Exercise Experience Research Articles

Feasibility of a Remotely Delivered Strength and Balance Training Program for Older Adults with Cancer.

Falls are a major issue among older adults with cancer and lead to interruptions in cancer treatment. Resistance and balance training can prevent falls in older adults, but minimal evidence is available regarding the older cancer population, who often have unique risk factors. We used a pre–post design to assess the feasibility of a remotely delivered exercise program that progressed in difficulty and its efficacy on lower body strength, balance, and falls in older adults with cancer who had prior in-person exercise experience. Twenty-six older adults with cancer completed the intervention. Attendance rate for the virtual component was 97.6% and for the independent component was 84.7%. Participants perceived the program as rewarding and enjoyable (100%), felt this program prepared them to exercise on their own (92%), were confident to continue exercising on their own (81%), and would recommend the program to other patients (100%). The median balance score at baseline and end-of-study was 4 (IQR = 0). The median chair-stand time decreased from 9.2 s (IQR = 3.13) to 7.7 s (IQR = 4.6). A statistically significant difference in lower body strength (r = 0.68, p = 0.001) was detected post-intervention. The findings from this study can inform the design of a larger randomized trial.

Exercise in the Park or Gym? The Physiological and Mental Responses of Obese People Walking in Different Settings at Different Speeds: A Parallel Group Randomized Trial.

Evidence shows that physical activity has multiple health benefits for the body and mind of oneself, but little is known about the impacts of the setting and the intensity on exercise experience, especially for obese people. This study investigated the physiological and psychological effects of four walking conditions with different settings (park vs. gym) and intensity (slow vs. fast) on young obese adults. Subjects were 18–21 years old Chinese university students (N = 77), who were diagnosed as obese. They were randomly assigned to participate in one of the four activities in the field: slow walk in the park (2.8 km/h), fast walk in the park (5.5 km/h), slow walk in the gym, and fast walk in the gym. Physiological indices, including blood pressure and heart rate, were measured before and after the walk. Psychological responses were measured by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the mood states scale, and the semantic differential scale. This study of obese people aged 18–21 years confirmed the previous findings that exercising in natural environments better relieved stress and restored attentional level than indoor activities. The results suggested that the mood states of the participants and their environmental perceptions may be influenced by the walking conditions with different setting and speed. The findings can be used in planning and designing urban green spaces for promoting physical activity and making exercise plans for obese people.

PREGNANCY EXERCISE IMPACT TO PERINEAL TEAR IN NORMAL LABOR

Abstract Background: Perineal tear is the tearing of the pelvic floor muscles. Based on the literature review and previous research, perineal tear often occur in labor, especially in primigravida. Pregnancy exercise is a physical activity that carried out by pregnant women. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnancy exercise and perineal tear in normal labor at the Pratama Anugrah Clinic in Surabaya. Methods: This study uses an observational analytic method with a retrospective time approach. The number of samples was 34 case groups (perineal tears) and 34 control groups (no perineal tears) in normal delivery using purposive sampling. The instruments used are medical records, written interviews, cameras and checklists. Data analysis used chi square statistical test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that there were still many mothers who did not do pregnancy exercise during their pregnancy as many as 43 (63.2%). Mothers who did not practice pregnancy exercise experienced more perineal tears as much as 27 (79.4%), while mothers who did practice pregnancy exercise experience perineal tear in normal labor that is 18 (53%). Result of chi square statistical tests obtained p value 0.006 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pregnancy exercise minimizes perineal tear in normal delivery.

The Association Between the Subjective Exercise Experience of Chinese Women Participating in Square Dance and Group Cohesion: The Mediating Effect of Income.

Background: Chinese square dance has become well known worldwide in recent years, and most participants are women who dance with a group in their communities. In particular, middle-aged women may have physical and mental health problems, and participating in square dance may increase women’s positive subjective well-being and decrease their negative emotions, which may improve their health over the long term. In addition, participating in square dance can promote group cohesion. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between the subjective exercise experience of participating in square dance and group cohesion and whether some variables (e.g., age, education, duration, income level, and work) play a role as mediators in the association with subjective exercise experience and group cohesion. Methods: In total, 1,468 Chinese women from 31 provinces and 82 cities participated in this study by completing an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of a subjective exercise experience questionnaire and a group environment questionnaire. We analyzed the collected data and built a statistical model. Results: (a) Square dance satisfied women’s physical and psychological needs partly; (b) positive well-being (PWB) was positively correlated with group cohesion, and fatigue was negatively correlated with group cohesion; and (c) the income level was a partial mediator of the relationship between group cohesion and subjective exercise experience. Conclusion: Chinese women have different motivations for participating in square dance. Because this activity can help meet women’s physical and psychological needs, an increasing number of individuals worldwide participate in square dance. As women’s subjective well-being increases, group cohesion increases, and vice versa. Moreover, the subjective exercise experience remains a significant predictor of group cohesion after including income level as a mediator, suggesting that the model indicates partial mediation.

Subjective experiences of physical activity and forecasting bias during behavioral weight loss.

IntroductionEngagement in physical activity (PA) is a critical component of behavioral weight loss (BWL) treatment. Subjective experiences surrounding PA may shape exercise decisions and need to be further understood within a BWL sample.MethodsParticipants in this study were adults with overweight/obesity enrolled in an 18‐month BWL program. At baseline, six, and 18 months, participants (N = 320) predicted how they would feel during a lab‐based walking task and rated their experiences mid‐walk and post‐walk. They also completed self‐report questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms and discomfort intolerance.Results and DiscussionResults indicated that exercise experience and expectations were more positive at later treatment points than at baseline. At each assessment point, post‐walk ratings were more positive than mid‐walk ratings, but pre‐walk ratings did not differ from mid‐walk ratings, suggesting BWL participants were relatively accurate in predicting their PA experience. These results suggest treatment‐seeking adults with overweight/obesity feel most positive upon completion of PA, may not experience a forecasting bias as hypothesized and seem to have increasingly positive PA expectations and experiences as they proceed through treatment and lose weight. Lower discomfort intolerance and depressive symptoms were associated with more positive PA expectations and experiences. Understanding these individual differences in PA experience can inform intervention strategies.

The Flow-Clutch Scale: Development and preliminary validation in sport and exercise

ObjectivesThe Integrated Model of Flow and Clutch States describes two overlapping psychological states that underlie exceptional performance and rewarding exercise experiences. However, research based on this model is currently hampered because no validated measure has yet been developed. Therefore, the aim of this multi-study paper was to develop and provide preliminary validation of the Flow-Clutch Scale in sport and exercise. DesignUsing two independent adult samples (n = 280; n = 264), three studies were conducted to develop and establish preliminary validity of the Flow-Clutch Scale. MethodIn Study 1, we developed an initial version of the scale and established content validity using an expert panel. In Study 2, we employed exploratory factor analysis to: identify the most appropriate factor structure; examine the scale’s internal consistency; test whether the scale differentiated between individuals who experience flow, clutch, or neither state; and examine relationships with the Flow State Scale-2. In Study 3, we aimed to replicate findings of Study 2 with an independent sample, and employed confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the factor structure, internal consistency, and relationships with the Flow State Scale-2. ResultsThe results provide preliminary validation of the four-factor, 22-item Flow-Clutch Scale. ConclusionsThese studies indicate the Flow-Clutch Scale represents a useful scale for researchers interested in examining flow and/or clutch states in sport and exercise. Recommendations are provided for further research to continue testing, and accumulating evidence for, the validity and reliability of the Flow-Clutch Scale.

Exercise Experience of Elderly Medicaid Beneficiaries with Osteoarthritis Based on Self-Determination Theory

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic disease among elders, and it crucially requires self-management. This study aimed to qualitatively examine exercise experiences of elderly Medicaid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis receiving exercise intervention based on self-determination theory (SDT).Methods: Eight elders who received a community-based exercise intervention were interviewed three times. Using the interview transcriptions and field notes, researchers conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis based on SDT to explore the motivational process of exercise compliance.Results: Three meaningful profiles (non-compliant, intermitter, and compliant) were identified along with satisfaction with needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) that motivate exercise compliance based on SDT. Compliance of exercise is primarily initiated by external regulation and followed by the internalization process of recognizing and accepting the value of the behavior.Conclusions: The concepts of SDT could be used to explore factors associated with motivation and gradual behavior change among elderly Medicaid beneficiaries with osteoarthritis. Autonomy, competence, relatedness, external regulation, and identified regulation control may be applied to establish a strategy that promotes behavior change by satisfying the psychological needs and internalizing the behavior of these elders.

A Hands-On Exercise on Caries Diagnostics among Dental Students-A Qualitative Study.

According to current care practices, the aim is to prevent the onset of caries lesions and to stop the progression of incipient lesions. A visual lesion assessment system, International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), has been developed to promote reliability and repeatability of assessment of different stage caries lesions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the experiences of a hands-on exercise with authentic teeth as an adjunct to lecturing among third-year dental students and to evaluate the learning process during the hands-on exercise measured by qualitative (inductive content) analysis of the given feedback. In 2018, 51 third-year dental students at the University of Oulu, Finland, participated in a hands-on exercise on caries detection, where they assessed the depth and activity of lesions in extracted teeth using the ICDAS classification. After the lecture, students evaluated the exercise, giving feedback according to five given topics, three of which were analyzed using inductive content analysis. The exercise was considered useful and necessary but, overall, also challenging. The diverse activities and materials, as well as observational methods, promoted learning. The classification of lesions, the diagnostic methods, and the fact that there was not enough time to adopt things during the exercise were found to be challenging. For developing the exercise, the students suggested that more time should be scheduled for it and there should be more individual teaching. This qualitative study showed that, despite the challenge in caries diagnostics, dental students perceive the hands-on exercise as both a communal and individual learning experience.

Social reward and support effects on exercise experiences and performance: Evidence from parkrun.

There is growing academic, civic and policy interest in the public health benefits of community-based exercise events. Shifting the emphasis from competitive sport to communal activity, these events have wide appeal. In addition to physical health benefits, regular participation can reduce social isolation and loneliness through opportunities for social connection. Taking a broad evolutionary and social psychological perspective, we suggest that social factors warrant more attention in current approaches to physical (in)activity and exercise behavior. We develop and test the hypothesis that social reward and support in exercise are associated with positive exercise experiences and greater performance outputs. Using a repeated-measures design, we examine the influence of social perceptions and behavior on subjective enjoyment, energy, fatigue, effort, and objective performance (run times) among a UK sample of parkrun participants. Social factors were associated with greater subjective enjoyment and energy. Higher subjective energy, in turn, was associated with faster run times, without any corresponding increase in perceived effort. No significant main effects of social factors on fatigue, performance or effort were detected. The role of social structural factors has long been recognized in public health approaches to physical activity. Our results indicate that there should be greater research attention on how positive and rewarding social behaviors and experiences—particularly subjective enjoyment and energy, and perceptions of community social support and belonging—influence exercise-related behavior, psychology and physiology, and promote health through collective physical activity. The research also supplements traditional emphases on social facilitation and team sport that have dominated sport and exercise psychology and offers new avenues for understanding the deep connections among psychological, social and physical function in everyday health.

The WIRED Trial - Wii Sports™ as a virtual Reality Exercise Experience to improve Depression in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Superiority Phase II Trial.

Background: Due to the coronavirus pandemic, the number of hospitalized individuals increased exponentially. The sudden increase in workload, the social isolation, and the fear of COVID-19 contributed to a remarkable increase of depression cases (from 20.9% to 43.2%) among healthcare workers. Although many treatments are available for depression, including pharmacotherapy, exercise, and virtual reality, response varies widely, from complete recovery to non-responders and relapsing cases. In this sense, Wii Sports™ may serve as an alternative to improve response to standard first-line therapy, since it provides an interactive environment, physical activity and incorporates playfulness. Objective: Evaluate the effect of Wii Sports™ in treating mild and moderate cases of major depressive disorder in healthcare professionals who developed depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The WIRED trial is a phase II, multicenter, randomized, active-controlled, single-blinded, superiority trial with two parallel groups. The intervention group will be composed of Wii Sports™ in addition to a first-line antidepressant, while the control group will be composed of Wii™ games that do not involve physical activity in addition to a first-line antidepressant. The primary outcome is to detect a group mean difference in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) at week twelve, while secondary outcomes include participant adherence and comparison of HAM-D17 scores at different time points. Conclusion: To our knowledge, there is no previous literature published that targets the same population, tests the same intervention, and evaluates the same outcomes, highlighting the possible impact of the study on the psychological and psychiatric fields, regardless of its results. Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, depression, Major Depression Disorder, Wii Sports™, virtual reality, exercise.

Acceptability and feasibility of public square dancing for community senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms: A pilot study

ObjectivesTo explore the acceptability and feasibility of public square dancing among community residents with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depressive symptoms. MethodsThis mixed-method study consisted of a quantitative and a qualitative phase. From January to July 2018, a total of 241 community-dwelling senior citizens who complained of memory loss in one community in the Haidian District in Beijing were approached and screened, and 41 qualified for the study. Among them, 35 senior citizens participated in the public square dancing intervention. By the end of the three-month follow-up, 31 senior citizens completed the whole study. The Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES) was used to survey senior citizens at the end of the three-month public square dancing intervention and follow-up to measure the participants’ subjective exercise experience. Then 15 senior citizens were interviewed to collect attitudes, opinions, and suggestions related to the intervention. ResultsDuring the intervention, 90.6% of senior citizens met the requirement for defined hours. All senior citizens continued to dance at the three-month follow-up, and 32.3% met the requirement for defined hours. The scores of psychological well-being (11.03 ± 2.82 vs. 14.87 ± 3.93, P < 0.001) and fatigue (11.00 [8.00, 12.00] vs. 14.00 [9.00, 18.00], P < 0.001) increased at the end of the three-month follow-up. Qualitative research results extracted four major themes: increased confidence and a sense of accomplishment; easy to learn, close to real life, and sense of belonging; promotes physical and mental health; future expectations include music selection, reduced weather disruption, and self-organizing workouts. ConclusionPublic square dancing proved to be an acceptable, viable, and valuable intervention for MCI residents with depressive symptoms, which could be carried out by nursing staff in the community. Future studies should consider the appropriate population, intensity, and frequency of public square dancing and its effect on specific cognitive functions.

Different Endurance Exercise Modalities, Different Affective Response: A Within-Subject Study.

Affect experienced during an exercise session is supposed to predict future exercise behavior. However, empirical evidence reveals high variability in affective response to different exercise modalities. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare acute affective response and its variation during three different endurance exercise modalities: (a) moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE), (b) vigorous-intensity continuous exercise (VICE), and (c) high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Using the dual-mode theory as a theoretical framework, cognitive and interoceptive factors were considered as potential predictors of in-task affective response. In a within-subject design, 40 insufficiently active healthy participants (aged from 20 to 40 years) attended three sessions per exercise modality on a cycle ergometer. Affective valence (measured by the Feeling Scale), two cognitive factors (perceived competence and awareness of interoceptive cues), and one interoceptive factor (heart rate) were assessed before, during, and after each exercise session. Mixed models with three levels (subject, exercise session, and time point) revealed more positive affective valence during MICE compared with VICE (p < 0.001) and HIIE (p < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between the latter two. Levene's test results showed the highest variability of in-task affective valence during VICE (ps < 0.01). Regarding the course across the session, MICE was associated with a constant slight increase in affective valence from pre- to post-exercise (p < 0.05), whereas VICE and HIIE caused a decline in pleasure, followed by an affective rebound immediately after exercise termination (ps < 0.01). The highest importance of cognitive and interoceptive factors for in-task affective valence was observed in VICE (ps < 0.05). The current findings provide support for the tenets of the dual-mode theory, however, indicating that there may be differences in the affect-intensity relationship between continuous and interval exercise. In conclusion, the study results concerning previously insufficiently active individuals extend the knowledge of how exercise can positively shape affective well-being depending on exercise modality and psychophysiological influences. This knowledge enables public health practitioners to design more individualized activity recommendations, thereby improving the subjective experience of exercise.

Tone it down or tune it out? Effects of instructor cues on body image, enjoyment, and intentions to return during group exercise for older adults

The use of appearance (versus functionality) cues in group exercise has been linked to negative body image outcomes in young women. This study examined the impact of appearance versus functionality-focused cues during an exercise class on state body image, enjoyment, and intentions to return to a future class, in older adults (60+ years). Participants (N = 107, Mage = 69 years) completed demographic and trait body image measures at a first session and attended either an appearance or functionality-focused full-body strength-based circuit class. Participants completed pre-and post-state body image measures, and measures of enjoyment and intention to return post-class. A General Linear Model approach to a repeated measures multivariate ANCOVA was used to examine pre-to-post-class differences between conditions for state body image; trait body satisfaction with appearance and functionality, BMI, and previous group exercise experience were entered as covariates. ANCOVAs were conducted to examine differences for enjoyment, (gender, BMI, and previous group exercise experience entered as covariates) and intention to return to a similar class, (previous group exercise experience as covariate). No significant differences were found across analyses (ps > .05). These findings contrast with similar studies conducted in younger populations. Future studies should continue to examine body image in aging populations.

Exercise Experiences of Older Adults with Diabetes and Sarcopenia: A Phenomenological Study.

Sarcopenia is a common and progressive skeletal muscle condition, often described as an intermediate stage in the development of frailty and disability in patients with diabetes. This can be improved through physical activity and exercise. This descriptive phenomenological study explored the exercise experiences of older adults with diabetes and sarcopenia. Individual interviews were conducted following semi-structured interview guidelines, and narratives were analyzed using Giorgi's method. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing 14 purposively sampled older patients with diabetes and sarcopenia. The study identified three main themes: encountering difficulty during exercise, recognizing the advantages of exercise, and constructing a suitable exercise model. While older adults with diabetes and sarcopenia may encounter difficulty during exercise, they also experience positive feedback from exercise. Understanding the limitations of older adults, individualizing exercise models based on their exercise experiences, and providing appropriate interventions and necessary emotional support can effectively prevent diabetes and sarcopenia.

The Efficacy of a Group-Based Exercise Program for Postmenopausal Women: A Preliminary Study

Background: Exercise has many physiological and psychosocial benefits for postmenopausal women. Previous research has shown that sedentary postmenopausal women of North Queensland perceive a number of barriers to exercise; however, when they are given the right opportunity, they perceive it as a positive experience. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether an 8-week aerobic and resistance group-based exercise intervention had an effect on the physiological and psychosocial health of postmenopausal women living in North Queensland. A secondary aim was to explore the participatory experiences of women. Methods: A total of thirty-three postmenopausal women volunteered for the intervention, which consisted of group-based circuit style sessions three times per week, incorporating aerobic and resistance exercises. Primary outcome measures included blood pressure, blood lipids, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, cardiorespiratory fitness, peripheral bone density, and strength. Secondary measures included exercise self-efficacy and menopausal quality of life using the Menopause- Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL). Focus groups were conducted post-intervention to discuss participants’ exercise experiences. Results: A total of twenty-six women completed the eight-week program. Significant increases were found in cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.00), upper body strength (p=0.00), lower body strength (p=0.00), exercise self-efficacy (p=0.00), and the MENQOL psychosocial (p=0.01), physical (p=0.00) and sexual (p=0.01) domains. Waist girth (p=0.01) and triglycerides (p=0.02) were significantly decreased. Participants also reported that they had more motivation and confidence, increased strength, and improved functional activities, and also experienced the disappearance of pain and positive feelings from the intervention. Participants mostly enjoyed the social effect, the lack of feeling self-conscious, the friendly competitiveness, and the facilitator. Conclusion: An 8-week group-based exercise intervention can improve the physiological and psychosocial health of postmenopausal women. Sedentary postmenopausal women can have a positive exercise experience, which may increase the likelihood of future exercise participation.

Exercise Behavior, Exercise Habit, Demand And Satisfaction Among College Students

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between exercise behavior, exercise habit, demand and satisfaction and the mediating role of demand and satisfaction among college students. METHODS: 336 college students completed a cross-sectional survey online. Exercise habit was measured using the Self-Report Exercise Habits Index which was adapted from the Self-Report Habits Index and has demonstrated great reliability and validity. Other indexes (i.e., exercise behavior, demand and satisfaction) were measured using direct questionnaires, such as if you were satisfied with your exercise experiences. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and BOOTSTRAP in SPSS and AMOS, respectively. RESULTS: We observed the following: (1) college students had positive exercise behavior (4.52 ± 0.77), but the intensity of their exercise habit (22.38 ± 6.68) was only at a moderate intensity; (2) exercise behavior was positively associated with exercise habit, demand and satisfaction (β = 0.15, p < 0.01; β = 0.40, p < 0.01; β = 0.34, p < 0.01), respectively. Demand was also positively associated with satisfaction and exercise habit (β = 0.16, p < 0.01; β = 0.61, p < 0.01), respectively. Moreover, demand was positively associated with satisfaction (β = 0.33, P < 0.01); (3) there was a direct effect (ES = 0.149) between exercise behavior and exercise habit; and (4) mediating effects of demand (ES = 0.063) or satisfaction (ES = 0.206) were significant as well as the chain mediating effect from demand to satisfaction (ES = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggested exercise behavior could develop into positive exercise habit through a direct path, single mediators of demand or satisfaction, or a chain mediator from demand to satisfaction. It appears that when exercise behavior exists, the appearance of demand is treated as a clue to stimulate memory and that the satisfaction may be feedback to prompt the next exercise-choosing process. Then, after repeating this process, responses to these clues will occur automatically with cognitive shortcuts and exercise will form eventually as habit.

Evaluation of Nursing Students' Experiences in an Interprofessional Simulated Disaster Exercise.

Disaster simulation exercises provide a unique opportunity for nursing students to experience interprofessional collaboration. The limited study of interprofessional education using disaster simulation has focused on two to three health disciplines. In reality, teams comprise members from multiple disciplines in health care and emergency management. A simulated disaster was held at a community college in Toronto, Canada. A total of 121 nursing students participated in the event, alongside students and providers from six health care and emergency management professions. A survey was used to evaluate nursing students' experiences. Nursing students (n = 78) reported a high level of satisfaction, and 90% reported the simulation demonstrated the importance of inter-professional practice. Two themes arose from participants' comments: communicating with patients and collaborating with health care and emergency management providers. There is a need for follow-up to evaluate the impact of this event on nursing students' future practice. [J Nurs Educ. 2021;60(8):445-448.].

Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea: A Stress-Based Disease

The aim of the study is to present the problem of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, taking into account any disease and treatment, diagnosis, and consequences of this disease. We searched PubMed (MEDLINE) and included 38 original and review articles concerning functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea in women of childbearing age. It is a reversible disorder caused by stress related to weight loss, excessive exercise and/or traumatic mental experiences. The basis of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is hormonal, based on impaired pulsatile GnRH secretion in the hypothalamus, then decreased secretion of gonadotropins, and, consequently, impaired hormonal function of the ovaries. This disorder leads to hypoestrogenism, manifested by a disturbance of the menstrual cycle in the form of amenorrhea, leading to anovulation. Prolonged state of hypoestrogenism can be very detrimental to general health, leading to many harmful short- and long-term consequences. Treatment of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea should be started as soon as possible, and it should primarily involve lifestyle modification. Only then should pharmacological treatment be applied. Importantly, treatment is most often long-term, but it results in recovery for the majority of patients. Effective therapy, based on multidirectional action, can protect patients from numerous negative impacts on fertility, cardiovascular system and bone health, as well as reducing mental morbidity.

Mindfulness Among Medical Oncology Doctors and Its Relation With Burnout: Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) Study.

Medical oncology physicians have been identified as one of the main risk groups for the development of burnout. Mindfulness as being aware of the moment nonjudgmentally seems to be a protective factor against burnout. We aimed to reveal mindfulness levels among medical oncology doctors and the potential impact of mindfulness on burnout syndrome. In this cross-sectional study, the data of 285 medical oncology doctors were analyzed. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale was used for mindfulness evaluation, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used for burnout assessment. After defining mindfulness levels among medical oncology doctors, the relationship between mindfulness and burnout was analyzed by the Pearson correlation and bivariate logistic regression tests. The mean Mindful Attention Awareness Scale score of participants was 54.52 ± 13.77. Mindfulness was associated with age (P < .001), having a hobby (P = .008), regular exercise (P = .001), professional title (P = .02), and professional experience (P = .02). As the level of mindfulness increased, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization decreased, whereas personal accomplishment increased significantly (all P < .001). In the regression analysis, mindfulness was significantly associated with all three subscales of burnout (all P < .01). We have demonstrated for the first time on such a large scale that higher levels of mindfulness were related with lower burnout among medical oncology physicians. These findings suggest the potential benefits of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing burnout levels in medical oncologists.

Associations between previous sport and exercise experience and physical literacy elements among physically inactive Danes

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is recognized as a leading global public health threat. Physical Literacy, a concept describing an individual’s prerequisites to participate in and adhere to physical activities, has been suggested to be a key concept in understanding physical activity in various populations. The aim of this study was to describe the prerequisites for physical activity among inactive adults in terms of their physical literacy and previous experience with sport and exercise and how these are interrelated.MethodsSample: 1033 physical inactive Danes. Measures: BREQ-3, ESES, the Levels of knowledge questionnaire and the physical self-confidence scale.ResultsInactive Danish adult’s physical literacy scores are generally low compared to samples in other studies. Inactive adults with no or little previous experience with sport and exercise had lower levels of competences, self-efficacy and autonomous motivation for exercise and sport than the inactive with more experience. Previous sport and exercise experience was positively associated to the physical and affective domain of PL.ConclusionPrevious experience with sport and exercise is very important to consider when developing sport and exercise activities for currently inactive adults as individuals with low previous experience have lower competences and autonomous motivation and therefore need lower challenges and other important attention to the motivational climate in order to ensure that the activities are motivating enough to secure continued engagement.