Tuber Extract Research Articles

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some Orchid (Orchidaceae) Species Growing in Turkey

HIGHLIGHTS Phytocomponent content of each sample is quite high and different from each other. Tuber extract of Orchis purpurea is the most effective againts to pathogens. Most of the extracts are better antioxidants than ascorbic acid according to DPPH test results.

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPPND) control in Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) used inulin source from Dahlia uber (Dahlia variabilis Willd.)

The effect of Inulin derived from Dahlia tubers as a functional diet on the growth of white legs shrimp was studied to see its impact on AHPND infection. The research was conducted in a fiber tank filled with 500 L of seawater sterilized with chlorine and stocked with 100 PL30 shrimps/container. Shrimp were treated with feed containing Inulin extract from dahlia tubers at a dose of 2.5%, 5.0%, and 5.0% commercial Inulin and compared with a control. Each treatment was given 2 replications. Shrimp were then challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain AHPND at a density of 106 CFU/mL. The live shrimp were then processed histopathologically to view the microanatomical gut structure (midgut). The results showed that the mean survival of the shrimp in the control and 2.5% Inulin treatment groups was 97.3 ± 1.15% and 97.3 ± 2.3%, respectively, and the 5% Inulin treatment and commercial Inulin were each 96.9 ± 2.7%. Histopathological observations on Inulin treatment of 2.5% dahlia tuber extract and commercial Inulin showed that shrimp intestine had more lactic acid bacteria abundance than control and 5% Inulin extract. In conclusion, shrimp treated with inulin can reduce the risk of shrimp being infected with AHPND.

Metabolite Profiling of Extract and Fractions of Bidara Upas (Merremia Mammosa (Lour.) Hallier F.) Tuber Using UPLCQToF-MS/MS

Bidara upas (Merremia mammosa (Lour.) Hallier f.) tuber is empirically used to treat respiratory disorders and tuberculosis. The pharmacological effect is due to the activity of various secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the metabolite profile of M. mammosa tuber ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-butanol fraction. The dried powder of the tuber of M. mammosa was extracted with 96% ethanol. Then, liquid-liquid fractionation was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol as solvents. As much as 5 µl of each sample was injected into the UPLC-QToF-MS/MS and analyzed using the MassLynx 4.1 software and the ChemSpider and MassBank online databases. After identifying each compound, information regarding its activity was retrieved from the scientific literature. Metabolite profiling revealed that the 96% ethanol extract of M. mammosa yielded 61 compounds, with the n-hexane fraction yielding 64 compounds, the ethyl acetate fraction yielding 54 compounds, and the butanol fraction yielding 44 compounds. According to the findings of this study, the metabolite profiles of each M. mammosa tuber extract and fractions were distinct. Several compounds in these extracts and fractions may have antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other properties; hence, more studies are required to determine their potential.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS TUBER ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTIVITY IN MICE

Objective: The objective of the present study was to perform phytochemical screening and to carry out a comparative study on aqueous and ethanolic extract of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber on central nervous system (CNS) activity in Swiss albino mice. Methods: A. paeoniifolius tuber was collected, shed dried, and powdered. Extracts of the powder were prepared separately using ethanol and water. Phytochemical screening was also done from the extract. The animals were divided in six groups. Group 1 received DMSO solution (Control). Group 2 animals received Diazepam (1.5 mg/kg, standard). Groups 3 and 4 received A. paeoniifolius aqueous extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively). Groups 5 and 6 received A. paeoniifolius ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, respectively). In vivo CNS activities of the extracts were checked by actophotometer, rotarod, and forced swim test. Results: The extracts show presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, reducing sugar, carbohydrate, and tannin. The aqueous and ethanolic extract of A. paeoniifolius tuber showed significant decrease in locomotor activity when compared to control. Among the extracts, the 400 mg/kg ethanolic extract shows maximum CNS depression. All the extracts showed significant muscle relaxant similar to the standard drug. The extracts also exhibited significant increase in immobility time in a dose-dependent manner in forced swim test. Conclusion: The aqueous and ethanolic extract of A. paeoniifolius tuber (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg) shows significant CNS depressant and muscles relaxant and anxiolytic properties.

In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of Tacca Tubers (Tacca leontopetaloides) from Banyak Island, Aceh Singkil Regency, Indonesia, as Antihypercholesterolemia Agents

Tacca leontopetaloides (T. leontopetaloides) contain a number of active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, steroids, and alkaloids. The active compounds from plants have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by lowering cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzym A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity. This study aims to investigate the potential active compounds in the ethanolic extract of Tacca tubers (T. leontopetaloides) from the Banyak Islands, Aceh Singkil Regency, Aceh Province both in vitro and in silico. Tacca tubers contain secondary metabolites including flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, steroids and saponins, according to phytochemical screening. In vitro investigation of ethanolic extract of Tacca tuber revealed inhibitory activity of HMG Co-A reductase with an IC50 value of 4.92 ppm. Based on the in silico study, active compound from the extract, namely Stigmasterol with the highest binding affinities with HMG Co-A reductase (-7.2 kcal/mol). As a comparison, the inhibition of HMG Co-A reductase activity by simvastatin with an IC50 4.62 ppm and binding affinity -8.0 Kcal/mol. Our findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of Tacca tuber (T. leontopetaloides) from Banyak Islands, Aceh Province has the potential to inhibit the activity of HMG Co-A reductase.

Metabolome analysis of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soo reveals a significant antioxidant and nutritional potential of its tubers

Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D.Don) Soo (Vern. Salam Panja) is a highly valued terrestrial dietary orchid from Himalaya, whose tubers are traded for possessing medicinal uses to human health benefits. The current research was focused on chemical exploration, along with evaluation of the nutritional and antioxidant potential, of its tuber extracts, which were procured from traders as well as from its natural habitats. Total phenolics, flavonoids, sugars, amino acids, macro- and micro- elements were estimated in the tuber extracts. It was found that phenolics and flavonoids (73.61 ± 0.92 and 48.59 ± 0.71 mg/g) were higher in methanolic extracts of marketed sample (DH 2 ) than DH 1 , the methanolic extract of sample collected from natural habitat. The free amino acids and sugars were also found promisingly. The extracts showed antioxidant potentials with IC 50 ranges from 1.58 to 4.41 and from 0.19 to 0.48, mg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Further, UPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of vanillic acid in all samples (ranging from 0.21 to 0.58 mg/g). Further, dactylorhin A (0.12–0.81 mg/g) and B (0.62–0.88 mg/g) were also determined in all the samples except water extract (DH 5 ). Further, UHPLC-QTOF-IMS analysis enabled the identification of 152 diversified metabolites such as sugars, terpenoids, steroids, amino acids, polyphenols, nucleosides, saponins, organic and fatty acids. The heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pd, As) were absent while the micro- (Mn, Na, Zn, Cu) and macro- (Ca, Fe, Mg, K) elements were present in tubers. Furthermore, the variability in diversity of targeted metabolites was visualized using multivariate analysis and accounting 77.169 and 17.62% variance in PC1 and PC2 components, respectively. The current finding unleashed the chemical information including tentative biosynthesis of metabolites, nutraceutical and medicinal values of dietary orchid. Thus, this research will contribute to future agricultural and biotechnological interventions for a higher quality produce, thereby reducing ‘over-exploitation’ pressures on natural populations and also contributing to sustainable generation of this important bioresource. . • Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in methanolic extracts of D. hatagirea tubers. • Vanillic acid, dactylorhin A and dactylorhin Bwere quantified using UPLC-PDA. • The environmental toxins (Cd, Hg, Pd, As) were absent in all the extracts. • 152 metabolites were identified using UHPLC-QTOF-IMS and METLIN database in D. hatagirea . • DPPH and ABTS assays revealed antioxidant activity.

Kinerja Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Lele (Clarian gariepinus) Yang Diberi Prebiotik Ekstrak Umbi Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) dan Probiotik Lacticaseibacillus paracasei

This study aimed to evaluated the growth performance of dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus). In this study, ant nest tuber extract and probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei were mixed into feed with the coated method without the addition of ant nest tuber extract and probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (A), 1% ant nest tuber extract (B), probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 1% (C). and a combination of ant nest tuber extract and probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei each 1% (D). Fish with an initial body weight of 1.5 - 2 g were kept in 3 ponds (15x10x1.5) m3 with a total of 12 hapa nets measuring 1x1x1 (m3) (45 fish / hapa nets). Fish were fed treatment with three replications for 35 days. The best feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, daily growth rate and absolute weight growth were found in the African catfish fry group that consumed a combination of feed supplementation with 1% dose of ant nest tuber extract and 1% dose of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, each of 185.47%. , 0,55,7,79%, and 20,80 gr

Feeding of glucomannans and anthocyanins combination in the containing microparticle protein on fat digestibility and fat deposition on broiler chicken

This study aims to evaluate the effects of combination of glucomannan and anthocyanin in feeds containing protein microparticles on fat digestibility and fat deposition in broiler chickens. The 216 healthy 7-day-old broiler chicks strain CP 707 was used with treatment of glucomannan from porang tuber extract and anthocyanins from purple sweet potato extract. The study was arranged by a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern with treatment consisting of 2 factors (A and B). In A, there were 3 glucomannan treatments, A1 (0%), A2 (0.05%) and A3 (0.1%), while in B contained 3 anthocyanin treatments, B1 (0), B2 (0.07%) and B3 (0.14%) with 3 replications. The measure was fat digestibility, precentage of abdominal fat and meat fat mass. The data were analyzed for variance at the 5% level and continued with Duncan's double test at the 5% level. The results showed that the addition of a combination of glucomannan and anthocyanin in the feed containing protein microparticles had an interaction (P<0.05) on fat digestibility, meat fat mass and relative weight of abdominal fat in broiler chickens. The addition of a combination of 0.1% glucomannan and 0.14% anthocyanin (A3B3) in the feed containing microparticle protein was able to reduce fat digestibility, relative abdominal fat weight and meat fat mass in broiler chickens.

Pengaruh Alelokimia Ekstrak Ubi Talas (Collocasia esculenta) dan Umbi Gadung (Discorea hispida dennst.) terhadap Perkecambahan Gulma Asystasia gangetica

The presence of Asystasia gangetica weed in oil palm plantations is detrimental and need to be controlled. One alternative to control weeds is by utilizing allelochemical compounds as bioherbicides. This study aimed to determine the allelochemical effect of taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta L.) and gadung tubers (Dioscorea hispida) extracts on the germination of A. gangetica weeds. The research was carried out at the Weed Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from November to December 2021. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, the first factor was the concentration of the extract: 0% (Control), 10%, 20% and 30%. The second factor was the source of the extract: taro tubers and gadung tubers. The homogeneity test of variance is using the Bartlett test. If the assumptions are met, the data analysis is continued with the variance test and the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. The results showed that extracts of taro and gadung tubers at 10%, 20%, and 30% concentrations were able to inhibit germination and reduce the speed of germination of A. gangetica weeds. The inhibitory power of gadung tubers and taro tubers extracts at 20% and 30% concentrations were able to inhibit germination and the speed of germination up to 100%. The inhibition of taro tuber extract was higher than gadung tuber on germination rate of A. gangetica weed.Key words: Asystasia gangetica, allelopathy, germination, taro, yam

Pengaruh Ekstrak Umbi Gadung (Discorea hispida Dennst) Tarhadap Hama Daun Sawi

Pests that often attack mustard plants are armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.), tritip caterpillar (Plutella xylostella L.), leaf caterpillar (Crocidolomia binotalis Z.), a common pest that also often attacks mustard plants is the cabbage caterpillar (Hellula undalis F. ), green steamed grasshopper (Atractomorpha crenulata), and snail (Helix pomatia). One of the efforts in controlling Plant Pest Organisms (OPT), this study aims to determine the effect of gadung tuber extract (Discorea hispida Dennst) in controlling the level of damage caused by mustard leaf pests. This vegetable pesticide comes from plants that contain toxins but the residue left does not interfere with the surrounding environment. The treatment of gadung tuber extract given in this study were water control, chemical control and four treatments of botanical pesticide concentration. This research lasted for 35 days from seeding to harvest. The results showed that each treatment had a different attack intensity level. The treatment of gadung tuber extract has the effect of being used as a botanical pesticide against mustard leaf pests because the K4 treatment (10 ml) with an attack intensity percentage of 7.97 showed the best results in controlling the level of damage to mustard leaf pests.

Potential investigation of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activities in In vitro Root tubers of Holostemma annulare (Roxb.)K Schum

Holostemma annulare is a twining perennial shrub belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae with therapeutic and pharmacological potentialities. The root tuber of the plant is rich in antioxidants and have been suggested as potential sources of anti-inflammatory compounds. Thus the antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities of the methanolic in vivo and in vitro root tuber extracts of the H. annulare with wide spread use in folk medicine were evaluated in this study. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydrogen peroxide, Superoxide scavenging and Reducing power activity assays. In addition, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol root tuber extracts was evaluated by proteinase inhibition assay, COX and LOX assays. The results revealed that in vitro root tuber extracts possesses significant antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities to the extent of in vivo tubers and thus can be explored as an important sources of novel antioxidant and anti- inflammatory agents. This application also emphasizes the potential utilization of in vitro tubers of the species for drug formulations.

Enzyme inhibitory activity of Dioscorea nipponica Makito hydroethanolic extracts of leaves and tubers in relation to their major secondary metabolites

Different anatomical parts of Dioscorea nipponica Makito have been used in foods and folk medicines for their nutritional and pharmacological properties; however, the scientific data on enzyme inhibitory activities and phytochemicals in plant extracts remain rather scarce. Such information is important for expanding possible uses of plant origin preparations in nutrition. This study, using commonly applied assays, evaluated inhibitory activity of 70% ethanol extract of D. nipponica leaves and tubers against such physiologically important enzymes as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acethylcholinesterase, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Inhibition of α-glucosidase and acethylcholinesterase required lower leaf extract concentrations as compared with other two enzymes. The IC50 values of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition were 66.08 and 438 μg/mL, respectively, while the inhibition of ACE at 250–1250 μg/mL was from 28.02 ± 1.17% to 77.13 ± 0.78%. The mode of inhibition of α-glucosidase and acethylcholinesterase was evaluated by the kinetic studies. Leaf and tuber extracts displayed a mixed-type non-competitive mode of α-glucosidase inhibition. Phytochemical composition of extracts was determined by UPLC-QTOF/MS and HPLC-UV methods. Leaf extract was remarkably stronger enzyme inhibitor than tuber extract and it may be explained by the differences in the secondary metabolite composition. Quinic, chlorogenic acids and quercetin glycosides, which are well-known enzyme inhibitors, were the main phytochemicals in the leaf extract, while steroidal glycosides, peptides and oligomeric sugars were the major constituents in the tuber extract. It is expected that new knowledge on D. nipponica will serve for its valorisation in developing new health beneficial ingredients for functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Bio-effect of aqueous extract of Cyclamen rohlfsianum on some pathogenic bacteria

Cyclamen rohlfsianum is a species endemic to Libya, antimicrobial biological activities have not been studied, Therefore, this study was conducted to test a biological effect of an aqueous extract of leaves and tubers of Cyclamen rohlfsianum at concentrations (25, 50and 100) mg/ml against some types of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) to a sensitivity test by a disk diffusion method. The results showed Cyclamen rohlfsianum extracts have good inhibitory activity against all tested bacteria except for E.coli, a concentration of 100 mg/ml was the most effective to control bacteria, the results showed that tuber extracts are more efficient than leaf extracts, E.coli was the most resistant to aqueous extracts and Gentamicin.

Induction of apoptosis on breast adenocarcinoma and suppression of pathogenic bacterial growth by antioxidant rich tuber extract of Dioscorea Bulbifera

Nature derived product drew a lot of interest because of their potential nutritional and therapeutics value. Most natural compounds are now processed and developed as possible antioxidative, antimitotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and anti-carcinogenic pharmaceutical agents. Indeed, several natural products have been used as lead compounds in the development of most potent physiologically relevant chemicals for therapeutic application. In the current study antioxidant and anticancer potential of tuber extract of Dioscorea bulbifera have been determined as well as its antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria. The IC50 value for the extract was found to be 55µg/ml for MCF-7 and 75µg/ml for MD-AMB-231 human breast cancer adenocarcinoma whereas minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the methanolic extract against S. aureus was 0.19 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 1.56 mg/ml. Further to identify compounds responsible for antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activity GCMS analysis of the extract was conducted. Histopathological and haematological assay were carried out on animal model to identify any toxic effect of extract on vital organ system. This study may be used to provide the groundwork for the creation of novel nature-derived drugs whose biological activity can be determined by further purification, characterization, and validation of the active phytochemicals and their mechanism of action.

Utilization of water extract of yellow potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in hydrogel eye mask as anti-aging formulation

The thinness and sensitivity of the skin in the area under the eyes cause the skin in this area to easily show signs of aging. Hydrogel masks contain quite a lot of water, so during use this mask will moisturize the skin longer. A hydrogel eye mask containing yellow potato tuber water extract is used for the prevention of premature aging, especially under the eyes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hydrogel eye mask preparations containing water extract of yellow potato tubers can provide an anti-aging effect. Material and methods: The yellow potato tuber water extract was screened for phytochemicals, then formulated into a hydrogel eye mask with a concentration of 0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1 %. Evaluation of the hydrogel eye mask preparation includes organoleptic, weight, thickness, pH test, tensile test, swelling power, shrinkage, stability, cycling test, hedonic test, and anti-aging. Anti-aging parameters measured include moisture, pores, blemishes, and wrinkles. The treatment was carried out for four weeks by applying the mask twice a week. Results: The results showed that all hydrogel eye mask formulas were stable during storage and cycling tests. All formulas meet pH values, shrinkage, elasticity, swellability, and irritation tests. The hedonic test on volunteers shows the most preferred concentration of 1 %. The results of the anti-aging effectiveness test of the best hydrogel eye mask preparation is a concentration of 1 % with an increase in humidity of 27 %, a decrease in pores of 35.8 %, blemishes of 40 %, and wrinkles of 37.6 Conclusion: That the different concentrations of each formula showed different anti-aging activities and the best formula was 1 % with moisture values of 27 %, pore values of 35.8 %, blemishes of 40 %, and wrinkles values of 37.6 %, which indicated anti-aging activity

Screening for insecticidal toxicity of Urginea maritima (L.) bulbs and Asphodelus microcarpus (L.) tubers for the control of Tribolium castaneum (Tenebrionidae)

ABSTRACT This research was conducted to determine the effect of geographical distribution on morphological characteristics of plants and some chemical compounds such as polyphenols. Moreover, we explore the contact toxicity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts from Urginea maritima bulbs and Asphodelus microcarpus tubers collected from three localities in the North West of Tunisia against Tribolium castaneum adults. The toxicity results demonstrated that both of the studied plant extracts had an effective control against T. castaneum at concentration 7.5 µL/L air, thus total mortality reached. In addition, results showed plant extracts with methanol exhibited high mortality percentage of T. castaneum. On the other hand, results revealed that chemical composition of U. maritime bulbs and A. microcarpus tuber extract depends on the soil components and geographical distribution of plants. The present investigation confirmed that A. microcarpus and U. maritima may be recommended as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic insecticide against T. castaneum.

Properties of Bio-Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Tuber and Leaf Extracts of Manihot esculenta

Bio-silver nanoparticle using plant extract has been the subject of many studies nowadays. Researchers use various plant extracts, especially the popular plant from their places. This study aims to synthesize AgNPs using leaf and tuber extracts of M. esculenta Crantz and to characterize their properties to be compared one to another. The characterization includes surface plasmon resonance wavelength using UV-VIS spectroscopy, the chemical bonds related to the extract on the surface of the particles using FTIR spectroscopy, shape and size of the particles using TEM, and antibacterial properties using the disc diffusion method. Each tuber and leaf extract AgNPs were formed a few minutes after mixing silver nitrate with each extract indicated by the change of the color from transparent to yellowish-brown. The color of the sample was quantified by the wavelength of surface plasmon resonance which was found to be 425 nm for tuber extract AgNPs and 430 nm for leaf extract AgNPs. The results of FTIR spectroscopy indicate the presence of the extract at the surface of nanoparticles for both samples. The particles are mostly spherical, but the diameters of the leaf extract AgNPs are relatively smaller than those of the tuber extract AgNPs. The results of antibacterial assays of both samples show that both AgNPs inhibit the growth of S. aureus as effectively as they inhibit the growth of E. coli.

Formulation of Wound Healing Transdermal Patch from Tubers Extract of Momordica Cymbalaria and its In-vitro Evaluation

Developing wound infection in type Ⅰ or Ⅱ diabetic people had risk complications like gangrene. Although there are enough antibiotic ointments or creams, still it needs physician dressing and continuous monitoring of wound. So, to make it simple and more effective, a combination of transdermal drug delivery route with herbal usage contribute in controlled release of medication with minimum undesirable side effects. And also help to treat wound infections by self-medication. This work is focused, to formulate wound healing transdermal patch for diabetics with Momordica cymbalaria tuber extract. A sequence of techniques was performed to analyse antioxidant content then Starch assay was performed In vitro to evaluate its healing efficacy, determine cytotoxicity using zebra fish embryos and artemia salina using hexane extract of tuber. Optimized combination is used to prepare Patch by solvent evaporation method then evaluated the patch by organoleptic and physico-chemical properties. The result proofs, the tuber extract had Strong Antioxidant activity whereas weak cytotoxicity showed in two concentration (25 and 50µg/ml) towards brine shrimp lethality assay and fish embryo toxicity. High migration rate found in 25µg/ml and 50µg/ml in scratch assay using Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Evaluated the patch for its organoleptic and physico-chemical properties, it shows good result. As a final observation of the study, bio compounds present in tuber extract proved to enhance wound healing and could pave way as alternate to the synthetic wound healing patches owing to its ecofriendly, economical and herbal nature be natural replacement to hasten wound healing especially in diabetic patients.

Study of the molecular-structural composition of alcoholic extracts of radio-induced potato tubers by mass spectrometry and EPR

This article presents data on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and mass spectrometric analysis of potato tubers, irradiated with gamma rays, in order to examine and identify changes in the molecular composition of organic matter following radiation exposure. The products of the Maillard reaction were compared with the products of intramolecular radiolysis of organic constituents of potatoes. The presence of free radicals was verified using EPR. DDPM (2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 (H) -pyran-4-one) was among the radiolysis products detected via mass spectrometry, which points to the intramolecular dehydration of potato carbohydrates. EPR signals indicate single-electron transitions of the semidione radical anionic molecular compounds. It has been shown that irradiation with gamma rays significantly destroys the carbohydrate, lipid, keto-carotene and amino acid molecules of potatoes.

Potential Antioxidative Activity of Waste Product of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.).

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Antioxidants are substances that can deactivate free radicals. Phenol and flavonoid are antioxidant compounds widely found in plants, including purple sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L.). This research aimed to investigate three purple sweet potato-based organs' antioxidative activity and flavonoid contents. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Antioxidative activities, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were performed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Pearson's method analyzed the correlation of TPC and TFC with antioxidative activities and the correlation between two antioxidative testing methods. <b>Results:</b> Antioxidative activity of three organs purple sweet potato using DPPH method showed values varied from 6.572-290.894 mg AAE g<sup>1</sup> and using CUPRAC method varied from 25.169-621.254 mg AAE g<sup>1</sup>. The highest TPC was found in ethanolic leaves extract (20.885 g GAE 100 g<sup>1</sup>), while the highest TFC was found in ethyl acetate leaves extract (10.048 g QE 100 g<sup>1</sup>). <b>Conclusion:</b> DPPH and CUPRAC tests revealed that purple sweet potato leaves, stem and tuber extracts were potent antioxidants. The potential antioxidative activity was found in the waste product of purple sweet potatoes (leaves and stem). Phenol and flavonoid compounds had contributors to antioxidative activity. DPPH and CUPRAC methods gave linear results for most of the antioxidative activity in three organs of purple sweet potato. Ethanol stem extract contained luteolin 7-O-glucoside, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin. Rutin had the highest content, which was 0.399%.