Reconstruction of the country’s territorial organization and overcoming pronounced Western eccentricity are impossible without intellectual decolonization. In this direction finds itself the concept of the siberization of the country, developed by S.A. Karaganov, as a change in the vector of its development in all spheres. One of the most important provisions of this concept is that climate warming will make the southern regions of Siberia much more favorable for life, which will contribute to a gradual change in its specialization, shifting the focus from the development of extractive industries to the development of manufacturing industries with high added value. The construction of new cities with significantly better quality of the urban environment, which has already begun, will attract representatives of the “creative class” and create objective prerequisites for the development of the most modern, breakthrough technologies. Of particular importance is the old idea of the economist I.A. Witwer that the changes in the most important world trade routes were not the consequences of the rise and decline of empires but preceded them. In the light of this theory, the development of the North Sea Route, if it reaches the level of a powerful international transport artery, will be an important factor contributing to the rise of Russia as a world power. The challenges of the frontier will have a huge “rejuvenating” impact on the development of the country, since pioneer development is a venture process that requires talent and risk taking. Accordingly, Siberia’s most important function is not as a breadwinner of a country that supplies all kinds of resources, but as a giant testing ground, a kind of laboratory of the future