Extra Piece Research Articles

An Evidential Multi-Target Domain Adaptation Method Based on Weighted Fusion for Cross-Domain Pattern Classification.

For cross-domain pattern classification, the supervised information (i.e., labeled patterns) in the source domain is often employed to help classify the unlabeled target domain patterns. In practice, multiple target domains are usually available. The unlabeled patterns (in different target domains) which have high-confidence predictions, can also provide some pseudo-supervised information for the downstream classification task. The performance in each target domain would be further improved if the pseudo-supervised information in different target domains can be effectively used. To this end, we propose an evidential multi-target domain adaptation (EMDA) method to take full advantage of the useful information in the single-source and multiple target domains. In EMDA, we first align distributions of the source and target domains by reducing maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) and covariance difference across domains. After that, we use the classifier learned by the labeled source domain data to classify query patterns in the target domains. The query patterns with high-confidence predictions are then selected to train a new classifier for yielding an extra piece of soft classification results of query patterns. The two pieces of soft classification results are then combined by evidence theory. In practice, their reliabilities/weights are usually diverse, and an equal treatment of them often yields the unreliable combination result. Thus, we propose to use the distribution discrepancy across domains to estimate their weighting factors, and discount them before fusing. The evidential combination of the two pieces of discounted soft classification results is employed to make the final class decision. The effectiveness of EMDA was verified by comparing with many advanced domain adaptation methods on several cross-domain pattern classification benchmark datasets.

Categorical Torelli theorems for Gushel–Mukai threefolds

AbstractWe show that a general ordinary Gushel–Mukai (GM) threefold can be reconstructed from its Kuznetsov component together with an extra piece of data coming from tautological subbundle of the Grassmannian . We also prove that determines the birational isomorphism class of , while determines the isomorphism class of a special GM threefold if it is general. As an application, we prove a conjecture of Kuznetsov–Perry in dimension 3 under a mild assumption. Finally, we use to restate a conjecture of Debarre–Iliev–Manivel regarding fibers of the period map for ordinary GM threefolds.

Time for Trivia – Adapting Methods of Providing Real Time Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic

BackgroundAs we learn more about SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), caregivers are frequently adapting to changing guidance on how to safely care for patients. Given increased staffing shortages, high turnover, and burnout, caregivers require additional support to stay updated on the latest standards. To support caregivers, Infection Preventionists (IP) regularly round to identify gaps and provide education. Rounding often reveals an increased need for education on the latest policies as well as morale. While it initially consisted of audits with immediate feedback, there is a clear need to adapt this practice to effectively engage caregivers real time.MethodsIP transitioned from audit sheet rounding to a trifold board labeled, “Trivia Time with Infection Prevention!” that incorporated uplifting messages, fun trivia, and COVID-19 education questions with candy as positive reinforcement for participation. Selecting COVID-19 questions was rewarded with an extra piece of candy to increase staff engagement on the topic. Prior to each rounding, IP evaluated COVID-19 questions to ensure that questions targeted any observed gaps in compliance and educated to recently updated standards. Rotating days and times, IP rounded to as many departments as possible, including but not limited to inpatient and outpatient departments, surgical services, environmental services, and nutrition.ResultsThe visual transformation from clipboards to a trifold board drew a natural audience and caregivers were more welcoming of IP interrupting their workflow. Paired with rotated rounding, this provided effective education to multiple caregivers at one time throughout the campus. Overall, this strengthened rapport between caregivers and IP, boosted morale, improved caregiver understanding of COVID-19 policy changes, and stimulated further discussions beyond COVID-19 guidelines for additional education.ConclusionsChanging our method of real time education demonstrates several positive outcomes that support adapting methods of providing education during the COVID-19 pandemic. This approach may be expanded to support additional educational demands outside of pandemic topics.

Effective Raman Hamiltonian revisited

In this paper, the effective Raman Hamiltonian is revisited. A common way to obtain the effective Raman Hamiltonian is by using the time-dependent perturbation method (TDPT) along with Fermi’s golden rule to keep the total energy and probability constant. However, for a non-resonant Raman process the obtained effective Hamiltonian is not convenient because it is not Hermitian. Hence, we present the Magnus expansion method for obtaining the effective Raman Hamiltonian, which has the advantages of being Hermitian and featuring effects absent in the TDPT effective Hamiltonian. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the Magnus expansion is utilized as an alternative method. We compare the our obtained effective Hamiltonian to that obtained from canonical transformation method. We determine the extra piece in second-order time-dependent perturbation theory which causes loss or gain of total probability.

A tractable non-adaptative group testing method for non-binary measurements

The original problem of group testing consists in the identification of defective items in a collection, by applying tests on groups of items that detect the presence of at least one defective element in the group. The aim is then to identify all defective items of the collection with as few tests as possible. This problem is relevant in several fields, among which biology and computer sciences. In the present article we consider that the tests applied to groups of items returns a load, measuring how defective the most defective item of the group is. In this setting, we propose a simple non-adaptative algorithm allowing the detection of all defective items of the collection. Items are put on an n × n grid and pools are organised as lines, columns and diagonals of this grid. This method improves on classical group testing algorithms using only the binary response of the test. Group testing recently gained attraction as a potential tool to solve a shortage of COVID-19 test kits, in particular for RT-qPCR. These tests return the viral load of the sample and the viral load varies greatly among individuals. Therefore our model presents some of the key features of this problem. We aim at using the extra piece of information that represents the viral load to construct a one-stage pool testing algorithm on this idealized version. We show that under the right conditions, the total number of tests needed to detect contaminated samples can be drastically diminished.

Finite deformations of fibre-reinforced elastic solids with fibre bending stiffness – Part II: determination of the spherical part of the couple-stress

The indeterminacy of the spherical part of couple-stress is a well-known drawback of any theoretical formulation stemming from the Cosserat couple-stress theory of elasticity. The relevant theory of finite elastic deformations of solids reinforced by a family of fibres that resist bending is not an exception. The present communication extends and completes that theory in a manner that enables it to measure the spherical part of the couple-stress tensor outside the conventional equilibrium considerations. To achieve this, the present study reconsiders an extra piece of information that has surprisingly emerged already but, so far, has been left unexplained and unexploited; namely, the fact that the energy stored in a fibrous composite elastic solid with fibre-bending stiffness involves a couple-stress generated term that does not influence the relevant couple-stress constitutive equation. The thus resulting new theoretical development complements the theory previously presented without dismissing any of the theoretical results detailed or the conclusions drawn there. Its validity embraces boundary value problems concerning both finite and infinitesimal elastic deformations of polar fibrous composites. In the latter case, its applicability is also tested and verified through the successful determination of the spherical couple-stress of a polar transversely isotropic elastic plate subjected to pure bending.

Pliocene Lythrum (loosestrife, Lythraceae) pollen from Portugal and the Neogene establishment of European lineages

The fossil record of Lythrum is scarce and every new find brings an extra piece of the puzzle to the obscure phytogeographic history of this genus. Lythrum pollen is unique and has the potential to be recognized in palynological assemblages. Therefore, the few pre-Holocene fossil records are all pollen described from North America, Russia, and Europe. The European records are both most numerous and geologically younger than those from other parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Earliest European Lythrum pollen records are of late Miocene age and parallel to starting crown group radiation in the Eurasian clade of Lythrum. European Miocene to Pliocene Lythrum pollen morphology is comparable to that of extant species. Interestingly, the late Miocene expansion of Lythrum into Europe coincides with the decline of Decodon, and Lythrum appears to replace Decodon in late Neogene fossil palynological assemblages.

Congenital Chylothorax in Newborn with Trisomy 21

Dawn syndrome Trisomy 21 means there’s an extra copy of chromosome 21 in every cell. This is the most common form of Down syndrome, there is three types of Down syndrome. Trisomy 21 which there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in every cell. Mosaicism occurs when a child is born with an extra chromosome in some but not all of their cells. Translocation in this type of Down syndrome, children have only an extra part of chromosome 21. There are 46 total chromosomes. However, one of them has an extra piece of chromosome 21 attached. Down syndrome is associated with a lots of complication like congenital heart disease. Vision. Hearing behavior and mental problem. Our case is Down syndrome with congenital chylothorax which is rare complication. Neonatal chylothorax results from the accumulation of chyle in the pleural space and may be either congenital or an acquired condition. Congenital chylothorax is most likely due to abnormal development or obstruction of the lymphatic system. It is often associated with hydrops fetalis. It can be idiopathic or may be associated with various chromosomal anomalies including Trisomy 21, Turner syndrome, Noonan syndrome, and other genetic abnormalities [1]. Treatment of chylothorax is multidisplenery need insertion of chest tube to decrease respiratory distress, diet management and pediatric surgery.

Distinguishing between rheophysical regimes of fluid-saturated granular-flows using dilatancy and acoustic emission measurements

Dry granular flows provide an ongoing challenge to physics and under saturation the multiphase physics is even more difficult to disentangle. A rich literature has elucidated the possible regimes achieved, however, the nonlinear nature of the multiphase process makes predicting the appropriate dynamic regime difficult. In this study, we introduce a new experimental strategy to identify the appropriate dynamical regimes by combining traditional methods with acoustic emission measurements. We sheared natural granular materials under dry, water and oil-saturated conditions while recording mechanical, acoustic and visual data. By applying alternate low and high velocity steps we respectively obtained quasi-static and inertial granular flow regimes. Dilation was observed for all high-velocity flows but its amount varied as did the degree of acoustic emission. At high velocities, the water-saturated flow dilated less and had reduced acoustic emissions relative to the dry case. In contrast, the oil-saturated flow dilated more while having even less acoustic emissions. This difference in trends of the dilation and acoustic emissions with increasing fluid viscosity suggests that oil and water granular flows achieved distinct dynamical regimes. Damping of granular pressure by reducing grain collisions and Dilatancy due to fully lubricated contacts are two competing processes influence the saturated shear physics and theoretically expected, but distinguishing between the regimes is difficult to anticipate. The acoustic emissions provide an extra piece of information that allows us to distinguish the physical regimes and determine the competition between processes that control the physics of saturated granular flows in the granular inertial regime.

A note on a candy sharing game

Suppose k students sit in a circle and are each distributed some initial amount of candy. Each student begins with an even amount of candy, but their individual amounts may vary. Upon the teacher’s signal, each student passes half of their candy to their left and keeps half. After this step, any student with an odd amount of candy receives an extra piece. The game ends if all the students are holding the same amount of candy. We prove, in a generalized setting, that for any initial distribution of n pieces of candy, the game terminates after O(log n) many iterations and each student ends with n/k + O(log n) many pieces. Moreover, there exist initial distributions for which the O(log n) term cannot be improved.

Revisiting a family of wormholes: geometry, matter, scalar quasinormal modes and echoes

We revisit a family of ultra-static Lorentzian wormholes which includes Ellis–Bronnikov spacetime as a special case. We first show how the required total matter stress energy (which violates the local energy conditions) may be split into a part due to a phantom scalar and another extra piece (which vanishes for Ellis–Bronnikov) satisfying the Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) along radial null geodesics. Thereafter, we examine the effective potential for scalar wave propagation in a general setting. Conditions on the metric function, for which the effective potential may have double barrier features are written down and illustrated (using this class of wormholes). Subsequently, using numerous methods, we obtain the scalar quasinormal modes (QNMs). We note the behaviour of the QNMs as a function of n (the metric parameter) and b_0 (the wormhole throat radius). Thus, the shapes and sizes of the wormholes, governed by the metric parameter n and the throat radius b_0 are linked to the variation and the values of the QNMs. Finally, we demonstrate how, for large n, the time domain profiles exhibit, expectedly, the occurence of echoes. In summary, our results suggest that this family of wormholes may indeed be used as a template for further studies on the gravitational wave physics of exotic compact objects.

Heirloom

Heirloom Samyak Shertok (bio) Ama used to make us pluck her gray hair on Saturdayafternoons. Nana, Jyojyo, and I partitioned her scalp three wayswith braided locks and combed the strands. With ash-rubbedthumbs and fingers, we pulled the silver filaments by root—harvest or weed—and handed them down to her to keep a tally.For one rupee? An extra piece of goat meat? The throne ofher favorite for the weekend? And what did she want? Beauty?Silly woman, you knew time breaks every bangle. I think ofthis as I regard my own gray strands in the mirror. Yours islonger than mine, she says on Viber, once mine was black asmonsoon. I look at hers: now more hay than rain, cortex thathas known more lice and hailstones than conditioner, a loomwhere she wove sickle and moon and tears into a shawl thatkept us warm at night and carried us to this luxurious afternoonon the roof, the sun warming our backs, roasted pumpkin-seed shells underfoot—three children too eager to please theirvain mother. It's been years since I last touched her hair, orshe mine. I remember her massaging my scalp and rinsing itwith the cold well water when I was a naked boy for the lasttime. If I plucked her gray hair now, she'd be a nun poised tooffer herself to her Buddha at last. So I pull one from mineinstead—a yarn I will one day gift as dowry to the daughter Iwill never have. Once her fists were full, Ama would bury thehank of her ashen strands in our vegetable garden: Grow backblack as soot! Today on the other side of the earth I reap—Himalayan Woman, here, your monsoon—a dark filament. [End Page 171] Samyak Shertok Samyak Shertok's poems appear or are forthcoming in Blackbird, Cincinnati Review, Colorado Review, Gettysburg Review, Hayden's Ferry Review, Shenandoah, Waxwing, and elsewhere. A 2020 National Poetry Series finalist, he has received fellowships from Aspen Words, the Vermont Studio Center, and the Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown. He also received the Robert and Adele Schiff Award for Poetry and an AWP Intro Journals Project Award in 2020. Copyright © 2020 Middlebury College Publications

Extrachromosomal circular DNAs: an extra piece of evidence to depict tumor heterogeneity.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises a heterogeneous number and type of cellular and noncellular components that vary in the context of molecular, genomic and epigenomic levels. The genotypic diversity and plasticity within cancer cells are known to be affected by genomic instability and genome alterations. Besides genomic instability within the chromosomal linear DNA, an extra factor appears in the form of extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs; 2–20 kbp) and microDNAs (200–400 bp). This extra heterogeneity within cancer cells in the form of an abundance of eccDNAs adds another dimension to the expression of procancer players, such as oncoproteins, acting as a driver for cancer cell survival and proliferation. This article reviews research into eccDNAs centering around cancer plasticity and hallmarks, and discusses these facts in light of therapeutics and biomarker development.

In Case You Haven't Heard…

A study from Australia in 2016 found improvements in psychological well‐being after increases in fruit and vegetable consumption, The Conversation reported Feb. 7. Researchers of a new study said they wanted to know if this finding held true using a larger sample (more than 40,000 participants) from the U.K. Household Longitudinal Study. Their analysis showed that increases in the consumption of fruit and vegetables are linked to increases in self‐reported mental well‐being and life satisfaction in data that spans a five‐year period, even after accounting for other determinants of mental well‐being such as physical health, income and consumption of other foods. The estimates from their work suggest that adding one portion to your diet per day could be as beneficial to mental well‐being as going for a walk on an extra seven to eight days a month. This result is encouraging, as it means that one possible way to improve your mental health could be something as simple as eating an extra piece of fruit every day or having a salad with a meal, researchers stated. Large trials are needed to provide robust evidence that the link is causal, they said.

The effect of an extra piece of fruit or vegetables at school on weight status in two generations - 14 years follow-up of the Fruit and Vegetables Makes the Marks study.

BackgroundThe obesity epidemic presents a major public health challenge, and a poor diet quality has been identified as one of the most important contributing factors. Whereas a sufficient fruit and vegetable consumption has been associated with several positive health outcomes, the long-term effect on overweight and obesity is unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to investigate if one year with free school fruit had any effect on weight status 14 years later, and if it affected the birth weight of the participants’ children.MethodsIn 2001, 10 -12-year old Norwegian children, received one year of free school fruit in the intervention study “Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks” (FVMM) and in 2016, a total of 1081 participants of 2049 eligible responded to a follow-up survey. Multilevel logistic regression was used to investigate if one year of free school fruit was associated with weight status and with birthweight status of the offspring. The analyses were adjusted for gender, educational level, and the offspring analysis also for parents’ weight status, and the nested design (child/parent).ResultsThe odds ratios of being overweight (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.70, 1.24) or having a child with high or low birth weight (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.21, 1.30) in the intervention group compared to the control group were not statistically significant, 14 years after the intervention period.ConclusionsOne year of free school fruit did not have an effect on weight status on the participants or birth weight of their offspring, 14 years after the intervention period. Although, results from the present study contribute to fill the knowledge gaps concerning long-term effects of public health efforts on weight status, more follow-up studies with larger samples are warranted.

TINGKAT KEAMANAN MINUMAN INFUSED WATER DENGAN DIVERSIFIKASI PENYIMPANAN YANG BERBEDA

Background: Water is one of the components required in human life. Three requirements of clean water in physics, chemical and bacteriological must have a raw quality requirements according to Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Infused Water beverages is water that has been given an extra piece of fruits that give the sensation of flavour and have much benefits for health. Infused Water became known and consumed by most people of Indonesia because the manufacturing process is very easy, using local fruits and have much benefits because it contains vitamins and minerals. The purpose of research is to determine the level of security of Infused Water beverages with different storage diversification and then matched with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7388:2009. As for the benefits of this research is to be able to add a list of healthy and nutrition beverages. Types of research: Experiment with a completely randomized design (RAL), data analysis to determine the effect of different storage towards security of Infused Water beverages then tested with normality of data using Shapiro Wilk. After the data have normal distribution then using Anova test. Research result: Sample code (AP, BP, CP, AD, BD, CD) of Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) examination qualified in Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) No. 01-3553-2006. There after do the estimators test, a confirmation test and Angka Paling Mungkin (APM) test that has been qualified in SNI 7388:2009. Conclusion: Examination result of Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) and Most Probable Number Coliform all samples comply the requirements of SNI, accordingly Infused Water has been decent for consumption.

Experimentally feasible quantum-key-distribution scheme using qubit-like qudits and its comparison with existing qubit- and qudit-based protocols

Recently, Chau introduced an experimentally feasible qudit-based quantum-key-distribution (QKD) scheme. In that scheme, one bit of information is phase encoded in the prepared state in a $2^n$-dimensional Hilbert space in the form $(|i\rangle\pm|j\rangle)/\sqrt{2}$ with $n\ge 2$. For each qudit prepared and measured in the same two-dimensional Hilbert subspace, one bit of raw secret key is obtained in the absence of transmission error. Here we show that by modifying the basis announcement procedure, the same experimental setup can generate $n$ bits of raw key for each qudit prepared and measured in the same basis in the noiseless situation. The reason is that in addition to the phase information, each qudit also carries information on the Hilbert subspace used. The additional $(n-1)$ bits of raw key comes from a clever utilization of this extra piece of information. We prove the unconditional security of this modified protocol and compare its performance with other existing provably secure qubit- and qudit-based protocols on market in the one-way classical communication setting. Interestingly, we find that for the case of $n=2$, the secret key rate of this modified protocol using non-degenerate random quantum code to perform one-way entanglement distillation is equal to that of the six-state scheme.

Achieving an Ideal Position of the Tube in Anterior Chamber: A New Approach

Aim To describe a novel technique of tube placement in the anterior chamber. Methods In this technique, the extra cut piece of the tube is used to provide a hinge/fulcrum such that the main tube entering the anterior chamber would be angulated posteriorly away from the cornea. Results The tube entering the anterior chamber is angulated posteriorly. Conclusions Using a fulcrum beneath the tube would assist in posterior positioning of the tube and prevent long-term tube endothelial touch.

A Chemical Perspective on Allostery.

Much work has been done in the past decade to quantify the phenomenon of allosteric communication in proteins. Every new study unveils an extra piece of the puzzle in our search for an understanding of allostery that allows us to make predictions on the response of a protein to medically relevant stimuli such as pathological mutations or drug binding. This review summarizes recent advances in the analysis of mechanisms of allosteric communication in proteins, and combines this new knowledge to offer a perspective of allostery which is consistent with chemical views of molecular processes. First, we review recent work, particularly computational, on the characterization of signal propagation and conformational changes in allosteric proteins. We then compare different models of allostery, and discuss the significance of the concept of an allosteric pathway. We argue that allostery can be rationalized in terms of pathways of residues that efficiently transmit energy between different binding sites. We then provide examples that show how this picture could account for most of the observed data, since energy flow may be manifested as changes in both structure and dynamics. We conclude by acknowledging that the proposed view is still a simplification and should not be taken as a rigorous model of allosteric communication in proteins. Nevertheless, simple pictures like this can go a long way in improving our understanding of many complex phenomena observed in nature.

A Non-Invasive Method for Condition Monitoring of Induction Motors Operating Under Arbitrary Loading Conditions

The literature review presents the various kinds of existing condition monitoring methods and highlights the need for an economical, intelligent fault diagnosis system for the motors that are being used in variable load applications. The motor current signature analysis (MCSA) has been used widely in previous research work for fault detection of the motor at full-load conditions. However, MCSA cannot detect faults under low-load conditions of the motor. This paper proposes the instantaneous power analysis (IPA) method for the bearing fault detection at various loading conditions of the motor. The experimental results indicate that IPA has more capability to detect faults under low-load conditions as compared to MCSA. Also, it has been shown that IPA carries an additional characteristic vibration frequency component which provides an extra piece of information that can be utilized in a reliable intelligent condition monitoring system. The proposed method has been validated through experiments at five different loading conditions of the motor.