External Jugular Vein Aneurysm Research Articles

Insights into EJV varix: A comprehensive case report

Venous aneurysms originating from the External Jugular Vein (EJV) are uncommon, with those arising from the internal jugular vein being more prevalent. Spontaneous EJV aneurysms are exceedingly rare, leading to ongoing debates regarding their management [1]. Varix of the EJV often manifests as an abnormal sacculofusiform dilation, typically discovered incidentally, and its etiology remains unclear. The preferred diagnostic method involves ultrasonography with Doppler before, during, and after the Valsalva manoeuvre. A high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosing this condition [2]. These aneurysms are typically viewed as benign abnormalities requiring treatment primarily for cosmetic reasons, with open surgical intervention being the preferred therapeutic approach [3].

Comparative analysis of ultrasound diagnosis and pathological characteristics of external jugular venous aneurysm.

This study aimed to investigate the diagnosis of the external jugular venous aneurysm on color Doppler ultrasound and its relationship with pathological characteristics. A retrospective analysis of 17 patients with external jugular venous aneurysm admitted to the Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University from May, 2010, to June, 2020, was performed. The color Doppler ultrasound characteristics of 17 patients with external jugular vein aneurysms were analyzed and summarized, which were then compared with postoperative pathological outcomes. All 17 patients with external jugular venous aneurysms were presented with cystic structures adjacent to and communicated with the external jugular vein. Color Doppler flow imaging showed a bidirectional venous flow signal in the communication between the cystic structure and the external jugular vein. Among the 17 patients, ultrasound diagnosis showed true venous aneurysm due to degenerative changes in the venous wall in 8 cases, venous pseudoaneurysm in 4 cases, and external jugular venous aneurysm in 5 cases, and postoperative pathology indicated degenerative changes in the venous wall in all 17 patients. Bidirectional blood flow at the communication between the cystic lesion and the external jugular vein on color Doppler ultrasound should not be the criterion for the diagnosis of external jugular venous pseudoaneurysm, which requires pathological support.

Bilateral Conjugating Carotid Body Tumor and Associated Jugular Vein Aneurysm.

Carotid body tumors (CBTs) originate from the paraganglionic tissue in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a commonly used diagnostic method in the preoperative diagnosis of these tumors. In this study, we demonstrated an isthmus between the right and left carotid body tumors in a patient with bilateral CBT. The left CBT also was associated with a saccular aneurysm of left external jugular vein.

Unilateral external jugular vein aneurysm in a dog

An 11-month-old Staffordshire Bull Terrier was referred with a two-month history of fluctuating unilateral jugular groove swelling, which appeared to enlarge after exercise. There was no history of trauma. Multimodal imaging findings (using transdermal and transesophageal ultrasound and dual phase computed tomography angiography) were consistent with large, saccular, left jugular vein aneurysm, running parallel to the left carotid artery. There did not appear to be any arteriovenous communication present. There were no cardiac abnormalities found on echocardiography. Following surgical excision, histopathological analysis supported the clinical suspicion of a congenital external jugular venous aneurysm.

A large and complex saccular external jugular vein aneurysm in an adolescent girl

Venous aneurysms of the head and neck region are very uncommon. Aneurysms of the external jugular vein in children are exceedingly rare, and consequently the best approach to diagnosis and management has not been clearly defined. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl with a non-pulsatile, occasionally painful, enlarging fullness in her right supraclavicular fossa and neck. Imaging demonstrated a large and complex right external jugular vein aneurysm with thrombus. Given the symptomatic nature of this aneurysm, recurrent episodes of thrombosis, and the risk of thromboembolism, she underwent surgical excision. Thorough pre-operative planning with additional imaging to better understand the anatomy of this aneurysm was critical to a safe and successful intervention. • External jugular vein aneurysms are rare, especially in pediatric patients. • The best approach to diagnosis and management has not been defined. • Large and complex aneurysms warrant careful preoperative planning. • Additional preoperative imaging may provide information important to a safe intervention.

Management of external jugular vein aneurysm: a systematic review.

Aneurysms of the jugular vein system are rare and high clinical suspicion is needed for diagnosis. External jugular vein aneurysms (EJVA) are considered innocent lesions that need treatment mainly for aesthetic reasons. The aim of this systematic review was to present current literature regarding diagnosis and management of EJVAs. A literature review was conducted through the Pubmed/Medline and Scopus regarding articles referring on EJVA from 2000 to 2020. Using the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses), 30 articles were identified, according to inclusion criteria. Demographics, clinical characteristics, etiology, diagnostic imaging, complications, treatment, and histopathological findings were recorded and analyzed. Twenty-seven case reports and one case series were identified, including 30 patients and 31 EJVAs. One-third of patients (30.3%) were < 18 years old (mean age 32 years, range 1-72 years) and 54% of them were females. In 51% of the cases, the lesion was characterized as a true aneurysm after histological evaluation. The presence of a soft cervical mass was the most common clinical symptom, while Valsalva maneuver pointed out the presence of an EJVA in 66.7% of patients. Diagnosis was achieved using ultrasonography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-three percent of the patients underwent more than one radiological examination. Twenty patients underwent surgical management. The primary indication of surgical treatment was aesthetic reasons (11/20, 55%). Thrombosis was the most common EJVA complication (11/30, 36.3%). Differential diagnosis of neck mass should include EJVA. High clinical suspicion and adequate imaging are important for diagnosis. Open surgical approach is the more commonly applied therapeutic strategy.

External Jugular Vein Aneurysm as a Rare Cause of Neck Swelling

Venous aneurysms of the external jugular veins are rare. In this case report, we describe the case of a 49-year-old gentleman who presented to us with a painless neck swelling and underwent surgical resection.

Clinical profile and management of external jugular vein aneurysms.

External jugular vein (EJV) aneurysm is an extremely uncommon clinical condition. We have studied the clinical profile and need for surgery in this present seven case series of primary external jugular vein aneurysms. Over the past three years, we have diagnosed and managed aneurysms of external jugular vein in seven patients, who presented with swelling in the posterior triangle of the neck. Venous duplex was obtained in all the patients, followed by computed tomography (CT) in three patients and one patient reported with magnetic resonance (MR) venography from another hospital. Three patients had symptoms ranging from mild intermittent discomfort to moderate pain underwent excision of aneurysm after ligation of both ends of EJV. Four patients had swelling on the lateral side of the neck due to EJV aneurysm, with no other associated symptoms. They were kept on six monthly follow-ups. We operated three patients, as they were symptomatic, of which only two had thrombus in the aneurysmal sac. All three symptomatic patients had aneurysm of size >5 cm. Post-surgery and on subsequent follow-ups they were asymptomatic. The four asymptomatic patients kept on conservative management did not develop any thrombosis of aneurysm sac in follow up. Surgical excision is indicated for symptomatic patients with EJV aneurysm, preferably for size > 5 cm because of their higher association with thrombosis or symptoms. Asymptomatic patients can be managed non-operatively with regular surveillance by clinical examination and venous duplex or can be treated if patients insist due to cosmetic reasons.

External jugular vein aneurysm: successful endovascular management of an exceedingly rare entity

A 12-year-old girl presented with a painful, non-pulsatile swelling in the right supraclavicular fossa of 6-month duration, which increased in size on straining and coughing ([figure 1A][1]). Physical examination and...

External Jugular Vein Aneurysm Presenting as an Enlarging and Painful Cervical Mass

Venous aneurysms are a rare venous pathology. Primary aneurysms of neck veins are uncommon, particularly aneurysms of the external jugular vein being extremely rare, with only a few cases described in literature. We present a case of a 42-year-old woman with no prior neck trauma who presented with an enlarging and painful mass in the left supraclavicular fossa. A computed tomography angiography demonstrated a 3 cm saccular external jugular vein aneurysm. We surgically resected the aneurysm and were able to preserve the external jugular vein. Resection was necessary given its symptomatic nature, aesthetic discomfort and potential thrombotic complications. Fig. 2External jugular vein saccular aneurysm. View Large Image Figure Viewer Download Hi-res image

Saccular aneurysm of external jugular vein with partial thrombosis

Venous aneurysms are uncommon clinical entities. Venous aneurysms involving the head and neck region are distinctly uncommon, and a saccular aneurysm of the external jugular vein with thrombus is extremely rare. We present a case of saccular aneurysm of the external jugular vein with partial thrombosis in a 30-year-old woman, which was diagnosed on duplex ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and treated by surgical excision.

External Jugular Vein Aneurysm with Thrombus Presenting as Neck Mass: A Case Report (Rare Case)

External jugular vein aneurysm with thrombosis presenting as neck swelling is a rare clinical entity and rarely encountered in routine clinical practice in otorhinolaryngology. We present a case of a 52-year-old female with external jugular vein aneurysm presenting as a neck mass. Ultrasound of the neck and CT showed saccular dilation of the external jugular vein with thrombosis within the aneurysm. Saccular aneurysm of the external jugular vein is very uncommon and can lead to thrombotic complications with serious consequence.

Congenital venous aneurysm of the right external jugular vein in a great dane

An 11-month-old entire female great dane was presented for a painless swelling on the ventral right side of its neck. Fine needle aspiration of the mass revealed the presence of...

Partially thrombosed aneurysm of external jugular vein mimicking cervical lymphadenopathy

Partially thrombosed aneurysm of external jugular vein mimicking cervical lymphadenopathy

Aneurisma da Veia Jugular Externa Trombosado: Causa Rara de Tumefação Cervical

Venous aneurysms are rarely responsible for neck masses, and regarding the neck veins, external jugular vein aneurysms are extremely uncommon, with a few cases reported in the literature. Although most cases are asymptomatic, they may cause pain, be complicated by thrombosis or even rupture. Imaging studies have a role in the diagnosis and surgical planning of this pathology. With emphasis on the imaging techniques, the authors present a case of an external jugular vein aneurysm, initially asymptomatic but thereafter complicated with thrombosis.

Spontaneous thrombosis of primary external jugular veins aneurysms

External jugular vein (EJV) aneurysms represent a rare condition whose origin, evolution and consequent best therapeutic options still need further investigations. We present herein two peculiar clinical cases. In the first one, an EJV aneurysm developed around a malformed valve which embedded a spontaneous thrombosis. Transverse cutaneous nerve compression by the aneurysmatic mass was identified. In the second case, a recurring thrombosed EJV aneu - rysm was found pinched among the platysma muscle and the superficial layer of the cervical fascia. A pertinent literature review is also presented in order to interpret the findings herein never previously described.

External jugular venous aneurysm: A clinical curiosity

Jugular venous aneurysm is an extremely rare condition. The patients presented with a painless swelling in the neck that appears while coughing, straining, bending, or breath holding. Detection of a soft and compressible swelling in the course of an external jugular vein (EJV) superficial to the sternomastoid muscle, non-filling on compression of the EJV during Valsalva maneuver clinches the diagnosis of EJV aneurysm. Color Doppler ultrasound allows precise delineation of the lesion and is considered the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis. Surgical excision is indicated mostly for cosmetic reasons and symptomatic aneurysms. We, herein, report a patient with saccular external jugular venous aneurysm to highlight the typical clinical presentation and diagnosis of this rare entity.

Aneurysm of External Jugular Vein Mimicking Hemangioma of Neck

Venous aneurysms are one of the rare causes of neck swellings. Among neck veins, external jugular vein aneurysms are uncommon. We present a case of a woman who presented with a nontender compressible swelling in the left lower neck region, which initially thought to be hemangioma, was later found to be external jugular vein aneurysm on Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography.

External jugular vein aneurysm: A rare cause of neck swelling. A report of three patients

Venous aneurysms are a relatively rare pathology, far less common than arterial aneurysms. Unrelated to either age or gender, they can affect any vein, including cervical, thoracic, visceral, and lower limb veins. Aneurysmal dilatations in cervical veins are rare due to low pressure in the vena cava system; they can involve any vein but most frequently are observed on the internal and external jugular veins. This report of three patients highlights some of the specific diagnostic and therapeutic features of this pathology.

Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma in an external jugular vein aneurysm with recurrent thrombosis

A 50-year-old male patient was admitted for a symptomatic aneurysm of the external jugular vein. Thrombosis of the aneurysm was treated by oral anticoagulant but recurrence of neck swelling and thrombosis occurred 1 year after oral anticoagulant was discontinued. No other vascular anomalies were detected, and blood tests were normal. Surgical resection was done "en bloc" with the muscular fibers in contact. Pathologic examination was compatible with a Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma. To our knowledge, this is the first case of symptomatic Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma diagnosed in a patient with thrombosed aneurysm of a cervical vein.