Procurement Experience Research Articles

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЕЛЬ В УКРАЇНІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The article examines the features of public procurement in Ukraine and their compliance with EU standards, the factors that affect their effectiveness. The problems of tender purchases that exist in Ukraine during the process are considered. The changes that took place in the implementation of procurement after the introduction in 2020 of a new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" are assessed. A detailed description of Poland's experience in public procurement is provided. The number and types of contracts concluded during procurement are analyzed. The main existing shortcomings in the field of public procurement, ways to solve and improve them are considered. The key EU rules on public procurement to be used in Ukraine have been identified. It was established that it is important to bring the mechanism of public procurement in Ukraine closer to the EU requirements, which will allow our country to raise the issue of joining this organization in the future. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features and problems of public procurement in Ukraine and find ways to overcome them. The main task of reforming the sphere of public finances in our country is to introduce an effective mechanism for the use of public procurement in accordance with the principles and approaches applied by EU countries, which should ensure financial efficiency and transparency of the procurement procedure. Public procurement is one of the tools to regulate supply and demand for specific publications. To increase the transparency and efficiency of use in our country, it is necessary to study the experience of EU member states, especially Poland. Analysis of the experience of public procurement in the EU will be able to identify effective approaches to their implementation in Ukraine, thanks to the main tasks of public procurement reform in our country will introduce an effective system in accordance with the principles and approaches used by EU countries. It is necessary to investigate the change that has taken place in public procurement after the introduction in 2020 of a new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement", there are both positive and negative aspects that are due to the existence of corruption schemes in tenders.

Small states, high stakes - a policy proposal to deliver welfare via public purchasing

The article shows how and to what extent Caribbean British Overseas Territories (BOTs) can adopt social award criteria in public procurement. In the past decade, BOTs have experienced economic distress, political misdemeanours and rising perceptions of corruption. Lacking public procurement experience, how can these small, remote and socially unequal territories make the most of UK-led reforms? The article proposes inserting social award criteria in Caribbean BOTs' public procurement frameworks using a three-phase roadmap based on inspecting its potential, checking the legal framework and implementing the policy via legislative amendments and guidance. Experiences in the EU, the UK and the Latin America and Caribbean region show successful results, primarily in small communities at the local level. The methodology used is desk-based research leading to a worldwide survey of successful practices and a legal and policy analysis of its application to Caribbean BOTs.

Using metaphor method to interpret and understand meanings of international operating room nurses' experiences in organ procurement surgery

To demonstrate how metaphor method can be employed in health care research, through a rainbow metaphor to conceptualise lived experiences, and represent a sense of verisimilitude, in a phenomenological study of international nurses' experiences of organ procurement procedures. International operating room nurses are likely to form unique attitudes towards multi-organ procurement. Phenomenology is used to focus on discovering human experiences and the meanings of certain phenomena. Phenomenological writing can mediate people's reflections and actions, measure people's thoughtfulness and help people to see and show lived experiences from their lifeworlds. Metaphor was used to interpret meanings of international operating room nurses' experiences in organ procurement surgery. The meanings were identified through a phenomenological approach informed by the work of van Manen. A metaphor method was used to interpret and understand the lived experiences of eighteen international OR nurses recruited from nine different countries. Thematic data analysis was used to portray their lived experiences in organ procurement procedure. Using a rainbow as metaphor, a vivid picture was portrayed reflecting international OR nurses' experiences and organ procurement journey in Australia as challenging, with mixed feelings. According to the relationship between certain colours and emotions, four essential themes evolved into the concept of a four-colour rainbow to signify the meanings of international OR nurses' experiences in organ procurement procedures. The essential themes represented by these four colours were as follows: Orange-"The surreality of experiencing death," Red-"Personal and professional challenges," Green-"Becoming stronger" and Purple-"My beliefs, my wishes." Interpreting the meanings of their organ procurement experiences using metaphor method provided valuable insights about what personal and professional challenges these nurses faced, how they coped and managed their challenges, what support and care they required from others, and suggestions for future practice. Operating room nurses in practice needed a range of workplace supports and the rainbow metaphor provides a suitable approach for reflection and understanding of their experiences in organ procurement, with a focus on international, newly graduated and less experienced nurses. Practice improvement is a likely outcome when nurses have a better understanding of their experiences and the experiences of others in their team and this will assist in identifying their knowledge and professional support needs. The method demonstrates how metaphor can be applied to understand clinical nursing situations.

An innovation procurement clinical framework: A qualitative study.

Innovation Procurement Strategies (IPS) strive for purchasing healthcare solutions that do not yet exist on the market and are increasingly being advocated to improve health outcomes while managing escalating healthcare costs. Due to the newness of IPS, there are limited resources available to healthcare organizations and professionals looking to engage in IPS. The purpose of this study was to develop an evidence-based clinical framework to guide healthcare organizations and professionals. Adopting a qualitative grounded theory approach, we interviewed participants with experience in innovation procurement to understand the skills, resources, and supports needed to initiate and oversee an IPS project. Using thematic design and open coding, three overarching themes emerged from the data and formed the basis of our IPS clinical framework. By describing the components, skills, and supports and resources necessary for engaging in IPS, our framework addresses the knowledge gap in healthcare organizations and professionals wishing to implement IPS.

International Operating Room Nurses' Challenges in Providing Person-Centered Care During Organ Procurement Surgery

PurposeInternational operating room (OR) nurses assisting in organ procurement surgery believe that it is their responsibility to provide continued and comprehensive person-centered care to donors through their surgical journeys. This study explored the challenges these nurses encountered in providing person-centered care during surgical care stages of organ procurement surgery in Australia. DesignThe phenomenological approach by van Manen was used to portray 18 OR nurses' organ procurement experiences. MethodsSemistructured interview data were transcribed verbatim. FindingsInternational OR nurses encountered challenges in providing person-centered care during organ procurement surgery, which were described in different surgical care stages. They faced emotional challenges in handling family grief and clinical challenges in interacting with other health professionals. These challenges could cause personal distress and affect their professional practice. ConclusionsRecognizing and managing these challenges is essential for supporting staff and providing quality person-centered care to deceased donors and their families during the organ procurement process.

The perception of policy instruments for the development of innovation in R&D-intensive organisations

This paper identifies the effects of supply and demand-side policy instruments on innovative organisations in Mexico. We apply a Likert-scale self-assessment vehicle to a purposive sample of 27 innovative organisations for the collection of perceptions about conditions related to the usefulness of these instruments. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) has been used to identify combinations of conditions to explain the role played by such policies. Results show a number of relevant configurations of antecedent perceptions on policy instruments leading to higher innovation expenditures, namely: 1) the presence of export support capabilities concurrent with non-repayable grants; 2) the presence of non-repayable grants and the absence of previous experience in public procurement of innovation (PPI); 3) the presence of export support capabilities and PPI, but not previous PPI experience. These configurations indicate that innovation support ought to consider instruments combinations, with implications for competitiveness development and innovation policy.

SMALL STATES, HIGH STAKES: A POLICY PROPOSAL TO DELIVER WELFARE VIA PUBLIC PURCHASING

The article shows how and to what extent Caribbean British Overseas Territories (BOTs) can adopt social award criteria in public procurement. In the past decade, BOTs have experienced economic distress, political misdemeanours and rising perceptions of corruption. Lacking public procurement experience, how can these small, remote and socially unequal territories make the most of UK-led reforms? The article proposes inserting social award criteria in Caribbean BOTs' public procurement frameworks using a three-phase roadmap based on inspecting its potential, checking the legal framework and implementing the policy via legislative amendments and guidance. Experiences in the EU, the UK and the Latin America and Caribbean region show successful results, primarily in small communities at the local level. The methodology used is desk-based research leading to a worldwide survey of successful practices and a legal and policy analysis of its application to Caribbean BOTs.

LOGISTICS OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF USA, GERMANY AND POLAND)

Issues of regulating public procurement throughout the world are the subject of close attention fromthe legislators. Because in this case the buyer in the face of the state is interested in the maximum efficiency of theprocess. One of the important directions in lawmaking around the world has become the struggle for fair competition,which, according to economic theory, should lead to lower prices. The main problem in the modern practice of publicprocurement is the “human factor”, which generates corruption and bad faith. This isn`t about episodic bribing ofofficials, but about the merging of government and business, as a result of which, along with competitive methods ofselecting suppliers, lobbying has become important. However, it is believed abroad that a well-developed regulatoryframework and competent procurement administration may well reduce potential efficiency losses to a minimum(Government purchases abroad, 2017).The purpose of the study is to consider the theory and practice of public procurement management in developedcountries, such as the United States, Germany and Poland, which have many years of specific experience in regulatingpublic procurement, in addition, highlighting the most important aspects of state order placement in KazakhstanRepublic from the scientific research viewpoint.Key words: government procurement, government order, government regulation, public procurement system, logistics,legislation effectiveness, suppliers, government and business, corruption, competition, price policy, foreign practice.

Systemic integrated approach to evaluating the resource potential of a construction company as a bidder

In the last few decades, the Russian construction market has seen competition grow fierce among contractors. All of the market players strive to surpass their competitors, while the clients face a serious task of organizing the bidding procedures in keeping with internal regulations and in line with the federal law on procurement. This paper suggests a mathematical model which uses the systemic integrated approach to evaluate the resource potential of a construction company participating in the procurement process. To this effect, research of international procurement experience has been conducted and its findings have enabled the authors to outline and assess the key factors shaping the behavior of the suggested model. As a result of the research, recommendations have been developed for an efficient systemic integrated evaluation of the resource potential of a construction company in order to improve the quality of procurement processes in the construction sector.

The effect of an organ procurement experience on preclinical medical student perceptions of transplant surgery.

Transplant surgery is a predominantly male specialty with high burnout rates. There are currently limited data regarding how programs can attract a diverse applicant pool to the field of transplant surgery. This study evaluated the effect of an Organ Procurement Experience elective on preclinical medical students' perceptions of transplant surgery in a prospective, longitudinal study. Preclinical medical students were anonymously surveyed before and after attending a deceased donor organ procurement. Questions focused on the following themes: Personal Beliefs, Personal/Professional Life, Diversity, and Gender Equality. Responses were rated on a five-point Likert scale. Ninety-nine and 45 students completed pre/post-procurement survey, respectively. Post-procurement responses demonstrated increased education about the field (2.1/5 vs 3.89/5, P<0.001) and perceptions of the personalities and collegiality between surgeons (3.06/5 vs 3.73/5, P=0.005). Post-procurement, women were less likely to feel that female transplant surgeons are treated differently (3.98/5 vs. 3.45/5, P<0.017). Post-procurement, 19% agreed that transplant surgeons have a high quality of life. One percent of respondents felt the current gender distribution in transplant surgery is satisfactory. The Organ Procurement Experience significantly improved preclinical students' perceptions of the field. However, there remains a strong concern about quality of life and gender diversity within the field.

Political Donations, Public Procurement and Government Efficiency

Firms’ political donations can induce distortions in the allocation of public procurement contracts. In this article, we employ an advanced non-parametric efficiency model to study the public sector (cost) efficiency implications of such distortions. Using a unique dataset covering the Czech regions over the 2007-2014 period, we find that the efficiency of public good provision is lower when a larger share of public procurement contracts is awarded to firms donating to the party in power (‘party donors’). We link this efficiency difference to two underlying mechanisms: i.e. shifts in procurement contract allocations from firms with previous procurement experience to party donors, and the use of less restrictive allocation procedures that benefit party donors.

Lessons from one year experience of pooled procurement of pharmaceuticals: exploration of indicators and assessing pharmacies` performance.

Joint procurement of medicines is a way to improve access and justice in developing countries. The aim of this study is to determine local indicators for assessing the performance of joint procurement agencies and compare the indicators in those pharmacies which use centralized purchasing before and after this change. This was a mixed method study. In the first qualitative phase, 3 expert panels were held including 20 national experts who were selected through purposeful sampling. Data was analyzed applying a five-stage framework analysis using MAXQDA. In the second quantitative phase, financial, supply and procurement, physical and functional indicators of two hospitals affiliated with joint procurement were assessed and the satisfactions of patients from the pharmacy performance were compared applying a valid questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS through independent test, Paired t-test and ANOVA. Results show that after settlement of joint procurement, the cost of transportation has increased by 54%, a part of the cost of overhead has increased by 30%, the cost of manpower has increased by 88.9% and cost of insurance of warehouses has increased by 71.85% in 2016 compared to 2015. In addition, the total costs of holding were 89.8% of selling revenue. In other words, the profit was about 10% of revenue in total. Moreover the average score of pharmacies under the Holding has been higher than similar ones in all aspects of satisfaction from the patients` points of view. The one-year experience of deploying centralized purchasing to supply medicine has led to increased income and patient satisfaction. However, increase in staffing costs, longevity, overhead and warehouse costs have been significant that need appropriate monitoring and interventions. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract of lessons from one year experience of pooled procurement of pharmaceuticals in south of Iran.

Strategically supplier-oriented management in the procurement process of JSC “Russian Railways”

JSC “Russian Railways” is one of the world’s largest companies in the railway market. It ensures the safety and accessibility of transport in Russia, reduces the transport load on its economy. JSC “Russian Railways” is a company founded by the Russian Federation. In the conditions of the global financial crisis and limited budget resources, the search for ways to reduce the costs of its operation comes to the forefront. In the supply, there is a significant potential for increasing the efficiency of any company’s activity by saving on purchases in the case of choosing a key supplier that meets all customer’s criteria. In turn, the growing relevance in modern conditions is acquired by strategically supplier-oriented management in the process of meeting the needs and requirements of companies. In this regard, the article substantiates the need for strategically supplier-oriented management of commodity and material values in supply chains, systematizes supplier management strategies. The experience of procurement and selection of suppliers of goods, works and services for the needs of JSC “Russian Railways” was studied, a methodology was proposed for ranking criteria for the selection of products and suppliers in order of the decreasing significance value, allowing to expand the method of rating the existing and potential sources of supply.

Can Values-based Food Chains Advance Local and Sustainable Food Systems? Evidence from Case Studies of University Procurement in Canada and the UK

This article asks whether the concept of values-based food chains (VBFC) can help explain and advance processes fostering sustainability transitions in the food system of the Global North. The VBFC concept is contested in the context of the author’s research into Canadian and UK university food procurement experiences designed to promote purchases of local and sustainable foods. Notwithstanding important contributions to the role of values as motivators in emerging food movements, the author argues that the formulations and conceptualizations around VBFCs are problematic because they focus too heavily on market-based differentiation as a driver of the sustainability agenda, and because they underestimate the role of oligopolistic businesses in the shaping of food supply chains. The article posits that public sector institutions have a central role to play in developing sustainable local food systems. I have coined the term ‘infrastructure of the middle’ as an alternate conceptualization, which highlights public goods and goals, and features the role of the public sector and civil society organizations, as well as farmers and other private sector enterprises.

E-PROCUREMENT USE IN THE NIGERIAN BUILDING INDUSTRY

Since the mid-1990s, the use of electronic (e-) procurement aspect of electronic commerce in the different industrial sectors has been on the increase across the world. However, the extent of its adoption in the Nigerian building industry is not clearly understood. This study investigated e-Procurement use in the Nigeria building industry with a view to improving understanding of the extent of its adoption in this country. The research involved a questionnaire survey of 213 respondents drawn from consulting and contracting firms, client organizations in the private sector and government institutions conducted in Nigeria in 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and multiple regression analysis. The result shows that the main users of e-Procurement were quantity surveyors and construction/project managers in consulting firms; and that there was a significant relationship between professional roles and e-Procurement use in the Nigerian building industry. The most frequently used e-Procurement technologies for announcing/receiving invitation to tenders; exchanging project briefs and specifications; submitting/receiving tenders/bids and sourcing for materials and equipment were e-mails and websites. Age of organizations, top management perception of the benefits of e-Procurement and sector of procurement experience had the most significant influence on e-Procurement adoption in the study area. The study concludes that the private sector was taking the lead in e-Procurement use and that only established organizations whose top management understands the benefits of e-Procurement would most likely adopt it in the Nigerian building industry. To cite this document: Egidario B. Aduwo, Eziyi O. Ibem, Emmanuel A. Ayo-Vaughan, Uwakonye O. Uwakonye, and James D. Owolabi, E-PROCUREMENT USE IN THE NIGERIAN BUILDING INDUSTRY, International Journal of Electronic Commerce Studies, Vol.8, No.2, pp.180-215, 2017. Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/ijecs.1524

STRENGTHENING REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION IN SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT – AN INVESTIGATION OF CHALLENGES

To reap the benefits of sustainability in the construction sector, it is crucial that the stakeholders involved can implement it in practice. Investigations have shown that choices made in the early phases of the building process are of very great importance for the outcome and the initiatives and decisions taken by the building owner are crucial. This paper presents research on Danish building practitioners' ability to make requirements for sustainability in procurement. On the basis of an action research strategy, we asked practitioners to help identify the challenges involved in requiring sustainable solutions through procurement. These included among others a lack of knowledge or experience in sustainable procurement and interdisciplinary challenges. The research showed that practitioners are able to formulate specific requirements for sustainability in procurement. However the challenges found imply that a sustainable approach in procurement is not fully implemented in a Danish context. This suggests that there is a need for guidance in the area, if the practitioners are to move from good intentions to making more specific requirements for sustainability in procurement.

Experience of public procurement of Open Compute servers

The Open Compute Project. OCP (http://www.opencompute.org/). was launched by Facebook in 2011 with the objective of building efficient computing infrastructures at the lowest possible cost. The technologies are released as open hardware. with the goal to develop servers and data centres following the model traditionally associated with open source software projects. In 2013 CERN acquired a few OCP servers in order to compare performance and power consumption with standard hardware. The conclusions were that there are sufficient savings to motivate an attempt to procure a large scale installation. One objective is to evaluate if the OCP market is sufficiently mature and broad enough to meet the constraints of a public procurement. This paper summarizes this procurement. which started in September 2014 and involved the Request for information (RFI) to qualify bidders and Request for Tender (RFT).

Life Cycle Contracts in the Development of Procurement in the Russian Federation: World Experience

The procurement activity in Russia is in a new phase of its development in connection with the entry into forceof the 44-Fededal Law of 05.04.2013. “On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and servicesfor state and municipal needs”. Sufficiently serious innovations are required the analysis of international andworld experience of procurement and development of the scientific and methodological support of stateprocurement. One of the innovations is contracts lifecycle. The article reveals the author's approach to identifyand justify the conditions of effective implementation of the life cycle contracts in the procurement of theRussian Federation.

Surgical resident perspective on deceased donor organ procurement

BackgroundDeceased donor organ procurement provides unparalleled opportunity for surgical residents with extensive surgical exposure. We hypothesize that surgical residents regard organ donation positively and organ procurement enhances their education. MethodsWe conducted an institutional review board approved anonymous national survey to evaluate organ procurement experiences and attitudes of general surgical residents. ResultsThree hundred ninety-seven residents representing all postgraduate years responded, with 97% completion rate. Organ procurement increased with training level (92% seniors vs 53% interns). Over 85% agree organ procurement is a good educational and operative experience, and 73% believe that it will benefit their future surgical career. About 68% agree that organ procurement provided knowledge of anatomy and exposures; under 10% felt organ procurement could be duplicated with simulation. Presence of transplant program did not affect attitudes or experience. Eighty-eight percent women versus77% men plan to donate their own organs. ConclusionResults indicate that surgical residents value organ procurement, and it remains an essential encounter that applies to general surgery.

Lessons from South Africa’s renewable energy regulatory and procurement experience

South Africa’s Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer (REIPP) procurement programme is hailed worldwide as a model for renewable energy procurement. Its success is far from experimental and haphazard and points directly to lessons acquired prior to, and during, the launch and running of the programme. This article explores the journey to the REIPP procurement programme and draws critical lessons from the process. It discusses the success of the REIPP procurement programme in developing the renewable energy sector in South Africa, drawing seven key lessons explain this success and exploring the remaining challenges. The article shows that, despite the need for further improvements and continual optimisation, the development of the REIPP procurement programme has been a positive illustration of successful policy and regulatory learning processes.