Experience Of Love Research Articles

Exploring Identity in Poetry: Love, Loss, and Belonging in Sylvia Plath and Elizabeth Bishop through the Lens of Social Identity Theory

This study leverages Social Identity Theory (SIT) to explore themes of identity, belonging, and relationships in Sylvia Plath's "Mad Girl's Love Song" and Elizabeth Bishop's "One Art." Using a comparative qualitative approach, the research examines how personal and social identities influence the speakers' experiences of love and loss. Plath's poem illustrates a crisis of social identity marked by the speaker's detachment and internal conflict, reflecting struggles with isolation and idealization. In contrast, Bishop portrays loss as a communal experience, highlighting an evolving identity characterized by resilience and acceptance. The findings reveal that while both poets illustrate identity transformations shaped by relationships and loss, they utilize different coping mechanisms—Plath through fantasy and Bishop through pragmatic acceptance. This analysis underscores the intricate relationship between social identity and emotional responses, enhancing our understanding of how societal contexts impact individual identity formation.

Poetic Disillusionment and Immortal Struggles: A Comparative Study of Lin Daiyu and Jane Eyre

Abstract: Lin Daiyu and Jane Eyre are both well-known characters in world literature. Though they are created by writers from different cultures in different times, many studies have found that they have many similarities and worth comparing. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding in Lin Daiyu and Jane Eyre's similarities and differences as well as the factors that influence them. Aiming to compare Lin Daiyu and Jane Eyre experiences and characteristics roundly, this essay not only summarizes previous studies, but also divides into three aspects to compare Lin Daiyu and Jare Eyre, which are personalities, love experiences and growth environment. It is found that Lin Daiyu and Jane Eyre both respect themselves as well as others, with strong self-esteem and the value of equality. At the same time, they both show their courage to resist unreasonable things in society. They both pursue pure love without material desires, while Lin Daiyu regards love as more important than Jane Eyre. Jane Eyre's harsh growth environment with simple relationships gives her tenacity, while Lin Daiyu's seemingly enjoyable growth environment with complicated relationships makes her more sensitive. The different experiences and values of the writers also have a significant influence on the characters they create. Comparing two famous characters from different cultures allows us to learn more about the themes of great literature works and witness the image of a group of people from different historical background.

장르에 따른 웹툰의 공간 표현 특성 연구 - 네이버 웹툰 장르 구분을 기준으로

Webtoon is a cartoon implemented in a digital virtual world, and its narrative structure and expression method are similar to cartoons, but unlike cartoons based on paper media, it is based on digital media, that is, mechanical operation of a monitor and mouse, and touch of tablets and smartphones. Based on screen manipulation, it provides more diverse usability and experiences, such as vertical scrolling, time concept, sound, animation effects, division of cells, use of CG, generalization of color use, and augmented reality. Here, romance, fantasy, and comic/gags were selected among the various genres of webtoons, and the backgrounds were compared and analyzed to reveal that the use of the background was different for each genre. In other words, romance mainly uses realistic backgrounds to enhance the realism and immersion of the love story, fantasy mainly uses unrealistic backgrounds to provide an experience of a world that cannot be experienced in reality, and comic/gags are based on the words of the characters and A brief and simplified background is used to draw attention to the action. This can be said to effectively provide the experience of love, the experience of this world, and the control of unexpectedness that each genre pursues. The background does not simply represent a place, but functions as a device to reinforce the purpose and atmosphere of the genre.

Six types of loves differentially recruit reward and social cognition brain areas.

Feelings of love are among the most significant human phenomena. Love informs the formation and maintenance of pair bonds, parent-offspring attachments, and influences relationships with others and even nature. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms of love beyond romantic and maternal types. Here, we characterize the brain areas involved in love for six different objects: romantic partner, one's children, friends, strangers, pets, and nature. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain activity, while we induced feelings of love using short stories. Our results show that neural activity during a feeling of love depends on its object. Interpersonal love recruited social cognition brain areas in the temporoparietal junction and midline structures significantly more than love for pets or nature. In pet owners, love for pets activated these same regions significantly more than in participants without pets. Love in closer affiliative bonds was associated with significantly stronger and more widespread activation in the brain's reward system than love for strangers, pets, or nature. We suggest that the experience of love is shaped by both biological and cultural factors, originating from fundamental neurobiological mechanisms of attachment.

“He Was Such a Block of Ice.” Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Adolescent Girls’ Work in an Intimate Relationship

The first romantic relationships of adolescents are of significant developmental importance, and the acquired experience is a cultural issue. The study aimed to capture what meanings young teenagers give their first love experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted with six teenage girls. A detailed idiographic analysis, based on Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), allowed us to present the work of adolescents to maintain intimacy and ensure the stability of a romantic relationship. It was noticed that young girls take an emotionally leading role in their romantic relationships, feel responsible for them, and act following the stereotypical gender order. The interpretative framework adolescents adopt may result from therapeutic and utilitarian narratives, addressed mainly to women.

To crave is like to be in love

In this article, we wish to show that the experience of addictive desires is similar to the experience of limerence, which can be defined as the state of being in love. In other words, we want to argue that an inherent part of the experience of addiction is found in the experience of romantic love. Many in the literature have tried to show that one can be addicted to love in the way that love constitutes an addiction. Yet, none seem to have taken the opposite route, which rather takes love as a constituent of the addiction itself. This is odd, as such a perspective is warranted by first-person accounts of addiction. In this regard, in our view, addiction is like love, and not the other way around. Nevertheless, it is not addiction as a whole that is similar to love; love in itself cannot be compared to addiction: it is the experience of addictive cravings in addiction that is like limerence. In order to put forward the similarities between experiences of cravings and experiences of limerence, we will go through the basic components of limerence as described by Dorothy Tennov (1979), and prove that they are all found in the experience of cravings.

Improving the Movement of SEN Children with the Help of a Therapy Dog

The therapeutic relationship with animals is crucial for psychological, somatic and social health, as it enriches the well-being of the functional whole (Bánszky et al., 2012). Regular contact with animals strengthens people's experience of responsibility, attachment, unconditional acceptance and love, and also creates a sense of security, as the very existence of an animal reduces anxiety symptoms, loneliness and social isolation. In addition spending time with animals helps to optimise different movements. This paper presents of an ongoing research project. The main aim of our research is to highlight the importance of canine-assisted therapy in refining the movement of children with special educational needs by having them participate in canine-assisted therapy sessions on a weekly basis, during which, in addition to anamnesis and observations, we measure the children's development using a scale (Portage scale) that is accepted in special education. It is hypothesised that the animal-assisted therapy will have a significant positive impact on the large and fine motor skills of children with special educational needs. Our chosen research methods are case study and observation. Data processing requires both qualitative and quantitative analysis.

The Manager and Love: Evoking a Loving Inquiry in a Group Setting

Neuroscientists, psychologists, educators, and management scholars propose that the current emphasis on intellect and reason in education and business over values such as love, connectedness, and compassion are at the root of many business ethical failures and societal problems. They argue not that reason should be abandoned in education and business management but rather that it needs to be balanced with values such as love because these attributes are innately human, enabling wise decision-making. This is a difficult task in the context of the current ethos of intellect and reason that dominates education and management. To correct the imbalance, we must explore ways of preparing future managers to accept the relevance and importance of learning to develop and embody love. Through our research, we provide an experience of community love by creating a caring, receptive, personal container. We engaged in the practice of Collaborative Autoethnography, integrating the Nguni South African concept of Ubuntu, to explore, research, and demonstrate the experience of love in a community setting. To support this practice, we framed it against the background of integrative justice, focusing on authentic engagement without exploitative intent as per Santos and Laczniak’s (2015) Integrative Justice Model (IJM) and built upon some common contexts from which love is considered such as Catholic Social Thought (CST) and indigenous cultures. We analyzed why and how love might be implemented in education and management and how Collaborative Autoethnography can be applied in connecting with others to research, learn from, and build upon the experience of love and connectedness.

The hero's existential dilemma in the story "First Love": the Hamletian question

The article is devoted to the existential dilemma of the hero in I. S. Turgenev's story "First Love", which goes back to the eternal Hamletian question. The traumatic experience of the hero of the story is analyzed, in the image of which it is possible to find moral and psychological traits peculiar to Hamlet, transferred in the context of Russian cultural tradition. The object of the study is the political and ethical dilemma of the hero in the story "First Love". The subject of the study is the unusual love experience of the protagonist of the story and the social and family relations connected with it. The main purpose of the work is to analyze Shakespearean reminiscences in the story, to identify the Hamletian question behind the hero's tragic love. The following research methods were applied in the work: the method of holistic analysis of the artwork, descriptive, comparative, as well as the method of linguocultural interpretation. The research shows that I. S. Turgenev presents the story of the young hero's first love as a socio-political allegory, an allusion to the existential dilemma of the young generation at a critical period. It is the inability to resolve this dilemma that leads the hero of the story to a tragic finale, which should be seen as a warning from the writer. The results described in this article will contribute to a deeper understanding of the late work of I. S. Turgenev, as well as can be introduced as a scientific material in the educational process at the Faculty of Philology. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the paper is the first to study in detail the Hamlet question in Turgenev's story, which is usually paid little attention to, and to discover the reason for the formation of the Russian Hamlet from the double dilemma (political and ethical) of the protagonist.

The Loving Experience of the Therapeutic Relationship as a Factor in Affective Maturation in Adults

This analysis aims to clarify our hypothesis on the role of love experience as a factor of emotional maturation in adults. Affective experiences during childhood may influence adult self-esteem and sense of worth, as well as affective maturation and the capacity to love. Positive affective relationships, such as therapeutic ones, have the potential to heal entrenched negative emotions such as low self-esteem, and thereby foster confidence and joy. However, love alone does not always overcome the feeling of unworthiness that results from a deeper negative self-evaluation. Similarly, as Conrad Baars and Anna Terruwe elucidate, this sense of unworthiness often stems from early emotional wounds and unmet needs, which necessitate a healing journey beyond the realm of love alone. From the perspective of Baars's theory, integrated psychology can explain how for the person to develop a transcendental love proper to the affectively mature person, it is essential that the therapist helps the clients to (a) identify and heal affective deficiencies in the more immature stages of love, including the strengthening of self-esteem, and (b) promote psycho-spiritual integration, helping the clients to discover their personal worth and the meaning of their existence.

Toward Understanding a Black Spiritual Left: the Spirituality of Howard Thurman and the Black Lives Matter Movement

Careful readers of the theologian, mystic, and minister, Howard Thurman, have noted that his work grappled with the major social issues of his day—namely racism, sexism, economic inequality, and other forms of oppression. Indeed, in works such as Jesus and the Disinherited (1949), Luminous Darkness (1965), and Deep River and The Negro Speaks of Life and Death (1975), Thurman pushed readers to engage oppression—particularly racial oppression—as an issue that people of faith needed to engage. Though Thurman’s more popular book-length works have gained attention from religious scholars, his essays “Mysticism and Social Change” (1939)—found in Volume two of the Howard Thurman Papers—and “Mysticism and the Experience of Love” (1961) expose how Thurman’s mysticism could be used as a tool in the fight against oppression.

Spiritual Transformation of the Main Character in the Tarung Sarung Movie

One of the current phenomenal issues being widely discussed by the public is the disbelief in the existence of God (atheism). The issue of atheism is addressed in the film "Tarung Sarung." The purpose of this research is to understand the reasons behind Deni Ruso, an atheist, becoming a devout follower of Islam, as well as the process of Deni Ruso's spiritual transformation. This research adopts a qualitative research approach and utilizes semiotic analysis as the method. The results of this study indicate that the underlying causes for the main character's transformation from being an atheist to a devout follower of Islam are as follows: firstly, friendship. Through friendship, emotional support and inspiration can be provided. When someone has friends who are involved in spiritual practices, it can serve as a motivator for embarking on a spiritual journey independently. Secondly, the environment that facilitates access to places of worship and meditation practices can influence individuals to actively engage in spiritual exercises. Thirdly, the experience of deep love can open one's heart and mind to a deeper spiritual dimension. Furthermore, the process of spiritual transformation experienced by the main character involves self-awareness that God plays a significant role in life, as well as believing in religion as a guide for behavior and regulating all aspects to attain tranquility in both worldly life and the hereafter.

Love, Be a Poem. The Rhetoric of Seduction in the Love Poetry of Vesna Parun

In the broadest sense, the paper is a discussion of Vesna Parun’s love poetry. The basic idea is that, on the one hand, it adheres to the romantic understanding of literature as a representation of the deepest personal feelings, universal truths, and essential values and, on the other hand, that it acts as a confirmation that the experience of love is fundamentally literary, and that literature is a form of unbridled love for linguistic seduction. For this reason, the author’s love poetry is not approached as a representation of her private life, love feelings, or relationships, but as a complex relationship between figurative language and a romanticized idea of love. In other words, it is interpreted as a discourse or rhetorical event that simultaneously constructs and deconstructs concepts such as authentic experience, sincere sensitivity, primordial love, or stable identity, and provides an opportunity to raise important ethical and political questions in the face of its ambivalence.

Creating a supportive learning environment: The impact of dominant love styles on students’ motivation

Introduction. The article reveals the influence of emotions on the intrinsic student motivation to studies. The aim of the article is to identify the dominant love styles, to validate their impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies and the types of their motives in order to design a supportive learning environment. Despite the fact that different investigations into the role of emotional factors on learning have been frequently undertaken since the emergence of psychoanalysis, currently, the emotional reaction to the experience of love is insufficiently articulated in educational and methodological literature and is still peripheral. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study is formed by general scientific methods: theoretical analysis and literature review. They are underpinned by a set of specific methods: personality analysis (personalised, environmental and structural approaches), the colour wheel theory of love (J. A. Lee) along with quantitative, qualitative, diagnostic and interpretation methods (N. Ts. Badmaeva). In order to achieve the aim, an analytical and comparative review has been carried out in order to identify the links between emotions and intrinsic student motivation, as well as the main parts of the supportive learning environment. Quantitative and diagnostic methods include two surveys, used as data collection tools. Qualitative and interpretation methods have allowed the authors to determine student motivation through love styles in correlation with types of motives, as well as to design a three-part supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies. Twenty eight students in their third-fourth year of study at University of Tyumen aged between 20 and 25 years majoring in Linguistics have participated in the study. Results. Literature review has shown that emotions are a significant component in cultivating student intrinsic motivation to studies. The authors have identified and described the key components of the supportive learning environment. The results of the diagnostics and their interpretation analysis have shown a high level of love styles’ impact on the student intrinsic motivation to studies and revealed statistically significant links between prevailing love styles and motives. The dominant love styles are Ludus, Pragma and Agape. Assessment of the student motivation level and dominant types of motives has shown that 51 percent of respondents (n=16) have below average or low level of motivation. Among the prevailing motives, the authors highlight the following: communicative, failure avoidance and social motives. These findings have allowed the authors to design a meaningful model of the supportive learning environment based on teaching strategies and to justify its significance. The authors’ model consists of three main parts involving intellectual stimulation, flexible assessment system and reflection. On the one hand, these components result from the prevailing motives influenced by love styles. On the other hand, they are to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives. The proposed model explicates the links between love styles, motives, teaching strategies and visualises the underlying meanings of the supportive learning environment. Conclusions. In conclusion, the authors summarise the love styles’ impact on the intrinsic student motivation to studies, justify the necessity to introduce and test the designed model of the supportive learning environment. In the authors’ opinion, it will allow an educator to cultivate a sustained student motivation to studies, as well as to enhance cognitive (educational) and professional motives.

Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 Languages

Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg’s 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale—the TLS-15—comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test–retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components—either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.

What’s love got to do with it? A systemic view of agape

In this article, we explore what love feels like in systemic therapy, for us, as practitioners. The idea for writing this article as a personal set of reflections was born in our walking to work relationship. We both have the same part time visiting position in a systemic training programme in a Norwegian University. We leave our hotel at 8a.m. to walk up the hill, talking about training, supervision and therapy as we go along. Increasingly our attention turned to the experience of love in therapy – to what it looked like, to what it felt like, to what it meant, and to the inevitable challenges, risks and benefits of naming love in the therapy process. We soon discovered there was a relative silence on this topic in the systemic literature, and we wondered why. We open this article with a series of further reflections and questions to each other, following our first publication on therapeutic love as agape (Sheehan and Vetere, 2023). We identify agape as the best characterisation of the kind of love emergent in therapeutic relationships and conclude this article with a brief look at the existing systemic literature on the topic. In turn, we invite you, the reader, if you will, to respond.

Contemplating Light: Experiencing Victor Moscoso’s Psychedelic Lithographs in the Museum

Beginning in 1966, Victor Moscoso designed many of his psychedelic posters for the stroboscopic light shows of the San Francisco dance halls. Moscoso innovated a new mode of print that depended on its environment—kinetic lithography, a product of creative experimentation. He developed multiple iterations of this medium; however, installing it outside of its original context of the psychedelic dance hall continues to pose a unique challenge for preparators and curators alike. Today, museum display of his works relies upon experimental settings to activate his site-specific design. This article considers how immersive displays and antistatic artworks demand a new kind of relationship between visitor and artwork by decentering the museum’s longstanding emphasis on the optical, a regime that has long served to frame posters and ephemera in contexts of display rather than as active objects. By analyzing two recent exhibitions displaying Moscoso’s kinetic lithographs (The Summer of Love Experience, 2017, and Moscoso Cosmos, 2021), this article considers the mechanics of the print itself, curatorial decisions, and visitor engagement to assess the site-specific demands of a genre-bending medium.

The Salvation of Mortal Pains in Kamala Das’s Poems through the Upanishadic Principles and Krishna Consciousness

In the time of materialism and capitalism, spiritualism is becoming a more relevant place for attaining mental peace and Self-Enquiry. The more a man sticks to materials, the more he gets frustrated. It is a strange experience for everyone that the solution to every pain and suffering lies in its causes with a hidden form. It is frustration that gradually cuts the way to a solution for overcoming it. So, the way of solution is not a matter of stress and tension rather than the outcome of consciousness. Spirituality shows the ultimate salvation to save from the deliberate stroke of despondency. The poet Kamala Das faces the brutal experiences of sensual love and social traditions. Spirituality is not only a God-oriented realization but also an experience of Self-based realization. The present paper gives an insight look to investigate that the panorama of her pain prepares the soil for her Self-Realization and absolute peace. This paper shows that Krishna Consciousness removes her terrestrial ailments. The intention of this paper focuses on how her frequent hopelessness elevates her as a spiritual being. This paper clarifies that Krishna Energy stabilizes her and gives her Yogic recognition.

Body maps of loves

ABSTRACT Love is an essential biological, psychological, sociological, and religious phenomenon. Using various conceptual models, philosophers have often distinguished between different types of love, such as self-love, romantic love, friendship love, love of God, and neighborly love. Psychologists and neuroscientists on the other hand have thus far focused predominantly on understanding the emotions and behavioral and neural mechanisms associated with romantic love and parental love. We do not yet know how the models construed by philosophers are related to actual experiences of love, and to which extent they are merely nominal creations connecting phenomena that in fact have little to do with each other. We lack empirical knowledge of how different types of love are experienced as embodied feelings, and how these experiences are related to one another. Here we distinguished between 27 different types of love. Using self-report methods, we measured 1) how subjective feelings of different types of love are topographically embodied; 2) how different types of love are associated with self-reported emotional valence, strength of the bodily and mental experience, association with touch, time elapsed since last experienced, and controllability; and 3) how similar different types of love feel. Our study provides the first mapping of embodied experiences associated with different types of love. The results show that the subjective feelings associated with the love types form a continuum from strongly to weakly felt loves.

Past attachment experiences, the potential link of mentalization and the transmission of behavior to the child by mothers with mental health problems: cross-sectional analysis of a clinical sample

Maternal capacity to mentalize (= reflective functioning, RF), secure attachment and emotionally available parenting has an impact on the child’s development. The transmission of mothers’ past attachment experiences gained with both her caregivers in her own childhood and the impact on current mother–child interaction is part of the ‘transmission gap.’ This study explores the transgenerational transmission mechanisms and the potential moderating effect of RF in a clinical sample of 113 mother–child dyads suffering from mental health problems. In a cross-sectional study, the associations between maternal attachment experiences, RF (coded based on Adult Attachment Interviews) and current mother–child interaction (Emotional Availability Scales) were examined with univariate correlation, moderator analyses, and structural equation models. We found relationships between attachment experiences and mother–child interaction, but RF had no moderating effect. Past loving experiences and perceived neglection, particularly with the own father in childhood, were predictors for the present mother–child interaction. There seems to be an intergenerational transmission of attachment experiences to the ongoing generation. Particularly past adverse childhood experiences with the own father seem to explain currently disruptive interactions with the child.Trial registration: DRKS00017008 and DRKS00016353.