Gender Experience Research Articles

The experience of gender in spousal caregiving: A phenomenological psychological study (Greece).

To explore how spousal caregivers of older people undergoing rehabilitation experience gender within the Greek community. A psychological phenomenological design and analysis were used to illuminate the unique meanings 11 spousal caregivers attribute to their experience of gender by gathering qualitative data via interviews. The data provided an insight into the structure of the experience of gender for the spousal caregivers as a normative diachronic identity in a succession of phases: normative constitution, alienation, and reparation. The findings highlight the influence of gender stereotypes on spousal caregivers' self-concept, agency, caregiving evaluations, and practices, emphasizing the importance of adopting an intersectional perspective in future research and interventions, considering various factors such as ethnicity, gender, sexuality, age, power dynamics, and cultural norms. Spousal caregivers experience alienation on entering the caregiving journey, with gender-related vulnerabilities affecting their psychological well-being. Addressing these vulnerabilities can improve caregivers' mental health and foster effective coping strategies. The study emphasizes the moral aspect of caregiving, highlighting the relationship between a sense of obligation, feelings of guilt, gender norms, and motivations calling for challenging self-sacrificial morals and societal norms associated with them to empower caregivers to prioritize their well-being while maintaining their caregiving motivations. This shift in perspective can lead to a more positive and fulfilling caregiving experience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

"I'm not getting paid to give you a TED talk on how my trans body works". Experiences of hysterectomy gender affirming surgery: A qualitative study.

To explore the experiences of care surrounding hysterectomy as part of gender affirming surgery. An in-depth reflexive thematic analysis from accounts by 10 out of 12 people was undertaken. Experiences were then mapped to the surgery journey as a template for developing system responsiveness. No one person's experience of the procedure was affirmed across the entire surgery journey. Transgender health literacy was central to inclusive practice as it mediated bodily autonomy being upheld. The physical care environment influenced the experience, for example, the waiting room was marginalizing (intimidating), with a gendered clinic name and toilets. Some participants took a female support person/partner so that "people looking would assume that I was there supporting her, not the other way around." Communication misalignments were evident around information provided/understood about fertility and ovarian preservation. Participants were also placed in the position of both receiving care and providing education: "I also shouldn't have to be going in there for treatment, and then being expected to educate the medical professional that's meant to be helping me… I'm not getting paid to give you a TED talk on how my trans body works." The experiences mapped across the surgery journey highlighted multiple levels of service provision development needed to foster inclusive practice, for example, from workforce education to healthcare policy. Healthcare for transgender people can be unsafe and inequitable. Increasing transgender health responsiveness across the surgery journey will facilitate better alignments in communication and uphold bodily autonomy, leading to safer and inclusive practice.

Ведущие профессиональные компетенции преподавателей образовательных организаций МВД России с различным стажем педагогической деятельности

Introduction. The article describes theoretical and empirical data of the analysis of professional competences of experienced lecturers and newcomers in educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The relevance of the scientific issue consists in the need to substantiate the system of professional competences of a lecturer of a higher educational organisation. The novelty of the research is in the study of the professional competencies of lecturers of educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia as a system that reveals the content of his/her professional activity. The authors draw particular attention to the transformation of educational goals, requiring the skills of competent interaction in the information and multicultural space; as well as to the increasing significance of the upbringing function of the pedagogue, and the need to gain experience in pedagogical activities by employees recruited to educational organisations as lecturers from territorial departments of internal affairs bodies. The authors present the professional competences: self-organisational, informational, interactive and multicultural competences as the most essential in modern realities, which are formed in the context of professional pedagogical culture and determine the professional success of a higher education lecturer. The purpose of the research: to identify the expression and nature of the relationship between selforganisational, informational, interactive and multicultural competences, based on pedagogical activity experience. Methods. The research involved 117 lecturers of educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia from 23 to 52 years old, including 62 newcomers with up to one year of pedagogical experience and 55 experienced lecturers with 6 to 25 years of pedagogical experience. Methods aimed at the analysis of the professional competences were applied: “Professional competences of a lecturer of a higher educational organisation” (S. A. Pavlova, N. A. Deeva); “Technological Readiness Index (TRI)” by A. Parasuraman, K. Colby (adapted by Y. V. Khlopovskikh); “Integrative questionnaire of intercultural competence” (O. E. Khukhlaev, V. V. Gritsenko, A. V. Makarchuk, O. S. Pavlova, N. V. Tkachenko, Sh. A. Usubyan, V. A. Shorokhova); “Diagnostics of pedagogical communication styles” (N. P. Fetiskin, V. V. Kozlov, G. M. Manuilov); “Diagnostics of self-organisation features” (A. D. Ishkov). Data collection was carried out by means of a survey using electronic forms, sending e-mails and face-to-face questionnaires. Results. The results confirmed the hypothesis that the expression and nature of the relationship between the professional competences of a present-day lecturer are related to pedagogical activity experience. The results revealed a greater number of links between the competences in the group of experienced lecturers in comparison with the group of newcomers; the presence of significant correlations with personality characteristics in experienced lecturers; the greatest structuring of classification attributes of the studied professional competences with differentiation by gender, age and pedagogical activity experience in the group of experienced lecturers.

Evaluation of the contribution of the automated accounting information system to the managerial decision-making process in the commercial bank of Bangladesh

Accounting Information Systems (AIS) are becoming widespread among Bangladeshi banks. The purpose of this study is to assess how automated AIS affects Bangladeshi commercial banks. Purposeful sampling and a randomized block design were used to disseminate questionnaires to 400 respondents from Chattogram, Bangladesh, a commercial port city. Five-point Likert scale close-ended questions assess eight aspects of AIS usage and benefits: infrastructure, technological resources, understanding ability, operational comparability, relevance, reliability, decision-making, and organizational performance. Descriptive analysis, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, factor analysis with Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test, Cronbach's alpha, one-sample Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, Kendall's tau-b Correlation Coefficient, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-WallisH test, and structural equation model were performed using MS Excel 2016, IBM SPSS Statistics 26, and IBM SPSS. The model was validated using convergent and discriminant validity tests. The study found that technological resources, operational comparability, relevance, and dependability influence AIS-based decision-making, while infrastructure and understandability do not. Private banks and AIS-trained personnel make more AIS-based decisions than public banks and non-AIS-trained workers. Regular and frequent decision-makers use AIS more than sporadic decision-makers. There is no effect of gender or job experience on AIS-based decision-making. Finally, AIS-based decision-making improved organizational performance. Therefore, the study results may assist Bangladeshi commercial banks in adopting AIS.

Supplemental Material for The Experience of Gender in Spousal Caregiving: A Phenomenological Psychological Study (Greece)

Supplemental Material for The Experience of Gender in Spousal Caregiving: A Phenomenological Psychological Study (Greece)

Combating gender stereotypes in schools: Gender, education level, and teaching experience of heads of schools as moderating factors

Gender stereotypes are common in societies. Since schools are social entities, they are susceptible to gender stereotypes. Promoting gender equity can combat gender stereotypes. Gender equity is significant for a patriarchal society such as Tanzania. Gender, education level, and teaching experience of heads of schools can influence how they combat gender stereotypes. However, little is known about the extent to which gender, education level, and teaching experience of heads of schools can influence their behaviour in combating gender stereotypes in schools. Based on this background, this study examined the extent to which gender, education level, and teaching experience of heads of schools can influence their behaviour in combating gender stereotypes in their schools. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected through a survey and analysed using SPSS. Findings suggest that gender, education level, and teaching experience matter in combating gender stereotypes. It is recommended that the recruitment of heads of schools should consider these factors. Further research may involve longitudinal studies that gauge how perceptions of heads of schools on gender stereotypes change over time.

Love as a Low Priority: Gender and Relationship History Differences in Singles’ Value of Romantic Partnership

This study uses original data from the Dynamics of Social Life During COVID-19 Survey (DSL-COVID) to examine the importance of romantic partnership among heterosexual single adults in the United States. We find that almost 40 percent of single adults report that having a long-term committed romantic relationship is “not at all important” to their lives. However, the importance of finding a romantic partner varies by gender and prior relationship experience. Compared to women with no prior romantic relationships, women who have been in a committed romantic relationship or have been married before are more likely to report having a romantic partner is not at all important. In contrast, men who have been in a committed romantic relationship are more likely to report that having a romantic partner is at least somewhat important compared to men with no relationship experience. Prior experience with romantic relationships is associated with lower value of romantic partnership for women, but a higher value of romantic partnership for men. These results have implications for union formation, as singles exhibit heterogeneous romantic relationship preferences. Future research on union formation should consider how singles value traditional romantic partnership and further explore how gender relates to dating and relationship decisions.

“You know, there are ‘hidden rules’”: Chinese female journalists’ gendered experiences in different work settings

ABSTRACT This study explores the gendered experiences of 17 Chinese female journalists across different working environments (i.e., party news outlets, commercial news organisations, and the freelance market). It found that female journalists employed by news organisations suffered from and were variously implicated in workplace sexual harassment and assault, a lack of professional autonomy in regard to women’s issues, and institutional discrimination due to pregnancy and motherhood. Freelance female journalists, by comparison, while largely escaping the negative impact of gendered workplaces, face other forms of sexual harassment and sexism due to precarious working conditions (e.g., gendered earning uncertainty, a lack of institutional and social security, and harassment from male sources and readers which is often sexual in nature). Here, gender and unstable working arrangements interact. Providing first-hand accounts of these issues, these interviews allow us to understand how Chinese female journalists’ gendered experiences are shaped by the environments in which they work. This article thus argues that such gender issues should not be viewed in isolation, but rather analysed in relation to the nature and structural environments of female journalists’ specific work units.

Unraveling TPACK: Investigating the inherent structure of TPACK from a subject-specific angle using test-based instruments

Against the backdrop of digitalization, it is imperative to provide pre-service teachers with adequate training opportunities to foster their professional knowledge regarding technology integration in teaching-learning scenarios. However, to date, only limited insights into the empirical nature of such knowledge – often subsumed under the term Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (i.e., TPCK) – are possible given the heterogeneity of prior research investigating the empirical relationship between different knowledge components. This heterogeneity is likely due to the predominant use of self-reports in previous studies. Against this background, the present study pursued two goals. The first goal was to investigate the empirical nature of TPCK among pre-service teachers, utilizing test-based instruments to explore TPCK's nature from a subject-specific angle, that is, its relationship with Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) and Technological Knowledge (TK). Given the widespread use of self-reports, the study's second goal was to examine the relationship between test-based and self-reported TPCK, exploring possible associated factors (e.g., pre-service teachers' gender, prior experience in teaching with technologies in school, or metacognitive accuracy) that may explain why both measures are linked only weakly. Findings reveal that both PCK and TK statistically predicted TPCK to a similar extent highlighting the integrated nature of TPCK. The relationship between test-based and self-reported TPCK was moderated by pre-service teachers' metacognitive accuracy, but not by their gender or prior experience. Together, these insights offer valuable guidance for refining teacher training regarding effective technology integration by indicating the need to target not only PCK and TK but also TPCK.

Gender Tapestry: gender classification as color assignation

AbstractGender Tapestry is a multi-stage interactive AI art project, challenging traditional gender classification systems. This project diverges from binary approaches by recognizing the individuality of the gender experience and expression. This paper draws parallels to the ways color perception differs amongst people and how gender is also experienced in different ways due to lived experiences. Gender Tapestry uses a multi-label classification system, with predictions extending across six gender categories, with a custom RGB color generated based on the outcomes. Participants receive binary images of their face in their personalized colors and styles, while their uploaded photos contribute to a live Generative Adversarial Network training process. This work was created in response to the very binary representations of gender in AI and the lack of representation for genders outside of the binary. The culmination is an evolving mosaic artwork, incorporating all users' custom colors, illustrating gender as a fluid construct. The mosaic gains in complexity as more images are added and more colors enter the mix, creating a community artwork on gender as a 3D color spectrum. This work contributes to the discourse on diversity and inclusion in AI, emphasizing the fluidity of gender and fostering unconventional artistic representations.

Seeking information and services associated with reproductive health among rural Peruvian young adults: exploratory qualitative research from Amazonas, Peru.

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) literacy allows young adults to make informed decisions about health outcomes. In Peru, roughly one fifth of the population lives in rural areas, and little is known about where young adults in rural areas get their SRH information. The aim of this study was to identify what motivates and influences young adults to seek information and care related to SRH in three rural communities in the highlands of Northern Peru. Five gender-stratified focus group discussions with a total of 24 participants, and nine follow-up interviews were conducted to generate in-depth narrative data and triangulate data from the target group. Participants were women and men aged 18-24. The focus group discussions and interviews explored sources of reproductive health information, the role of informal social networks, barriers to care, and primary health concerns of the target population. Main findings include: (1) The two greatest perceived SRH risks were unwanted pregnancy and abnormal discharge; (2) There appears to be limited concern about HIV or other sexually transmitted infections in the narratives; (3) There is a low quality of information concerning SRH, with discrepancies between the genders; (4) A broad spectrum of sources for SRH information were cited, including Internet, traditional healers, and specialized care; and varied by gender and life experience; (5) Having trust in the information source was the primary variable associated with uptake of services and/or access to information for both men and women. However, men reported more embarrassment around seeking services and information, whereas women faced more physical barriers. There is a lack of SRH information among young adults in some communities in the northern highlands of Peru. Both schools and health centers were noted as being trusted and established information sources for all genders so could be a key resource to explore as a way to disseminate information.

Exploring Academic Paradise: Faculty Job Satisfaction in the Business Program at Shanker Dev Campus

The purpose of this research is to examine the level of satisfaction felt by business program faculty at Shanker Dev Campus (SDC). The research aims to evaluate several hypotheses about demographic parameters including gender, age, and work experience on faculty satisfaction levels. A total of 35 randomly selected faculty members were asked to fill out a standardized questionnaire. A low standard deviation of 0.55682 indicates consistency across respondents, and a mean satisfaction score of 3.9871 indicates that faculty members are typically satisfied with job. A Pearson correlation coefficient seems to indicate no statistical significance when examining the relationship between age, job satisfaction, and work experience. As far as gender disparities in work satisfaction depart, female respondents were somewhat more satisfied on average than male respondents. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics among SDC's business program faculty and can help shape initiatives that increase faculty satisfaction and program achievement.

Sporcuların Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışlarının İncelenmesi

Objective: Athletes must lead healthy lifestyles to maintain their health and performance. This study aimed to reveal the levels of healthy lifestyle behaviors among athletes.
 Materials and Methods: A total of 338 athletes were included in the study. The participants were administered a Demographic Form and the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale-II. The demographic form provided information on participants' gender, age, nationality, and sports experience.
 Results: The study found a significant difference in the nutrition sub-dimension of the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale-II according to the participants' gender (p

Unpacking Anti-femininity Among Masculine Identifying STEM Students with Minoritized Identities of Sexuality and Gender

While decades of scholarship show the oppression of women by the enforcement of patriarchal gender norms, little research has explored the ways in which masculinity receives preferential treatment over femininity, independent of a man/woman binary. This exploration is needed to understand why femininity is devalued within the heteropatriarchal masculine social context under which much of current Western society was formed. In response to this anti-femininity sentiment, an emerging area of study called critical femininity was developed to add unique insights into the way in which femininity is embodied and rejected across genders. In this paper, critical femininity is used to explore how masculine-identifying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) students holding minoritized identities of sexuality and/or gender (MIoSG) experience and navigate their campus environments that are steeped in anti-femininity. Only by documenting complex understandings of how men and masculine-identifying STEM individuals (who are the majority of STEM learners and faculty) learn, enact, and reproduce anti-femininity can educators begin to resist and alter harmful patriarchal STEM environments.

Nutrition security and traditional food markets in Africa: gender insights

Malnutrition is a major global challenge. Multiple forms, from underweight to obesity, exist, and several forms coexist within communities and households. Traditional food markets, also known as wet, local, or informal markets, are widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and are a key place where people buy and sell food and socially interact, especially those vulnerable to malnutrition. As such they are vital to food and nutrition security. While it is recognized that gender is an important consideration in food and nutrition security, very little has been published in peer reviewed journals, with respect to gender and traditional food markets in SSA. This mini review aims to explore the nexus role of traditional food markets and gender in food and nutrition security. This study presents a narrative literature review, informed by literature identified in a systematic manner. Four databases were searched for key terms, including nutrition, different forms of malnutrition, gender, traditional food markets, and vendors. The papers provided insight into two main topics pertaining to the role of traditional food market practices, gender, and food and nutrition security. While few papers were identified in this mini review, they illustrated insightful nuances into traditional food markets, gender, and food and nutrition security. There is a need for explicitly framed gender studies that can better inform the limited existing knowledge of the experiences of gender and nutritional security of women and men in traditional food markets in SSA.

The Extent Implementation of Modern Technology and the Educational Imperatives for Teachers in Abu Dhabi

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which modern technology is put into practice within schools in Abu Dhabi and to assess the corresponding need for teachers to embrace it. Methodology/design/approach: A descriptive research methodology was employed in accordance with the research's nature. The researchers developed a questionnaire consisting of 15 items to gauge the current level of technology utilization by teachers in schools. Additionally, an open-ended question was included to glean insights into the perceived significance of teachers' technology-related requirements in the educational context. The responses from a sample of 800 teachers were collected and analyzed, yielding data on the frequency and percentages of technological needs deemed essential by educators. Results and conclusion: The study's findings indicated a moderate level of technology adoption among teachers, with no statistically significant differences noted based on gender and teaching experience. Furthermore, analysis of the open-ended question revealed 15 crucial technological requisites that educators identified as indispensable for effective classroom instruction, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive training in the implementation of these tools. Recommendations: The study recommends to develop targeted training programs, establish supportive school environments, promote active technology utilization with oversight, and provide instructional guides to assist teachers in integrating modern applications into education.

Enhancing pedagogical strategies through technology integration in basic teacher education program

This study investigated enhancing pedagogical strategies through technology integration in basic teacher education programs. It sheds light on its significant influence on both educational management and instructional approaches. The investigation centred on experiences within Ghana's College of Education (CoE), contributing insights that align with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal 4. A mixed-method approach was employed, integrating both quantitative and qualitative methods. The participants of the study consisted of 485 participants (469 tutors and 16 principals) selected from sixteen colleges by using cluster and simple random sampling techniques. Quantitative data were gathered by employing a structured questionnaire, while qualitative data were acquired through semi-structured interviews. The quantitative data underwent analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative data were subjected to an inductive analysis approach. The results revealed the noteworthy influence of age, gender, higher qualifications, and professional experience of principals and instructors on technology integration in education. Furthermore, key indicators such as smartphone usage and Microsoft Office 365 tools were found to be insufficient for facilitating technology integration. This inadequacy was attributed to managerial challenges like infrastructural limitations and resistance to change. It was recommended that the Ministry of Education should institute regular in-service training initiatives on technology integration. This step will empower the staff at CoE with the requisite knowledge and competencies to proficiently infuse technology in their roles.

Exploring Online Physical Education Teaching: What Have We Done and What Have We Learnt?

Engaging with physical education teachers who were compelled to integrate technology into their lessons during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial to understanding how the pandemic has presented this ‘new normal’ circumstance. It is vital to gain insight into the initial experiences of physical education (PE) teachers who transitioned to online physical education (OLPE) teaching, as well as to identify potential areas for improvement in the future. This study investigated the perspectives of secondary school PE teachers on OLPE teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown, their professional development, online training opportunities and future perceptions. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study analysed data from 35 secondary school PE teachers in Fiji, using Google Forms to collect quantitative data and semi-structured interviews for qualitative data. The quantitative data was categorized by age, gender, school setting, qualifications, and teaching experience, while the qualitative data was analysed by themes. The study found that teachers struggled with OLPE due to lack of preparedness, poor Internet connectivity, and lack of emphasis on PE during lockdown. Despite their readiness, integrating technology remains challenging due to a lack of incentives, limited support, and fear of the unknown. The study emphasises the vital importance of technology in creating engaging and relevant PE experiences and recommends the provision of specialised resources, personalised curriculum guidance, and a change in teacher training institutions' paradigms to incorporate contemporary technological applications in PE.

Gender, Ethnicity, and Individual Resistance

Abstract In this article, I explore Sibirskiy dnevnik (henceforth Siberian Diary) of Arpenik Aleksanyan, a Soviet student of Armenian origin who, together with her family, was exiled to Siberia in one of the late Stalinist deportations of ethnic minorities. Arpenik's diary provides a unique perspective on forced displacement and exile through the eyes of a young woman. I treat the diary both as an historical source revealing gendered experiences of forced displacement and as autobiographical writing that provides a glimpse into late Stalinist girlhood and young women's subjectivity. I provide a reading of Siberian Diary that reveals Arpenik's seemingly contradictory integration of Stalinist ideologies of the so-called new woman and nationalities as a foundation for self-construction as well as individual resistance to persecution.

Gulf Male Migration in Kerala: How do the Female Spouses Cope with It?

International male migration, where they have to leave their wives and families behind is becoming an increasingly visible trend in India in general and Kerala in particular. The scholars of international migration have produced a number of studies that research in detail about the economic implications on the household of these migrants. However, there have been a very limited number of studies that endeavored to look into the experiences of the wives of these migrants, especially within the context of India. This study attempts to bridge this gap by conducting a qualitative investigation on the effects of international migration of adult male members in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, specifically on their wives with the broader objective of unravelling the difficulties and concerns (if any) faced by these women in the physical absence of their husbands. In doing so, it also efforts to explore the continuity and changes in the discourse. Contextualized against the Indian landscape of patriarchy, the paper particularly intends to delineate the gendered experiences of these women especially with respect to the agency, autonomy, and decision making power exercised by them within familial settings. Further ahead, the research also aims to look into the nature of their relationship with their migrant spouses and the implications this has on their personal lives. Theoretically situated within the relational autonomy and intersectional frameworks of feminism, the study will base its findings on the data acquired qualitatively from the semi-structured interviews conducted with fifteen women from Thiruvananthapuram, whose husbands have migrated to Gulf countries for work.