Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale Research Articles

Impact pathways of personality and psychosocial stress on depression among adult community residents in China: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

Depression is a common mental illness with a high prevalence rate and is a significant contributor to the global burden of diseases. Various factors are associated with depression, and its etiology is complex. Instead of focusing on single-factor effects, this study aimed to explore a combination of high-risk factor sets for depression among adult community residents. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in Shenzhen, China, from January 2021 to March 2021. A simple sampling method was used to enroll participants. A total of 1,965 adult residents completed the survey and were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC), and the Psychosocial Stress Survey for Groups (PSSG). The fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method was used to explore the high-risk factor sets for depression among adult community residents. The prevalence of depression among the surveyed adult residents in Shenzhen was 6.36%. The mean scores of PHQ-9 were higher among women and unmarried residents. The combination of low extroversion (e) and high neuroticism (N) in personality traits, along with high scores for life events (V), negative emotional responses to events (G), positive emotional responses to events (O), and positive coping styles to events (I) (denoted as e*N*V*G*O*I) constituted a high-risk factor set for depression. The overall consistency was 0.843, and the overall coverage was 0.330. Our study suggested that stressful life events together with personality traits including neuroticism and introversion serve as crucial factors for depression among adult community residents, regardless of the coping strategies they adopt. This study provides data for developing comprehensive interventions such as regulating neuroticism and introversion levels and reducing stressors to prevent the occurrence of depression among adult community residents.

Effect of Personality and Pain Catastrophizing on Postoperative Analgesia Following Cesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different psychological personalities and pain catastrophizing levels on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing cesarean section. Puerperas who underwent cesarean section at our hospital between January and August 2023 were recruited into the study and assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQRSC) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Data on the numerical pain intensity at rest and during activity 24 h after surgery, number and dosage of analgesia pumps, and satisfaction with analgesia were recorded. According to the numerical pain score during activity 24 h post-operation, the patients were divided into the analgesia incomplete group (≥4) and control group (<4). Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the influence of personality characteristics and PCS on postoperative analgesia. A total of 778 women were included in the study. The incidence of inadequate analgesia was 89.8%. The satisfaction rate of analgesia was 66.8%. Univariate analysis showed that extraversion; neuroticism; PCS; numbers of previous cesarean delivery; ASA; analgesic satisfaction; and 24-h analgesia pump compressions and dosage were associated with postoperative analgesia after cesarean section (P<0.05). Using binary logistic regression analysis, the first cesarean section (odds ratio [OR]=0.056, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.913-19.174), the number of 24-h analgesic pump compressions (OR=8.464, 95% CI=0.356-0.604), extraversion (OR=0.667, 95% CI=0.513-0.866), neuroticism (OR=1.427, 95% CI=1.104-1.844), and PCS (OR=7.718, 95% CI=0.657-0.783) were factors affecting postoperative analgesia. The incidence of inadequate analgesia after a cesarean section was high (89.8% on the first day after surgery). Formulating accurate analgesia programs for women undergoing cesarean section with extraversion, neuroticism personality characteristics, and pain catastrophizing behaviors is necessary for improving their postoperative analgesia effects and satisfaction and promoting postpartum comfort.

Predictors of Hangover Frequency and Severity: The Impact of Alcohol Consumption, Mental Resilience, Personality, Lifestyle, Coping and Mood.

Mental resilience is the ability to bounce back from daily life stressors such as divorce or losing a job. Extensive research has demonstrated a negative relationship between mental resilience and alcohol consumption. That is, both the quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption are greater in individuals with lower levels of mental resilience. There has, however, been little scientific attention paid to the relationship between mental resilience and alcohol hangover severity. The objective of this study was to evaluate psychological factors that may impact the frequency and severity of alcohol hangovers, including alcohol intake itself, mental resilience, personality, baseline mood, lifestyle, and coping mechanisms. An online survey was conducted among Dutch adults (N = 153) who had a hangover after their heaviest drinking occasion in the period before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (15 January to 14 March 2020). Questions were asked about their alcohol consumption and hangover severity on their heaviest drinking occasion. Mental resilience was assessed with the Brief Mental Resilience scale, personality with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSS), mood via single item assessments, and lifestyle and coping with the modified Fantastic Lifestyle Checklist. The partial correlation, corrected for estimated peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC), between mental resilience and hangover severity was not significant (r = 0.010, p = 0.848). Furthermore, no significant correlations were found between hangover severity or frequency and personality and baseline mood. For lifestyle and coping factors, a negative correlation was found between the use of tobacco and toxins (i.e., drugs, medicines, caffeine) and the frequency of experiencing hangovers. Regression analysis revealed that hangover severity after the heaviest drinking occasion (31.2%) was the best predictor of hangover frequency, and that subjective intoxication on the heaviest drinking occasion (38.4%) was the best predictor of next-day hangover severity. Mood, mental resilience, and personality were not relevant predictors of hangover frequency and severity. In conclusion, mental resilience, personality, and baseline mood do not predict hangover frequency and severity.

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Chinese college students following the COVID-19 outbreak.

This study examined the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in college students 1 month after the lockdown of Wuhan to identify possible risk factors for PTSD symptoms in a cross-sectional study. Out of 10,502 who responded, 9,274 students impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic were included in our study. PTSD symptoms was evaluated by the Impact of Event Scale-revised (IES-R). Anxiety/depression symptoms were evaluated by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Personality traits, coping style, and social support were assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Logistic regression analysis was utilized to further explore risk factors for PTSD symptoms. More than 1 month after the COVID-19 outbreak, 13.1% of college students developed PTSD symptoms, indicating that COVID-19 associated stressful experiences were connected with PTSD symptoms. After the COVID-19 outbreak, subjects with symptomatologic PTSD symptoms were more likely to experience strained relationships with their family, to have close contact with COVID-19 patients and to drop out of college. The logistic regression model demonstrated the association factors of PTSD symptoms. Neuroticism, psychoticism and an avoidant coping style were associated with increased risk for PTSD symptoms, while an active coping style was protective against PTSD symptoms during this pandemic. The results showed that PTSD symptoms was prevalent in Chinese college students 1 month after the COVID-19 outbreak. Effective psychological support work should be carried out accordingly.

State Neuroticism at Home and in Fiji: The Positive Effects of Having a Holiday to Reset Mind and Brain

Neuroticism, i.e., the disposition to experiencing feelings of emotional distress, including anxiety, depression, and anger, is often considered a relatively stable and fundamental personality characteristic (trait neuroticism). However, the level of neuroticism can also vary within individuals (state neuroticism), depending on external factors such as life events and work stress. The aim of the current study was to examine to what extent having a holiday can reduce state neuroticism. A survey was conducted among n = 213 young adults who were on holiday in Fiji (mean ± SD age of 24.5 ± 4.3, 46.9% women). In addition to demographics, they completed the neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire—revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSS). Compared to at home, a significant reduction (p &lt; 0.001) in neuroticism was reported when they were on holiday (mean ± SD of 4.5 ± 3.0 versus 2.1 ± 2.3, respectively). The effect was seen in both men and women. Women had significantly higher neuroticism ratings than men, both at home (mean ± SD of 5.4 ± 2.9 versus 3.6 ± 2.9, respectively, p &lt; 0.001) and on holiday (mean ± SD of 2.5 ± 2.4 versus 1.6 ± 2.0, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were seen between individuals with a job at home or students. The correlation between neuroticism at home and the difference rating in neuroticism (‘at home’—‘in Fiji’ assessment) was highly significant (r = 0.68, p &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, having a holiday was associated with significantly reduced levels of neuroticism. Those with the highest levels of neuroticism at home benefited the most from having a holiday.

Influence of Workload, Personality, and Psychological Flexibility on Occupational Stress Among Medical Staff: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis.

ObjectiveDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the occupational stress of medical staff has been a major issue. This study aimed to suggest a new strategy to identify high-risk factor sets of occupational stress in medical staff using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs-QCA) and provide ideas for the prevention and intervention of occupational stress.MethodsA total of 1,928 medical staff members were surveyed and tested using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised edition (OSI-R), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSC). The fs-QCA was used to explore the high-risk factors for occupational stress among medical staff.ResultsThe psychological strain (PSY) score of the medical staff was 26.8 ± 7.13, and the physical strain (PHS) score was 24.3 ± 6.50. Low psychological flexibility score-introversion-high role overload, introversion-neuroticism-high role overload, and low psychological flexibility score-neuroticism were high-risk factor sets for PSY. Low psychological flexibility score-introversion-high role overload, low psychological flexibility score-introversion-neuroticism, low psychological flexibility score-neuroticism-high role overload, low psychological flexibility score-psychoticism-neuroticism, and psychoticism-neuroticism-high role overload were high-risk factor sets for PHS.ConclusionThere are different combinations of high-risk factors for occupational stress among the medical staff. For occupational stress intervention and psychological counseling, targeted and individualized health intervention measures should be implemented according to specific characteristic combinations of different individuals.

Impact of Extroversion on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Prosthodontic Patients

Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a compound model comprising individualized evaluation of one’s emotional, functional and oral health. It is easily influenced by multiple variables including oral problems, cultural differences and personality traits. Where other personality traits negatively influence OHRQoL, extroversion exhibits a positive association. Contrarily, conflicting results have been reported in literature. The inconsistent results, insufficient local data and cultural differences make it imperative to further investigate. The objective of the study was to determine a correlation between extroversion and OHRQoL in prosthodontic patients.&#x0D; Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Prosthodontics Department of Islamic International Dental Hospital, Islamabad from May 2018 to April 2019. Sample size was calculated to be 270 with 5% significance level and Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.17. However, 305 patients were included in this study. After obtaining informed consent and recording demographic data, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire–Revised Short-scale (EPQ-RS) were used to collect the required data and categorize patients.&#x0D; Results: The bivariate correlation analysis revealed extroversion to be negatively associated (r = -0.220) with OHIP score. It depicts that the more extrovert an individual, the lower the OHIP score (better OHRQoL) and vice versa. Effect modifier analysis revealed inconsistent correlation results for extroversion.&#x0D; Conclusion: A positive correlation has been established between Extroversion and OHRQoL, with inconsistent results after controlling effect modifiers.

Medication Adherence and Associated Factors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Structural Equation Model.

Background: The number of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing. Medication treatment is of great importance to stabilize blood glucose. Previous studies have reported that neuroticism, self-efficacy, and social support are factors associated with medication adherence, but few studies have fully investigated the mechanisms between these factors and medication adherence in patients with T2D.Purpose: To explore the prevalence of medication adherence and the factors associated with medication adherence in patients with T2D.Methods: A cross-sectional study consisting of 483 patients with T2D was conducted from July to December 2020. Questionnaires containing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8), the neuroticism subscale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale (DMSES) were used to collect data. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.Results: This study included 305 (63.1%) medication adherence and 178 (36.9%) medication non-adherence patients with T2D. Social support directly influenced medication adherence (β = 0.115, P = 0.029) and indirectly influenced medication adherence through self-efficacy (β = 0.044, P = 0.016). Self-efficacy directly influenced medication adherence (β = 0.139, P = 0.023). Neuroticism indirectly affected medication adherence through social support (β = −0.027, P = 0.023) and self-efficacy (β = −0.019, P = 0.014). Moreover, there was a sequential mediating effect of social support and self-efficacy on the relationship between neuroticism and medication adherence (β = −0.010, P = 0.012). After controlling for age and gender, similar results were obtained. The model fit indices showed a good fit.Conclusions: The medication adherence of patients with T2D needs to be improved. Neuroticism, social support, and self-efficacy had direct or indirect effects on medication adherence in patients with T2D. Healthcare providers should comprehensively develop intervention programs based on neuroticism, social support, and self-efficacy to improve medication adherence in patients with T2D.

The Mediating Effects of Diabetes Distress, Anxiety, and Cognitive Fusion on the Association Between Neuroticism and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between neuroticism and fear of hypoglycemia (FoH) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as the mediating effects of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion on the relationship between neuroticism and FoH.Methods: A total of 494 patients with T2D (39.9% females, n = 197) were analyzed using the neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS), the Fear of Hypoglycemia-15 Scale (FH-15), the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ). The bootstrapping method was used to test the separate and parallel mediation models.Results: FoH was noted in 17.4% (n = 86) of patients. The correlations between neuroticism, diabetes distress, anxiety, cognitive fusion, and FoH were positive. Diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion were significant mediators in the association between neuroticism and FoH in both separate and parallel mediation models. In the parallel mediation model, the mediating effect of anxiety was the highest, and the mediating effect of diabetes distress was the lowest, but no significant differences were found in the comparison of these three indirect effects.Conclusion: This study indicated that neuroticism not only directly affected FoH, but also indirectly influenced FoH via the increase of diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion in patients with T2D. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of intervention programs to ameliorate patients’ FoH directly and indirectly. Healthcare providers should be encouraged to develop appropriate programs based on improving diabetes distress, anxiety, and cognitive fusion to help patients with T2D improve FoH.

Investigation of a Progressive Relaxation Training Intervention on Precompetition Anxiety and Sports Performance Among Collegiate Student Athletes.

This study aims to investigate whether simple and convenient progressive relaxation training (PRT) is effective in enhancing collegiate student athletes’ mental health and sports performance. An experimental group of 14 (6 female) and a control group of 10 (5 female) collegiate student athletes were recruited from among track and field athletes who were preparing for provincial competition. The experimental group was exposed to a PRT intervention in 30-min sessions conducted twice per week for a duration of one month. At baseline, the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) were completed, while only the CSAI-2 was reassessed at one, two, and three weeks after initiation of the intervention. Additionally, within half a day after completing all one’s individual competition events, the CSAI-2 was again assessed in the two groups recalling their memory of their precompetition state anxiety. Then, the differences in the three dimensions of the CSAI-2 between the two groups at the five time points introduced above were compared. This study also explored whether PRT affected sports performance, defined by the athletes reaching their best records or not, by logistic regressive analysis. This study found significant between-group differences in the self-confidence dimension score at the second and third time points. Through logistic regression analysis, a positive effect of PRT was found for the enhancement of sports performance. In sum, PRT showed positive effects on precompetition state self-confidence and enhanced sports performance among collegiate student athletes.

Correlation between social psychology and personality characteristics and treatment options for adult patients with skeletal malocclusion

This study aims to explore factors affecting the dental aesthetic social psychology of patients with skeletal malocclusion and to measure the relationship between the objective orthodontic requirements and the subjective treatment requirements of patients. This work provides a reference for doctors to measure patients' orthodontic treatment needs. Adult patients with skeletal malocclusion were chosen as the research object. Questionnaire survey was used to analyze factors influencing the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ), index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN), and Eysenck personality questionnaire-revised short scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC). The relationship among PIDAQ, IOTN, EPQ-RSC, and treatment options was also evaluated. Seventy-two valid questionnaires were collected from adult patients with skeletal malocclusion. 1) The PIDAQ scores significantly differed among different occupations (P<0.05) but were not affected by other general conditions such as gender and age. 2) Patients of different dental health component (DHC) grade and ages had different AC self-assessment scores (P<0.01, P<0.05). The AC self-assessment score was positively correlated with the PIDAQ score (P< 0.05). 3) Males accounted for a higher proportion of patients who received treatment. Younger patients (18-28 years old) were more likely to receive treat-ment when their own dental aesthetics were poor. People with the higher monthly expenditure accounted for the larger proportion of surgical patients. 4) The PIDAQ score had no significant effects on the choice of opera-tion (P>0.05). People with low educational level were more likely to receive surgery if their psychosocial impacts of dental aes-thetics were serious. 5) The score of psychoticism scale of EPQ-RSC and the educa-tional level had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.01). Moreover, the neuroticism scale and AC self-assessment scores had a mutual influence on the PIDAQ score (P<0.05). However, this study did not find a correlation between personality traits and treatment options. Many factors, such as personal natural conditions, subjective aesthetic evaluation of teeth, and psychosocial impacts of dental aesthetics, affect patients' treatment options. Personality characteristics can play a certain role in dental aesthetics social psychology.

Investigation of the status and influencing factors of optimistic coping among gynecologic tumor patients

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of optimistic coping among gynecologic tumor patients. Methods A total of 401 cases of gynecologic tumor patients was selected by the convenient sampling method. They were investigated by the Jalowiec Coping Scale, The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Social Support Rating Scale. Results Optimistic coping in gynecologic tumor patients scored (1.61±0.36). The main influencing factors included residence place, education level, general self-efficacy score, personality trait score, they could explain 25.2% variation of optimistic coping of gynecological tumor patients. Conclusions Optimistic coping in gynecologic tumor patients scored is at a low level. Residence and education level, general self-efficacy score and personality trait score are important factors that affect the level of optimistic coping in gynecologic tumor inpatients. Medical staff should develop targeted nursing intervention measures, pay attention to mining and shaping patients' positive and optimistic personality traits, in order to improve patients' optimistic coping level, to achieve the ultimate goal of improving patients' quality of life nursing. Key words: Gynecologic neoplasms; Influencing factors; Optimistic; Coping

The Relationship Between Neuroticism Fit and General Well-Being: The Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience.

BackgroundThe dominance complementarity theory argues that effective and continuing interpersonal relationships require complementary dominance and submission values. This theory has been widely applied to interpersonal interaction studies. Although studies have demonstrated the correlation between neurotic personality traits and general well-being (GWB) in older adults, the interpersonal interactions and psychological mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear.AimUsing this theory, we explored the effect of the neuroticism fit between older adults and primary caregivers on older adults’ GWB and examined the mediating role of psychological resilience (PR).MethodsOne hundred sixty-one dyads of older adults and primary caregivers in nursing homes completed scales that included the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale, the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the GWB Schedule. We performed a cross-level polynomial regression, response surface modeling and mediating effect test to analyze the data.Results(1) Older adults’ GWB was higher when the neuroticism fit between older adults and primary caregivers was incongruent rather than congruent (p < 0.01). (2) In cases of incongruence, older adults’ GWB was higher only if their neuroticism was lower than that of their primary caregivers (p < 0.01). (3) In cases of congruence, older adults’ GWB was higher when the neuroticism of both sides was lower (p < 0.01). (4) PR partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism incongruence and older adults’ GWB (indirect effect = 0.14, p < 0.01).ConclusionThe neuroticism incongruence between older adults and primary caregivers was beneficial to older adults’ GWB and was partially mediated by PR.

The influence of personality traits and gender on noise annoyance in laboratory studies

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism) and noise-induced annoyance. The effect of exposure to the single-frequency noise stimuli with low (65 dB) and high (85 dB) intensity on noise-induced annoyance levels of 169 students was studied. A tone generator software was used to generate noise stimuli with different frequencies. The noise induced annoyance levels were measured by the numerical rating scale recommended by ISO/TS 15666:2003. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RS) which included a lie scale was employed to assess the dimensions such as personality, neuroticism, extraversion and psychoticism. Results revealed that for the low-intensity noise stimuli, at frequencies below 1000 Hz, the noise induced annoyance levels were equal for extroverts and introverts. But at frequencies above 1000 Hz, the levels for introverts were higher than extroverts. For the subjects exposed to the low-intensity noise stimuli, those with neurotic personality trait felt more noise induced annoyance than non-neurotic subjects at all frequencies. Exposure to high-intensity noise stimuli contributed to more noise induced annoyance among non-neurotic subjects within the whole frequency range. Also, exposure to low-intensity noise stimuli, resulted in higher levels of noise induced annoyance among female subjects for the whole frequency range.Noise annoyance may occur at any noise level, mainly due to different characteristics and personality traits of the individuals. Therefore, since the engineering control solutions often cannot mitigate the levels of annoyance caused by noise to the optimal level for many individuals, other influential factors such as individuals' personality traits should be taken into account.

Multiple mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty, obsessive-compulsive and generalized anxiety on neuroticism and insomnia in college students

Objective To explore composited multiple mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms between neuroticism and insomnia. Methods In this study, 405 university students were evaluated using several questionnaires, including Athens Insomnia Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Obsessive-compulsive.Inventory-Revised and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese. Results The scores of Athens Insomnia Scale(4.07±2.57), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale(72.33±14.42), The Penn State Worry Questionnaire(40.57±10.35), Compulsive Activity Checklist-Revised(1.60±1.45) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scal(4.86±3.22) were positively correlated with each other(r=0.18~0.64, P 0.05; CFI=0.99; GFI=0.99; NFI=0.99; NNFI(TLI)=0.97; RMSEA=0.05. The results indicated that neuroticism directly affected insomnia(effect size 0.125), neuroticism affects insomnia through generalized anxiety symptoms(effect size 0.082) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms(effect size 0.053) respectively. Thus, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were parallel mediators.Neuroticism affects generalized anxiety symptoms through intolerance of uncertainty, and then affected the insomnia(effect size 0.022). And neuroticism affected obsessive-compulsive symptoms through intolerance of uncertainty, and then affected the insomnia(effect size 0.014). Conclusion The neuroticism personality of university students can influence insomnia through the multiple mediation model of intolerance of uncertainty, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Key words: Neuroticism; Insomnia; Intolerance of uncertainty; Generalized anxiety symptoms; Obsessive-compulsive symptoms; Multiple mediation model

Sleep quality mediating the association of personality traits and quality of life among underground workers and surface workers of Chinese coal mine: A multi-group SEM with latent response variable mediation analysis

The aim of this study was to examine whether the association between personality traits and quality of life (QOL) was mediated by sleep quality in coal miners and to explore whether the relationship between surface workers and underground workers was different. The cross-sectional study including 3090 coal mine workers aged 20 to 65 years from Shanxi province of China was conducted. Personality traits, QOL and sleep quality were respectively assessed using Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese, World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, and sleep status questionnaire. The multi-group SEM with latent response variable method was conducted to evaluate the association between personality traits and QOL mediated by sleep quality. The difference of indirect effects between two subgroups was examined by Wald chi-square test. For surface workers, underground workers and overall sample, passive personality traits had a negative impact on QOL through poor sleep quality, whereas the active personality traits acted the opposite. However, the difference of indirect effect between two subgroups was not statistically significant. These results indicated that sleep quality may act as a partial mediator in the relationship between personality traits and QOL, and the relationship may not be affected by working environment.

The mediating effect of coping style on personality and mental health among elderly Chinese empty-nester: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundMental health is a growing concern among older people all over the world. China has a rapidly aging population, and the number of elderly empty-nesters, who have no children or whose children have already left home, is on the rise. These older adults live alone or with a spouse. Therefore, we should be concerned about these empty-nester, especially their mental health, due to its vital role. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed from March to December 2015. The participants were 350 empty-nest elderly adults from Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia. Data were collected with the Elderly Mental Health Questionnaire, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. For the analyses, correlations, regressions, and structural equation models were used. Bootstrapping was performed to confirm the mediation effect. ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 70.33 ± 6.67 years. Mental health showed significant correlations with extraversion, neuroticism, and coping style (all P＜0.01). Extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism were the independent variables, while mental health was the dependent variable in the linear regression model with stepwise analysis. Extraversion and neuroticism were entered into the regression equation. All standardized coefficients (β) were significant (all P<0.01) in the model, and bootstrapping indicated that the mediating role of coping style was statistically significant. ConclusionCoping style partially mediated the relationship between the personality and mental health of the empty-nest elderly. Consequently, to improve the mental health of the empty-nest elderly, coping style should be the focus.

Prevalence and correlates of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder among Chinese healthcare workers exposed to physical violence: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychological maladjustment to undergoing a traumatic event. Our aim was to measure the prevalence of PTSD among Chinese healthcare workers exposed to physical...

Relationship of personality with job burnout and psychological stress risk in clinicians

To analyze the job burnout and mental health status of clinicians and the relationship of personality with job burnout and psychological stress, and to investigate the direct or indirect effects of personality on psychological stress. Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSC), and Kessler 10 Scale were administered to 775 clinicians. Of all clinicians, 29.5% had mild burnout, with a score of 22.7 ± 8.18 for psychological stress risk. The effect of personality on emotional exhaustion and cynicism was greater than that on personal accomplishment. Clinicians with a personality of introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism suffered a higher risk of psychological stress. Personality had both direct and indirect effects on psychological stress. Neuroticism had the strongest effect on psychological stress, with an effect size of 0.55. Clinicians have a high level of both job burnout and mental psychological stress risk. Personality is significantly correlated with job burnout and psychological stress risk. Measures depending on personality should be taken for effective intervention.

Do Personality Traits Predict Individual Differences in Excitatory and Inhibitory Learning?

Conditioned inhibition (CI) is demonstrated in classical conditioning when a stimulus is used to signal the omission of an otherwise expected outcome. This basic learning ability is involved in a wide range of normal behavior – and thus its disruption could produce a correspondingly wide range of behavioral deficits. The present study employed a computer-based task to measure conditioned excitation and inhibition in the same discrimination procedure. CI by summation test was clearly demonstrated. Additionally summary measures of excitatory and inhibitory learning (difference scores) were calculated in order to explore how performance related to individual differences in a large sample of normal participants (n = 176 following exclusion of those not meeting the basic learning criterion). The individual difference measures selected derive from two biologically based personality theories, Gray’s (1982) reinforcement sensitivity theory and Eysenck and Eysenck (1991) psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism theory. Following the behavioral tasks, participants completed the behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS) scales and the Eysenck personality questionnaire revised short scale (EPQ-RS). Analyses of the relationship between scores on each of the scales and summary measures of excitatory and inhibitory learning suggested that those with higher BAS (specifically the drive sub-scale) and higher EPQ-RS neuroticism showed reduced levels of excitatory conditioning. Inhibitory conditioning was similarly attenuated in those with higher EPQ-RS neuroticism, as well as in those with higher BIS scores. Thus the findings are consistent with higher levels of neuroticism being accompanied by generally impaired associative learning, both inhibitory and excitatory. There was also evidence for some dissociation in the effects of behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition on excitatory and inhibitory learning respectively.