The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between relative muscular strength and selected psychological traits of male college students. The Body Cathexis Scale, Eysenck Personality Inventory, and Tennessee Self-Concept Scale were employed to assess personality in 142 randomly selected subjects, and relative muscular strength was measured by means of free weights in the bench press and the squat. Because of the influence of body weight on muscular strength, body weight was controlled statistically. Pearson's correlations, trend analyis, and partial correlations were computed, and the results showed relative muscular strength to be related significantly to body cathexis, extraversion, neuroticism, and global self-concept. Significant curvilinear relations were revealed between relative strength and neuroticism and between relative strength and self-concept. In general, relatively strong individuals were significantly more satisfied with their body parts and processes, less emotionally labile and anxious, more outgoing, sociable, and impulsive, and more confident and satisfied with themselves than were their muscularly weaker counterparts. The somatopsychic or dualistic perspective of humans appears to be gaining favor steadily. Today more than ever before, the aura of developing a fine-tuned body with enriched psychological and physical health is stimulating individuals of all ages to exercise regularly. Few seem doubtful of the tenet that high-level physical functioning is a salient component of psychological well-being. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the psychological implications of exercise. Of particular interest to this investigation are those inquiries that have explored the association between psychological traits and indexes of physical fitness and performance. In general, studies that have revealed relations of significance have been based on Eysenckian theory (Behrman, 1967; Kane, 1964, 1970; Morgan, 1968; Shiomi, 1980; Whiting & Stembridge, 1965), although other types of investigations have also rejected the null hypothesis relative to this association (Garvin, 1972; Ismail & Young, 1976; Sharp & Reilly, 1975; Tillman, 1965). A mental health model by Morgan has