Eyelash Extensions Research Articles

Clinical Issues-June 2022.

Electrostatic precipitator device use during laparoscopic surgery Key words: electrostatic precipitation (ESP), surgical smoke precipitator, anions, visual field, medical device reporting (MDR). Removal of used flammable skin antisepsis materials Key words: flammable liquid antiseptics, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), fire prevention, fire risk, patient care vicinity. Ocular protection for patients with eyelash extensions Key words: ocular injury, eyelash extensions, eye protection, lagophthalmos, intraocular pressure. Perioperative nursing care of the patient with Raynaud's phenomenon Key words: ischemia, vasospasm, comfort measures, hypothermia, complementary care.

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate contained in cosmetic glues among hairdressers and beauticians who perform nail treatments and eyelash extension as well as hair extension applications: A systematic review.

Current cosmetic regulations primarily focus on protecting consumers, not the professional user who is subjected to a partly different, and certainly more intense exposure to hazardous substances. Against this background, this systematic review aims to compile and appraise evidence regarding skin toxicity of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA; CAS no. 212-782-2) and ethyl cyanoacrylate (ECA; CAS no. 7085-85-0) contained in cosmetic glues used among hairdressers and beauticians who perform nail treatments and eyelash extension as well as hair extension applications. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis. In total, six publications from six countries were eligible for this systematic review. A meta-analysis revealed that hairdressers and beauticians have a ninefold increased risk of developing contact allergy to HEMA compared with controls who are not hairdressers and beauticians. Results for ECA are lacking. The results of this systematic review clearly show that-regarding contact allergy to acrylates-it is not appropriate to apply risk assessment for consumers to hairdressers and beauticians who occupationally handle cosmetic glues. The regulations in existence do not adequately address occupational risks for hairdressers and beauticians connected with the use of acrylate-containing cosmetic substances and need reconsideration.

Нарощування вій: краса чи проблема?

У роботі представлено дослідження особливостей офтальмологічного статусу умовно здорових пацієнток після нарощування вій (60 жінок віком від 20 до 38 років) і розробка алгоритму корекції виявлених порушень. Тривалість носіння нарощених вій становила від 6 міс. до 4 років, у середньому 1,4 року. Виявлено, що для пацієнток із тривалим і частим використанням нарощених вій характерні скарги, властиві синдрому сухого ока та/або дисфункції мейбомієвих залоз; наявність структурних і запальних змін повік, включаючи високий відсоток розвитку заднього крайового блефариту (28,3 %); порушення сльозопродукції з превалюванням підвищеної випаровуваності слізної плівки внаслідок дефіциту її ліпідного компонента (95 %). Використання запропонованого алгоритму ведення таких пацієнток, що включав застосування тримісячного курсу щоденної гігієни повік із препаратами Теагель® (2 рази на день протягом 1 міс., потім 1 раз на день на ніч) і Теалоз® Дуо (2 рази на день протягом 1 міс., потім за потребою), дозволило зменшити кількість скарг (у середньому на 70 %), підвищити суб’єктивну комфортність (8,0 ± 0,6; p < 0,05), поліпшити стан повік зі значним зменшенням їх товщини і набряклості в 46,6 % випадків, збільшити показники тестів Ширмера і Ширмера II (приріст становив у середньому 5,5 мм на тесті Ширмера і 4,6 мм на тесті Ширмера II (p < 0,05)) і показник часу розриву слізної плівки (у середньому на 10,8 с; p < 0,05).

BC05: Irritant blepharitis from eyelash extensions in the context of isotretinoin therapy: time to lash it on the patient information leaflet?

BC05: Irritant blepharitis from eyelash extensions in the context of isotretinoin therapy: time to lash it on the patient information leaflet?

Integrated Multi-Model Face Shape and Eye Attributes Identification for Hair Style and Eyelashes Recommendation

Identifying human face shape and eye attributes is the first and most vital process before applying for the right hairstyle and eyelashes extension. The aim of this research work includes the development of a decision support program to constitute an aid system that analyses eye and face features automatically based on the image taken from a user. The system suggests a suitable recommendation of eyelashes type and hairstyle based on the automatic reported users’ eye and face features. To achieve the aim, we develop a multi-model system comprising three separate models; each model targeted a different task, including; face shape classification, eye attribute identification and gender detection model. Face shape classification system has been designed based on the development of a hybrid framework of handcrafting and learned feature. Eye attributes have been identified by exploiting the geometrical eye measurements using the detected eye landmarks. Gender identification system has been realised and designed by implementing a deep learning-based approach. The outputs of three developed models are merged to design a decision support system for haircut and eyelash extension recommendation. The obtained detection results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively identifies the face shape and eye attributes. Developing such computer-aided systems is suitable and beneficial for the user and would be beneficial to the beauty industrial.

Eyelash Extension dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam

This study aimed to identify the law of using eyelash extensions from the perspective of Islamic law, as well as what the scholars think about it. To get answers to this problem, descriptive qualitative research (non-statistical) was used which focused on the study of texts and texts and used historical and phenomenological approaches. The research results found are; First, eyelash extension is a method of lengthening and adding lashes with the aim of adorning or beautifying the eyes. Second, the eyelash extension procedure is done by gluing the lashes together with the original perimeter lashes using a special glue. As for the impact of eyelash extensions, it causes eyelashes to fall out, irritation, allergies, and eye injuries. Third, in determining the law of eyelash extensions from an Islamic perspective, the authors explore the law by applying eyelash extensions to the hair, and in this case, the scholars have different opinions. If real (human) hair is used, the majority of scholars forbid it. As for using synthetic hair, the scholars have different opinions, some permit while some others absolutely prohibit using either real hair or synthetic hair, and there are also those who differentiate the law by seeing whether the woman is married or not. If a woman is not married, it is not allowed, as for those who

Ten years of contact allergy from acrylic compounds in an occupational dermatology clinic.

Contact allergy from acrylic compounds is a "hot topic". Knowledge on the exact chemical composition of acrylic products is superficial. To retrospectively describe patients with allergic reactions to acrylic compounds. We included patients who had been tested with acrylate patch test series and displayed allergic reactions to at least one acrylic compound. Chemical analyses were often performed when safety data sheets of implicated products failed to reveal acrylic compounds to which the patient tested positive. In 2010-2019 a total of 55 patients met the inclusion criteria. Eight cases of allergic contact dermatitis were due to anaerobic sealants, seven to dental products, three to windscreen glues, seven to eyelash glues and/or nail products in the beauty sector, three to UV-cured printing inks, two to paints/lacquers, and one to polyester resin system. The origin of these contact allergies was occupational with the exception of four beauty sector workers who had developed eyelid symptoms from eyelash extensions glued onto their own eyelashes. We invariably detected methacrylate monomers in 15 chemical analyses of 12 different anaerobic sealants. Safety data sheets of anaerobic sealants often lack warnings for skin sensitization, although these products regularly contain sensitizing methacrylates.

From the Elephant Man to Barbie Girl: Dissecting the Freak from the Margins to the Mainstream

From the Elephant Man to Barbie Girl: Dissecting the Freak from the Margins to the Mainstream

Application of Adhesives in Cosmetology

The current state of the cosmetology industry in the field of eyelash extension services is analyzed. It is concluded that the popularity of this type of service, despite the negative impact on eye health, will grow in the near future. The main symptoms that occur when using this procedure are analyzed. Among the most common symptoms should be noted a feeling of heaviness of the eyelids, burning, discomfort associated with a decrease in the field of view. It is noted that despite a number of works in this area to date, there is insufficient research, both from the point of view of the analysis of clinical cases, and from the point of view of developing safer adhesive compositions. An analysis is made of the characteristics of adhesives used in domestic cosmetology rooms. At the same time, attention was paid to the following: country of production, composition, texture and texture, setting speed, wearing time, shelf life, recommended temperature and humidity level. A typical composition of glue for eyelash extension contains the following components: cyanoacrylate and its derivatives (± 90 %); polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (± 6 %); black pigment - carbon black (± 4 %).

Assessing Differing Eyelash Extension Compositions and their Microorganisms

The purpose of this study was to determine the quantitative relationship between parasite Demodex folliculorum and three different eyelash extension types: mink, sable and silk. In spite of the disruption of experimentation and the resulting necessary altercations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the research method followed was quasi-experimental. Rather than directly assessing the correlation between eyelash extension types and Demodex folliculorum, the relationship both variables had with bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis was examined to reach a conclusion. The process of experimenting and synthesizing prior information resulted in heavy usage of primary and secondary data to reach the conclusion that sable eyelash extensions comparatively promote the least growth of Demodex folliculorum and are therefore the safest option for eyelash extension users.

SELF-EMPLOYMENT IN THE BEAUTY INDUSTRY AS A SOCIAL PHENOMENON

The self-employed, as a social and professional group, are distinguished by instability, uncertainty of social positions, and precarization, which determines the relevance of this topic. The purpose of this article lies in identifying the characteristics of the self-employed in the beauty industry, to draw up their social portrait. The paper presents an analysis of theoretical approaches to the study of self-employment, cross-country comparative analysis of the regulation of self-employment of the population, discloses social and legal aspects, identifies the industry specificity of self-employment in the beauty industry. In the course of empirical research, which was implemented using quantitative (questionnaire survey, N = 112) and qualitative methods (in-depth semi-structured interview, 12 informants), the authors have identified the labor values of self-employed in the beauty industry, the range of services provided, characteristics and conditions of work, and the strategies for promoting the labor market. The study has shown that self-employed work alone, without involving any help from other people; they receive income from personal labor activity and are relatively free in choosing a place of work. Most of the self-employed in the beauty industry work in the informal sector, without registration, which carries risks and social costs for its participants. Based on the results, a social portrait of self-employed in the beauty industry was compiled: these are mainly women aged 18 to 36 years, who provide nail service, hairdressing, eyelash extension, massage, and tattooing. The authors have identified the methods of registration of their activities, the main mechanisms for the formation of a client base, platforms for finding clients, the intensity of work, channels for obtaining professional skills, and features of the organization of the working space. The results show that the regional program “Self-Employment”, aimed at lowering the tax rate and providing material assistance, is not popular among the self-employed in the beauty industry working in Tyumen. In the conclusion, the authors have identified advantages and limitations of self-employment, as well as the main risks. In addition, this article proposes recommendations for regional authorities that contribute to the development of self-employment in the beauty industry and the legitimation of labor relations of this social and professional group.

Diseases of the Ocular Surface Associated with Eyelid Makeup and Eyelash Extensions. Clinical Examples

The environmental factors influence, quite often, negatively affects the state of health. Many of them, such as smoking, deterioration in ecology, uncontrolled alcohol intake, are in detail studied in terms of harm to a human body. Nevertheless, new technologies which action is insufficiently studied, are actively introduced into modern life. So, the use of cosmetology procedures can be a striking example. Now the prevalence of such procedures as eyelash extension, a permanent make-up a century, botulotoxin injections in a periorbital zone, assumes a wide scale. In foreign and domestic literature there are more and more messages about development of the complications which arose owing to use of the above-stated procedures. There are two clinical examples from our practice in this article. They demonstrate the complications which arose after holding a procedure of eyelash extension — acute toxic-allergic conjunctivitis and after a permanent make-up — a chemical burn of a cornea. In these clinical cases of a complication arose due to aggressive action of a chemical basis of the glue applied at eyelash extension and cream-anesthetic which is applied on eyelids before a permanent make-up a century. Treatment of patients included antiinflammatory, antihistaminic, antibacterial therapy and also a long course of the tear replacement therapy applied as keratoproteсtive therapy and for prevention of development of a dry eye syndrome. Considering scales of prevalence of cosmetology procedures in recent years, it is necessary to inform specialists and patients on potential risk of development of the complications connected with the above-stated procedures. The clinical examples given in the article and literature data, demonstrate that in case of cosmetology procedures complications it is necessary to carry out timely rendering the qualified medical ophthalmologic care. It is connected with the fact that, quite often, the cosmetology manipulations, even positioned as harmless, in particular, a permanent make-up of eyelid and eyelash extension can lead to heavy complications, up to vision loss.

The ‘Worker-Researcher’: Introducing a new interview dynamic

ABSTRACT It used to be said that academics doing ethnographic research were able to have brief forays into other cultures, but to have permanent membership would result in ‘career suicide’. Our methodology takes into account the changing nature of academia, both exploiting and endorsing the dual role status held by many academics who have fractional appointments at higher education institutions. We use data from a study on women’s experiences of discovering partner infidelity to explore the benefits and drawbacks of being a ‘Worker-Researcher’. Participants were interviewed whilst having an eyelash extension treatment carried out by the second author who was employed as a part-time beauty therapist. The data produced using this methodology was rich and revealing, due in part to the level of rapport engendered by the relationship between the two protagonists and also due to the confessional culture of beauty salons. The reduction or reversal of traditional researcher/participant hierarchy soothes the frequently discussed concerns about exploitation of participants. The exploitation of Worker-Researchers is discussed as a potential drawback of this methodology.

Current Concepts about the Etiology of Dry Eye Syndrome

The revolution in understanding the etiology and clinical manifestations of the disruption of the tearing process and the development of dry eye syndrome (CVS) has occurred in last 20–30 years. It has been established that the loss of the tear film homeostasis can occur not only because of a violation of systemic and autoimmune disorders, but also as a result of a blinking disorder and distribution of the tear film over the ocular surface. Therefore, new pathogenetic disease development mechanisms have been identified. The prevalence of diseases of the ocular surface and CVD in recent years has increased significantly. It is mostly caused not only by scientific discoveries in the field of understanding, for example, the etiological and pathophysiological role of the neurosensory mechanism of development of CVS. An important aspect is the emergence of new risk factors that potentiate the development of ocular surface diseases and CVL. These factors include the use of various drugs — antidepressants, antihistamines, hormone therapy, and others; instillation of eye drops — antiglaucoma drugs, etc., as well as the appearance of little-studied factors such as cosmetology procedures (eyelids tattooing, eyelash extensions, botulinum toxin injections for aesthetic purposes, etc.). They are carried out in proximate close to the eye and eyelids, causing multiple pathological reaction. The experience of observing patients, literature data, and the conducted study have showed that various cosmetological effects in the periorbital zone, whose popularity has increased in recent years, may cause the appearance of iatrogenic dry eye syndrome. The following most vivid clinical examples will help, encountered in our practice, to illustrate the data presented. Collecting the anamnesis, it is necessary to identify the presence of risk factors for the development of diseases of the ocular surface and CVD, to eliminate them, if possible, and to carry out adequate pathogenically based therapy.

Homeostasis Changes of Tear-Producing System with the Background of Cosmetic Procedures in Periorbital Area

Modern ophthalmological practice is inseverable linked with cosmetology and esthetic medicine. Every year, the number of patients, especially women, who received various types of cosmetology procedures (botulinum toxin injections, eyelash extensions, eyelid tattooing, dermal fillers injections, etc.) in facial area increases, in particular in the periorbital zone.Purpose: to conduct a comprehensive assessment of clinical and functional parameters characterizing the state of the ocular surface and the tear-producing system in case applying cosmetic procedures in the periorbital area (Botox injections, eyelid tattooing, eyelash extension).Patients and methods. The study included 106 women (212 eyes). Exclusion criteria: early postoperative period after ophthalmosurgical intervention, acute inflammatory diseases of anterior and posterior eye segment, glaucoma, the presence of intraocular pathological changes (hemophthalmia, detachment of the eye membranes, tumors). The average age of the patients included in the study was 36.37 ± 9.0 years.Results and discussion. The results of a comparative evaluation of two groups of patients — a group with a history of cosmetic procedures (tattooing the eyelids, botulinum toxin, dermal fillers, eyelash extensions) in the periorbital zone and patients who did not use such procedures, has showed that cosmetic procedures affect on the clinical and functional eye surfaces state and on morphofunctional state of meibomian glands. Thus, the frequency of detection of symptomocomplex of dry eye syndrome was on 36 % more often determined in the group of patients received cosmetic procedures. It has been shown that the combined effect of cosmetological procedures (tattooing the eyelids, eyelash extensions, injections of dermal fillers and botulinum toxin in the periorbital region) aggravates the course and prognosis of Dry Eye Syndrome and meibomian glands dysfunction. A direct correlation between the severity of complaints characteristic of Dry Eye Syndrome and the number of procedures was found (r = 0.4982, p = 0.0000); the frequency of detecting complaints of dryness and discomfort and the number of procedures (r = 0.6427, p = 0.0000); compression test indices and the number of procedures (r = –0.4712, p = 0.0000); the frequency of occurrence of inflammatory reactions of ocular surface and the number of procedures (r = 0.3778, p = 0.0001). The risk of tear production disturbance — dry eye syndrome and dysfunction of the meibomian glands is higher in patients using botulinum toxin injections and eyelash extension in comparison with patients using eyelid tattooing and injections of fillers with hyaluronic acid in the periorbital zone.

Eyelash status and eye width among ethnic groups in Nigeria

Objective: As the country becomes increasingly ethnically and racially diverse, it is important for surgeons with an interest in eyelid anatomy to have an appreciation and understanding of eyelash and eye width variations that exist in order to plan for and execute ethnically congruent procedures. The eyelash and eye width analysis is an important aspect of patient assessment for plastic surgeons to identify variations from the normal anatomy. The aim of this study is to inform on anatomical variations that exist between selected ethnic groups as a guide for describing the status of the eyelash and eye width. Enlightenment on these variations will help instruct on important cultural aesthetics, which can be used to plan for blepharoplasty [A1] in a diverse patient population. Materials and Methods: Morphometry of eyelashes and eye width was conducted on 389 healthy volunteers comprising of 193 males and 196 females with no eyelash abnormalities and no eyelash extension participated in the study. The Yoruba tribe consisted of 274, the Igbo tribe were 78 and the Hausa tribe were 37 volunteers respectively. Result: The result showed that the Hausa tribe had the longest lashes with mean values in millimeters of 7.80±1.03, 9.35±1.13 and 8.29±1.19 followed by the Yoruba tribe with mean values of 7.40±3.14, 8.58±1.16 and 7.67±1.12 and then the Igbo tribe with mean values of 7.24±0.93, 8.65±0.89 and 7.72±0.83 on the medial, middle and lateral regions respectively. Further analysis also revealed that males had longer upper eyelid eyelashes in the three regions compared to females. With respect to age, volunteers between the ages of 0–19 years had longer eyelashes than those that were between the ages 20–39 years. The ratio of their mean eye width compared to the mean upper eyelash length was at least 5:1 or more across the three tribes. Conclusion: Morphometric analysis of the eyelashes and eye width provides baseline anatomic data relevant in the performance of cultural background sensitive procedures.

Effect of Cosmetic Procedures in the Periorbital Area on the Organ of Vision: Overview

Practitioners in ophthalmology in recent years often face the effects of cosmetic procedures on the paraorbital area, as well as directly on the eyelids. Such influences include botox injections in paraorbital area, blepharoplasty, eyelash extensions, injections of various fillers, etc. These manipulations are widely used and often lead to various complications of the vision organ. Eyelash extensions are a popular procedure, especially among urban, young women, but there are potential health risks from the procedure. Tattooing of eyelids leads is the cause of dysfunction of meibomian glands, which can lead to the dry eye syndrome, manifested as complaints about a feeling of chronic discomfort in the eyes. Due to the growing popularity of the age tattoo, it is necessary to pay close attention to the training of specialists who conduct this procedure. The procedure for permanent eyelid make-up should be performed after careful consideration of possible complications, and by special trained professionals. In recent years, various cosmetic procedures for rejuvenating the face plays great role, for example, injections of botulinum toxin, as well as various dermal fillers — the application of which is aimed at eliminating the aging signs. The qualification of the specialist his awareness of the occurrence of possible complications, as well as the awareness of patients who undergo this procedure is an important aspect in the application of botulinum toxin, both for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Of great interest are the complications associated with ischemia in the form of soft tissue necrosis and vascular occlusion caused by fillers introduction. It is reported that the frequency of vascular occlusion with dermal fillers is up to 3 per 1000 injections. The only proven elimination of soft tissue ischemia in case of a hyaluronic acid filler use is early high-dose hyaluronidase injections, since this drug helps deactivate the action of hyaluronic acid. Modern ophthalmologic practice is inextricably linked with the latest methods of modern cosmetology medicine, the results of it can effect on the functions of the whole organism as the organ of vision in particular. This fact and the specificity of possible complications arising from cosmetic procedures in the periorbital zone should be taken into account during the anamnesis collecting anamnesis, and examining patients, including preoperative preparation, and in choosing the treatment method.

Eyelash extension use among female students in a Tertiary Institution in Nigeria: A study of kaduna polytechnic, Kaduna.

Eyelash extensions involve the attachment of synthetic eyelashes made of chemical fibers or other materials onto natural eyelashes. It has become common practice among Nigerian women for various reasons. Aim/Objectives: The aim is to assess eyelash extension use among students of a higher institution in Nigeria, the reasons for its use and related eye complications. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using structured self-administered questionnaire. Stratified sampling technique was used. The key items in the questionnaire were sociodemographic variables, knowledge and use of eyelashes extension, reasons for the use of eyelashes extension and eye symptoms/complications experienced during such use. A total of 310questionnaires were completely and correctly filled. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 statistical package. There were 310 respondents; the age range was 16-52 with a mean of 23.0 years ± 4.8. The prevalence of eyelash use was 38.7%. Beauty was the most common reason for lash extension 56.1% (n = 174). Others were curiosity, peer pressure, and replacement therapy. The most common complication was itching 45.8% (n = 142). Others were redness, pain, heavy eyelids, loss of lashes, casting of shadow in vision, tearing, burning sensation, foreign body sensation, and boils (stye) on the eyelid. Eyelash extension use is popular among young female students of higher institutions commonly for esthetic reasons (often because they desire to become more beautiful). Majority of them experience one ocular symptom or the other. Attention should, therefore, be paid to the potential health risk of the procedure and its use should be made much safer for our women.

A Case of Contact Dermatitis Caused by Eyelash Extension Glue

A Case of Contact Dermatitis Caused by Eyelash Extension Glue

Clinical Issues

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