We have investigated the photoactivated O2 adsorption/desorption, the isotope equilibration (POIEq), and the isotope exchange (POIEx) in the O2–(TiO2–x/TiO2) (Degussa P-25) system, as well as the adsorption and POIEx in the NO–(TiO2–x/TiO2) systems. The photoactivation spectra of the hole centers Os– generation, of POIEq, and of the NO photoadsorption were measured in the 300–500 nm range using a continuously adjustable wavelength light source. The spectral characteristics of the NO photoadsorption are close to those of POIEq Both electron-donor and hole centers are manifested in these processes. For O2 photodesorption, CO oxidation, POIEx, and POIEq the hole centers Os– are responsible. In the case of O2 and NO photoadsorption both types of centers are active. The maxima of POIEq and of NO photoadsorption are placed near 420 nm beyond the edge of the TiO2 bandgap absorption. It was found that not only does the N18O–Ti16O2 exchange occurs under the illumination but also it can be activated by a preliminary sample illumination in vacuum as it was observed for POIEq. The photoactivation spectrum does not coincide with the absorption spectra of the F-type centers (F+ and F-centers, i.e., oxygen anion vacancies filled with one or two e–, respectively) and of Ti3+. The formation of the 2D structures, “core–shell” TiO2–x/TiO2, on the parts of the surface region and the decreasing of bandgap on these parts are supposed based on the kinetic data (the “fast” excitations in the bulk under UV irradiation and the “slow” excitations on the surface under the visible irradiation) and on the spectral data (maximum action is near 420 nm for both electronic and hole centers).