Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

Synthesis and characterization of lemon leaf extract-mediated silver nanoparticles: An environmentally friendly approach with enhanced antibacterial efficacy

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using lemon leaf extract, which served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis process proved to be rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. The effect of the mixing ratio of the reactants was investigated. Optimal yield, approximately 70 %, was achieved at 60 °C with a 0.25 M silver nitrate solution interacting for 40 min with lemon leaf extract in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio. Confirmation of nanoparticle formation was achieved through visible color change, UV–visible spectra (UV–Vis), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UV–Vis spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver nanoparticles showed an absorption peak at around 412 nm. FT-IR spectra had shown that the biomolecule compounds were responsible for the reduction and capping material of silver nanoparticles. The XRD study showed the particles displayed an average crystallite size ranging from 9.4 to 36 nm. SEM and TEM showed a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure with an average size of 34 nm. The stability was detected using zeta potential analysis. These nanoparticles were used as antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the effect of silver nanoparticle concentration was investigated. The results indicated the synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. coli and MRSA, with average inhibition zone diameters exceeding 17 mm for E. coli and 15 mm for MRSA. Remarkably, antimicrobial activity was observed against two tested microbes at extremely low concentrations of 1–3 mM of silver nanoparticles.

Phytochemicals, antioxidant ability and in vitro anthelmintic activity of crude extracts from Vitexnegundo leaves against Haemonchus contortus.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of crude aqueous, methanol, ethanol, hydro alcohol and acetone extracts of Vitex negundo leaves against Haemonchus contortus eggs and larvae. Phytochemical analysis to identify the number of compounds in extracts was done by chemical tests and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrophotometer detector (GC-MS). First off all the effectiveness of dried plant materials was evaluated on larval development by mixing powdered material (no nano particles) to faecal cultures from donor sheep. Adding powder to the faecal culture resulted into 100% inhibition in larval development at 200 and 300mg/g of faeces. The anthelmintic activity was assessed using the egg hatch assay (EHA) and the larval mortality assay (LMA). Comparison of mean inhibition percentage of egg embryonation, mean inhibition percentage of egg hatching and mean percentage of larval mortality at different concentrations with control was performed by one-way ANOVA. The means were compared for statistical significance using DMRT at P < 0.05. For both the assays, 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and lethal concentration (LC50) were calculated by probit analysis. Chemical test revealed presence of high concentration of saponin and flavoinoids and moderate concentration of total phenols in leaves. The antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity, RSA %) measured was 35.47%. On GC-MS, the methanolic leaves extract revealed 30 phyto-compounds. On EHA, there was marked effect on inhibition of egg hatching by aqueous, hydro alcohol and acetone extracts. On LMA all the five extracts showed excellent larvicidal activity. V. negundo leaves methanol extract mediated silver nanoparticles were found very effective at much lower concentrations as compared to crude methanol extract. The results indicated that the V. negundo leaves crude extracts possessed excellent in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal properties against H. contortus which needs more investigation, especially in vivo trials for the control of parasite.

Acer tegmentosum extract-mediated silver nanoparticles loaded chitosan/alginic acid scaffolds enhance healing of E. coli-infected wounds

This work developed Acer tegmentosum extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded chitosan (CS)/alginic acid (AL) scaffolds (CS/AL-AgNPs) to enhance the healing of E. coli-infected wounds. The SEM-EDS and XRD results revealed the successful formation of the CS/AL-AgNPs. FTIR analysis evidenced that the anionic group of AL (-COO-) and cationic amine groups of CS (-NH3+) were ionically crosslinked to form scaffold (CS/AL). The CS/AL-AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-negative (G-) bacterial pathogens, while being non-toxic to red blood cells (RBCs), the hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM), and a non-cancerous cell line (NIH3T3). Treatment with CS/AL-AgNPs significantly accelerated the healing of E. coli-infected wounds by regulating the collagen deposition and blood parameters as evidenced by in vivo experiments. Overall, these findings suggest that CS/AL-AgNPs are promising for the treatment of infected wounds.

Cytoplasmic Leakage and Protein Leakage Analysis of Ocimum Gratissimum Stem Extract-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Against Wound Pathogens

ABSTRACT Aim: The current work intends to examine the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by Ocimum gratissimum stem extract against wound infections. Materials and Methods: To evaluate the membrane damage brought on by AgNPs, analyses of cytoplasmic leakage and protein leakage assays were performed. Results: The outcomes demonstrated that all of the tested bacterial strains were significantly resistant to the AgNPs’ antibacterial activity. AgNPs damaged membranes and caused cellular contents to leak in the target pathogens, according to an examination of protein and cytoplasmic leakage. Conclusion: According to the current investigation, AgNPs mediated by Ocimum gratissimum stem extract may be effective antibacterial agents against microorganisms that cause wounds.

Grewia tenax bark extract mediated silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial, antibiofilm and antifungal agent

Grewia tenax plant possesses many medicinal qualities that can be harnessed for bio-applications via nanotechnology in a cost-effective and environment-friendly manner. The synthesised silver nanoparticles (GTB-AgNPs) from Grewia tenax bark extract were first detected by observing the change in colour from yellowish brown to dark brown and confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy. UV–vis spectral analysis recorded the surface plasmon resonance at 420 nm. In the current research, several process parameters (time, temperature, concentration of AgNO3 and the ratio of extract to AgNO3) were adjusted by using one variable at a time (OVAT) approach. Spectroscopy accompanied by dynamic light scattering (DLS), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) determines the size, nature, morphological variations and chemical constituents of GTB-AgNPs. The size range was found within 35−45 nm and the image clearly showed that the GTB-AgNPs were spherical in shape and well dispersed in nature. Zeta potential and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were done to analyse GTB-AgNPs stability, dispersion and the biomolecules in aqueous bark extract liable for the bioreduction of silver particles. These GTB-AgNPs showed excellent antibacterial action against Gram-positive (S. aureus and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) which was observed by disc diffusion assay. Congo red agar plate (CRA) assay effectively unveiled the antibiofilm proficiency of the particles. These studies displayed a reduction in bacterial sustainability and the formation of exopolysaccharides. Disc diffusion assay confirmed the antifungal competency against A. niger and C. albicans. SEM was performed to elucidate the intracellular breakage and morphological transformations in cells of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi after treatment with GTB-AgNPs. The current study, therefore, enlightened applications of GTB-AgNPs as an efficient antimicrobial agent and applicable substitute in the pharmaceutical area.

Green Synthesis of Guilandina bonduc Seed Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles and Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Green synthesis is a promising approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. In this study, we report a green method for the synthesis of AgNPs using Guilandina bonduc seed extract. The seed extract was used as a reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity using Bovine serum albumin denaturation assay and Egg albumin denaturation assay. The AgNPs also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. The results show that the green synthesised silver nanoparticles have excellent anti-inflammatory activity. The results of this study suggest that the green synthesised AgNPs have potential application in the treatment of inflammation. These findings also highlight the potential of Guilandina bonduc seed extract as a source of natural compounds for the green synthesis of AgNPs with biological activity.

Antibacterial Activity of Green Synthesized Eugenia jambolana Seeds Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles

The present study uses silver nanoparticles that are biosynthesized from Eugenia jambolana aqueous silver nitrate solution jambolana fresh seed extracts were combined with silver nitrate (AgNO3) to form the silver nanoparticle. UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, XRD, SEM, and FTIR were used to characterise the synthesised silver nanoparticles. It was established that nanoparticles had formed in the sample by SEM examination, which revealed that they had a spherical shape. Nanoparticles from seed extracts showed more antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus. This study makes evidence that seed extracts of Eugenia jambolana act as an excellent capping agent for the formation of silver nanoparticles and show immense Pharmacological activities. Hence, these AgNPs can be used as an antimicrobial agent in treating many medical complications. In this present study, the antibacterial activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Eugenia jambolana seeds shows the zone of inhibition against all four pathogens.

Biosynthesis of Malus pumila extract mediated silver nanoparticles and study on its biomedical application

Biosynthesis of Malus pumila extract mediated silver nanoparticles and study on its biomedical application

Facile bio-genic synthesis of Astragalus sarcocolla (Anzaroot) gum extract mediated silver nanoparticles: Characterizations, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities

The recent increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to a notable difficulty in medicine, demanding endeavors to fabricate efficient antibacterial substances. Unlike traditional physical and chemical approaches, bio-genic approaches demonstrate various advantages, such as affordability, safety, and speed. The current study presents novel green silver nanoparticles employing Astragalus sarcocolla (Anzaroot) gum extract (ASG-AgNPs). For the first time, the alcoholic gum extract of this plant was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles in order to obtain antioxidant and antimicrobial nanoparticles. After optimizing the fabrication reaction conditions, ASG-AgNPs were characterized by DLS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD analyses. The antibacterial and antifungal potential of ASG-AgNPs and ASG extract was examined against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans by the broth microdilution method. Also, the DPPH technique was carried out to investigate the antioxidant property. TEM images displayed a highly even and spherical configuration of ASG-AgNPs, with an average size of 15.76 ± 1.40 nm. ASG-AgNPs exhibited high antimicrobial activity against all examined microbial models. The strongest effects were on Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae microorganisms, with MIC values of 62.5 and 156.25 μg/ml, respectively. DPPH radical inhibition percentages were raised from 14 to 98 by raising the concentration of ASG-AgNPs from 100 to 800 μg/ml, indicating suitable antioxidant activity. Both the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the extract were weaker than ASG-AgNPs, suggesting significant synergism between the extract and AgNPs. These findings demonstrate that utilizing the gum of the Astragalus sarcocolla plant is effective in producing AgNPs, which likely possess significant potential for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. However, further research is required.

Green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs decorated rGO nanocomposite for high impedimetric electrochemical sensor as well as enhanced antimicrobial performance against foodborne pathogens

In the present study, Allium cepa L. leaves extract mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated reduced graphene oxide (Ag/Au/rGO NC’s) were synthesized and demonstrated their biological and electrochemical sensing applications. Interestingly, the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs was achieved rapidly within 1 h and 4 h, respectively. Whereas the production of both reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Ag/Au/rGO NC’s was achieved at 96 h. The achieved results from the UV–Vis spectrum of 432 nm for AgNPs and 550 nm of AuNPs and the shifting of the characteristic GO absorption band of 230 nm into 270 nm as well as an absence of 305 nm confirmed the rGO synthesis. In addition, HR-XRD analyses confirmed the JCPDS file No. 04–0783 and 01–1174 pertaining to Ag and Au NPs. Further, the Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR and EDS analyses confirmed the evidence of nanomaterials biosynthesis. A polydisperse, spherical shaped average size AgNPs of 1 to 30 nm, spherical and triangular shaped AuNPs with an average size of 1 to 120 nm, and silk like appearance of a thin layered graphene sheet in rGO were observed through TEM. Also, the recorded results evident the uniform decoration of Ag and Au NPs into the rGO sheet. The electrochemical properties of as-synthesized materials were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. Interestingly, the Ag/Au/rGO NC’s modified electrode exhibited higher electrical conductivity and good electrocatalytic properties towards the electrooxidation of nitrite in a neutral medium than other nanomaterials. Eventually, Ag/Au/rGO NC’s confirmed the enhanced antibacterial against Gram-negative bacteria and dose dependent antifungal inhibitory activities against foodborne fungal pathogens of Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria alternata, and phytopathogenic fungus of Curvularia lunata and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at the maximum tested conc. of 2 mg/mL, compared to other nanomaterials. From the result of zebrafish embryotoxicity (ZET), the highest toxicity was observed for AgNPs at 0.19 μg/mL. But in the case of Ag/Au/rGO NC’s the reduced toxicity was observed. Hence, the achieved results concluded the Ag/Au/rGO NC’s could be suitable for development of both as biomaterials for biomedical and effective sensors for environmental applications.

Euphorbia royleana Boiss Derived Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications as a Nanotherapeutic Agent to Control Microbial and Oxidative Stress-Originated Diseases.

Nanotechnology is one of the most advance and multidisciplinary fields. Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. The use of plants and their extracts is one of the most valuable methods towards rapid and single-step protocol preparation for various nanoparticles, keeping intact "the green principles" over the conventional ones and proving their dominance for medicinal importance. A facile and eco-friendly technique for synthesizing silver nanoparticles has been developed by using the latex of Euphorbia royleana as a bio-reductant for reducing Ag+ ions in an aqueous solution. Various characterization techniques were employed to validate the morphology, structure, and size of nanoparticles via UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDS. FTIR spectroscopy validates different functional groups associated with biomolecules stabilizing/capping the silver nanoparticles, while SEM and XRD revealed spherical nanocrystals with FCC geometry. The results revealed that latex extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (LER-AgNPs) exhibited promising antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains (Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus viridians). Both latex of E. royleana and LER-AgNPs were found to be potent in scavenging DPPH free radicals with respective EC50s and EC70s as 0.267% and 0.518% and 0.287% and 0.686%. ROSs produced in the body damage tissue and cause inflammation in oxidative stress-originated diseases. H2O2 and OH* scavenging activity increased with increasing concentrations (20-100 μg/mL) of LER-AgNPs. Significant reestablishment of ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin serum levels was observed in mice intoxicated with acetaminophen (PCM), revealing promising hepatoprotective efficacy of LER-AgNPs in a dose-dependent manner.

Evaluation of antibacterial activity, in-vitro cytotoxicity and catalytic activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Leea macrophylla

Nanotechnology has become a cutting-edge field of research that has emerged as an interdisciplinary research area and contributes to almost every field of science. With the increasing demand for sustainable greener products, attention has recently been focused on green nanotechnology. This study manifested the aptitude of Leea macrophylla (LM) leaf extract, fortified with phytochemicals, to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the first time. As soon as the AgNPs were biosynthesized, they immediately changed color, and the distinctive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) occurred at 420 nm in the Ultraviolet–Visible spectrum, proving that the biosynthesis had been successful. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the phytochemicals present in the LM leaf extract, those are accountable for the formation and stabilization of AgNPs. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) revealed the formation of quasi spherical silver nanoparticles with an average diameter of 22.77 nm. Synthesized nanoparticles were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron microscope (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The production of AgNPs with high metal content from LM leaf extract exhibited encouraging results. The LM leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles evinced significant antibacterial and catalytic activities. The cytotoxicity effects of biosynthesized AgNPs were tested on brine shrimps.

Synthesis and characterization of Hypsizygus ulmarius extract mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and test their potentiality on antimicrobial and anticancer effects

The prime aim of this research is to discover new, eco-friendly approaches to reducing agents for manufacturing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from fresh fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Hypsizygus ulmarius (Hu). The confirmation of Hu-mediated AgNPs has been characterized by UV visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM with EDX, HRTEM, AFM, PSA, Zeta poetical and GCMS analysis. The absorption peak of Hu-AgNPs at 430 nm has been confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy analysis. The findings of the particle size study show that AgNPs have a size distribution with an average of 20 nm. The Zeta potential of NPs reveals a significant build-up of negative charges on their surface. The additional hydrate layers that occurred at the surface of AgNPs are shown in the HR-TEM morphology images. The antibacterial activity results showed that Hu-AgNPs were highly effective against both bacterial pathogens, with gram-positive (+) and gram-negative (−) pathogens having a moderate inhibition effect on K. pneumoniae (5.3 ± 0.3 mm), E. coli (5.3 ± 0.1), and S. aureus (5.2 ± 0.3 mm). Hu-AgNPs (IC50 of 50.78 μg/mL) were found to have dose-dependent cytotoxic action against human lung cancer cell lines (A549). Inhibited cell viability by up to 64.31% after 24 h of treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the hand information on the myco-synthesis of AgNPs from the H. ulmarius mushroom extract and the results suggest that it can an excellent source for developing a multipurpose and eco-friendly nano product in future.

Catalytic reduction of nitroarenes by Cucumis maderaspatanus L. leaves extract mediated silver nanoparticles

BackgroundIn a variety of applications, silver exhibits a very high potential, especially when it takes the form of nanoparticles. The environmentally friendly green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is growing in popularity due to the affordability and abundance of plant materials, with the aim to reduce the harmful chemicals and the cost involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles. MethodologyThe Cucumis maderaspatanus L. (CmL.) leaves extract was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Cm-Ag NPs). The Cm-Ag NPs were confirmed by UV–vis, XRD, FE-SEM, FT-IR, XPS, TEM with EDAX, zeta potential, TGA, and BET analysis. The efficacy of Cm-Ag NPs was tested on the reduction of different aromatic nitroarenes using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. The reduction reactions were followed by varying the concentration of nitroarenes [0.5 × 10−4 M to 1.5 × 10−4 M], NaBH4 [1 × 10−3 M to 10 × 10−3 M], and Cm-Ag NPs [5 mg to 25 mg]. Significant findingsThe surface plasmon resonance at 442 nm has been attributed to the Cm-Ag NPs formation. FT-IR peaks confirmed the reducing and capping potential of Cucumis maderaspatanus L. leaves extract. The XRD result showed the Cm-Ag NPs are crystalline and the size was calculated as 31.57 nm. FE-SEM analysis exhibited the Cm-Ag NPs as spherical; the TEM image also indicated spherical Cm-Ag NPs with an average particle size of 15.85 nm. The EDAX analysis showed a strong signal at 3 KeV confirming the metallic Ag and XPS confirmed Agº. The higher stability of Cm-Ag NPs and the existence of phytoconstituents were shown by the zeta potential value –17.6 mV. The surface area of the nanoparticles was calculated to be 14.96 m2/g using BET. The reduction reactions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Cm-Ag NPs can be proposed as a catalyst for eliminating harmful pollutants.

Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Thespesia populnea Mediated Nanoparticles in Murine Mastitis Model

Background: Bovine mastitis is a common inflammatory disease where bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major concern in its treatment. Nanoparticles have been known in overcoming difficulties of treatment therapies including multi drug resistant bacterial infections but research on their role in mastitis treatment is limited. Nowadays Green synthesis of nanoparticles is gaining importance to overcome problems associated with chemical synthesis. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative action of Thespesia populnea (T. populnea) mediated synthesized silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles in mastitis induced mice. Methods: A total of 48 mice were divided into six groups: where Group I served as control, groups II to VI were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) culture for mastitis induction. After mastitis induction, groups III, IV, V and VI received T. populnea methanolic extract (TPE), T. populnea methanolic extract mediated silver nano particles (TPSN) (»95 nm size), T. populnea methanolic extract mediated ZnO nanoparticles (TPZN) (» 85 nm size) and Ceftriaxone respectively. Whole blood was collected to analyze inflammatory indicators haptoglobin (Hp) and C reactive protein (CRP). The mammary gland weights, bacterial load and changes in tissue samples were studied. Result: The formation of brown colour solution and white crystalline precipitate indicated the formation of TPE mediated silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles respectively. The sizes of these TPSN and TPZN when characterized by SEM, were found to be 95 and 85 nm respectively. The values of mammary gland weight, bacterial load, Hp and CRP were elevated significantly in group II mice when compared to other treatment groups. Histopathological examination of mammary gland revealed bacterial clumps, severe leucocytic infiltration along with congestion and necrotic changes in group II. The ameliorating changes in damaged tissues of the experimental groups remained in the decreasing order of TPSN, ceftriaxone, TPZN and TPE respectively. Therefore, phytogenic nanoparticles can be effectively used to control the mastitis.

Nannorrhops ritchiana Leaf-Based Biomolecular Extract-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles as a Platform for Mercury(II) Sensing, Antimicrobial Activity, and DNA Interaction

Nannorrhops ritchiana Leaf-Based Biomolecular Extract-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles as a Platform for Mercury(II) Sensing, Antimicrobial Activity, and DNA Interaction

Biosynthesis of Bixa orellana seed extract mediated silver nanoparticles with moderate antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative activity

Biosynthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has gained much interest and offers an attractive alternate to physical and chemical approaches. In recent year several safe, easy, cost-effective, reproducible, and environmentally friendly synthesis approaches for silver nanoparticles have been developed. In this research work, a simple, cheap, and unexplored method was applied on green synthesis of AgNPs using secondary metabolites extracted from Bixa orellana seeds. The seeds are rich of flavonoids and phenolic compounds which presumably responsible for the fast reduction and stabilization of silver ion into silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesis process is very likely to be able to reduce silver ions under simple physiological conditions. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) that was appeared at 420 nm in UV–vis spectrum, had confirmed the formation of AgNPs. Moreover, the functional groups in secondary metabolite that act as reducing, capping and stabilizing agents for silver nanoparticles, are identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. An X-ray diffraction analysis generated four peaks for Bixa orellana seed extract mediated AgNPs positioned at 2θ angles of 38.1°, 44.2°, 64.6°, and 77.5° corresponding to crystal planes (111), (200), (220), and (311). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed the formation of nanosized silver particles. The z-average of the synthesized particles measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was found to be 92.9 nm. AgNPs synthesized exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity, antibacterial and antiproliferative activity against human breast (MCF-7) cell line. On the basis of our results, we conclude that biologically synthesized AgNPs exhibited favorable characteristics and have the potential to be used in biomedical fields.

Green synthesis of Piper chaudocanum stem extract mediated silver nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of Hg2+ ions and antibacterial activity.

A green synthetic approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the stem extract of Piper chaudocanum for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of Hg2+ with a low limit of detection of 23 nM and easy colorimetric read-out has been reported. In addition, the biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated efficient antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The morphology and structure of the as-synthesized AgNPs were examined using SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD and FT-IR analyses. The XRD and TEM results confirm the formation of AgNPs with an average particle size of 8-12 nm. The TLC, CC and HPLC revealed that four main compounds, pentacosanoic acid (1), piperine (2), β-sitosterol (3), and campesterol glucoside (4), isolated from P. chaudocanum extract act as reducing and stabilizing agents for AgNP formation, and piperine plays a vital role in green synthesis. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined by ESI MS, FTIR, and one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data analysis. This approach is an efficient, green, cost-effective, eco-friendly and promising technique for synthesizing AgNPs with applications in the colorimetric detection of Hg2+ and antibacterial activity.

Anticariogenic activity of Rose Jasmine formulation mediated silver nanoparticles

Introduction: Rose (rosa canina) is one of the flowers that are much in demand by the community because besides being an ornamental flower it can also be used as a cosmetic base material. Metallic silver (Ag) is a resilient transition element that has been utilised for a long time in jewellery, coinage, and silverware due to its scarcity (ranking 67th in abundance among the elements) and alluring white metallic brilliance. Aim: To study the anticariogenic activity of Rose Jasmine formulation mediated silver nanoparticles. Materials and methods: Muller hinton agar were utilised to identify the zone of inhibition at different concentrations of the prepared extract mediated with silver nanoparticles. Results: It showed that the prepared extract had an average of zone of inhibition at 100ul of the prepared extract. Conclusion: The prepared extract mediated silver nanoparticles had good anticariogenic activity at 100ul concentration.

Elsholtzia ciliata Leaf Extract Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis and their Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Anticancer Activities

This study deals with silver nanoparticle synthesis utilizing the leaf extract of the medicinal plant Elsholtzia ciliata and evaluated its antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities. The characterization of the synthesized E. ciliata silver nanoparticles (Ec-AgNPs) were done by using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation of face-centred cubic silver nanocrystals was confirmed by XRD data. During the formation of Ec-AgNPs, the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract act as reducing and capping agents as confirmed by FTIR spectra. The zeta potential and polydispersity index values from DLS measurements were -16.4 mV and 0.261, respectively. The high content of flavonoids, phenols, tannins and coumarins was confirmed by the phytochemical studies of the plant extract. The antioxidant activity was shown by the synthesized Ec-AgNPs. The inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzyme α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 29.32 ± 0.42 μg/mL was found for the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. MTT assay was performed on A549, HCT116 and HeLa Cell lines for evaluation of the antiproliferative activities of the Ec-AgNPs and have shown IC50 values of 189 ± 8.7, 192.5 ± 0.5 and 51.7 ± 7.8 μg/mL in A549, HCT116 and HeLa Cell lines, respectively. These findings proved that the biosynthesized Ec-AgNPs had good antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities and hence can be a competent candidate for an antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer agents in the pharmaceutical sector.