Subjects In Experimental Group Research Articles

Synergy-based motor therapy for post-stroke hemiparetic subjects: A randomized controlled trial

Objectives: Motor recovery is inclusively based on the severity of abnormal coupling or the abnormal synergistic actions among the post-stroke hemiparetic subjects. The normal synergistic pattern shall be incorporated to inhibit the abnormal synergistic behavior to attain motor control. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled double blinded (assessor and subjects) trial was conducted in a rehabilitation institute. One hundred and thirty-six post-stroke (mean duration, 12.73 ± 9.52 months) hemiparetic subjects were conveniently selected and randomly allocated in two groups (experimental, 68 and control, 68). The experimental group received synergistic-based motor therapy (SBMT) protocol and the control group of the subjects received the conventional occupational therapy intervention. Both of the groups received dose-matched intervention for the period of 3 months, 48 sessions (4/week). Normal synergistic linkage was being exploited to encounter the abnormal synergistic patterns. The main outcome measures were Fugl-Meyer Assessment – upper extremity (FMA-UE), arm (FMA-A), wrist-hand (FMA-WH) for the motor recovery and Finger Breadth Palpation method (FBP) for the shoulder subluxation. Results: In comparison to the control group, the experimental group exhibited highly significant results. The mean score of FMA-UE was changed to 41.32 ± 11.50 from the pre-intervention score of 25.76 ± 15.26 (P < 0.001). Post-intervention, the mean score of FMA-A was increased to 26.89 ± 0.93 from 17.36 ± 1.21 (P < 0.001). The pre-assessment score of FMA-WH was 8.29 ± 0.96 and post-intervention, it was increased to 14.13 ± 0.88 (P < 0.001). The experimental group of subjects was recorded to have a reduction in the shoulder subluxation. The grade of FBP reduced to 0.39 ± 0.11 from the pre-intervention score of 1.23 ± 0.13 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: SBMT was concluded to be superior and highly significant than the conventional intervention for enhancing upper limb motor recovery among post-stroke hemiparetic subjects. Further, the grade of shoulder subluxation was also found to be significantly reduced among the SBMT group participants in comparison to the control subjects.

Feasibility of Fish Oil Supplementation on Headache Symptoms and Blood Lipids in Migraine Patients.

Migraine is a chronic, recurring, and disabling disease. Fish oil intervention was used to investigate its effects on headache symptoms and blood lipids of migraine patients. All subjects were collected at the Kuang Tian General Hospital from March 2020 to May 2021. Experimental group subjects took 1g/time of fish oil (including EPA 900mg/tablet) after breakfast and dinner. Placebo group subjects took 100% soybean oil twice daily. Before and after the test, the migraine improvement questionnaire was used to analyze headaches during attacks, dietary intake, and headache triggers. The average age of the 47 subjects in this study was 40.3 ± 9.2 years old, the body mass index (BMI) was 24.3 ± 6.0kg/m2. At Week 12, subjects in the fish oil group were significantly improved relative to the control group (p < 0.05). Blood lipid indexes TC, LDL-C, and TG were reduced, and the frequency, duration, and pain degree of migraine. Fish oil may be used as an adjunctive therapeutic food for relieving migraine attack symptoms and blood lipids.

Analysis of Risk Factors and Establishment of a Risk Prediction Model for Severe Postpartum Haemorrhage.

Aims/Background Severe postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a dangerous condition, characterized by rapid progression and poor prognosis. It remains the leading preventable cause of maternal death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for severe PPH and establish a prediction model to identify severe PPH early, allowing for early intervention reduce maternal death. Methods Clinical data were collected from 784 patients diagnosed with PPH and delivered at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between December 2018 and December 2023. These cases were categorized into the training cohort. Severe PPH was diagnosed in 234 patients based on the criterion of the volume of vaginal bleeding volume exceeding 1000 mL within 24 hours after delivery; these patients were assigned to the experimental group. The remaining 550 patients with nonsevere PPH were assigned to the control group. Data from an additional 338 postpartum women from the same period were selected and classified into the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to pinpoint the determinants associated with severe PPH. Additionally, these analyses were instrumental for developing and assessing a prediction model to forecast the risk of such complications. Results Most of the PPH cases in this study stemmed from uterine atony, the leading aetiology. The second most common factor was soft birth canal lacerations and haematoma formation, accounting for 7.26% of the subjects in experimental group and 6.55% of those in the control group. Uterine rupture, uterine inversion, and amniotic fluid embolism were exclusively observed in the experimental group. In the univariate analysis, notable disparities were identified across various parameters, including maternal age, gravidity, parity, abortion frequency, gestational week at delivery, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), in vitro fertilisation, foetal position, caesarean delivery, pregnancy with anaemia, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (p < 0.05). A multivariate logistic regression model revealed that a parity of two or more, two or more abortions, in vitro fertilisation, gestational weeks at delivery, foetal position, caesarean delivery, pregnancy with anaemia, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were independent predictors of severe PPH (p < 0.05). The predictive model demonstrated excellent calibration for the training and validation datasets, with the areas under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves measuring 0.799 and 0.759, respectively. Clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed a significant threshold exceeding 0.9, signifying a substantial net benefit and model precision. Conclusion Parity ≥2 times, abortion ≥2 times, in vitro fertilisation, gestational week at delivery, abnormal foetal position, caesarean delivery, pregnancy with anaemia, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are independent risk factors for severe PPH. The predictive model established in this study accurately predicts the occurrence of severe PPH and has significant value for clinical application.

Development and application of a simulation scenario for transient tachypnea of the newborn nursing care

This study was conducted to develop and implement Transient tachypnea scenario of the for nursing student, and examine its effects on nursing performance, communication skill and learning confidence. Using the nonequivalent comparison group post-test non-synchronized design method, the research subjects were composed of total 54 people including 28 subjects for experimental group and 26 subjects for comparison group. Using the IBM SPSS v. 25.0 for data analysis, the differences in the baseline characteristics of both groups were tested through the t-test, X2-test, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: The results of this study are as follows. As a result of conducting a homogeneity test on the experimental group and comparison group, there was no difference between the two groups. The experimental group who participated in practice education using the Transient tachypnea scenario simulator was statistically significant in nursing performance (F=4.092, p&lt;.001), communication skills (F=2.879, p=.002), and learning confidence (F=.289, p=.001). These findings indicated that simulation based Transient tachypnea scenario education program is effective educational strategy for nursing students to nursing performance and communication skills, learning satisfaction.

Effectiveness of Neural Mobilization Technique in Subjects with Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Radicular low back pain is a disorder involving the dysfunction of the lumbosacral nerve roots. Clinical rehabilitation approaches for Radicular LBA include kinesiotherapy, and physical therapy procedures: rest, heat, ultrasound, TENS, but evidences regarding their effectiveness are lacking. Previous studies found that neural mobilization is more effective in reducing pain. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of Neural Mobilization on pain in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy. METHODS: 30 subjects were selected by simple random sampling and assigned into Experimental group (n=15) &amp; Control group (n=15). The subjects in Experimental group were given Neural Mobilization in addition to traditional therapy and control group were given traditional therapy alone. All the participants were assessed with NPRS. RESULTS: After the analysis, the results were found to be effective in improvement of pain in both groups NPRS score (p&lt;0.0001). But there is a high significance in Experimental group when compared to control group. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that Neural Mobilization along with traditional therapy is more effective in reducing pain in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy. Keywords: Neural Mobilization, Low back ache, Numerical pain rating scale.

DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL PHYSICAL QUALITIES CADETS - FUTURE OFFICERS COMBAT MANAGEMENT

An analysis of literary sources and existing practical experience indicates that one of the effective means of developing and improving the special physical qualities of cadets - future combat command officers - is the targeted use of the wide possibilities of swimming. Meanwhile, although the physical training programs for cadets, future combat command officers, contain a large number of different swimming exercises, their use is carried out mainly for the purpose of improving general physical fitness. In special physical training, the capabilities of swimming equipment are not actively used. In this regard, the development and experimental testing of the effectiveness of the pedagogical impact of swimming lessons on the formation of professional physical qualities of cadets, within the framework of the organization of extracurricular activities in special physical training, is a current scientific direction. The purpose of the study was to develop and experimentally substantiate a swimming physical training program for cadets, future combat command officers, aimed at developing basic and special physical qualities, implemented as part of extracurricular activities. Results and its discussion. An experimental program of extracurricular activities in special physical training «Swimming» has been developed, the focus of which is to develop among cadets, future combat command officers, professional competencies related to the ability to maintain the proper level of physical fitness, based on the development of basic and special physical qualities by means of swimming, to ensure full-fledged social and future professional activities. The organizational and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the experimental program have been determined. Conclusions. The presented experimental program “Swimming” and the identified organizational and pedagogical conditions for its implementation confirmed their effectiveness in the process of the pedagogical experiment, which is proven by the statistically significant differences obtained between the results of the control and experimental groups of cadets of a military aviation university - future combat control officers, in all studied indicators of physical and swimming readiness, as well as higher dynamics of indicators of physical and swimming readiness in the experimental group of subjects.

A phase III, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial of tunlametinib versus investigator-selected chemotherapy in patients with advanced NRAS-mutant melanoma who had previously received immunotherapy.

TPS9606 Background: NRAS-mutant melanoma is an aggressive subtype with worse prognosis. However, no targeted therapy has been approved to date worldwide. Tunlametinib (HL-085) has showed an encouraging efficacy (confirmed ORR:34.8%, mPFS:4.2 months) with a manageable safety profile in phase II pivotal registrational study, which was published in ASCO 2023 annal meeting (NO.:9510). Here, we present the design of phase III randomized controlled study. Methods: This is a multicenter, two-arm, open-label, randomized controlled phase III confirmatory clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tunlametinib in comparison with the combination chemotherapy of investigator's choice in advanced NRAS-mutant melanoma patients who had previously received immunotherapy. A total of 165 subjects from about 12 sites in China will be included and randomly assigned to the corresponding treatment group in 2:1 ratio. Two stratification factors before randomization: LDH level and whether have received chemotherapy. The key inclusion criteria included: a) Patients with unresectable stage III or metastatic IV melanoma confirmed by histology or cytology; b) History of immunotherapy failure or could not tolerate immunotherapy; c) Be able to provide NRAS mutation positive test report at baseline and provide sufficient histological specimens for NRAS mutation confirmation by central laboratory. Experimental group subjects will receive continuous administration of tunlametinib 12mg BID, 28 days per cycle. Control group subjects will receive one of the following regimens which according to investigator's choice (paclitaxel plus carboplatin, or temozolomide plus cisplatin, or dacarbazine plus cisplatin) , 28 days per cycle. The two groups will receive continuous therapy until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival which assessed by independent radiology review committee. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, safety, pharmacokinetics and exposure-response. Exploratory endpoints are to evaluate quality of life between two groups and to development a companion diagnostic kit for NRAS gene mutations detection. This study is currently open for enrollment. Clinical trial information: NCT06008106 .

Attitudes of college seniors toward graduate student loan debt: the role of financial education

PurposeThis paper aims to examine prospective graduate students' attitudes toward educational loan borrowing in an experimental setting.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and one control group. Subjects in experimental group 1 received financial education: a short online course on the economic viability of getting a master's degree and how to finance it with a graduate student loan, while subjects in experimental group 2 received financial education along with information on the availability bias.FindingsRelying on a control group in the assessment of financial literacy education intervention impacts, this research finds positive causal treatment effects on individuals’ attitudes toward debt-financed graduate education. In comparison to the control group, experimental subjects perceived the possibility of going into debt with a graduate loan to complete a master’s degree as less stressful and worrying.Practical implicationsThis study has important educational policy implications to prevent students from stopping investing in human capital by perceiving educational loan debt as something stressful or worrying. The results can help potential (and current) grad students develop a feasible financial plan for graduate school by encouraging higher education institutions to implement educational loan information and financial education into university seminar courses for better graduate student loan decision-making.Originality/valueStudent attitudes toward debt have been analyzed in the context of higher education, but only a few researchers internationally have used an experimental design to study personal financial decision-making.

Effects of Specific Training Using a Rowing Ergometer on Sport Performance in Adolescents

The main purpose of this study was to study the effects of a specific rowing ergometer training program on the athletic performance of young adolescents (N = 56; 11.73 ± 1.4 years old) compared to a workout based on general strength training. An eight-week training program was implemented, with four sessions per week and two hours per session. The sample was divided into two groups: a control group (CG) that performed circuit training with exercises aimed at building general strength and an experimental group (EG) who focused on specifically training on a rowing ergometer (rowing machine). The data obtained in a rowing meter test over the competition distance were analyzed to obtain the average power attained (W) at the beginning of the training, at the middle (4 weeks), at the end of the training (8 weeks) and one year after the experimentation. The results show that although both forms of training improve the average W obtained in both categories, the EG subjects (+29.94 W) obtained better averages in all phases of the study compared to the CG (+5.88 W). Furthermore, this increase was greater in male rowers (+34.06 W) than in female rowers (+24.54 W). These results reveal that a specific rower rowing ergometer training program has a more significant effect than a general strength program and these effects can even be observed a year after the intervention.

Evaluation of a Course to Teach Medical Students Latent Hazard Identification in the Operating Room.

To improve situational awareness in the operating room (OR), avirtual online operating room of hazards (ROH) with deliberately placed risks was created. We hypothesized that subjects first participating in the virtual online ROH would identify more hazards during an in-person ROH exercise in a physical OR than those in the control group who only received didactic training. We conducted a randomized controlled trial at a major academic medical center, enrolling 48 pre-clinical medical students with no previous OR exposure during their classes. Control and experimental group subjects participated in a brief, online didactic orientation session conducted live over Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc., San Jose, CA) to learn about latent hazards in the OR. Experimental group subjects further interacted with a virtual onlineoperating ROH in which latent hazards were present. The fraction of deliberately created latent hazards placed in a physical, in-person OR identified by subjects was calculated. Experimental group subjects identified a significantly larger fraction of the created hazards (41.3%) than the control group (difference = 16.4%, 95% CI: 11.3% to 21.4%, P < 0.0001). There was no difference in the number of non-hazards misidentified as hazards between the groups. Participation in the virtual online environment resulted in greater recognition of latent operating room hazards during a simulation conducted in a physical, in-person OR than in a didactic experience alone. Because creating an in-room experience to teach the identification of latent hazards in an OR is resource-intensive and requires removing the OR from clinical use, we recommend the virtual online approach described for training purposes. Adding items most misidentified as hazards is suggested for future implementation.

REALITY THERAPY THROUGH GROUP COUNSELING TO IMPROVE SELF-REGULATED LEARNING OF THESIS DRAFTING STUDENTS

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Researchers intend to conduct research to provide intervention in the form of providing reality therapy in group counseling activities to improve self-regulated learning in thesis preparation students. The expected benefits of this study consist of two, namely theoretically in this study can contribute to the science of educational psychology, regarding the concepts of reality therapy and self-regulated learning. This study used an experimental design with untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest. In addition, researchers also added follow-up to test the effect of reality therapy on self-regulated learning after 2 weeks of therapy. Based on data analysis and discussion conducted in this study, it can be concluded that reality therapy through group counseling can improve self-regulated learning in thesis drafting students, especially students who are research subjects in experimental groups.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

An innovative approach in physical education: Exploring the impact of interactive virtual reality on motor skills

Background Problems: Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology have expanded its practical application in enhancing physical activity and motor skill acquisition among children. Research Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of interactive virtual reality software on the motor skills of 11- to 12-year-old elementary school children. Methods: Employing a quantitative approach with quasi-experimental methods, the research was conducted on 34 students from Lontar 481 Public Elementary School in Surabaya, selected through purposive sampling. The instruments used in the physical education learning process using virtual reality media include pre-test and post-test stages, which combine understanding of motor skills, practice, and evaluation by the teacher based on the correctness, fluency, and completeness of student actions. The procedure involved the treatment of experimental group subjects using virtual reality for 40 minutes in the control group, which was carried out conventionally. It was analysed using SPSS via a t-test, and the significance level was set at P &lt; 0.05. Findings/Results: These findings showed a significant positive impact of virtual reality technology on students' motor development and confidence in performing movements, compared to the control group who underwent traditional learning. Conclusion: Research shows that utilising virtual reality programmes increases students' confidence in learning physical activities, especially for those at lower performance levels. The novelty of this research lies in its demonstration of virtual reality's capacity to improve children's motor competence in the context of physical education. Overall, the findings of this study contribute to physical activity and motor skills regarding the use of virtual reality media for elementary school children.

A Study on Effective Strategies of Multimedia Technology to Promote Multicultural Cognition of Preschool Children in Ethnic Areas

Abstract The globalisation trend of multicultural education has become a challenge that all countries in the world, especially multi-ethnic countries, must face directly. In order to improve the level of multicultural cognition in ethnic areas, this paper takes pre-school children as the research object, designs a multicultural education strategy based on multimedia technology, and uses the sample t-test in mathematical statistics to verify the promotion effect of the strategy on pre-school children’s multicultural cognition. The experimental group adopts the strategy described in this paper, while the control group uses conventional teaching methods. The two groups of experimental subjects are identical. Before and after the experiment, the experimental group had highly significant differences (p&lt;0.01) in five dimensions: cultural diversity awareness, basic cultural knowledge, intercultural communication skills, cultural respect and tolerance, and cultural curiosity and desire to explore. The control group, on the other hand, only had significant differences in three dimensions: awareness of cultural diversity, cultural respect and tolerance, and cultural curiosity and desire to explore (P values of 0.032, 0.0.47, and 0.037, respectively). There are significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in all dimensions of multicultural cognition after the experiment (P&lt;0.05). The multicultural cognition promotion strategy for preschool children in ethnic areas based on multimedia technology designed in this paper is superior to conventional teaching methods and has important reference value for multicultural cognition education in ethnic areas.

A Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Motor Imaginary Technique on Improving Upper Limb Function in Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke

Study objective: The effectiveness of motor imaginary technique in middle cerebral artery stroke. Participants: 30 subjects age of 40-55 years with middle cerebral artery stroke patients were selected under purposive sampling technique and assigned in 2 groups with 15 subjects each one group received conventional physiotherapy and other group received conventional physiotherapy with motor imaginary technique for a period of 4weeks. Outcomes: Fugl-meyer scale is to measure functional outcome before and after treatment. Procedure: The subjects of both control group and experimental group were involved for pre test assessment by fugl- meyer assessment scale (hand component). The subjects of control group were given conventional physiotherapy and experimental group were given conventional physiotherapy and motor imaginary technique. The treatment was given for 1 hour for a period of 4 weeks as 5 days per week, one session per day. Aim: To find out the effectiveness of motor imaginary technique on Improving upper limb function in middle cerebral artery stroke. Results: Patients in experimental group shows significantly better performance than control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that motor imaginary technique is a promising intervention for improving functional activity of affected upper limb in middle cerebral artery patients.

Effectiveness of Psychosocial Intervention on Selected Psychological Problems of Post Menopausal Women

Background: Women are the vital set up and heart of the family. The menopausal problems of women always make them so tired. So they need menopausal care and prevention of problems. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention on selected psychological problems of post-menopausal women at B. V. V. Sangha's Akkanabalaga, Bagalkot. Methodology: This was a randomized controlled trail with pre-test post-test control group design. A Simple Random sample of 60 post-menopausal women was selected from B. V. V. Sangha’s Akkanabalaga, Bagalkot. Socio demographic information of post-menopausal women was gathered using structured socio demographic profile and depression and anxiety were assessed using Center for Epidemiological Research Studies- Depression Scale and the General Anxiety Disorder- 7 Scale respectively. Data were analyzed in terms of objectives of the study. Findings: Result indicates that majority of the post-menopausal women of both experimental group (73.33%) and control group (70%) were mild depressive and the majority of post-menopausal women of both experimental group (63.33%) and control group (73.33%) had moderate anxiety. A statistically significant difference was found between post-test depression scores of experimental group and control group subjects [t=6.01, p&lt;0.05]. Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference found between post-test anxiety scores of experimental group and control group subjects [t= 6.72, p&lt;0.05]. No significant association was found between pretest depression and anxiety scores with selected socio demographic variables of post-menopausal women of both experimental group and control group. Conclusion: The finding of the study concluded that the post-menopausal women had psychosocial problems. The implementation of Psychosocial Intervention Programme to the experimental group has decreased their anxiety and depression effectively as compared to control group. Keywords: Post menopausal women, selected psychological problems, Effectiveness, Psychosocial Intervention and Socio-demographic variables.

Dialogue embedded synectics model of teaching: a hybrid model for promotion of creativity

PurposeThe study aims to investigate the effect of the dialogue embedded synectics model of teaching on the creative thinking of students.Design/methodology/approachThe research design of the study was a nonequivalent control group design of quasi experimental research. This study collected data from 80 students in the seventh grade from two different government schools in Bathinda, Punjab, India, which were selected using a random method. The subjects of experimental group were taught by the investigator using the dialogue embedded synectics model of teaching and the subjects of control group were taught by their teacher using the traditional teaching method, i.e. the Herbartian method. The data collections were done using the creative thinking test developed by Baqer Mehdi (1995). The data analysis techniques used t-test.FindingsKey finding indicates that the dialogue embedded synectics model of teaching is effective in enhancing the creative thinking of students as compared to the traditional method.Originality/valueThe present work is unique in terms of development of an innovative pedagogy, i.e. the dialogue embedded synectics model of teaching, which has the potential to encourage students' creative thinking, a key concern for society in the 21st century. Therefore, it is suggested to conduct similar type of studies on this innovative pedagogy and this model of teaching may be used by teachers for enhancing creative thinking of seventh class students.

#19 : Green Tea Extract Inhibits Endometriosis Progression by Increasing Superoxide Dismutase Serum Levels in the Rat Models

Background and Aims: Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and affecting 10-15% of females of reproductive age. Oxidative stress has been reported as one of the main promoting factors of this disease. Green tea and its anti-angiogenic and antioxidant properties have promising potential to prevent the progression of endometriosis. This study aims to investigate the effect of green tea extract on endometriotic implant area and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in endometriosis rat models. Method: Twenty-six Balb/c female rats were randomized into two groups of equal size: experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). All subjects in EG were given green tea extract 3 mg daily for 14 days. Endometriosis was induced on the fourteenth day in all subjects in both groups. The data of the endometriotic implant area and serum SOD were obtained and analyzed fourteen days after the induction of endometriosis. Results: The endometriotic implant area of the group treated with green tea extract was significantly lower (p=0,022) RR=0,455, 95%CI=0.065-0,96) compared to the control group. The serum level of SOD in EG and CG were 5.33±0.52 ng/ml and 5.20±0.91 ng/ml, respectively (p=0.507). Conclusion: Green tea extract inhibits endometriotic implant progression and increases the level of serum SOD in endometriosis-induced rat models.

Effects of pumpkin on benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta- analysis

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition affecting aging men worldwide. Pumpkin and its extracts are enriched with antioxidant, anti-androgenic and anti-inflammatory properties.Objectives: To systematically review the effect of pumpkin on the reduction of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to bladder outflow obstruction in BPHMethods: The review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42020181395) perused PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and AGRICOLA databases in two rounds independently by two reviewers according to three screening questions: being a pumpkin related human study, having BPH related outcomes and including quantifiable measurements. Risk of bias assessments were done with GRADE and ROBINS-I Criteria. After assessing the clinical, methodological and statistical heterogeneity, meta-analysis was performed for one outcome with mean difference (MD) using Inverse Variance Method with Review Manager 5.4 software.Results: Out of the 242 articles with de-duplication and screening questions, 10 based on interventional studies among adult males with LUTS were selected in ??third round (8 on pumpkin seeds alone; 2 on pumpkin combined products). International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) was described in nine articles. Other outcomes assessed were quality of life (QOL), prostate volume, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), uroflow rate, post-voidal residual volume, frequency of micturition during day and night, nocturia and erectile dysfunction. Meta-analysis of three studies (650 and 631 subjects in experimental and control groups) was performed for IPSS reduction. Pooled MD (I2=0%) was -1.41 (95% CI: -1.97, -0.85) with random effect assumption. In all relevant studies, the intervention group demonstrated significant IPSS reduction and increased QOL. One study each demonstrated significant reduction in prostate volume and residual volume; three studies in uroflow rate; and none on PSA improvement.Conclusions &amp; Recommendations: Pumpkin seeds may be beneficial in reducing IPSS and to some extent in improving prostate and residual volume, uroflow rate and QOL in BPH. Further studies are needed to strengthen the hypothesis.

Psychological guidance of Marxist spirit based on dialectical thinking for students with bipolar depression

BackgroundBipolar depression refers to bipolar disorder that occurs when depression and mania coexist. The onset of this disease is easily influenced by the patient’s negative attitude. Marxism under dialectical thinking has a good psychological guiding effect.Subjects and MethodsIn order to verify the psychological guidance effect of the Marxist spirit under dialectical thinking on students with bipolar depression, the study will select 80 students with bipolar depression for comparative experiments. The students are randomly divided into two groups, one group being a blank group, which only received traditional treatment. The other group is the experimental group, which adopts a combination of traditional treatment and Marxist spiritual education of dialectical thinking. The experimental period is 30 days. Before and after the experiment, patients filled out the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The psychological status of the two groups of experimental subjects was analyzed based on the results of the table.ResultsBefore the start of the experiment, the HAMA scores of the blank group and the experimental group were 16.52 ± 2.12 and 16.61 ± 1.89, respectively, and the HAMD scores were 17.46 ± 2.36 and 16.92 ± 3.21, respectively. After the experiment, the HAMA scores of the blank group and the experimental group were 14.56 ± 2.68 and 11.56 ± 3.15, respectively, and the HAMD scores were 14.76 ± 1.79 and 11.38 ± 2.73.ConclusionsUnder dialectical thinking, the Marxist spirit can improve the psychological state of students with bipolar depression.AcknowledgementThe 2021 project of the 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province (No. 2021GZSZ16); The 2022 Party Building Research Project of Guangzhou Institute of Navigation (No. C2206001028).

Психофизиологические особенности взаимодействия с пугающим образом в виртуальной реальности

INTRODUCTION: Virtual reality (VR) technology, which is often used to generate situations of psychotherapeutic exposure, is presented to practitioners as a convenient visualization tool. However there is a risk of a distorted interpretation of the virtual experience by the client, in that case the stabilization of adaptive behavior and reduction of anxiety in contact with the object of the specified fear in the real world will not occur. AIM: To study the psychophysiological correlates of the emotional state arising in the situation of visual observation of a frightening virtual image. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of the study, a psychophysiological experiment was organized with the participation of 60 volunteers (10 boys, 50 girls, average age is 21) who made up experimental (persons with a history of identified fears) and control (conditionally healthy persons) samples. The experiment used controlled immersion of subjects in VR with a frightening virtual image with preliminary, accompanying and delayed removal of psychophysiological indicators of electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram, as well as using methods of psychodiagnostics. RESULTS: The study established the existence of a specific psychophysiological reaction in the experimental group of subjects in contact with a frightening virtual image represented as statistically marked fluctuations in heart rate and respiratory rate, as well as delta and alpha rhythms. In the subjects of the control group, this reaction is less marked and does not have a clearly defined specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The experience of interacting with a frightening virtual image when immersed in VR, according to the results obtained, is sufficiently consistent with the experience of interacting with a similar object in reality. The conclusion is made about the validity of the use of VR for the formation of correctional programs for working with anxiety-phobic symptoms.