Moringa Oleifera Extract Research Articles

Use of Diaion HP20 Resin to Achieve High Rutin Containing Moringa oleifera Extract: Its Solubility and Anti-Bacterial Properties and Possible Applications in Nebulizer Formulation for COVID Patients

Rutin with several pharmacological properties has been reported to be an effective inhibitor for SARS-COV-2 viral protease. Due to lack of specific drugs available for treatment of covid infection, hunt is on for possible herbal supplements that will impact multiplication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and also provide immunity to people against such infections. We report a simple and cost-effective method for extraction of rutin from Moringa oleifera, a plant with high nutritive value due to its rich contents in minerals, vitamins and other essential phytochemicals. The solubility of rutin in water was achieved using rutin-arginine mixture (identified as a good water-soluble version of rutin) and tested for its antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli by MIC studies and compared with rutin solubilized in methanol. Our results demonstrate easy scale of the rutin extraction process and such a process could be applicable to extraction of rutin from other medicinal plants as well. We demonstrate that rutin purified through column chromatography has 20% higher solubility in water and maintains its anti-bacterial properties against Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli. Our findings reveal new possibilities of using resin column chromatography for concentrating rutin from plant extracts. Also, potential use of water soluble rutin is envisaged for development of nebulizers for treatment of asthma, hyperglycemia, and pneumonia, seen in COVID-19 affected patients.

Inhibition of crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate using leaves from different species of Moringa – Experimental and theoretical studies

The effect of Moringa leaves on the inhibition of crystallization of calcium oxalate, a key component of kidney stone, has been assessed by experimental and theoretical methods. Specifically, methanol-water extracts of Moringa oleifera and Moringa peregrina leaves have been considered as inhibitors for the crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate. Studies based on turbidity measurements, microscopy of crystals, as well as calcium content in mixtures with and without the leaf extracts have revealed greater inhibitory potential in the case of M. oleifera as compared to M. peregrina. Modelling of the interactions between a representative fragment of calcium oxalate monohydrate with selected phytochemicals present in both leaves enables us to propose a possible mechanism of inhibition.

Moringa oleifera-Loaded Nanocomposite Scaffolds Augment Bone Injury Healing in a Rat Model of Critical Sized Bone Defect: A Potential Treatment Strategy for Nursing Care in Fracture Patients

Nursing and medical care for facture patients is challenged by several issues such as unavailability of a suitable bone graft, challenges associated with autologous bone graphing, and rejection of the bone graft. In the current study, Moringa oleifera extract was loaded into chitosan nanoparticles and the resulting delivery system was added into a collagen solution and lyophilized to produce a bioactive bone graft. Various In vitro experiments were performed to characterize the nanocomposite scaffolds and their healing function was evaluated in a rat model of calvarial defect. In vitro studies showed that the scaffolds protected MG-63 cells against oxidative stress and had a porous microstructure. Histopathological studies showed that the scaffolds loaded with Moringa oleifera extract augmented bone injury healing to a higher extent than other groups. Furthermore, gene expression studies showed that the rats treated with Moringa oleifera extract-loaded scaffolds had significantly higher tissue expression levels of osteopontin, Osteonectin, collagen type 1, collagen type 2, and VEGFa genes.

Moringa oleifera extract regulates the expression of some sickle cell related genes in normal Wistar rats

Context: In the current study, we employed gene-regulatory based approach to underscore the putative mechanism of how components of Moringa oleifera (MO) ethanol extract exert its antisickling effects. Aims: To evaluate the relationship between mRNA expression profiles of some sickle cell related genes in normal rats. Methods: Normal Wistar rats were administered with MO at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight and the positive control group administered with folic acid for 14 days. The bone marrow and kidneys were harvested, followed by RT-PCR to assess the expression of Gardos channel [kccn1, kccn4], antioxidant [CAT, G6PD], and progression of meiosis [p21, p27] genes. Hematological parameters were also analyzed. Results: A downregulation of the Gardos channel genes (KCNN-4 and KCNN-1) was observed on MO intervention at 100 mg/kg while folic acid showed no significant expression. Significantly (p<0.05), MO intervention increased antioxidant system in sickle cell anemia scenario due to the expression pattern of antioxidant genes analyzed in this study and caused changes in hematological parameters such as PCV, HBC, MCH relative to the control groups. Conclusions: The study concluded that the administration of the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaf increased blood production, has high antioxidant properties and reduced the expression of the Gardos channel pathway. These are important factors in the management of sickle cell disease and MO could be a candidate of interest in drug development.

The Potency of Lactobacillus fermentum and Moringa oleifera Extract with different Fermentation Time to improve the Nutrient content of Fermented Rice Bran

The aim of the study was to evaluate Lactobacillus fermentum (L.fermentum) and Moringa oleifera (M.oleifera) extract for the future development synbiotic to improve the nutrient content of rice bran fermented products to support health. The treatments are divided into 7 treatments: 1:control (without probiotic and without M.oleifera extract); 2:(1% L. fermentum); 3:(1% L. fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract); 4:(1% L. fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract); 5:(2% L. fermentum; 6:(2% L. fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract); 7:(2% L. fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract), and then incubated at 37ºC, 24 hours. Isolate L. fermentum (108 cfu/ml) which has been incubated with M. oleifera extract, then sprayed on the rice bran according to the each treatment, then incubated an aerob condition for 5 and 10 days. After the fermentation period was complete, a proximate analysis was carried out. Results: The addition of L. fermentum and M.oleifera extract could increase the crude protein content from 12.66% to 15.94% (2% L.fermentum + 2% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), decrease crude fiber from 21.28% to 13.50% (2% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), increase nitrogen free extract (NFE) from 43.81% to 51.53% (2% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract on 5 days of fermentation), increase metabolizable energy (ME) from 3006.97 kcal/kg to 3294.96 kcal/kg (1% L.fermentum + 1% M.oleifera extract, on 5 days of fermentation). The addition of 1% and 2% L.fermentum as probiotic and 1% and 2% Moringa oleifera extract as prebiotic had potential properties as synbiotic.

Chemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera Leaves of Ethanol Extract and its Cytotoxicity against Enterococcus faecalis of Root Canal Isolate

Moringa oleifera has been famous as a natural medicine due to its rich vitamins, minerals, and flavonoids. However, the study of its effect on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is limited. This study analyzes the chemical constituents of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves using GC-MS and assessing the toxicity against E. faecalis. Moringa oleifera leaves were extracted by ethanol, evaporated, and the concentrated extract was analyzed using GC-MS instruments. The effect of cytotoxic of Moringa oleifera against E. faecalis was investigated by morphological and coagulation cells; also, the toxicity area was evaluated by ImageJ software. The GC-MS Spectrum was confirmed by NIST databased resulted in 17 different compounds including Alpha-butyrolactone, 1,3-cyclopentanedione, Glycerin, Cis-1,2,6-trimethylpiperidine, 1,2-epoxy cyclohexane, benzeneacetaldehyde, Isobutyraldehyde, propylhydrazone, 2-pyrrolidinone, 2-butenamide,2-cyano-3-hydroxy, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, 2-trideuteromethoxy-3-methyl pyrazine, Benzeneacetonitrile,4-hydroxy-, 1,2,3,3a,4,8b-hexahydrocyclopenta[b]indole, 1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-cyclohexane carboxylic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, n-cbz-beta-alanine, and 3-(2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-3-yl)phenol. These active compounds are involved in the cytotoxicity against E. faecalis. The Moringa oleifera leaves have better toxicity at lower concentrations (12.5% and 6.25%) with 24 hours of incubating.: At least 17 chemical components were detected in the ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves with quinic acid, glycerol, and DDMP as the most abundant compound. They probably affect the toxicity of E. faecalis cells.

Ameliorative Effects of Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera Extracts on Cognitive Impairment in Diabetic Wistar Rats

This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera on cogni-tive impairment in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rats. The animals were allotted into eight groups of five. Group 1 were not induced nor treated. Diabetes was induced with alloxan (135 mg/kg body weight) in groups 2-8. Group 2 which served as diabetic control received distilled water (10 mL/kg). Groups 3-8 were administered ethanol extracts of V. amygdalina (200 mg), M. oleifera (500 mg), V. amygdalina (400 mg), M. oleifera (1,500 mg), V. amygdalina (300 mg) + M. oleifera (1,000) mg, and Metformin (14.29 mg) per kg body weights respectively, for 28 days starting 72 h post induction of diabetes. Novel object recognition, T-maze simple alternation, transfer latency and neurohistology were assessed. Rats in diabetic control had negative discrimination ratio and scored less than 50% in simple alternation. These memory deficits were reversed in the treated groups. The nootropic effect was higher in M. oleifera 1,500 mg/kg than any other group. Severe neuronal degeneration, shrinkage and clumping observed in the diabetic group were ameliorated with administration of V. amygdalina and M. oleifera extracts individually and in combination. Histological findings showed decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. V. amygdalina (400 mg/kg) and M. oleifera (500 mg/kg) were the most effective in ameliorating neuronal damage. The neuroprotective effects of both plants are attributed to their constituent antioxidants, and appear not to be synergistic.

The Effectiveness of Moringa oleifera Burn Healing: In Vivo Study

Background: Burns is a type of wound that requires more intensive treatment considering the damage from these wounds is quite massive and very often causes infection. Topical antimicrobials used today have few side effects and are only partially effective in wound healing. The aim of the study was to explore the potential of Moringa oleifera on burn wound healing in vivo.
 Methods: This study is an experimental study using 24 rats. Rats were grouped into 3 treatment groups and 1 control group. Furthermore, the number of fibroblasts and PMN cells was assessed in the wound tissue. Data analysis was done by univariate and bivariate.
 Results: The combination of sulfur sulfadiazine and Moringa oleifera was able to significantly increase the number of fibroblasts and reduce PMN cells in burn tissue.
 Conclusion: Moringa oleifera extract has the potential to accelerate burn healing by inhibiting inflammation and fibroblast activation.

A Review on the Use of Moringa Oleifera Extract for Water Purification Application

A Review on the Use of Moringa Oleifera Extract for Water Purification Application

Biosynthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles from Aqueous Extract of Moringa Oleifera L.: Its Application as Antibacterial and Photocatalyst

ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the biosynthesis method using water extract of Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) as a reducing agent and stabilizer as well as a capping agent. This study aimed to characterize ZnO nanoparticles and their application as antibacterial and photocatalyst. Characterization was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The biosynthesis ZnO nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite phase with an average crystal size of 16.97 nm and a crystallinity level of 78.49%. Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles with concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9% resulted in an average inhibition zone of bacterial growth in S. aureus was 19.6 0.16; 21.8 0.33; 24.3 0.14 and in E.coli it is 9.87 0.2; 11.3 0.04; 11.57 0.06. The greater the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles, the larger the diameter of the inhibition zone. The result of photodegradation of methylene blue is greatest with variations in the mass of ZnO nanoparticles and the concentration of methylene blue is 95% with a nanoparticle mass of 120 mg, methylene blue concentration of 10 ppm, and an irradiation time of 150 minutes.

Assessment of Oil and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera for Promising Anticandidal Activity in Autistic Children

Assessment of Oil and Seed Extracts of Moringa oleifera for Promising Anticandidal Activity in Autistic Children

Effect of quercetinon drug induced hepatotoxicity

Objectives-The present study was designed 1. To achieved maximum yield of bioactive extract from the plant through extraction process. 2. To investigated phytochemicals constituents. 3. To determined pharmacological screening of quercetin against hepatotoxicity. Methods- Crude extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves were prepared using various solvents using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol in succession using soxhlet apparatus. The plant extracts were subjected for photochemical analysis, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The extracts were then subjected to column chromatography followed by TLC. The isolated compound was subjected to experimental animals and hepatoprotective activity was studied. Results-The ethanol extract showed the presence of higher flavonoid content when compared with other solvent extracts. The ethanol extract was subjected to fractionalization by column chromatography. The eluted fractions were run in TLC mobile phase with the different solvent ratio. Chromatographic fingerprinting showed the presence of flavonoids. It was found that there was significant decrease in the SGOT, SGPT, ALP and Total Bilirubin level in animal by giving quercetin of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera plant. Conclusion - The present investigation revealed that the extract containing quercetin of Moringa oleifera showed excellent hepatoprotective activity against Paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity.

A Review on the Antidiabetic Properties of Moringa oleifera Extracts: Focusing on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation as Main Therapeutic Targets.

Moringa oleifera is one of the popular plants that have shown significant health benefits. Certainly, preclinical evidence (predominantly from animal models) summarized in the current review supports the beneficial effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts in combating the prominent characteristic features of diabetes mellitus. This includes effective control of blood glucose or insulin levels, enhancement of insulin tissue sensitivity, improvement of blood lipid profiles, and protecting against organ damage under sustained conditions of hyperglycemia. Interestingly, as major complications implicated in the progression of diabetes, including organ damage, Moringa oleifera leaf and seed extracts could efficiently block the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and inflammation in these preclinical models. Notably, these extracts (especially leaf extracts) showed enhanced effects in strengthening intracellular antioxidant defences like catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione to lower lipid peroxidation products and reduce prominent pro-inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (1L)-β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and nitric oxide synthase. From animal models of diabetes, the common and effective dose of leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera was 100–300 mg/kg, within the treatment duration of 2–8 weeks. Whereas supplementation with approximately 20 g leaf powder of Moringa oleifera for at least 2 weeks could improve postprandial blood glucose in subjects with prediabetes or diabetes. Although limited clinical studies have been conducted on the antidiabetic properties of Moringa oleifera, current findings provide an important platform for future research directed at developing this plant as a functional food to manage diabetic complications.

Anthelmintic activity of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica against gastrointestinal nematodes of wild sheep

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are serious issue for health of wild sheep kept in captivity. Chemically synthesized anthelmintics are regularly used to control these parasites. In recent years anthelmintic resistance and remnant of drugs in animal products leads to use of medicinal plants as alternative to anthelmintics. In current study, the efficacy of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic dried leaf extracts of medicinal plants Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were tested for in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activities against Haemonchus, Trichuris, Coccidia and Trichostrongylus; naturally acquired nematodes isolated from wild sheep (Ovis orientalis orientalis). Six concentrations of these plants extract (1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml) were evaluated using egg hatching assay (EHA) and larval development assay (LDA) in three replicates. To compare treatment effects, untreated and treated (0.1% ivermectin) controls were used. The aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts showed anthelmintic activities against isolated genera of nematodes but the inhibition was maximum (99%) in ethanol extract of M. oleifera followed by methanol extract (97%) at maximum concentration tested at (50mg/ml). The overall findings of this study shows that Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica leaf extracts possess significant anthelmintic efficacy against GINs of sheep and these could be a natural alternative to synthetic anthelmintics to treat the worm infections in animals.

Moringa oleifera extract mediated the synthesis of Bio-SeNPs with antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes and Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Listeria monocytogenes and Corynebacterium diphtheriae are typical bacterial pathogens and pose an increasing threat to food safety and human health due to their growing antibiotic resistance. In this study, biological selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs) were synthesized by Moringa oleifera extract and selenite. The synthesized Bio-SeNPs were used to treat these two pathogens. They were spherical, and their diameters ranged from 50 to 200 nm according to the TEM result. The element-mapping, FTIR and XPS analyses showed that the Bio-SeNPs consisted of Se(0) and organics produced by M. oleifera. The inhibition zone tests showed that 7 and 0.7 mg/mL of Bio-SeNPs exhibited noticeable inhibition of L. monocytogenes and C. diphtheriae. Furthermore, the growth curve experiments and live/dead cell stain experiments showed that 0.7 mg/mL of Bio-SeNPs could significantly inhibit the growth of these two strains. Morphological observation by SEM showed that L. monocytogenes and C. diphtheriae cells shriveled and broke after treatment with 0.7 mg/mL of Bio-SeNPs. Additionally, the Bio-SeNPs could efficiently clear L. monocytogenes on the raw salmon without cytotoxicity. In particular, the Bio-SeNPs in this study were composed of edible Se(0) and M. oleifera. Accordingly, it exhibited great potential in food and medicine science.

Detection of green-synthesized magnetite nanoparticles using spin-valve GMR-based sensor and their potential as magnetic labels

Exploration of magnetic nanoparticle labels for giant magnetoresistance (GMR) biosensing technology is crucial because their characteristics determine GMR-based sensor performance, related to their stray field and compatibility to biomolecule. We investigated the potency of the green-synthesized magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle as a green-magnetic label on a spin-valve (SV) GMR sensor based on a [Ta (2 nm)/Ir20Mn80 (10 nm)/Co90Fe10 (3 nm)/Cu (2.2 nm)/(Co84Fe10B4 (10 nm)/Ta (5 nm)] structure that generated a 7.3 Oe exchange-bias field and 5.73% magnetoresistance. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method utilizing Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extract as a natural reducing agent. The green-synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited a cubic inverse spinel structure as a pristine Fe3O4 characteristic. The crystallite size of green-synthesized Fe3O4 was larger than that of Fe3O4, reaching ∼ 14 nm, and formed a particle size of 29.1 nm. Its magnetic properties included soft ferromagnetic behavior with 55.5 emu/g saturation magnetization and 54 Oe coercivity; its saturation was lower than that of Fe3O4 due to the presence of the phytochemical compound of MO extract. In addition, to observe its potency as a magnetic label for biosensing, conventionally synthesized nanoparticles, surface modification using polyethylene glycol (PEG), and attachment of an α-amylase enzyme as a biomarker sample on green nanoparticle labels were also investigated. When measuring various concentration labels using the SV-GMR thin film, the green-synthesized Fe3O4 achieved a linear relationship and a better sensitivity of 0.098 mV/mg/mL than that of the conventional compound. The sensor could detect Fe3O4-labelled α-amylase enzyme as indicated by the decreasing output voltage, a consequence of altering the surface conditions of the nanoparticles. Therefore, green-synthesized nanoparticles are reliable and achieve competitive performance as magnetic labels in GMR sensors.

Characteristics of Coagulants from Moringa Seed Extract (Moringa oleifera) with Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Method

Moringa seed is an alternative coagulant in various industrial fields, generally used for water purification and cheese making. In addition, to obtain the required chemical compounds, Moringa seed can be extracted by conventional or modern methods. This research was conducted to obtain the coagulant characteristics of Moringa oleifera extracts using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with different extraction times. This research was conducted at the Animal Products Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, and Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, between September 2021 and November 2022. The research material used was Moringa seed powder with different extraction times, designed by 4 treatments and 4 replications consisting of P0: maceration for 48 hours (control), P1: extraction for 6 minutes, P2: extraction for 9 minutes, and P3 extractions for 12 minutes with the MAE method. The variables tested were protein content, protein profile (SDS PAGE), milk clotting activity (MCA), and caseinolytic activity (CA), also the ratio of MCA to CA. The research method was a laboratory experiment analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to determine if there were differences. The result showed a highly significant difference (P<0.01) in protein content, milk clotting activity (MCA), and caseinolytic activity (CA). However, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the ratio of MCA to CA. The characteristics of Moringa seed extract in this study were protein content ranging from 0.979-1.022 mg/ml, milk clotting activity (MCA) 3.837-3.999 SU/ml, caseinolytic activity (CA) 2.308-2.455 U/ml, and the ratio of MCA to CA 1.627-1.663. In conclusion, the best treatment for Moringa extraction time is 6 minutes with the MAE method, which can be used as a coagulant in the manufacture of mozzarella cheese.

Moringa oleifera (Lam.) and Momordica charantia (Lam.¬) as Potential Larvicides and Fumigants of Culex Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes cause life threatening diseases such as yellow fever, malaria, filariasis, encephalitis infection etc. The focus of this research is to evaluate the larvicidal and fumigant properties of Moringa oleifera and Momordica charantia extracts on the larvae and adult mosquitoes. The leaves of both plants were dried and pulverized into fine powder. Rotary evaporator was used to extract the plant oils. The results showed that Momordica charantia was more effective as larvicide than Moringa oleifera as its evoked 100% larval mortality at 20% concentration for 3 hours with LC50 and LC90 of 0.5% and 8.5% respectively. Moringa oleifera produced 100% larval mortality and LC50 (0.75%) and LC90 (10%) at 25% concentration for 4 hours. Similarly, the leaf extract of Momordica charantia is a better fumigant than Moringa oleifera, the former produced LC50 of 0.5% and LC90 of 3.75%, while the latter produced LC50 and LC90 of 1.05% and 4.25% respectively. The significantly higher larvicidal and fumigant activities observed in Momordica charantia is due to the presence of cardiac glycosides only in the plant in addition to saponins, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids which are common to both plants. Therefore botanicals are advocated to be included in vector control programs. This is because botanicals are relatively safe, cheap and easy to obtain in many parts of the world.

Hepato-Ameliorative Effect of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Stem Bark on Paracetamol-Induced Liver Injury in Wistar Rats

Aim: The effect of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera stems bark on paracetamol-induced liver injury in wistar rats was investigated. Method: 25 male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were randomly divided into five groups: Positive control, Paracetamol control, paracetamol+1000mg/kg, paracetamol+ 1500mg/kg and paracetamol+2000mg/kg Moringa stem bark and 600mg/kg body weight per oral of Paracetamol was administered once daily with respective treatment. Weights of the rats were measured and liver biochemical markers (AST, ALT, ALP, Bilirubin, Total Protein, Albumin and Globulin) were determined using enzymatic kits. Histological assessment was also carried out on the liver tissues using H&E and viewed under light microscope. The experiment lasted for 10 days. Results: There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the weight of the liver in the groups treated with different doses of M. oleifera. There was a slight increase in weight of liver, although not significant, when compared with positive control. M. oleifera significantly (p<0.05) reduced the blood levels of AST, ALT, ALP and bilirubin when compared with the paracetamol control. The results indicated a dose dependent increase in serum albumin and globulin levels which was significant when compared with paracetamol control group but not significant when compared to the control group. Histological assessment of the liver of the Wistar revealed that aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera stem bark have hepato-protective ability revealed by regenerating hepatocytes. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera stem bark has hepato-protective potentials as reveal from the biochemical and histological outcome of this study. Hence, Moringa oleifera stem bark can be used to ameliorate or manage paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords: Moringa oleifera stem bark, Paracetamol, Liver Injury, Biochemical parameters.

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective effect of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil on Dichlorvos-induced Toxicity in Male Wistar rats.

The liver and the kidney are one of the vital organs of body. Drug-induced toxicity is one of the most common problems encountered by these organs. The search for an effective medicine to treat this toxicity without any side effects has led to the use of traditional-based medicine. This study evaluated the effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seed oil on hepatic and renal markers in dimethyl 2, 2-dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP, known as dichlorvos)-exposed Wistar rats. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of seven animals each. Group A served as the negative control and were not exposed to dichlorvos. Group B served as the positive control and were exposed to dichlorvos for 2 minutes but received no extract. Group C animals were exposed to the dichlorvos and received 300mg/kg of extract (Moringa oleifera seed oil) for 7days before and 21days after exposure. Exposure to DDVP led to a significant increase in hepatic & renal markers, inflammatory markers, decrease in plasma protein and alteration of plasma electrolyte. Moringa oleifera seed oil regulated and significantly enhanced plasma protein, reduced elevated levels of hepatic & renal markers, inflammatory markers in the study sample. In addition, histopathology observation showed that Moringa seed oil was able to regenerate the hepatorenal damage on exposure to dichlorvos. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera seed oil exhibited hepato-protective, nephroprotective properties and could be explored in nutrition and health.