Extract Of Foeniculum Vulgare Research Articles

Comparing the effects of aerobic exercise and Foeniculum vulgare on pre-menstrual syndrome

Abstract Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been identified by a number of psychological and physical symptoms which occur cyclically in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The present study has been carried out to compare the effects of regular exercise and Foeniculum vulgare extract (fennel) together and separately on PMS in high school girls. Materials and methods: In this randomized clinical trial 48 students aged 16–18 years were selected by filling the daily record of severity of problem questionnaire (DRSP-Q). The participants were divided into four equal groups: the first group received fennel, the second group had aerobic exercise, the third group received fennel along with exercise and the last group was control group without fennel and exercise. Participants filled DRSP-Q three times: the first menstrual cycle before the intervention, the first menstrual cycle after four weeks and finally the first menstrual cycle after eight weeks of intervention. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention the severity of PMS symptoms reduced significantly in experimental groups (fennel, exercise and fennel + exercise) compared to control group ( P Discussions: The result of this study indicated that fennels and exercise could reduce the severity of premenstrual syndrome. In addition, fennel extract and exercise together seem to be more effective on symptoms of anxiety and depression compared with using them alone.

Cytotoxicity of syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol isolated from Foeniculum vulgare on selected human cell lines

This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effect of seven plant extracts and the isolated compounds – syringin and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol – on cancerous and non-cancerous cells. The ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare was found to exhibit the most significant toxicity with an IC50 value of 19.97 μg/mL on HeLa cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two compounds, syringin (1) and 4-methoxycinnamyl alcohol (2). Both compounds showed toxicity against MCF-7, HeLa and DU145 cancer cell line. The results showed that compound 2 showed high toxicity against all the cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 14.24, 7.82 and 22.10 μg/mL, respectively. 4-Methoxycinnamyl alcohol also showed no apoptotic effect in cell cycle analysis after 48 h at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. However, DNA fragmentation study revealed that necrosis took place at a concentration of 10 μg/mL after 48 h exposure.

Microbiological evaluation of antibacterial potentiality of some edible plant extracts against multidrug resistant (MDR) human pathogens

Antimicrobial resistance is a subject of great concern in public health and also in the designing of strategies for current therapeutic protocols all over the world. Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of substances which can be used to treat various infectious diseases. Hence, antibacterial activities of aqueous extracts of 10 plant species were studied against 25 multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates using the agar well diffusion method. The most resistant organisms were Acinetobacter baumanii (A. baumanii) (resistant to 16 different antibiotics), Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) (resistant to 15 different antibiotics), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (resistant to 15 antibiotics), Gemella morbillorum (G. morbillorum) (resistant to 14 different antibiotics), Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) (resistant to 13 different antibiotics) respectively. Among the tested plant extracts, only extracts of Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Foeniculum vulgare, Matricaria chmomilla, Salvia offcinalis and Thymus Vulgaris showed strong antibacterial activity against MDR isolates with inhibition zones ranging from 8.33 to 26 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the most active plant extracts; Allium cepa and Foeniculum vulgare were ranged from 0.062 to 0.25 mg/ml and 0.031 to 0.125 mg/ml, respectively. Foeniculum vulgare extract was bactericidal for all bacteria while Allium cepa extract was bacteriostatic. Hence, the discovered compounds from these plants can use as templates for the development of new antibacterial agents.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v4i1.21162 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, December 2014, 4(1): 336-339

A study of antioxidant activity, enzymatic inhibition and in vitro toxicity of selected traditional Sudanese plants with anti-diabetic potential.

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with life-threatening complications. Despite the enormous progress in conventional medicine and pharmaceutical industry, herbal-based medicines are still a common practice for the treatment of diabetes. This study evaluated ethanolic and aqueous extracts of selected Sudanese plants that are traditionally used to treat diabetes.MethodsExtraction was carried out according to method described by Sukhdev et. al. and the extracts were tested for their glycogen phosphorylase inhibition, Brine shrimp lethality and antioxidant activity using (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and iron chelating activity. Extracts prepared from the leaves of Ambrosia maritima, fruits of Foeniculum vulgare and Ammi visnaga, exudates of Acacia Senegal, and seeds of Sesamum indicum and Nigella sativa.ResultsNigella sativa ethanolic extract showed no toxicity on Brine shrimp Lethality Test, while its aqueous extract was toxic. All other extracts were highly toxic and ethanolic extracts of Foeniculum vulgare exhibited the highest toxicity. All plant extracts with exception of Acacia senegal revealed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging assay.ConclusionsThese results highly agree with the ethnobotanical uses of these plants as antidiabetic. This study endorses further studies on plants investigated, to determine their potential for type 2 diabetes management. Moreover isolation and identification of active compounds are highly recommended.

Effect of the aqueous extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) on the kidney in experimental PCOS female rats.

Foeniculum vulgare seed (F. vulgare) is an herbal plant which is used with phytoestrogene compounds for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treatment. In this research, renoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Foeniculum vulgare (AEF) in experimental PCOS female rats is studied. Forty female rats were randomly divided into five groups. The first group served as control, was injected with an equivalent volume (0.2 ml) of normal saline, and received normal diet. Animals in the second group were non poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats which were treated with intragastric administration of aqueous extract of F. vulgare (150 mg/kg b.w.). In the third group, the rats were treated with intraperitoneal injection of estradiolvalerate (EV) (4 mg in 0.2 ml of sesame oil). The fourth groups were treated with EV and AEF (150mg/kg bw) with the same route. The fifth groups were treated with EV and AEF (100mg/kg bw). After 4 weeks of study, all of the rats were sacrificed, their kidneys tissues were processed for light microscopy, and some biochemical parameters of serum were measured. The mean values of blood urea nitrogen in PCOS rats treated with low dose of AEF and EV and non-treated, was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared with non-PCOS and PCOS rats treated with high dose of AEF. Moreover, histopathological changes of kidney samples were comparable in PCOS rats with respect to treated groups with AEF. Aqueous extract of fennel seed showed the beneficial effect (especially at dose of 150 mg/kg b.w.) on renal function in PCOS rats.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF &lt;i&gt;FOENICULUM VULGARE&lt;/i&gt; MILL. (UMBELLIFERAE) EXTRACT

The importance to push scientifically the investiga tions on the organic extracts of the plants aromati c as potential source of new antimicrobial compounds comes from the traditional use of the plants. However, the consumption of these natural products requires a th orough research in this field. The antimicrobial ef fect of organic and aqueous leaves extracts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., However, which makes difficult this antimicrobial activity, is the insolubility of orga nic extracts in water. The standard M27-T technique is basically used to cure this problem. The microorgan isms under examination were Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Enterococcus hirea , Escherichia coli and Candida albicans . The M27-T technique allowed us to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of different extracts. Therefore, the test’s results showed that the all s amples were clearly different in terms of antimicro bial activities. All extracts of Foeniculum vulgare showed the most activity on all the microorganisms tested. The most significant and active extract under study were methanol and ethyl acetate on all the bacteri a tested in comparaison to the hexane and aqueous ext racts. On the other hand, the results of antimicrob ial activity of aqueous extract were more compelling th an the hexane and dichloromethane extracts when used on Candida albicans (ATCC and CBS) (MIC = 0,78 mg mL -1 ). It then appear that C. albicans ATCC is the least susceptible microorganisms to the ethyl aceta te extract. The chloramphenicol, amoxicillin and amphotericin B were used as standard antibiotics to carry this study.

Effects of Foeniculum vulgare ethanol extract on osteogenesis in human mecenchymal stem cells.

Osteoporosis or silent disease is a major bone disorder in elderly women in current century. Estrogen has an important role in osteogenesis and prevention of bone fractures. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is usually accompanied by such effects as breast and ovary cancers. Thus, there is an increasing demand for replacement with plant phytoestrogens. This study is focused on determining the effects of Foeniculum vulgare extract on proliferation and osteogenesis progress in human mesenchymal stem cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and treated with different amount of plant extracts (0.5 to 100 µg/ml). Extract cytotoxicity was measured using MTT assay. The alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was measured to evaluate the differentiation progress. RESULTS of MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase activity showed that Foeniculum vulgare extract, at range of 5 to 50 µg/ml, may positively affect cell proliferation and mineralization. The most proliferation and enzyme activity were seen with dose of 5 µg/ml. Foeniculum vulgare has been used in Iranian folk medicine for many years. Our in vitro study showed that Foeniculum vulgare extract has osteoprotective effects.

Investigation the effects of extract of Foeniculum vulgare on anxiety in mice

Previous studies indicated that Foeniculum vulgare (FV) as a folk remedy plant that overgrows in the different parts of Iran and suggested that have antinociceptive activity and sedative. In this study, we investigated of anxiolytic effects in different doses of the extracts of FV. In this study, fourty male mice (25-30 gr) were used in elevated plus maze model. Different doses of the extract of FV (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg IP) were injected to the separated groups of Three (test group) and saline were injected to the control group the same volume. At the first time for increasing activity, animals have put inside the black wall box for 5 min. Then animal transfer to the elevated plus maze and evaluation their anxiety reaction that including of number and percent of time spent in open arm. Results indicated that injection of extract of FV reduced reaction anxiety in dose dependently manner and with compare to saline group in the test group animals had more number of entrances and spent more percent time in open arm (P

Assessment of hydroalcoholic extract of Foeniculum vulgare on acute pain in hot plate and tail flick in mice

Since use of antinociceptive chemical drugs for relief of pain have many side effects, medical plants seem very noticeable today. Previous findings indicate that Foeniculum vulgare (FV) modulates pain in both animal and human. The present work investigated the effects of Hydoalcoholic extract of FV on acute pain in Hot plate and Tail flick models. Albino mice (20-30 gr) were used for this study. Hydroalcoholic extract of FV seed was injected in doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg 30 min before test. Then the analgesic effect of the drug on acute pain was evaluated using Hot plate and Tail flick models Results indicated that FV has analgesic effect in both doses in both models (P

Beneficial effects ofFoeniculum vulgareon ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats

To examine the anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of Foeniculum vulgare (FVE) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. FVE was administered by gavage at doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, and famotidine was used at the dose of 20 mg/kg. Following a 60 min period, all the rats were given 1 mL of ethanol (80%) by gavage. One hour after the administration of ethanol, all groups were sacrificed, and the gastric ulcer index was calculated; whole blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), serum nitrate, nitrite, ascorbic acid, retinol and beta-carotene levels were measured in all the groups. It was found that pretreatment with FVE significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage. This effect of FVE was highest and statistically significant in 300 mg/kg group compared with the control (4.18 +/- 2.81 vs 13.15 +/- 4.08, P < 0.001). Also, pretreatment with FVE significantly reduced the MDA levels, while significantly increased GSH, nitrite, nitrate, ascorbic acid, retinol and beta-carotene levels. FVE has clearly a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion, and this effect, at least in part, depends upon the reduction in lipid peroxidation and augmentation in the antioxidant activity.

Effect of spices on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and protozoa counts in in vitro gas production test

The effects of water, methanol and ethanol extracts of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Syzygium aromaticum (clove), Allium sativum (garlic), Allium cepa (onion) and Zingiber officinalis (ginger) on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and ciliate protozoa counts were studied in in vitro gas production test. Gas production was reduced ( P < 0.05) on addition of ethanol and methanol extracts of fennel and clove. Water extract of garlic and all the three extracts of onion caused higher ( P < 0.05) gas production. Ethanol and methanol extracts of cloves and garlic and methanol extract of fennel inhibited ( P < 0.05) methane production. However, water extracts of these products and all extracts of onion and ginger had no effect on methane production. Total volatile fatty acids were higher ( P < 0.05) in the medium on inclusion of extracts of garlic and onion. All extracts of garlic and methanol extract of fennel caused a decrease in molar proportion of acetate and acetate to propionate ratio. Methanol and ethanol extracts of clove decreased dry matter degradability (DMD). The ethanol and methanol extracts of clove caused a decrease ( P < 0.05) while extracts of onion, ginger and garlic caused an increase ( P < 0.05) in protozoa numbers. Plant secondary metabolites extracted in ethanol and methanol from garlic appear to have a potential to reduce rumen methanogenesis without affecting rumen fermentation adversely.

The vascular action of aqueous extracts of Foeniculum vulgare leaves

The vascular effects of aqueous extracts of Foeniculum vulgare leaves were tested using pentobarbital-anaesthetised rats. An intravenous administration of the lyophilized boiled water extract of leaves produced a significant dose-related reduction in arterial blood pressure, without affecting the heart rate or respiratory rate. In contrast the non-boiled aqueous extract showed very little hypotensive activity. The hypotensive effect of the boiling water extract appeared not to be mediated via adrenergic, muscarinic, ganglionic or serotonergic receptors; however, histamine antagonists inhibited the hypotensive effect in a dose-related manner.

生薬を用いたリキュールについて

Making of herbal liqueur using sake was investigated. The extracts of 23 kinds of medical herbs by 40% alcohol were tested whether they were matched to sake or not.The most suitable composition for liqueur quality using the extracts of medical herbs was determined by sensory evaluation as alcohol 15. 1%, direct sugar 3.3%, acidity O. 6, amino acidity O. 8 and mixture of herbs. The composition of mixture of herbs added to sake was 1. 0% extract of Foeniculum vulgare, 0.2% extract of Curcuma domestica, 2. 0% extract of Cinnamomum cassia and 0. 2% extract of Mentha arvensis.

A biogenic approach for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Foeniculum vulgare and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Abstract. Bonde S. 2011. A biogenic approach for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Foeniculum vulgare and its activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 59-63. We report green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel, saunf). The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was detected by changing color from green to brown after treatment with AgNO3 (1mM) and the UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis showed the absorbance peak at about 427 nm, which indicates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticle Tracking and Analysis (NTA) by LM-20 was used for multi-parameter analysis, allowing for characterization of particle size and particle distribution of silver nanoparticles synthesized from extract of F. vulgare. NTA revealed the polydispersed nanoparticles in the range of 18-83 nm. Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC-39403). The silver nanoparticles also demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity against two human pathogenic bacteria when used in combination with commercially available antibiotics. The bactericidal activity of the standard antibiotics was significantly enhanced in presence of silver nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria, viz. E. coli-JM-103 (ATCC-39403) and S. aureus (ATCC-25923). Silver nanoparticles in combination with vancomycin showed maximum activity against E. coli (increase in fold area 5.76. and followed by S. aureus (1.08) and Gentamicin showed the maximum activity S. aureus (2.6) while E. coli (0.96). The approach of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles using F. vulgare appears to be cost-efficient, eco-friendly and easy alternative to conventional methods of synthesis.