Expressions Of Dissatisfaction Research Articles

Revisiting the Concept of Voice: Expression of Grievances across the English and Welsh National Health Service

Abstract This article reexamines the notion of voice in law and society scholarship, which has focused on journeys to complaints and claims. Using the English and Welsh National Health Service as a case study, it argues that looking at the articulation of grievances through a large number of channels across a large service sector offers new opportunities to examine a range of different political logics underpinning voicing mechanisms. Two key arguments emerge. First, it becomes clear that expressions of dissatisfaction can be collected for a variety of purposes other than dispute resolution or conflict management. Formal grievance procedures, rendered legitimate by concepts of rights and due process, not only interact with but compete with other ways of serving the collective good. The second key finding is that when looked at in isolation, the concept of voice can usefully be studied as a discrete concept rather than just a vital component of claiming.

MANAGING CONTEMPORARY INDUSTRIAL CONFLICT IN SELECTED MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the effective conflict management strategies employed within selected manufacturing industries in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Industrial conflict encompasses various expressions of dissatisfaction within the employment relationship, particularly those related to employment contracts that empower employees to negotiate. Conflict management, on the other hand, encompasses various methods and approaches to resolving conflicts within organizations. The implementation of conflict management techniques and programs in organizations has yielded numerous advantages. These benefits include increased productivity, improved self-regulation in conflict scenarios, enhanced interpersonal communication skills, reduced suspension rates, prevention of violence, fewer detentions, and the promotion of respect for diverse perspectives and opinions among individuals in the workplace. This study collected primary data from employees at Best Peacock Paint and Paterson Zochonis (PZ) Nig. Plc in Port Harcourt. Data analysis employed statistical tools such as absolute numbers, tables, and percentages to address research questions and gather personal information from respondents. Hypothesis testing utilized the x2 (Chi-Square) statistical technique. The analysis results revealed that conflict management strategies like collective bargaining, compromise, and accommodation positively contribute to employee performance within manufacturing industries. As a result, this study recommends, among other measures, that employers take proactive steps to manage all forms of industrial conflict to prevent exacerbation. Additionally, employers should avoid allowing unfounded assumptions to interfere with their pursuit of desirable outcomes successfully.

THE STUDENT RESISTANCE TO THE SOVIET TOTALITARIAN SYSTEM IN WESTERN UKRAINE (1944–1953)

The place of student youth in the general picture of the ideological confrontation between the Ukrainian national liberation movement and the Soviet authorities in Western Ukraine in the postwar period is studied. The participation of students of higher educational institutions of the Western Ukrainian region in the movement of Resistance to Stalinist totalitarian system was analyzed. The scientific novelty of the article consists in the analysis of the ideological confrontation between the OUN and the Soviet authorities for influencing the student youth of the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR. In the course of the research, problem-historical, search methods, as well as methods of microhistory and local history were used. The main forms and methods of students’ intellectual resistance to Stalin’s totalitarian regime are determined. The peculiarities of the ideological and educational activity of the OUN among the youth and its opposition to communist education are considered. On the basis of a wide source base, it is substantiated that the Soviet ideology caused the opposition of the most active part of the students of Western Ukrainian higher education institutions. It was studied that the main methods of activity of nationally conscious youth in 1944–1953 varied from individual speeches and expressions of dissatisfaction with the Soviet government to the creation of conspiratorial nationalist organizations and groups. It was determined that underground student structures set themselves the goal of conducting oral anti-Soviet agitation, producing and distributing leaflets and nationalist literature within the walls of universities and among the population, raising the level of knowledge, spreading national education, and in some places, they performed the tasks of the OUN underground in collecting the necessary information. It was established that manifestations of individual disobedience or organized resistance were immediately blocked by the Soviet punitive structures, and bearers of the Ukrainian national idea were subjected to repression. Keywords institution of higher education, students, intellectual resistance, propaganda, totalitarian regime, western regions of the Ukrainian SSR, postwar period.

Investigation of Complaints Received from Affiliated Centres in the Treatment Supervision Department of the Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2020

Background: Complaints are expressions of dissatisfaction that need to be addressed and are a very effective tool for improving the quality of care and treatment services. This study was conducted to investigate the complaints received in 2020 in the treatment supervision department of the Iran University of Medical Sciences.
 Methods: The present study is a retrospective descriptive study. All registered complaints, including written, oral and telephone, were reviewed by the complaints officer of the treatment supervision office in 2020. The data obtained from the review of complaints provided by clients of affiliated centres, including personal information of the complainant, the complainant was classified in an Excel file and analyzed by using descriptive statisticsSuch as number and percentage.
 Results: Of the total number of complaints received in 2020 with 2121, the cases included complaints about the provision of care and medical services 809cases, tariff 301 cases, health and infection control 222 cases, the activity of unauthorized persons 194 cases, visit services 125 cases, defects, respectively, Technical equipment 76 cases, lack of licenses 76 cases, admission and clearance services 69 cases, induced demand 66 cases, drugs 64 cases, how to deal 63 cases, center closure and non-service 20 cases, forgery and misuse 18 cases, illegal advertising 10 cases, manpower shortage 8 cases.
 Conclusion: It seems that by identifying the effective factors in the occurrence of complaints and dissatisfaction and adopting solutions regarding Training in improving behavioural, communication and professional skills, periodic monitoring visits, reporting functional deficiencies to affiliated centres to correct and eliminate deficiencies, can be done to satisfy and prevent dissatisfaction so that the patient and with a pleasant memory of the process if necessary, refer others to the mentioned centre if necessary.

STRIKES IN ESSENTIAL SERVICES - THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Historically, the right to strike in the essential services was extremely limited, with examples of state based repressive activity. Modern Russian society has a stronger societal - State consensus though this is under pressure from economic factors including reductions in living standards. Most expressions of dissatisfaction take place outside the legal framework. The current regulation of strikes is not balanced and this paper outlines the current situation within its historical context.

LA PACE E LA GIUSTIZIA COME “DIRITTI ESSENZIALI” DELL’UOMO

The link between peace and justice, in the system of sources of Italian law is often expressed through the two antithetic categories, namely the idea of war and the concept of social injustice. In fact, the Constitution sometimes makes a direct reference to peace; other times, recalls the peace in an indirect way, through its opposite, war, that repudiates firmly. In the history of humanity, the issues of social injustice have been contributory causes expressions of dissatisfaction, in the face of existential human rights ignored, injury and lack of respect for the dignity of the person. Therefore, the phenomenon of peace has become more not only a legal but also economic, ethical and social importance. In this perspective, the right to peace and the right to social justice may be included among the essential rights of man, worthy of absolute protection and unconditional.

Responses to dissatisfaction in friendships and romantic relationships: An interpersonal script analysis

According to interpersonal script models, people’s responses to relational events are shaped by the reaction they expect from a close other. We analyzed responses to dissatisfaction in close relationships from an interpersonal script perspective. Participants reported on how a close friend or romantic partner would react to their expressions of dissatisfaction (using the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect typology). They were also asked to forecast whether the issue would be resolved (i.e., anticipated outcomes). Our main hypothesis was that people’s expectations for how a close other would respond to dissatisfaction would be dependent on their own self response. Further, we predicted that passive responses would be more common and viewed as less deleterious to a friendship than a romantic relationship. Results indicated that the responses that were expected from close others were contingent on how self responded. Moreover, as predicted, these contingencies followed different tracks depending on the type of relationship. Friends were more likely to expect passive responses to self’s expression of dissatisfaction, especially if self responded with neglect, whereas romantic partners expected more active responses. Furthermore, people anticipated that the issue would be more likely to be resolved if their friend (vs. romantic partner) responded passively and less actively (especially for destructive responses). It was concluded that people hold complex, nuanced interpersonal scripts for dissatisfaction and that these scripts vary, depending on the relationship context.

Reasoned Ethical Engagement: Ethical Values of Consumers as Primary Antecedents of Instrumental Actions Towards Multinationals

Consumer actions towards multinationals encompass not just expressions of dissatisfaction and ethical identity but also what are problematically termed ‘instrumental actions’ entailing perceived purposes and likely impacts. This term may seem inappropriate where insufficient information exists for instrumentally linking means to ends, yet we consider it useful for describing purposive consumer action in its subjective aspect because it reflects the psychological reality whereby complexity-reducing social constructions give consumer actions instrumentally rational form for purposes of meaningful understanding and justification. This paper is particularly concerned to explore the complexities of cause and intention—particularly ethical intention—which are thus reduced. In particular, it considers complex interaction between individual ethical values, demographic factors and contexts of societal practice (i.e. cultural factors). It seeks to highlight primary antecedents among these interactants in order to guide both consumers and multinationals in their complexity-reducing social constructions to improve their fit to true causes and intentions. Study 1 involved 606 United Kingdom nationals, while study 2 involved 2561 individuals from 15 nations. Both sets of findings link higher personal income levels to propensity to engage in instrumental actions towards multinationals. Overwhelmingly, however, individual ethical values seem to matter most, irrespective of demographic or cultural contexts. These findings suggest that both consumers and multinationals engaged in ethical dialogue with consumers are best advised to articulate a universalising and not culturally or nationally bound ethical intelligence, which speaks directly to conscience within a global ethical discourse.

Blog Posting After Lung Cancer Notification: Content Analysis of Blogs Written by Patients or Their Families.

The advent and spread of the Internet has changed the way societies communicate. A portion of information on the Internet may constitute an important source of information concerning the experiences and thoughts of patients and their families. Patients and their families use blogs to obtain updated information, search for alternative treatments, facilitate communication with other patients, and receive emotional support. However, much of this information has yet to be actively utilized by health care professionals. We analyzed health-related information in blogs from Japan, focusing on the feelings and satisfaction levels of lung cancer patients or their family members after being notified of their disease. We collected 100 blogs written in Japanese by patients (or their families) who had been diagnosed with lung cancer by a physician. These 100 blogs posts were searchable between June 1 and June 30, 2013. We focused on blog posts that addressed the lung cancer notification event. We analyzed the data using two different approaches (Analysis A and Analysis B). Analysis A was blog content analysis in which we analyzed the content addressing the disease notification event in each blog. Analysis B was patient's dissatisfaction and anxiety analysis. Detailed blog content regarding patient's dissatisfaction and anxiety at the individual sentence level was coded and analyzed. The 100 blog posts were written by 48 men, 46 women, and 6 persons whose sex was undisclosed. The average age of the blog authors was 52.4 years. With regard to cancer staging, there were 5 patients at Stage I, 3 patients at Stage II, 14 patients at Stage III, 21 patients at Stage IV, and 57 patients without a disclosed cancer stage. The results of Analysis A showed that the proportion of patients who were dissatisfied with the level of health care exceeded that of satisfied patients (22% vs 8%). From the 2499 sentences in the 100 blog posts analyzed, we identified expressions of dissatisfaction and anxiety in 495 sentences. Our results showed that there were substantially more posts concerning "Way of living, reasons for living, set of values" and "Relationships with medical staff (own hospital)" than in previous studies (Analysis B). This study provides insight into the feelings of dissatisfaction and anxieties held by lung cancer patients and their families, including those regarding the "Way of living, reasons for living, set of values" and "Relationship with medical staff (own hospital)," which were inaccessible in previous survey analyses. When comparing information obtained from patients' voluntary records and those from previous surveys conducted by health care institutions, it is likely that the former would be more indicative of patients' actual opinions and feelings. Therefore, it is important to utilize such records as an information resource.

The Blindness of Charles I

This essay explores the contested reputation of Charles, comparing the judgments of contemporaries and posterity. Whereas apologists considered Charles the best of all monarchs, some historians have declared him unfit to govern. Far from being anachronistic, as hyper-Revisionists have protested, this view echoes extreme expressions of dissatisfaction from the 1620s to the 1640s. David Cressy reviews contemporary understandings of the business of kingship, whereby a monarch could be judged. He concludes that Charles I was largely responsible for his troubles.

Rites of Deliverance and Disenchantment: The Marriage Celebrations for Charles II and Catherine of Braganza, 1661–62

The lavish water pageantry on the Thames staged by the City of London on 23 August 1662 to welcome Charles II and his new Portuguese Queen, Catherine of Braganza, to Whitehall appears to be a triumph of the politics of display. Yet the splendour of the occasion could not mask the growing distance between the King and his subjects. Charles's indifference to staging public celebrations for his marriage in order to elicit popular support, no less than his inability to direct the outcome of pressing political and religious struggles, reveals the limitations of his kingship even at this early stage of his reign. Only two years had passed since his restoration and just a year since his coronation. For both occasions he spared no effort or expense to display himself to his subjects through an elaborate royal entry and, at the coronation, a scripted entertainment in which he played a principal role through the power of his presence. The royal marriage, intended politically to advance what Kevin Sharpe calls 'the process of resettling the kingdom'1 failed to settle much of anything even in the short term. Charles's reluctance to perform the public rituals of monarchy for his marriage deprived him of a signal opportunity to increase bonds of mutual loyalty and affection between him and his people. The haphazard royal celebrations were a diminution of majesty and set the stage for the lack of royal focus in the civic water pageantry. Both the King's minimal interaction with the public and the City companies' emphasis on their own magnificence at the expense of the royal couple are subtle yet tangible signs of growing dissatisfaction with Charles's rule.Charles did not abandon his commitment to royal ceremonial. Far from it - he was, as Anna Keay argues, firmly committed to the Earl of Newcastle's counsel that ritual 'was the substance of power'.2 But after 1662 he withdrew from public rituals of monarchy and focused on those at the court and in other political and cultural space where he could control the representation of royal power. This strategy enabled him to avoid impromptu and unscripted displays to large numbers of his subjects that might have yielded spontaneous expressions of dissatisfaction with his rule. Most scholarship on Charles II has glossed over the royal and civic ceremonial for his marriage or failed to examine it in a larger political and cultural context.The King's miscalculations in his diplomatic dealings with Portugal and his indifference to performing large-scale public ceremonial to celebrate his marriage are in stark contrast to the skillful manoeuvering of the Portuguese who arranged diplomacy and spectacle on the most advantageous terms. Since 1660 they were fighting to maintain their precarious independence from Spain at the same time as they were faced with Dutch efforts to whittle away at their colonial empire. As a result of the alliance with Charles in the summer of 1661, the Portuguese managed to get the aid they needed to ensure their independence without paying him a substantial part of the promised dowry. Through their own predilection for grand occasions and sumptuous display, they succeeded in presenting their diplomatic and military triumph to other European powers in repeated celebrations and entertainments that lasted for a week in the autumn of 1661 and a month in the spring of 1662.This article will examine the political significance of the negotiations and festivities in both countries. They are a study in contrasts evident in three ways: in the motivations of the two monarchies to enter into the alliance; in the content of the royal and civic pageantry held in each country to celebrate the match; and in the responses of each kingdom's subjects to the marriage. Assessing the reasons for the marked differences in the celebratory display will illuminate an important yet hitherto neglected example of the public rituals of monarchy in early modern Europe.1. Portuguese CelebrationsThe importance that Portugal placed on its alliance with England is evident from the festivities it devised in Lisbon to celebrate the successful conclusion of its diplomatic efforts. …

Expressions of dissatisfaction and complaint by people with learning disabilities: A discourse analytic study

This paper uses critical discursive psychology to examine expressions of dissatisfaction and complaint by people with learning disabilities. UK government policies stress that people with learning disabilities should have more control over their lives. Expressing dissatisfaction about services is an important aspect of this process. However, given that such individuals are often treated as incompetent, and given the delicate nature of complaining about services one might rely on for day-to-day support, this can be difficult to do. In building complaints, speakers drew on repertoires about competence and incompetence, the right to free choice as a principle, and tempered dissatisfaction to make contrasts between good and bad supporters and practice. While the complaints show many of the general features of complaints identified in previous work in the general population, they were crafted to the particular institutional context of social care, and attended both explicitly and implicitly to the particular issues of competence, power, and authority found in those services. Speakers positioned themselves as competent, and service workers as more or less competent in their roles. Issues of power in social care services were observed explicitly in the accounts, whereby people described staff as controlling and it being difficult to voice dissatisfaction. They were also implicit in the way speakers drew on the others with institutional authority for corroboration and comparison.

Fathers of children with disabilities: encounters with health professionals in a Chinese context

The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of fathers of developmentally disabled children during interactions with health professionals in Taiwan. The role of Chinese fathers in raising a disabled child has been neglected because most studies on the impact of parenting a child with disabilities in this culture have primarily focused on mothers. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was undertaken to recover and interpret fathers' experiences. Sixteen fathers living with their disabled child (0-18 years old) were purposively recruited from a teaching hospital in central Taiwan. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and journal notes. All participants were interviewed twice. Interviews lasted from 50-100 minutes, and all were recorded. Three shared meanings were attributed to fathers' interactions with health professionals: (1) experiencing no supportive communication, (2) missing the critical time for disability management and (3) being excluded from medical decision making. Fathers in Taiwan commonly rely on health professionals to solve their child's health problems owing to their perceived power to cure and their professional authority in Chinese society. However, fathers felt powerless and hopeless when they received unclear information and incorrect diagnoses, which delayed appropriate treatment. Expressions of dissatisfaction and possessing a sense of futility were common experiences related to exclusion in a paternalistic healthcare system. Taiwanese clinicians' attitudes and parental-professional relationships challenge an exploration of ethics and standards of medical care shaped by Chinese culture. Ways of promoting parental inclusion in decision making and care, in particular father's inclusion, need to be explored. Recognition of the Chinese mother and father and their differing parental healthcare experiences are important to understand to ensure improvement in encounters with health professionals and the maximisation of positive health outcomes.

Deviance as adherence to injunctive group norms: The overlooked role of social identification in deviance

We currently report three studies investigating group members' expressions of dissatisfaction and discontent with the behaviour and attitudes of their in-group members. Our analysis examines the context in which group members will deviate from actual group member behaviour. We argue that highly identifying group members will challenge fellow group member behaviour when that group member behaviour is perceived to violate injunctive group norms. Further, we predicted that high identifiers would still challenge such group member behaviour even if that behaviour were conducted by a majority of group members. Thus, high identifiers were predicted to express descriptively deviant opinions when the behaviour of other members contravenes injunctive group norms. In Studies 1 and 2, group-level self-definition served as a moderator in the relationship between the expression of discontent and perceived injunctive norm violation; in Study 3, group-level self-investment served as this moderator. The findings supported our predictions. This support was particularly strong when a majority of group members violated group norms. Implications for the analysis of the relationship between social identification and deviance are discussed.

Thou Soo and Aih Auan: Communicating Dissatisfaction in a Chinese Malaysian Community

People experience dissatisfaction and need to express this dissatisfaction for a variety of reasons. Understanding the communication associated with these common expressions of complaint can illuminate the role of social interaction in maintaining a cultural community. We seek to increase our knowledge of culture, language, and social interaction by exploring folk concepts associated with expressions of dissatisfaction among Chinese Malaysians. We discovered two common folk concepts associated with this type of communication within this community: thou soo and aih auan. Thou soo is a solution-focused speech act, and aih auan, a lamentation about situations that are irreversible and beyond the speaker's control. Thou soo implies power in the speaker, but also carries with it risk and tension. Aih auan affords the speaker a less influential position, but has the potential of creating empathetic bonds with others and providing future wisdom. We explore in detail these folk concepts and their implications for cultural knowledge and community-connected communication in general.

'We're just sick people, nothing else': ... factors contributing to elderly stroke patients' satisfaction with rehabilitation

Objective: To identify factors contributing to elderly stroke patients' satisfaction with rehabilitation following stroke. Design: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Setting: Interviews conducted in two phases, once in a stroke rehabilitation unit and once after hospital discharge. Subjects: Twelve elderly stroke patients (seven women and five men, aged 60—87 years). Results: One main category: 'To be treated with respect and dignity' was identified as a core factor contributing to patients' satisfaction with the rehabilitation services. This main factor was divided into five subcategories: (1) Being treated with humanity, (2) Being acknowledged as individuals, (3) Having their autonomy respected, (4) Having confidence and trust in professionals, (5) Dialogue and exchange of information. The statements covered a continuum from satisfaction via indifference to dissatisfaction. Expressions of satisfaction emerged mainly as general statements while expressions of dissatisfaction described situations in greater detail. Satisfaction was merely connected to daily care experiences and fulfilment of basic needs. Trust in providers and being dignified seemed more closely associated with satisfaction than being involved in treatment decisions. The findings demonstrate how the quality of patient—professional interaction influences patients' satisfaction with stroke rehabilitation. Conclusion: To be treated with respect and dignity seems to be a core element influencing vulnerable elderly stroke patients' satisfaction with rehabilitation. A merely functional definition of the success of rehabilitation should be expanded into an approach encompassing patients' perceptions and personal preferences. The meaning of dignity for elderly stroke patients in the rehabilitation setting should be further clarified and given practical substance.

Traces of the secondary Geography curriculum

Abstract: Expressions of dissatisfaction about the post‐compulsory Geography curriculum in the early 1970s were unusually concerted, leading to the creation of a National Geography Curriculum Committee. This essay reviews this history and the resulting Syllabus for Schools: Geography Forms 5–7 as a prelude to a discussion of contemporary curriculum development. The essay argues that curriculum development from 1975 and the ‘education reforms’ of the late 1980s failed to produce conditions in which satisfactory outcomes for a Geography curriculum can be assured in 2005, and that a new and concerted period of participation in curriculum discussion is required. Some goals for this process are outlined in the final section of the paper.

Learning to Say "No" in Chinese

This study investigated the characteristics of adult-child disputes in 10 Mandarinspeaking families in Mainland China. Naturalistic interactions between caregivers and their 2-year-old toddlers were analyzed by coding the occurrence of disputes and the disagreement strategies used by caregivers and toddlers in times of dispute. Results showed that children's most frequent disagreement strategies included direct refusals, protests, and silence. In contrast, adults seldom used silence or refusals but instead used direct positive requests, expressions of dissatisfaction, and prohibitions when disagreeing with their toddlers. Overall, the results from the present study support the notion that disputes are ways to reflect existing social structures and ways by which adults in a culture can socialize children into disagreement strategies appropriate to their roles.

Young People’s views of business support: the case of PSYBT

The phenomenon of “youth enterprise” arose in the 1980s in response to a particular combination of socio‐economic and political factors. Since then, increasing numbers of young people have set up their own businesses with the assistance of organisations such as the Prince’s Youth Business Trust, Livewire and the Prince’s Scottish Youth Business Trust (PSYBT). This study draws on the experiences and views of a number of recipients of support from PSYBT, who are currently in business, to assess the value of the support provided, identify possible improvements, and, in general, develop greater insights into how young people can be assisted to develop their businesses. The results of the survey indicated a generally high level of satisfaction with the support provided by PSYBT and with the aftercare counsellor. There were, however, expressions of dissatisfaction from some respondents and a number of potential areas for improvement were identified. These primarily related to the skills, knowledge and attitude (ie “competence”) of the aftercare counsellor which could be addressed through enhanced recruitment, induction, supervision and continuing training and development processes. These results have implications for the way that support is delivered to young people in business and, in particular, the training and development of business counsellors playing an “aftercare” role to support the survival and development of the business over time.

The Effect of Shareholder Proposals on Executive Compensation

We examine the various methods by which shareholders have tried to influence executive compensation. We then attempt to determine whether one of the most popular methods for individual investors, shareholder proposals using Rule 14a-8, has had any impact on the level and composition of CEO's compensation at target companies. We use data for the 1993-1997 proxy seasons on 168 executive compensation proposals submitted to 145 different companies to determine how shareholders have chosen their target companies and whether these companies' boards have responded to investors' proposals by reducing CEO pay levels or shifting the composition of their pay packages. Our analysis yields several interesting results. We find that shareholders generally target their proposals at relatively poorly performing companies exhibiting higher levels of executive compensation than other similar-sized firms in their industry. This is consistent with the claim that shareholder proposals are being used in an attempt to monitor excessive levels of executive compensation. We also find that shareholders are statistically more likely to support executive compensation proposals that attempt to restrict executive compensation than they are proposals that simply ask for more disclosure about executive compensation. Similarly, we find that shareholders are statistically more likely to support executive compensation proposals that raise corporate governance issues rather than those that raise social responsibility issues. Shareholder proposals concerning executive compensation may affect the level and composition of CEO compensation. We find that target companies do not increase average total CEO compensation levels as rapidly in the year after receiving a shareholder proposal as firms not receiving such proposals. In addition, we employ regression analysis to determine whether executive compensation levels at companies receiving shareholder proposals are affected by factors such as the level of voting support for the initiative, the type of sponsor of the proposal, and the nature of the proposal related to the proposal. We find some support for the hypothesis that higher levels of voting support for proposals are associated with smaller increases in CEO compensation at companies receiving proposals when compared to CEO pay levels at similar-sized companies in the same industry. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that boards of directors are responsive to shareholders' expressions of dissatisfaction with their firms' executive compensation pay packages, especially when they are raised as corporate governance issues.