External Network Research Articles

Altered Brain Connectivity and Network Topological Organization in a Non-ordinary State of Consciousness Induced by Hypnosis.

Hypnosis has been shown to be of clinical utility; however, its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate altered brain dynamics during the non-ordinary state of consciousness induced by hypnosis. We studied high-density EEG in 9 healthy participants during eyes-closed wakefulness and during hypnosis, induced by a muscle relaxation and eyes fixation procedure. Using hypotheses based on internal and external awareness brain networks, we assessed region-wise brain connectivity between six ROIs (right and left frontal, right and left parietal, upper and lower midline regions) at the scalp level and compared across conditions. Data-driven, graph-theory analyses were also carried out to characterize brain network topology in terms of brain network segregation and integration. During hypnosis, we observed (1) increased delta connectivity between left and right frontal, as well as between right frontal and parietal regions; (2) decreased connectivity for alpha (between right frontal and parietal and between upper and lower midline regions) and beta-2 bands (between upper midline and right frontal, frontal and parietal, also between upper and lower midline regions); and (3) increased network segregation (short-range connections) in delta and alpha bands, and increased integration (long-range connections) in beta-2 band. This higher network integration and segregation was measured bilaterally in frontal and right parietal electrodes, which were identified as central hub regions during hypnosis. This modified connectivity and increased network integration-segregation properties suggest a modification of the internal and external awareness brain networks that may reflect efficient cognitive-processing and lower incidences of mind-wandering during hypnosis.

Saturable Voltage-Behind-Reactance Models of Induction Machines Including Air-Gap Flux Harmonics

Accurate and numerically efficient models of induction machines are of critical importance for reliable analysis and simulation of large-scale power systems. Specifically, modeling magnetic saturation that causes air-gap flux harmonics, which can significantly affect machine dynamics, has been the focus of many research efforts. In this paper, two voltage-behind-reactance (VBR) models are proposed for induction machines which formulate the air-gap flux harmonics caused by the main flux saturation. Specifically, the proposed constant-parameter VBR (CPVBR) model can be conveniently interfaced with the external network using constant <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RL</i> branches and controlled voltage sources. The numerical performance of the two proposed VBR models is validated and benchmarked against the state-of-the-art models of induction machines with saturation and air-gap flux harmonics. It is shown that the proposed models offer superior numerical performance (i.e., higher accuracy and simulation speed) compared to the existing models, which would be beneficial for offline and/or real-time simulations of power systems.

Experiences of Current National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Collegiate Student-Athletes With Mental Health Resources.

Collegiate student-athletes (SAs) experience psychological stressors due to rigid schedules, team conflict, and injury. These factors can result in symptoms of mental health conditions, decreased daily functioning, and suicidality. To explore National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I SAs' experiences with mental health and access to and experiences with mental health resources at their university. Consensual qualitative research study. One-on-one interviews. Twenty-three Division I SAs (18 women, 5 men; mean age = 20 ± 2 years). Participants completed a semistructured interview that focused on their experiences with mental health. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim via Zoom. Credibility and trustworthiness were established via member checking, triangulation, and peer discussion among a 3-person coding team. Two domains, increased expectations and resources and management, were identified. The participants shared how they balanced life as a college student, academic stressors, performance expectations, and a sport-first mindset they perceived from coaches and support staff. They discussed their experience with the internal support network of coaches, the athletic department, and sport psychology. Participants remarked on their external support network, which included their family, friends, and psychological services. The resources available at their institutions and their accessibility were perceived both positively and negatively. Some collegiate SAs described resources as helpful, whereas others portrayed a lack of timeliness for appointments, lack of advertisement, incomprehension by counselors of athlete demands, and no sport-specific counseling as barriers. Collegiate SAs expressed mental health concerns due to stress and the demands of sport participation. Self-regulated coping strategies and support networks continue to be powerful and helpful resources for mental health, with or without a diagnosed condition. Barriers to mental health service use were a lack of sport specificity and lack of access. Institutions need to focus on creating athlete-centered mental health resources with annual advertisements to increase use.

A Discrete-Time Event-Driven Near-Optimal Second-Order SMC for Multirobotic System Formation Prone to Network Uncertainties.

In this article, we propose a novel stochastic event-driven near-optimal sliding-mode controller design for addressing the consensus of a multiagent system in a network. The system is prone to external disturbances and network uncertainties, such as losses and delays of data packets. The randomness of network uncertainties introduces stochasticity in the system. The design starts with the formulation of control-affine dynamics based on a single integrator robot model, formation error, and sliding surface dynamics. An event-triggering condition is then derived for an update of control input for each agent. These input updates guarantee desired consensus in finite time with reaching time of each agent's sliding surface having an upper bound. The admissibility of event-driven near-optimal control updates is also ensured for each agent. The near-optimal control design for each agent has achieved through neural-network-based actor-critic architecture. The implementation of Pioneer P3-DX mobile robots illustrates threefold efficacy of the proposed design: 1) advantages of event-driven approach and higher order sliding mode controller; 2) robustness to network uncertainties; and 3) near-optimality in system performance.

Model-Based Distributed Asynchronous Sampling for Multiagent Consensus With Event-Detecting Delays and Network Delays

In this paper, the practical average consensus problem of linear multi-agent systems with model-based distributed asynchronous sampling is investigated. Both internal event-detecting delays and external network delays are allowed in systems. Data-sampling instants are generated asynchronously by local event-triggering conditions. Particularly, data-sampling instants and event-triggering instants of each agent are also asynchronous due to the existence of event-detecting delays. Prediction models are utilized in detecting events and updating control inputs. Artificial interpolation instants are introduced in each sampling interval to address theoretical challenges brought by internal and external delays. To deal with this kind of complex asynchronous setup with multiple time delays, based on Barbalat's Lemma, a new procedure for deriving conditions for average consensus and a theoretical analysis approach are presented.

Post-Crisis Sustainable Performance of Manufacturing SMEs: The Roles of Positive Orientation, Financial Slack, and External Networks

This paper examines the roles of positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks in the sustainability of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) following the global financial crisis in 2008–2009. The financial crisis is a good example of sudden, unexpected external disruption, in which a firm’s resilience as well as sustainability is seriously tested. Using a sample of 207 manufacturing SMEs in Hong Kong, we tested the simultaneous effects of positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks on post-crisis firm performance through strategic change. Our findings show that positive orientation and external networks play an enabling role in strategic change, which in turn leads to high performance. The enabling role of financial slack is, however, not supported. The study also shows that positive orientation, financial slack, and external networks play a buffering role, which has direct and positive effects on performance. The results provide academics and practitioners with a new perspective of the underlying mechanism that sustains the firm performance of SMEs under a financial crisis.

Ubuntu as a mediator in coping with multimorbidity treatment burden in a disadvantaged rural and urban setting in South Africa

BackgroundPeople living with multimorbidity in economically precarious circumstances in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience a high workload trying to meet self-management demands. However, in countries such as South Africa, the availability of social networks and support structures may improve patient capacity, especially when networks are governed by cultural patterns linked to the Pan-African philosophy of Ubuntu, which promotes solidarity through humanness and human dignity. We explore the mediating role Ubuntu plays in people's ability to self-manage HIV/NCD multimorbidity in underprivileged settings in urban and rural South Africa. MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 patients living with HIV/NCD multimorbidity between February–April 2022. Patients attended public health clinics in Gugulethu, Cape Town and Bulungula, Eastern Cape. We analysed interviews using framework analysis, using the Cumulative Complexity Model (CuCoM) and Burden of Treatment Theory (BoTT) as frameworks through which to conceptualise the data. ResultsDespite facing economic hardship, people with multimorbidity in South Africa were able to cope with their workload. They actively used and mobilized family relations and external networks that supported them financially, practically, and emotionally, allowing them to better self-manage their chronic conditions. Embedded in their everyday life, patients, often unconsciously, embraced Ubuntu and its core values, including togetherness, solidarity, and receiving Imbeko (respect) from health workers. This enabled participants to share their treatment workload and increase self-management capacity. ConclusionUbuntu is an important mediator for people living with multimorbidity in South Africa, as it allows them to navigate their treatment workload and increase their social capital and structural resilience, which is key to self-management capacity. Incorporating Ubuntu and linked African support theories into current treatment burden models will enable better understandings of patients’ collective support and can inform the development of context-specific social health interventions that fit the needs of people living with chronic conditions in African settings.

Security Implementation Testing of Remote Terminal Unit for Power Utility

The Indian power sector is undergoing a transformation by implementing digital technologies to deal with the major challenges of higher AT&amp;C losses. Implementation of digital technologies requires the use of various communicable devices as a part of the Operational Technology (OT) system that enables real-time monitoring and control of the power sector. In order to access information from external networks, these technologies connect the OT systems with Information Technology (IT) systems, which exposes the OT systems to potential cyber-attacks. Therefore, it is essential to validate the security implementation of OT devices to mitigate the risk of cyber-attacks on OT systems. Electricity distribution utilities are implementing a substation automation system, and one of the major components of a substation automation system is Remote Terminal Unit (RTU). This paper explains the importance of cyber security requirements, OT system security challenges and security implementation testing of Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) as per IEC 62351 standards.

Analysis of the Efficiency of Hydrogen Production Technology at Mini-CHP Plants Using Local Fuelsby Thermochemical Method

Within the framework of the policy of “decarbonization” of the economy, a technology for hydrogen producing from local fuels (LF) and combustible waste of human activity is proposed as a part of the development of the functionality of heating cycles of energy production. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the energy efficiency of a steam-powered mini-CHP plant operating on local fuels with a thermochemical hydrogen production module. A brief literature review of thermochemical cycles of hydrogen production is presented, and it is shown that hybrid copper-chlorine Cu–Cl cycles are recognized as the most promising. In the Aspen Hysys software environment, a mathematical model of a mini-CHP plant with a five-stage hydrogen production cycle was synthesized, which can later be used as a component in the digital twin. According to the results of the analysis of the mathematical model, it was determined that the specific consumption of electric energy per 1 kg of hydrogen for such a scheme will be 9.11 (kW×h)/kg, which is on average more than five times less than in the production of hydrogen by electrolysis, the rest of the required energy is replaced by thermal one, while the maximum fuel utilization factor of mini-CHP with a hydrogen production module using wood waste as fuel amounted to 83.1 %, including a thermal efficiency of 51.5 %, the efficiency of hydrogen production at the lowest calorific value is 31 %, the electrical efficiency for the supply of electricity to the grid is 0.6 %. For comparison, the maximum fuel utilization of a steam-powered mini-CHP of the same electrical capacity reaches 90.9 %. The expansion of mini-CHP options operating on local fuels by introducing a hydrogen production unit by hybrid thermochemical method into its scheme makes it possible to increase the maneuverability of the station, which implies the possibility of organizing the operation of mini-CHP in accordance with the requirements of thermal consumers and electrical graph-reducing the loads of the power system during the hours of maxima and minima of its consumption by changing the electrical power supply to the network or increasing the power consumption of electricity from the external network to the power required for hydrogen production. In conclusion, the possibility of developing the studied scheme of a mini-CHP operating on local fuels towards further utilization of combustion products in order to generate artificial natural gas, which in this case can be called “green”, is indicated.

PH-controlled construction of 2D and 3D micro-nano hybrid carbon architectures with fluorescence/phosphorescence dual-mode emission for white-emitting diodes

Developing nanocarbon-based white-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with high energy conversion efficiency is still extremely challenging due to the issue of Kasha's rule and serious self-aggregation caused luminescent quenching of nanocarbon in a solid-state. Herein, the synergistic strategy of framework and intercalator between nanosheets and carbon dots (CDs) was adopted. Three novel 2D nanosheets, 3D nanoflowers and 3D parasa consocia-like micro-nano carbon architectures decorated with dispersive CDs were successfully fabricated through one-step hydrothermal reaction at different pH medium. The pH-regulated mechanisms of morphology and structure, via degree modulation of condensation and carbonization, were further proposed. All samples exhibited bright white emission, derived from fluorescence/phosphorescence dual-mode emission. The hybrid emission made sufficient utilization of single and triplet excitons with the quantum yield of 16%–30%. The superior white light with CIE coordinates of (0.331,0.334) was recorded for neutral sample (p-CNDs-N), ascribed to the multiple energy level transitions from polydisperse luminescence centers. The luminous efficiency was remarkably improved in HCl (p-CNDs-H) and NaOH treated samples (p-CNDs-OH), resulting from inner carbonization, external cross-linked network and the passivation of surface defect sites. This is the first example for pH-controlled fabrication of multi-dimension hybrid nanocarbon structures and pH-controlled fluorescence/phosphorescence dual-mode emission for highly efficient carbon-based WLEDs.

Abstract P1178: APOE-NOTCH Axis Governs Elastogenesis During Human Cardiac Valve Remodeling

Background: Valve remodeling is a complex process involving extracellular matrix organization, development of trilaminar structures, and physical elongation of valve leaflets. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating valve remodeling and their roles in congenital valve disorders remain poorly understood. Methods: Semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves from healthy and age-matched human fetal hearts with pulmonary stenosis (PS) were collected. Single-Cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to determine the transcriptomic landscape of multiple valvular cell subtypes in valve remodeling and disease. Results: scRNA-seq analysis of healthy human fetal valves identified a novel APOE+ elastin-producing valve interstitial cell (Elastin-VIC) subtype spatially located underneath VECs in the direction of unidirectional flow. Knockdown of APOE in fetal VICs resulted in significant elastogenesis defects. In pulmonary valve with PS, we observed decreased expression of APOE and other genes regulating elastogenesis such as EMILIN1 and LOXL1 , as well as elastin fragmentation. Cell-cell interaction analysis revealed that JAG1 from unidirectional VECs activates NOTCH signaling in Elastin-VICs through NOTCH3. In vitro Jag1 treatment in VICs increased the expression of elastogenesis-related genes and enhanced contractile functions with related gene expression. This was accompanied by activation of NOTCH signaling and elastogenesis observed in VICs co-cultured with VECs in the presence of unidirectional flow. Notably, we found that the JAG1-NOTCH3 signaling pair was drastically reduced in the PS valves. Lastly, we demonstrated that APOE is indispensable for JAG1-induced NOTCH activation in VICs, reinforcing the presence of a synergistic intrinsic and external regulatory network involving APOE and NOTCH signaling that is responsible for regulating elastogenesis during human valve remodeling. Conclusion: scRNA-seq analysis of human fetal valves identified a novel Elastin-VIC subpopulation, and revealed mechanism of APOE and NOTCH signaling mediated elastogenesis during valve remodeling, which provided opportunity to understand pathogenesis of elastic malformation within congenital valve disease.

Robust traffic grooming and infrastructure placement in OTN-over-DWDM networks

The advent of next-generation networks has revolutionized modern networking practices through its improved service capability as well as its numerous emerging use cases. Coupled with the increasing number of connected devices, 5G and beyond (5G+) network traffic is expected to be increasingly diverse and high in volume. To address the large amount of data exchanged between the 5G+ core and external data networks, optical transport networks (OTNs) with dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) will be leveraged. In order to prepare for this increase in traffic, network operators (NOs) must develop and expand their existing backbone networks, requiring significant levels of capital expenditures. To this end, the traffic grooming and infrastructure placement problem is critical to supporting NO decisions. The work presented in this paper considers the traffic grooming and infrastructure placement problem for OTN-over-DWDM networks. The dynamicity and diversity of 5G+ network traffic are addressed through the use of robust optimization, allowing for increasing levels of solution conservativeness to protect against various levels of demand uncertainty. Furthermore, a robust traffic grooming and infrastructure placement heuristic (RGIP-H) solution capable of addressing the scalability concerns of the optimization problem formulation is presented. The results presented in this work demonstrate how the tuning of the robust parameters affects the cost of the objective function. Additionally, the ability of the robust solution to protect the solution under demand uncertainty is highlighted when the robust and deterministic solutions are compared during parameter deviation trials. Finally, the performance of the RGIP-H is compared to the optimization models when applied to larger network sizes.

Applying lean principles to innovation management

The innovative potential of the organization is increasingly becoming one of the key factors of competitive advantage. The philosophy of lean manufacturing has a well-established reputation for its focus on process efficiency and is therefore often applied in various areas of innovation. This broad and growing applicability has resulted in a large body of literature on lean innovation. The purpose of this article is to conceptualize an integrative view of Lean Innovation Management. Based on a systematic review of the literature, key principles and practices of lean manufacturing that are useful in the context of innovation management are identified and combined into a comprehensive framework. Five aspects of lean innovation are identified: coaching, learning culture, collaborative organizational structure, collaborative external networks and learning procedures), which reflect the structure of the relationship between lean manufacturing and innovation. Contributing to the current socio-technical concept of lean, this study brings together the literature into a comprehensive framework of cultural, relational, organizational, technical, and leadership qualities. Future research may focus on the Lean Innovation Management transformation process and how it can be monitored and evaluated according to management maturity levels or organization development stages.

Data-driven boundary regression for equivalent identification of external parameters in steady-state models of power systems

External Network Modeling (ENM) is an important method to simplify and accelerate power system control, protection, and optimization. Traditional model-based methods obtain accurate external parameters by analyzing the physical properties of the whole system. In the case of incomplete physical information, the use of data-driven models has become an effective means to analyze the operating state of power systems. In this paper, a data-driven approach is used to propose an external equivalent parameter identification framework for steady-state models of power systems to accurately estimate the operating states of power systems of interest. Linear correction coefficients are used to deal with the challenges brought by the nonconvexities of the power flow equation to the regression. Based on the linearly mapped power flow equation, we derive the Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR) model of the external power system. The Box-Cox transformation (BCT) and ridge regression algorithm (RRA) algorithms are designed to address data normality, collinearity, and overfitting. The proposed framework is tested on a series of IEEE standard cases, which include both meshed transmission grids and radial distribution grids, with both Monte Carlo simulated data and public testing data. The results show that the proposed method can obtain a higher calculation accuracy than model-based methods can. The results also demonstrate that the proposed data-driven equivalent framework can obtain accurate regression parameter matrices under the condition of non-normal data, and accurately reflect the physical parameters of the external power system.

Analysis of operation of heat exchangers of a heating system in the arrangement of reliable and safe heat supply of residential buildings

The arrangement of heat supply of residential buildings with independent connection to external heating networks is considered, which ensures the reliability of heat supply and the necessary comfort in the premises in cold weather conditions after the official termination of the heating season or before it begins due to the supply of water from the return main of the heating network after the DHW heat exchangers. A mathematical model describing the non-stationary modes of operation of heaters of the heating system under the conditions of the implementation of this arrangement is constructed and studied. Calculations were carried out using this model, including numerical simulation on a computer using the Monte Carlo method. It is established that in this case, due to fluctuations in the waste water consumption following the daily variation in water consumption at the DHW, there occurs a decrease in the average heat transfer coefficient of the heater of the heating system and its temperature efficiency due to the fact that these values depend on the flow rate in a non-linear way, and their growth during the period of increased water intake at the DHW does not compensate for the decrease during the reduction of water consumption. It is noted that in this case, the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient lies within the usual error of engineering calculation, and this effect can be neglected. It is proved that, with a small number of heat transfer units in the heater of the heating system attributed to the heated flow, the total amount of heat transferred can decrease quite significantly (by up to 30 percent); however, with a rational choice of the heater size, such a decrease is within the limits allowed by the margins applied when setting the flow rate of delivery water and determining the heat transfer area.

Server load estimation by Burr distribution mixture analysis of TCP SYN response time

Server load estimation is key in balancing traffic between servers when optimizing data center resources. Intrusive methods are sometimes difficult or impossible to implement. Therefore, non-intrusive estimation methods are the best alternative in these cases. The objective of this paper is to present a server load estimation method based on external network traffic measurements obtained in a vantage point close to the server. Statistical distributions of TCP SYN response time, that is, the time from SYN to SYN+ACK segments at the server side, are used to fit Burr Type XII heavy tail distribution mixtures. The fitting algorithm, based on maximum likelihood estimation, is developed in detail in this paper. Experimental data shows that the median of the fitted distribution correlates within the 95% confidence interval of the server load figures and, thus, it can be used as a non-intrusive and accurate method to measure it. This new method can be applied to almost any existing load balancing algorithm, as it does not make any assumption about the server, which is considered a black box.

Innovative Technologies in the Management of the Educational Process in the University: Prospects and Ways of Implementation

The purpose of the article is to provide a concise overview of the potential and methods for implementing groundbreaking technologies in the management of higher education. Research methods. The research utilized a variety of scientific and specialized research techniques, such as analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and systemic and structural analysis. The scientific novelty is to highlight the prospects, ways of implementation, as well as benefits of involving innovative technologies in the management of the educational process in higher education institutions. Information and innovative technologies and computerization in all areas of education have been one of the main trends in the development of modern society for many years. Although new information and innovative technologies are being introduced into the educational process, higher education institutions are provided with computer equipment and constant access to the Internet, which is openly used by teachers and students, where these processes have formed a new scientific and technical basis for the development and operation of virtual tools in education. The virtual educational environment formation is one of the most significant methodological and pedagogical tasks of the efficient organization of the educational process, which consists in developing the higher education establishment’s infrastructure, namely the information environment, which involves implementing new information services. Conclusions. It has been established that under current conditions, innovative technologies serve as tools for solving individual pedagogical tasks and provide new opportunities for managing the educational process. The progressive development of the educational process organization requires the involvement of new learning models integrated into information and communication technologies. As a result, higher education establishments will receive the following benefits: teaching students the skills they will need in further education throughout their lives and future professional activities; access to information and communication outside the classroom; use of innovative technologies to support the pedagogical development of teachers through external networks, etc. The use of innovative technologies in the management of the educational process in universities requires the development of the infrastructure of the education environment: the commissioning of computer equipment, network support, information terminals, educational and methodological techniques and technical support for innovative technologies, as well as the development of a strategy for equipping higher education institutions with the necessary educational software. The ways of implementing innovative technologies in the management of the educational process in universities are identified: development of partnerships between higher education institutions, government agencies and other organizations; availability of qualified personnel whose activities are aimed at implementing innovative technologies in the management of the educational process; development of a strategy that defines goals and objectives, necessary resources and schedule for a particular higher education institution.

A Digital Watermark Method for In-Vehicle Network Security Enhancement

In recent years, automobiles have become increasingly networked with the development of information and communication technology (ICT). With the enhancement of the connectivity between the electronic control units of the vehicle and the external network, cybersecurity and driving safety issues have also arisen. However, as a traditional in-vehicle network standard, the controller area network (CAN) protocol lacks a network security mechanism design, making it vulnerable to hacker attacks. The current research on the cybersecurity enhancement method for in-vehicle CAN is a multi-objective optimization problem with response time, bandwidth consumption and computational complexity reduction. This study presents an in-vehicle message authentication method based on digital watermark and Huffman coding that are compatible with current CAN bus protocols. Our method not only minimize the delay of message authentication, but also save the storage resources to the greatest extent. Moreover, to tackle the issue of low computing resources, multiple messages can be authenticated at one time. In order to evaluate the performance, we implement our method on CAN communication platform and validate its high accuracy, low latency, and compatibility.

The role of social networks in the development of rural community-based eco-industry

The lack of eco-industrial development in rural areas demonstrates how isolated these people are from outside networks and resources. The ecological industrial management of clove leaf essential oil run by rural communities within the network is further revealed and analyzed in this study using the social network analysis approach. The findings of this study show how networks are crucial to understanding interactions between subgroups, density, and centralization. This study also implies that strengthening internal social networks inside rural communities, particularly subgroup interactions, must go hand in hand with initiatives to broaden external social networks. While preserving the sustainability of rural ecosystems, strengthening the social networks of rural eco-industries will also create new employment opportunities.

Cellular Network Traffic Prediction Based on Correlation ConvLSTM and Self-Attention Network

Predicting the future dynamicity of the network traffic are crucially important to support the 5G intelligent system and automated network management. In this letter, we propose a Correlation-based ConvLSTM and Self-Attention-based Network (CCSANet) to accurately predict complex cellular network traffic. In the proposed CCSANet, the correlation layer is leveraged in ConvLSTM to improve the ability of extracting consecutive spatial features. Additionally, the self-attention is adopted to aggregate the ability of extracting the dependency between external factors feature and network traffic feature. Experimental evaluations on real-world cellular network traffic datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CCSANet, which outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods.