and collective level. The adoption of teleassistance, media campaigns raising awareness that violence is unjustifiable and the development of reporting strategies through signs and codes have been reiterated in the literature.

Recomendações inter(nacionais) para enfrentamento a violências contra mulheres e meninas na pandemia de COVID-19

Abstract This article is an integral part of the research “Violence in the context of COVID-19: global challenges and vulnerabilities”, which proposes a critical reflection on situations of gender-based violence increased by social distancing protocols, required by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a 2020 literature survey, we have analyzed recommendations made by researchers and institutions from different countries around the world, with the aim of systematizing and disseminating strategies to deal with this scenario. The material is organized into two thematic areas, namely: gender policies and intersectoral actions; and strategies to face violence against women and children in the health and social work field. The recommendations are focused on the development of actions by States/governments, service networks and society in general. Part of the recommendations suggest increasing or adapting existing surveillance actions and part of them contribute with creative proposals, guiding promotional and preventive actions at an individual and collective level. The adoption of teleassistance, media campaigns raising awareness that violence is unjustifiable and the development of reporting strategies through signs and codes have been reiterated in the literature.

Rights for all? Living conditions and (de)citizenship of adults with intellectual and complex disabilities in Portugal.

In 2009, Portugal ratified the UN CRPD and a turn to a rights-based approach in disability law and policy has intensified since. It thus becomes important to understand whether these legal changes are furthering the social inclusion of adults with intellectual and complex disabilities. Questionnaires were applied to a stratified sample of 127 adults with intellectual and complex disabilities attending social care and vocational training programmes across the country. Participants reported low rates of social participation, and many (49%) were found to live below the poverty line. High rates of discrimination and violence and feelings of loneliness and sadness were also reported, which can be strong indicators of the oppression that many of them daily endure. Adults with intellectual and complex disabilities in Portugal face exclusion, discrimination, and violence. The poverty and isolation in which many of them live compounds their (de)citizenship status in Portuguese society.

Accompaniment in the Gender and Social Discrimination of Migrant Women Victims of Gender-Based Violence: From Bibliography to Situated Key in Burgos, Spain

Migrant women who experience gender-based violence face a framework of social vulnerability that is compounded by their status as both women and migrants, requiring specific attention in social support. The aim of this study is to understand the situation of women in the social and health access realm, drawing from scientific literature as well as the voices of migrant women and professionals who support them, in order to establish priority guidelines for social support. The study begins with a bibliographic analysis of scientific literature on migrant women who have experienced gender-based violence, which informs six interviews with migrant women and five professionals, delving into their social needs and support requirements. The most prominent results point to the need for sustained and interdisciplinary support throughout the process of accessing healthcare and legal services. In addition, there is a call for social awareness in understanding the specific and personal needs of migrant women. Finally, educational support is required to dismantle patriarchal beliefs that legitimize gender discrimination and violence, avoiding re-victimization and acknowledging the multi-dimensional nature of women’s experiences.

Intimate partner violence in India: a study of associated factors

PurposeIntimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global phenomenon. IPV is a public health, social policy and human rights concern across the globe. It remains a serious issue in Indian context as well. This paper aims to identify the factors associated with IPV using India’s nationally representative National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data.Design/methodology/approachTo identify the factors associated with IPV in India, the authors have used binary logistic regression to estimate two models. The outcome variables are women facing physical violence in the first model and sexual violence in the second. The explanatory variables are broadly socio-economic indicators related to the women and a few other indicators related to the characteristics of the household.FindingsThe authors found that urban and working women face higher odds of violence. Alcohol consumption by the husband increases the risks of IPV, whereas risk decreases with women’s autonomy. Even though the prevalence of physical and sexual violence has decreased by 6.8% and 3.9% from 2005–2006 to 2019–2021, the data shows that women across social, economic and regions still face violence from their partners. However, the physical violence increased from 2015–2016 to 2019–2021.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is a distinct attempt to use pooled data of the nationally representative sets NFHS-3 (2005–2006), NFHS-4 (2015–2016) and NFHS-5 (2019–2021) to study the factors associated with IPV in India.

We will greet our enemy with rifles and roses: Charles Mills and the perpetual impact of the Racial Contract

ABSTRACT The following article positions the work of Charles Mills (1951–2021) as seminal to the development of critical race theory (CRT) in education. His groundbreaking contribution, The Racial Contract, has served as the foundation for understanding the myriad ways that white supremacy is central in the social contract championed by scholars of the Western European Enlightenment period. It is a ‘rifle’ in that it offers an unapologetically Black interruption to the necessity of refusal and resistance. The ‘rose’ of Dr. Mills’ work is always represented in his humor and commitment to joy in the face of violence and extreme hostility. The article names the genesis of my relationship with Dr. Mills as a newly hired professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago and through his mentorship of founding members of the Critical Race Studies in Education Association (CRSEA).

Breaking the silence on gendered harassment and assault of community health workers: an analysis of ethnographic studies

IntroductionAcross a variety of settings, women in tenuous financial circumstances are drawn to community health work as a way to advance themselves in the context of limited employment options. Female...

Print Internationalism's Uneasy Adjacencies

Print Internationalism's Uneasy Adjacencies

Indigenous people in urban context and historical memory: Paths for psychology indigenous people in urban context and psychology

This article summarizes the results of a doctoral thesis based on the psychosocial perspective and was justified by the indigenous presence in the city and the lack of public policies that respond to the real demands of the population. It aimed to investigate who the indigenous people are in an urban context and how historical memory is present in the construction of their identity, identifying them as a tool of resistance to colonization. Based on the Participation-Action-Research, the sources of information were field diaries and interviews with three indigenous representatives from two organized groups. From the Constructive-Interpretive Analysis, it can be concluded that the historical memory is configured as a tool in which it expands the identity dimension, making it possible to recognize oneself as an indigenous person from the historical records of memory, favoring the strengthening and resistance in the face of violence experienced in everyday life. In addition, the importance of collective spaces for strengthening the subject was evident.

“You can't thrive when you are being suffocated”: Quantitative and qualitative findings on minority stress in Kenyan queer womxn and trans men

AbstractMinority stress can negatively affect sexual and gender minorities' health and well‐being. Little is known about how the factors associated with minority stress influence the lived experiences of sexual and gender minorities in settings where stigma and discrimination are highly prevalent, and the legal context is restrictive.We conducted an online survey among 335 Kenyan queer womxn and trans men collecting data on internalized homophobia, outness, and LGBT shame and pride and supplemented these with 33 interviews among three stakeholder groups.We found that our sample showed overall lower levels of outness, higher levels of shame, and higher levels of internalized homophobia compared to sexual and gender minorities in other studies. Our qualitative data showed that queer womxn and trans men lack a sense of belonging and frequently face violence from various perpetrators.Understanding how minority stress affects the lived experiences of queer womxn and trans men in any context is important to advance mental health and well‐being; it is even more crucial in contexts that restrict the thriving of minorities through legislation, religion, and culture. Advancing the knowledge on minority stress is essential to address the challenges minorities face in these settings.

Daughters of Aataentsic: Life Stories from Seven Generations

Daughters of Aataentsic: Life Stories from Seven Generations

Thematic content analysis of lockdown and domestic violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Africa

South Africa has been battling the scourge of the COVID-19 Pandemic which has negatively affected many individuals and families. The South African government imposed a national lockdown to mitigate the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the lockdown also brought more challenges such as increased violence cases. Against this background, this study sought to analyse the COVID-19 lockdown and domestic violence in South Africa. A non-empirical research design was used where documents from search engines such as Google scholar, EBSCOhost and ProQuest were sampled and reviewed using keywords and phrases related to COVID-19, lockdown and domestic violence to filter relevant data, restricted to 2002-2022. The inductive Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) was used to analyze the collected data. Findings reveal that the South African Lockdown has contributed to the rise of domestic violence cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results further indicate that victims of domestic violence face psychosocial challenges due to domestic violence. Programs that are aimed at creating awareness and empowering victims of domestic violence are recommended by this study. It is further recommended that policies protecting citizens against domestic violence be reviewed and strengthened.

The Moral Imagination of the Mahabharata. By Nikhil Govind

The Moral Imagination of the Mahabharata is an important contribution to the study of Indic epics. Since the Mahabharata’s conception, commentaries and performative retellings, vernacular formulations, modern and contemporary dramatizations, cultural histories, philological and religious scholarship, and popular visual media like children’s books, films, and television have explored how and why this epic continues to capture the Indic world’s imagination. Nikhil Govind’s work stands out. He offers a fundamental methodological contribution to a crowded academic table where historians, literary critics, philosophers, and interdisciplinary scholars of pre-modern South Asia have been seated. Today, if you are ready to pay keen attention to how the Mahabharata imagines itself and its moral ethos, you are welcome to the table. The organisation of this book into four neat, seemingly thematic, chapters—dharma, artha, kama, and moksha—is undone as the main thesis develops. Through a detailed analysis of the affect-laden and rarely discussed narrative intricacies of the Mahabharata, Govind argues that neither one of the four themes can be said to over-determine the conceptual schema of the epic. The overarching plot of the Pandava–Kaurava war throws open many ethical questions: What does dharma mean in the face of great violence? Does the martial ethic preclude reflections on peace? What is divinity? And does the divine play a necessary role in human life and social organisation, to name a few? Govind suggests that straight-forwardly didactic answers offered by the many human and divine voices of the Mahabharata are best understood as invitations to conduct ‘a detailed enquiry of the value arrived at through varied narrative situations’ (p. 112) because of what he observes to be the ‘unpredictable worldliness of events, the messy twining of emotion and politics’ (p. 15) throughout the epic. Affect moves, carrying these contingent values, and thereby giving the Mahabharata an inter-relational texture. As the first two chapters demonstrate, concerns of moksha do not always trump those of artha and kama, concerns of artha do not always trump those of moksha and dharma, and most importantly, the rhetoric of destiny complicates any superficial reading of dharma as the sole determining force of human action and its moral legitimacy.

Gender-Based Violence in Punjab: An Analysis of Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act, 2016

Pakistan still has a patriarchal and feudal social structure where women face violence and discrimination for being women in every sphere of their lives. Over the decades, to reduce the violence and discrimination against women, the government have taken several legislative measures to ensure an improved and equal status for women, but the situation has not been much improved. It is argued that the underlying reason lies in the lack of will at the implementation stage, where male-dominated government institutions support the patriarchal structures. However, the government of Punjab took legislative measures, in the form of the Punjab Protection of Women against Violence Act (PPWVA) 2016, to protect women from violence and abuse, and to provide justice. The objective of this study is to analyse the situation of violence against women in Punjab and examine the formulation and implementation process of legislation in Punjab for the protection of women against violence, and suggest recommendations for effective implementation of the law.

Survival and Storytelling: Scheherazade and Lutfiya al-Dulaimi’s Saturn Ladies

This essay analyzes Lutfiya al-Dulaimi’s novel, Saturn Ladies, which explores the trauma, suffering, and difficulties faced by women in war and exile, particularly in Iraq during and after the US-led invasion. The author draws comparisons between the character of Hayat in the novel and Scheherazade from The Thousand and One Nights, highlighting the use of storytelling as a means of survival and resistance in the face of violence and oppression. Overall, the essay argues that Saturn Ladies revives the legacy of Scheherazade to communicate contemporary events and to keep the country’s history alive through storytelling.