Export Knowledge Research Articles

Mitigating the unwillingness to exchange knowledge: a focus on exporters’ networks

PurposeThis paper aims to explain the unwillingness to exchange export knowledge by members of exporters’ networks and provides potential solutions to this problem.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses data from a survey of 301 members of a French exporter’s network to test a set of hypotheses with partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsNetwork participants’ export experience and age have a negative influence on their willingness to exchange knowledge. However, positive attitudes toward the network (perception of network quality, commitment) can mitigate those negative links.Practical implicationsNetwork members’ unwillingness to exchange knowledge represents a major challenge that threatens the existence of knowledge networks. The findings suggest solutions to this issue for network managers.Originality/valueThis study views knowledge exchange in a network as a risky behavior. It explains why members do not participate in networks. The model shows how contrary forces work and interact to deter or foster knowledge exchange.

Institutional Support Primacy to Export Performance: a Serial Mediation Study of Export Knowledge, Commitment and Strategy

Institutional Support Primacy to Export Performance: a Serial Mediation Study of Export Knowledge, Commitment and Strategy

Non-Traditional Agricultural Export Performance in Ghana. Exporting SMEs’ Characteristics, Export Mode, and Institutions

Increasing focus of African economies, including Ghana, on non-traditional agricultural exporting (NTAE) small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to counter declining earnings from traditional exports fall short to expectation. This study investigates this gap by looking at unstructured data, and the drivers of NTAE SMEs that can enhance performance and support sector policy initiatives. The research question to be answered is: Which SME characteristics, export mode and institutions (services and finance) are positively related to export performance in the NTAE sector in Ghana? This study applied PLS SEM analysis. The drivers of significance are export knowledge, corporate governance, product development, and professional and technical support. Although building social networks and export modes were found to be significant, they negatively affected the export performance. The cost implications limit the research to a cross-sectional study. Perceived export performance was used because the respondents did not provide export statistics. Most research on NTAEs in Ghana has focused on either subsectors or SMEs. This study adds value by focusing on SMEs in the NTAE sector, providing insights to policymakers and the government for intervention and policy formulation. Government policy implications include direct investments in shipping and air freight, tax rebates, concessions, and access to finance for NTAE SMEs. Managerial implications show that knowledge of export processes, export market regulations, and international consumer preferences is essential

Towards indicating interdisciplinarity: Characterizing interdisciplinary knowledge flow

AbstractThis study contributes to the recent discussions on indicating interdisciplinarity, that is, going beyond catch‐all metrics of interdisciplinarity. We propose a contextual framework to improve the granularity and usability of the existing methodology for interdisciplinary knowledge flow (IKF) in which scientific disciplines import and export knowledge from/to other disciplines. To characterize the knowledge exchange between disciplines, we recognize three aspects of IKF under this framework, namely broadness, intensity, and homogeneity. We show how to utilize them to uncover different forms of interdisciplinarity, especially between disciplines with the largest volume of IKF. We apply this framework in two use cases, one at the level of disciplines and one at the level of journals, to show how it can offer a more holistic and detailed viewpoint on the interdisciplinarity of scientific entities than aggregated and context‐unaware indicators. We further compare our proposed framework, an indicating process, with established indicators and discuss how such information tools on interdisciplinarity can assist science policy practices such as performance‐based research funding systems and panel‐based peer review processes.

Export knowledge, export commitment and coffee export performance in Ethiopia

Export performance is the success or failure of a company in exporting locally produced goods or services to other countries. This study aimed to analyze the effect of export knowledge and export commitment on coffee export performance with the mediating role of product adaptation in Ethiopian coffee exporting companies. The study employed a quantitative research method, and data were collected from 273 sampled companies engaged in coffee exporting in the country. In addition, this study used a structured questionnaire to collect data. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and PLS-SEM version 3.2.8 to test the causal relationships between the constructs. The results revealed that factors such as export knowledge, export commitment, and product adaptation significantly influence the export performance of coffee companies in the country. Moreover, product adaptation also mediated the relationship between export knowledge, export commitment, and export performance. The study’s finding implies that sufficient export knowledge, export commitment, and adapting product can increase export performance. As a result, the research makes three main scientific contributions: first, it explains how export knowledge and export commitment are used to improve export performance. Second, it adds knowledge to the existing export performance literature by examining the mediating role of product adaptation. Third, it presents evidence from a less-studied developing country like Ethiopia. Finally, the study provided strategic recommendations based on empirical evidence. Accordingly, to improve coffee export performance, the management and other employees of a company can benefit from having adequate knowledge of export procedures and commitment to their duties and responsibilities. On top of that, coffee export companies must apply product adaptation strategies to meet their customers' needs.

Market entry into new export markets: When are firms more likely to imitate their competitors’ market presence?

We investigate the extent to which competitors’ presence in a given export market has an impact on a firm's decision to enter such a market and, more precisely, under what conditions imitation is more likely to take place. We show that firms with greater export knowledge are more likely to enter those countries where their competitors are already present. Furthermore, experiential knowledge seems necessary to absorb valuable information provided by the presence of competitors in those markets. Thus, imitation should not be regarded as the option best suited for firms with reduced expertize that follow blindly their competitors into new markets. Through a panel analysis of Brazilian exporters during the 2001–11 period, our study contributes to research on market entry decisions, especially stressing the critical role of prior relevant knowledge in facilitating imitation among players.

Investigating the Relationship Between Export Antecedents and Export Performance of Handloom Industry

This study identified the export antecedents that could influence the occurrence of export performance of the industry. The export antecedents are the phenomenon that acts as a backend support system for effective export performance. This study aims to build a simple linear model representing the structural relationship between the export antecedents and export performance. The model building is based on the identified antecedents and attempts to reflect the combined gist of pre-established theories, that is, contingency theory, resource-based view and dynamic capabilities. In data interpretation, second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) helps to analyse the combined impact of all studied antecedents on export performance. The identified antecedents are export knowledge, export perception, export commitment, export strategy and organizational capability as independent variables tested against the dependent variable export performance.

Analisis Daya Saing Produk Ekspor Indonesia Sebagai Strategi Wirausaha Memasuki Pasar Australia

The trade cooperation between Indonesia and Australia opens a new chapter with the ratification of the existing comprehensive economic cooperation agreement. This opportunity must be maximally utilized by Indonesian export entrepreneurs by looking at the potential of Indonesian products in the Australian market. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics needed by export entrepreneurs and to analyze the potential of Indonesian products and their requirements in the Australian market which are used as a reference for export entrepreneurs entering the Australian market. The method used in this research is a mix method with descriptive analysis of export entrepreneurial behavior and with quantitative data processing to see the competitiveness of Indonesian products in the Australian market using the value of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). Export entrepreneurs must have mental characteristics and export knowledge skills. Export knowledge about the competitiveness of Indonesian products is obtained from the results of RCA calculations, namely products that have high potential in the Australian market, including Raw materials, Food Products, Minerals, Fuels, Food, Textiles and Clothing, Textiles, Intermediate goods, Consumer goods and Ores and Metals. Apart from seeing the potential of Indonesian products in the Australian market, Indonesian export entrepreneurs need to also look at export and entry requirements in Australia

Internationalization and Innovation Capabilities Determine Export Performance of Indian Auto Component Manufacturing Industry

Purpose - This study is designed to explore whether international and innovation capabilities of auto components manufacturers has significant relationship with export performance or not. Design/methodology/approach- This study has used structured questionnaire and interview techniques with export managers of exporting firms to achieve its research objectives. It has employed descriptive research methods to assess its research framework. Linear regression analysis was uses to test the hypothesis formulated in the study. Findings- The findings revealed that, gathering export market information, capable of using export market information, role of export mode, relationships & networks, flexible to modify firm resource base, develop new service, technological up-gradation, in-house product designs, improvement in the existing products and re-align manufacturing system have found significant relationship with export performances of auto component manufacturing companies in India. Research limitations/implications - The results point out that researchers need to target more number of samples for the statistical testing to generalize findings.The study is confined to understand the export behavior of auto component manufacturing firms. Practical implications-This work has export policy implications for auto component manufacturing industry in India. Strategies are suggested for export oriented companies for contributing to export knowledge and implementing export marketing strategies in manufacturing industry. Social implications -Exporting of high-end and premium quality auto components enhances the performance of the vehicles leading to increased customer's social status, standard of living and vehicle safety in the foreign markets. Originality/value - Previous research on internationalisation and innovation capabilities and export performance have not been explored in detail. The present study adds the value with reference to export performance of auto component manufacturers with statistical evidences.

The Literature of Chemoinformatics: 1978–2018

This article presents a study of the literature of chemoinformatics, updating and building upon an analogous bibliometric investigation that was published in 2008. Data on outputs in the field, and citations to those outputs, were obtained by means of topic searches of the Web of Science Core Collection. The searches demonstrate that chemoinformatics is by now a well-defined sub-discipline of chemistry, and one that forms an essential part of the chemical educational curriculum. There are three core journals for the subject: The Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, the Journal of Cheminformatics, and Molecular Informatics, and, having established itself, chemoinformatics is now starting to export knowledge to disciplines outside of chemistry.

Learning to Export by Hiring: The Role of Employee Task-Specific Export Knowledge

Exporting is a common strategy used by firms to enter foreign markets. Existing literature has given attention to the importance of export spillovers in explaining firms’ decision to export. However, limited attention has been devoted to the understanding of the learning to export process. By drawing on the literature on export spillovers and strategic human capital we aim to analyze the implications that specific types of hiring patterns have for the export performance of firms. More specifically, we hypothesize that the export performance of firms that hire employees with task-specific export knowledge and skills acquired in exporting firms is higher, and lower if firms hire employees with task-specific export knowledge acquired in non-exporting firms. We use data from an employer-employee database and empirically test our predictions for a sample of approximately 30 000 German establishments. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the micro-foundations of the learning to export process.

The Relationship of Firm, Managerial & Product Characteristics with Standardization of Export Marketing Strategies in Auto Component Manufacturing Industry

Every manufacturing firm formulates one or the other marketing strategies to capture more market share and revenue. Managers of each firm irrespective of the type of business make export policies to keep competitors away in international markets. The success of a firm’s export performance lies in the positive influence of internal and external factors. The objective of the research study is to explore the relationship between a firm’s internal factors such as firm’s, managerial and product characteristics on export marketing strategy standardisation in the auto component manufacturing industry specially those firms locating in southern parts of India. Descriptive research methodology has been applied for analysing the data. The linear regression model has been used in the present study and tested the significant association among the variables related to internal forces and standardisation of export marketing strategies. The finding shows that, export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment, product characteristics have a significant relationship with product standardisation. Export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment, managers export motivation have positive influence on price standardisation similarly, export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment have significant relationship with distribution standardization. Similarly, firm’s internationalisation capabilities manager’s export commitment and managers export knowledge and product characteristics have significant impact on promotion standardisation. This research article is confined to the auto component industry which is engaged in export activities and limited to the statndardisation of marketing strategies in international business.

Effect of Training and Job Satisfaction on Employees Performance and Company Performance in Support to Achieve the Internationalization Model of SME’s Competitive Advantage

Efforts preparation of models and strategies used to improve the competitiveness of creative industries in the conduct of internationalization, especially in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), which has been produced in the study the first year has been done by connecting the variable performance Small and Medium Industries (SMI) with variable internationalization of SMEs and network resources. SEM Statistical test results showed that the performance of SMEs is not affected by the internationalization variable, meaning that international business activities have not been carried out intensively characterized by the limited scope of operation of the international market and the low level of sales profits. SME performance is affected by network resources' ability to utilize network resources is important for SMEs to access international resources, knowledge and market opportunities. Internationalization low level and the need for the utilization of network resources, making this study in the second-year concentrates on the manufacture of the modules to be tested on a group of SMEs surveyed, with an emphasis of matter related to the knowledge of the creative industry in general and specifically in Kendal District. Knowledge of import-export and knowledge of the Indonesian Export Financing Agency and knowledge about running a business based on digital. Modules that have been prepared are then used to test the SMI group of 145 SMEs. Furthermore, the results of training are evaluated and the results are significantly increased knowledge of the materials that have been given. Other than that, also linked variable influence on the performance of workers' training and performance of SMEs. Based on the increase in import- export knowledge possessed by SMEs in Kendal district is expected competitiveness of creative industries in Kendal increases which in turn will be able to face the AEC.

Key Performance Indicators for Enhancing the Export Potential of Indian Carpet Industry

The research aims to study the mediating effect of export commitment between the relationship of export knowledge and export performance. The study considers the determinants of export performance whereas the unit of analysis is the individual carpet exporting firm. Primary data has been collected through a questionnaire with leading exporters in the carpet industry, besides an interview with the officials of export promotion council and trade policy experts. A theoretical model has been developed and tested using primary data obtained from a sample survey of exporting firms drawn from key carpet exporters from Bhadohi (UP) and Panipat (Haryana). A quantitative analysis was performed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and, due to covariate nature of the proposed research model, structural equation modelling (SEM) has been applied to evaluate the research hypotheses. Export knowledge has positive influence on export strategy. The results support that the export performance is dependent on export strategy, export knowledge and export commitment. The results clearly explain the role of export commitment as mediating variable between export knowledge and export performance.

Export knowledge

Purpose This paper aims to study the export knowledge to be the determinant of export strategy, export commitment and export performance in carpet Industry. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative–quantitative approach, the unit of analysis is the individual export venturing firm in India. More in detail, a qualitative analysis was conducted through a focus group interview to explore the challenges of carpet exports. A quantitative analysis was performed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and, because of covariate nature of the proposed research model, structural equation modeling to evaluate the research hypotheses. Findings The results emphasized that Indian carpet exports face major challenges, namely, issues of raw material that is wool, shortage of labor for weaving carpets and a lack of organization which has a negative impact on productivity and quality. Furthermore, this study shows that export knowledge directly influences the export strategy, export commitment and export performance. Originality/value Building on the results, this paper suggests corrective measures, as well as required knowledge, to formulate a strategy and boost the export performance of the carpet sector.

Marcus Institute for Brain Health: Selecting and Sharing Outcomes to Promote Evidence-Based Treatments

The recently funded Marcus Institute for Brain Health (MIBH) at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus is a clinical care institute for those with a history of TBI and psychological health conditions such as post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety. The mission is to deliver comprehensive care, conduct focused research and export knowledge to benefit Veterans, athletes, civilian patients, their families, health care professionals and society. MIBH strives to advance training, educational and research activities in support of the clinical care model. Towards this end, MIBH leadership undertook a process to select programmatic outcome measures, with an eye towards psychometric soundness and previous adoption throughout TBI treatment and research communities. As such, data were collected from a number of programs (e.g., FITBIR, IMPACT, NINDS CDE, TBI Model Systems, TRACK-TBI) regarding outcomes measures utilized/collected. These findings will be presented, as well as measures ultimately selected by MIBH. In addition, plans for MIBH data collection and sharing will be discussed.

Assessing the Effects of Government Incentive Programs on Export Performance

Iran, despite having a high potential for exports, holds a small share in international markets and, despite the upward trend since the third Development Plan, is still far from optimal conditions. Given the importance of developing non-oil exports, government stimulus programs for export and making them effective are considered as one of the main strategies in line with the policy of macro-economic growth. This study aims at evaluating the effect of government development programs on export performance as well as assessing the performance of construction materials exporters with an emphasis on stimulus programs. For this purpose, 38 top exporting companies in the field of construction materials in 2014 were chosen as the study population. The data were gathered by questionnaires and analysed by the structural equations method with SPSS and LISREL software programs. The result indicated that the managers' perceptions of the export market, export knowledge export strategies, and stimulus programs using variables determined about 71 percent of the export performance of these companies. According to the derived coefficients, export strategies variable had the greatest effect. Also, a one-percent increase in the government stimulus programs could increase the export commitment for 0.29%, the export strategies for 0.22%, the export performance for 0.29%, the managers' perceptions of the export market for 0.33%, and the export knowledge for0.51%.

Internacionalização e Inovação: Uma Análise Longitudinal dos Países Sul-Americanos

O objetivo neste trabalho é analisar os indicadores de desenvolvimento econômico e científico dos países da América do Sul. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva quantitativa, baseada em análise longitudinal dos principais indicadores de internacionalização e inovação de países sul-americanos. A coleta de dados teve caráter documental e incluiu variáveis relacionadas à exportação, aos investimentos em conhecimento e infraestrutura tecnológica e ingresso de investimento direto estrangeiro. Os resultados indicam que a internacionalização dos negócios está associada à capacidade inovadora. A manutenção da competitividade industrial é fator crítico e um dos principais desafios à internacionalização, reforçando que a adoção de novas tecnologias e a qualificação da mão de obra fortalecem os investimentos e impactam nas relações comerciais dos países. Concluiu-se que as variáveis exportações, conhecimento e investimento direto impactam na internacionalização dos negócios e estão fortemente associadas à capacidade inovadora das indústrias dos países analisados.

The study of export intermediary performance determinants

Purpose This paper aims to study the direct and indirect influence of three important intangible resources: export knowledge, negotiation skills and specialisation and trustworthiness on export intermediary performance via the competence to reduce clients’ transaction costs. Design/methodology/approach The study has been provided with the official database of export intermediary firms by the Department of Export Promotion, Ministry of Commerce, Thailand. The samples of 400 export intermediary firms were identified from the 1,486 population firms. The postal questionnaires were sent to sample firms. Ordinary least square regression analysis has been adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings The results indicate that valuable resources of export knowledge, negotiation skills and specialisation and trustworthiness significantly and positively affect both export intermediary performance and the competence to reduce clients’ transaction costs. The competence to reduce clients’ transaction costs partially mediates the relationship between resources and export intermediary performance. Research limitations/implications A “cost-based” perspective needs to be supplemented in future research with a more behavioural approach. Practical implications Export intermediaries must be able to deliver “true added value” to remain a viable organisational form, hence, the intermediaries need ceaselessly to acquire, utilise and develop resources and capabilities in reducing clients’ export-related transaction costs. Social implications From a public policy perspective, gaining more knowledge about the role of export intermediaries can greatly facilitate the export promotion efforts in which most nations’ governments are involved. Originality/value This study is a first attempt to study the mediating effect of the competence to reduce transaction costs, which mediates the relationship between resources and performance of export intermediary.

Investigating the Role of Exporting Skills of Apple Exporters in Apple Export Development (Case Study: West Azerbaijan)

The purpose of this research was to study the role of the exporting skills of apple exporters in export development. This study showed significantly positively correlation between communicational skills, knowing business rules and regulations, organizational and management skills, selling and marketing skills, skills in customer orientation and presenting high quality services and export knowledge with the export quantity. Correlation coefficient of demographic characteristics and the dependent variable (export quantity) was significantly positive. Results of multivariate regression analyses of export skills showed that 55% of variation in the dependent variable could be explained by three independent variables: recognizing export knowledge, selling and marketing skills, and knowing business rules and regulations. Also, results of multivariate regression analyses of demographic characteristics demonstrated that 42% of variation in dependent variables could be explained by three independent variables: recognizing of participation in export learning classes, age, and experience in apple exporting.