Face Of Globalization Research Articles

Uma revisão do tributo e do seu estado da arte: os caminhos para a pós-modernidade

Este artigo tem como objetivo estabelecer uma argumentação em torno do tributo a partir dos pressupostos da pós-modernidade, onde se coloca em questão o debate contemporâneo sobre a construção de uma nova percepção da justiça fiscal. Com efeito, como supedâneo da modernidade, em um momento marcado pela emergência do Estado intervencionista, destacou-se como importante meio de solidariedade que marcou a sociedade pós-Revolução Industrial. Uma vez preenchido o vazio social e consolidados os valores da justiça e da democracia, no transcorrer do conturbado Século XX, a justiça fiscal passou a ser questionada em face da eclosão dos novos eventos sociopolíticos que marcaram a ordem internacional do pós-guerra. Desse modo, a permeabilidade dos sistemas tributários em um quadro marcado pela forte internacionalização da economia e pela mobilidade da riqueza levou a novo perfil da justiça fiscal. O deslocamento inexorável das bases tributáveis impôs uma revisão dos conceitos tradicionais da justiça fiscal e determinou uma nova estrutura dos sistemas tributários contemporâneos, colocando-os na zona cinzenta da pós-modernidade. Esse movimento, ainda em construção, evidencia uma ruptura com os valores do passado materializado na flexibilização das estruturas sociais. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e do método hipotético-dedutivo, esse trabalho evidencia as variáveis incidentes sobre a reformulação dos cânones da justiça fiscal em um momento de transição social.

Mapowanie zagrożeń epidemicznych jako przykład wielopostaciowości administracji publicznej

The article is dedicated to pointing out and discussing the challenges which are encountered by epidemiological supervisory authorities in the face of globalization. In the first part, an analysis of the International Health Regulations (IHR), which create the basis of the global epidemiological supervision, is presented. In the light of these regulations, the decision instruments necessary to estimate the risk in the case of infectious diseases will be determined. In the second part, the author discusses an extremely interesting problem connected with the so-called spatial epidemiology, which deals with mapping of the location and intensity of diseases. Determining the appropriate repositories, using information based on unofficial reports and activities of electronic media and community portals in it, will be important for the conducted analysis. It is significant, because more and more often the opinion that progress in fighting epidemics can be made through using the so-called cognitive surplus appearing on the basis of crowdsourcing in the decision making process is winning more and more popularity.

Entrepreneurship Courses on Gamification Strategies

In the learning process, the gamification strategy plays an important role in determining the achievement of learning objectives. Learning objectives will be achieved if students are able to engage in active communication both with their peers, facilitators, and with other learning resources. Characteristics of entrepreneurship courses include understanding and appreciation of entrepreneurship, the role of entrepreneurial mental attitude for self-improvement and institutions with core entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial mental attitude through the introduction of entrepreneurial characteristics, growing business interest and tips on successful entrepreneurs, making business plans and making business plans. The aim of entrepreneurship courses is to provide students with an understanding and appreciation of entrepreneurship that is increasingly felt important in the face of globalization. Gamification and entrepreneurship Having several links (1) gamification strategies can provide choices and control to students when making a plant business project, (2) gamification strategies can foster confidence in their ability to face and solve challenges, (3) gamification strategies provide material and key answers to entrepreneurship courses, (4) give appreciation for the additional learning taken, and (5) help students establish social interaction through leadership activities or other social interactions. This development research seeks to design a gamification strategy in entrepreneurship courses in the Indonesian Language and Literature Study Program, FKIP UNISDA Lamongan. The Gamification Strategy developed has four basic game components, namely the rules of gamification, feedback (leaderboards, prizes, and medals), goals, and challenges. This research includes the type of development research that uses the Lee and Owl model with the following stages, (1) analyzing needs, (2) pre-test and post-test analysis, (3) design, (4) development, (5) implementation, (6) evaluation. Results of developing a gamification strategy package (1) gamification strategy (2) Lecturer guidance (3) student guide (4) Entrepreneurship book.

Protectionist Trade Policies and Agricultural Productivity in WAEMU Countries

This paper assesses the effect of protectionist trade policies on the agricultural productivity of WAEMU countries from 1995 to 2016. A multiple linear regression model with panel data was used in this study.
 The estimations results indicate that the protectionist trade policy captured by State subsidy to agriculture and tax on the import of goods have a positive effect on agricultural productivity of WAEMU countries. In addition, the study reveals that sufficient availability of farm machinery and fertile soil would be of particular importance to the development of agricultural sector.
 In the face of globalization, these results encourage the adoption of a protectionist trade policy which would certainly improve the agricultural productivity in WAEMU countries.

Diversity in Globalism

The tone set for the symposium is cultural variety in face of globalization, as applied to design and urban planning. The theme, I think, can bereworded as diversity in post-modernity as expressed in contemporary art, architecture, urbanplanning, and other facets of culture.
 Post-modernity is both contemporary, i.e. belonging to our time, and contemporary as applied to the cultural period starting from the 1970’s tothe present. It is quite different from the term modern as in the modern art movement whichspans from about 1900 to 1970, and therefore very much part of history.

Temporary Labour Migration and the “Ceremony of Innocence” of Postwar Labour Law: Confronting “the South of the North”

AbstractThe article considers the temporary labour migration program in Canada, which catapults workers from the global South into work and wider relations in the global North, in the context of debates swirling around Anglo-American labour law. There is widespread consensus that labour law is experiencing a sustained moment of crisis in the face of neoliberal globalization. Not widely considered is how this crisis relates to temporary labour migration and the global South-North relationship and, in turn, how this relationship may impact emergent approaches tasked with transforming or transcending the field. Critical interventions seeking to confront the “southern question” within the socio-legal imaginary have gone largely unnoticed by labour law scholars. Transnational labour law may hold potential for an alternative account of the racialized production of unfree migrant labour. But only if its adherents can truly confront the dynamic unfolding through temporary labour migration—that of the “South of the North.”

RELEVANKAH PANCASILA DAN GLOBALISASI? MENGUNGKAP HUBUNGAN PANCASILA DAN IDENTITAS GLOBAL

This article discussed about globalization that eliminated physical borders between coun- tries in the world so that it considered a variable of social change in various fields. One of the important issues related to globalization was whether globalization related to things that were typical of a group, namely the value of the dominant group and has advantages in various aspects of life. Indonesian society has a distinctive value, namely Pancasila. The study method used Pearson correlation analysis to test two significance of two variables, knowing the strong-weak relationship, and knowing the amount of retribution and to explain the degree of relationship between indepen- dent variables with dependent variables. This article also discussed about the measurement the relationship between values formulated in Pancasila and correlated with the global identity. The results obtained that the higher score of Pancasila equal with the person global identity score. This happens to all values of Pancasila. These results could be a marker that the value of Pancasila relevant for Indonesian people in the face of globalization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um019v3i12018p074

Pursuing a Shared Future in the Face of Globalization: Four Essential Questions

This paper discusses the “four-question” framework (Bland, Powell, & Ross, Barriers to dispute resolution: reflections on peacemaking and relationships between adversaries, 2012) that we and our colleagues developed in working to promote constructive dialogue and difficult compromises on the part of groups engaged in seeming intractable conflicts in Northern Ireland and Israeli/Palestine. The key feature of this framework is the need for the vision of a bearable shared future and commitment to pursue that future. Three other features of this framework are the need to build trust that commitments will be honored, the need for parties to understand and acknowledge the losses each will bear in accepting that future, and the need for the parties to settle for less than they feel justice demands, but also address the most serious current sources of injustice. This framework, we suggest, provides a useful lens for understanding and bridging the political divides apparent today in the US and many other democratic countries facing not only the economic threats and losses that globalization has imposed on vulnerable groups, but also threats and losses relating to weakening of community life and feelings of personal dignity We also discuss the phenomenon of loss aversion (Kahneman & Tversky, 2000) and its role in creating susceptibility to the rhetoric of hate-mongering populist leaders. We note the obvious need to provide a decent standard of living and greater security for the most vulnerable, but the further need to do so in a non-humiliating manner, and we also address the need to distinguish acceptable imperfect, difficult compromises from unacceptable ones.

INTERKONEKSI ‘ULUM AL-DIIN, AL-FIKR AL-ISLAMIY, DIRASAT ISLAMIYYAH, DAN AL-‘ULUM AL-IJTIMAIYYAH SEBAGAI KOMPONEN KEILMUAN ISLAM

Abstract : Studying 'Ulum al-Diin (Religious Knowledge) is a must with the purpose of understanding about aspects relating to one's religion, while studying al-Fikr al-Islamiy (Islamic Thought) as the humanity of Islamic thinking which tends to use ratio, as well as applying in Dirasat Islamiyyah (Islamic Studies) armed with the paradigm of social science based on historical-empirical experience. While the position of al-'Ulum al-Ijtimaiyyah (Social Knowledge) as a real application in the social sphere of society. In the absence of real application as the application of al-'Ulum al-Ijtimaiyyah (Social Knowledge), the four components will not reach the point of contact with the Islamic scholarly link. The purpose of writing this scientific article aims to find answers from the coffers of rigidity between the relations of these four aspects so as to find common ground in answering the nature of Islamic scholarship in the face of globalization. The method used by the author is based on library research with reference to the theoretical framework and the ideas of previous scientists, by producing a conclusion that the four aspects have interconnection relationships that do not run individually, but meet each other on the circumference according to the portion and role of each -something. Keywords : Interconnection, 'Ulum al-Diin, al-Fikr al-Islamiy, Dirasat Islamiyyah, al-'Ulum al-Ijtimaiyyah.

Recursive Male Out-migration and the Consequences at Source: A Systematic Review with Special Reference to the Left-behind Women

Male out-migration from rural to urban areas has amplified worldwide in the face of economic globalisation. Migration literature for long has engaged with the life of migrants at the destination and their support for the left-behind families in the form of remittances. Explicit scholastic undertaking for the left-behind women and their life experiences has started to receive attention only recently. We take stock of the existing literature to examine this social process and debate it within a women empowerment-disempowerment framework. Following a systematic review of the ‘migration left-behind nexus’ literature, we find a clear trend of transformation in the gender role of women everywhere, especially in the form of ‘feminisation of agriculture’. This process is largely moderated by the nature and amount of remittances received at source. The resultant well-being and empowerment of women is shaped by the socio-cultural context within which migration takes place. Both positive and/or negative outcomes for left-behind women are recorded in the literature, although its choice as a conscious decision and its subsequent permanence in a society is debatable. We expect a deeper engagement of future research that takes up the migration-led women empowerment issue within the context of the general social transformation process.

REFORMULASI SISTEM PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN DALAM MENGHADAPI GLOBALISASI DAN PASAR BEBAS

Pesantren as society institutions is believed to be an institution that can still exist in the face of globalization and the free market. Pesantren has a function hang of religious sciences and formed a noble character. Responding to the changing times in the present context, schools need to determine takhassusnya that is not too difficult to get the students due to the proliferation of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia; schools are required to teach life skills based on local needs and demands of society; schools need to work with various stakeholders to improve the quality of education schools; mastery of Arabic and English is a must; schools need to formulate a vision, mission, goals, short and long term objectives, and evaluate each work program.

TARGET MARKET SELECTION IN FRESH FRUIT-VEGETABLE SECTOR USING FUZZY VIKOR METHOD

Purpose- Companies have to open up to new markets in order to develop and increase their competitiveness in the face of globalization and technological revolution. Target market selection is an important issue that needs to be addressed with priority in terms of efficient use of resources. Methodology- The problem of market selection is a multi-criteria decision-making problem due to its nature which requires the evaluation of different and sometimes conflicting criteria in the decision-making process. In real life problems decision makers’ choices and point of views can be vague which led to the development of fuzzy methods. The Fuzzy VIKOR method considers the uncertainties in the decisionmaking process, setting a compromise solution that provides the maximum group benefit for the majority and minimum individual regret for the opponent. Findings- In this study, Fuzzy VIKOR method is used to select primary market selection with the decision makers’ from 8 fresh fruitvegetable exporter companies and a compromise solution is found. Conclusion- In this study, Fuzzy VIKOR method is used to determine the target market selection for fresh fruit-vegetable companies. As a result of the evaluations made with the 8 exporting firms in the fresh fruit and vegetable sector, a compromise solution has been proposed as to which of the 5 target markets - UK, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia and Hong Kong - will be prioritized or the market will be selected in terms of expanding the existing market share.

Nonfarm Activities and Household Production Choices in Smallholder Agriculture in Vietnam

Nonfarm Activities and Household Production Choices in Smallholder Agriculture in Vietnam

Introduction

Abstract The introduction to this issue has two strands. First, it contextualises the articles, which address kinship from varied perspectives, and situates them in their broader cultural context. Second, it adopts a comparative perspective by differentiating between the present articles with those published a decade earlier on the same themes in this journal, to examine whether, how and to what extent kinship has changed in the face of modernity, globalisation, wars, migrations and political change. It concludes that, compared with a decade ago, kinship has not only not weakened, but it has revived further and penetrated other institutions beyond family, or called upon to ensure and protect the continuity of cultural norms and values, from the threats paused by modernity and by the global, cultural and political invasions.

Blood Is Thicker than Water

The research took place in two time periods thirty years apart (in 1980–1981 under socialism and in 2009–2010 under the emerging market economy, following the regime change of 1989). It documents the shift from choosing godparents from a combination of relatives and nonrelatives to practically always relatives. After a brief literature review, the article discusses the place of godparenthood in the village in the 1980s, including how godparents were “recruited” and the introduction of the socialist, civil “name-giving ceremony.” Compadres acquired in the civil ceremony were treated similarly to those acquired through baptism, and the “name-giving” system was integrated into the overall system of godparenthood in terms of terminology, obligations, honors, and cooperation in rituals and labor exchange. The latter was an important part of village life: relatives, neighbors, and compadres participated roughly equally. It also contributed to the synergies developed between the production cooperative and peasant household production under socialism. Following 1989, the cooperative closed and labor opportunities declined; labor exchange was replaced by market relations in all aspects of life. The results of a questionnaire on choosing godparents show that the switch from unrelated friends to relatives as godparents was long in the making, slowed somewhat by the contrary trend under the oppressive political circumstances of the early 1950s, indicating that the villagers tried to cement their networks by choosing unrelated compadres. By now, as more and more people are leaving the village, they choose relatives exclusively as if to try to strengthen family ties in the face of modernization and globalization.

The “Trump Factor” and the Changing Face of Globalization

The victory of Donald Trump’s administration not only meant a change in domestic socioeconomic policy, but also in the sphere of U.S. foreign ties; it has had a strong influence on the development trend of the world economy and trade. Taking the path of protectionism and confrontation with key trade and economic partners in Latin America, Asia, and Europe, Washington has attempted to break the status quo and transform the existing character of the globalization process. The “Trump factor” has become a key element in the formation of a new global order.

How Does Culture Matter in the Face of Globalization?

Globalization has made exposure to multiple cultures not only possible, but often necessary and unavoidable. This article focuses on how people react and adapt to increasing globalization and multiculturalism. We posit that reactions to multiculturalism and intercultural contact are not universal and are themselves shaped by cultural experiences. That is, culture provides a frame of reference for reconciling and negotiating the inflow of foreign cultures and peoples. Although exposure to foreign cultures can widen one’s worldview, thereby enhancing creativity and reducing prejudice, intercultural contact can also bring about negative exclusionary responses such as aversion, disgust, and defensiveness. We explore how culture and individual differences, such as a belief in racial essentialism, critically shape reactions to intercultural contact. Our discussion sheds light on recent geopolitical and societal shifts that reflect an increased backlash against rising globalization and cultural diversity.

Le cybermunicipalisme devant l’espace-monde

Cybermunicipalism in front of world-space
 American scholar George Landow saw in hypertext a great potential for decolonization of knowledge. However, the latter was quickly subjected to new control dynamics that were previously unsuspected. At the same time, its content has also been "commodified" by hegemonic forces. (George Landow 2006) Our question is: to what extent could we free hypertext from the constraints imposed by Capital? Nico Carpentier underlines the importance of cities as an interface in the face of globalization, thanks to community hypermedia, in what he calls "translocalism". What he is proposing is, in our opinion, constitutes cybermunicipalism. (Nico Carpentier, p. 3) In fact, we would like to address this possibility in the present communication. From my perspective as a translator, I would like to address the issue by mobilizing, among other things, the concepts of "mechanized reproduction" by Walter Benjamin (1939) and "temporary autonomous zones" by Hakim Bey (1985), in order to establish certain avenues of meditation to abolish, in the twinkling of an eye, the dichotomy between global and local.

From Lemongrass to Ivermectin: Ethnomedical Management of Chagas Disease in Tropical Bolivia

ABSTRACTChagas disease is a neglected tropical disease; the only viable drugs are outdated and produce frequent side effects, and the overwhelming majority of cases are undiagnosed and untreated. Globally, people encounter numerous impediments to accessing biomedical treatment for Chagas disease. However, little is known about how people with Chagas disease manage their health outside the biomedical system. In this article, I discuss knowledge of ethnomedical treatments among marginalized patients in an endemic area of Bolivia. I interviewed 68 patients, 63 (93 percent) of whom had positive diagnoses for Chagas disease. Participants free listed 66 ethnomedical remedies either for Chagas disease (n = 39) or its cardiac symptoms. Participants stressed the accessibility of ethnomedical remedies in contrast to the multiple barriers to accessing biomedical treatment. Far from eroding in the face of globalization and sociopolitical marginalization, ethnomedical knowledge in the study area is dynamic and flexible, communicated through various channels.

Kyoto Cuisine Gone Global

In the face of globalization, chefs in Kyoto, Japan have worked to protect local food culture and revive the local food economy. Their actions do not constitute “resistance,” nor are they simply signs of the persistence of local difference in the context of large-scale changes. Drawing primarily on interviews I conducted with prominent chefs of “traditional” Kyoto cuisine and participant observation at events related to Kyoto cuisine, this article examines chefs’ approaches to outside influence and promotion efforts abroad. I pay specific attention to the incorporation of new foreign ingredients into Kyoto cuisine and new efforts to share culinary knowledge with foreign chefs, namely the establishment of a work visa system and the creation of a cookbook series targeted at professional chefs abroad. Kyoto's chefs, this article demonstrates, have been strategically engaging with globalization, actively refashioning the local to try to control it at a global scale.