According to the structure features of the piston, the method of combining application of finite element simulation and theoretical analysis was explored to determine the extrusion process program and the extrusion process parameters. Theoretical calculation shows that a longitudinal extrusion and a lateral extrusion can form piston. The result comparing simulative prediction with theoretical calculation demonstrates that there is a good fit between the two and the theoretical calculation is right. The result of simulative prediction demonstrates that the grain size of piston after extrusion is about 17.8 μm and the refining rate reaches 55%. The grain size on both sides of the piston skirt and piston internal floor place is about 27 μm, so the refining effect is less obvious than other parts. However, the grain refinement in the piston pin holes is more obvious, the grain is refined to 13 μm and the refining rate is about 67.5%.The result comparing simulative prediction with the experimental analysis demonstrates that there is a good fit in grain refinement between the two.