Negative Emotional Experiences Research Articles

The role of strategy-use and parasympathetic functioning in maternal emotion regulation.

Research has recognized that parental emotion regulation influences whether parents respond sensitively to their children in challenging parenting situations. However, parental emotion regulation is usually assessed using questionnaires that are not about parenting, rather than through examining parents' reaction to specific parenting situations that might evoke negative emotions. This study investigates individual differences in mothers' emotion regulation during parenting, specifically examining the relation between their subjective negative emotions and observed parenting behaviors and whether this relation is moderated by cognitive (strategies to manage negative emotions) and physiological (resting baseline and reactivity of respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA) processes. Data of 157 mothers' self-reported negative emotions and strategy-use, their RSA, observed maternal responsiveness, and their preschool-age children's (30-60 months, 49.7% female) challenging behaviors were collected during a Wait Task, in which mothers told children to wait before opening an appealing gift. Regression analysis indicated that, after controlling for how challenging children were, mothers' level of negative emotion was not associated with observed level of maternal responsiveness. In line with hypotheses, the association was moderated by mothers' resting RSA and the extent to which they suppressed negative emotions. However, contrary to hypotheses, the association was not moderated by use of reappraisal, distraction, or rumination, or RSA reactivity. The significant findings suggest that, although mothers' subjective experiences of negative emotions are not necessarily related to less responsive parenting behaviors, the link between maternal emotions and parenting behavior may indicate differences in how mothers engage cognitive strategies as well as their physiological regulation capacity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Gender Differences in Class-related Emotional Experiences: A Study of Mathematics Course

In education, students experience different emotions, which affect their academic performance, engagement, and achievement. In the classroom, these emotional experiences of students are called academic emotions (Lei & Cui, 2016). This paper holds two-fold aims: to inquire about class-related emotions; and to find gender differences in the emotional experiences of undergraduates of a math course. The theoretical framework was grounded in control value theory. The purpose of the study was achieved by adopting a positivist paradigm, and applying a quantitative research method. The achievement emotions questionnaire (2000) was adapted as a data collection tool for class-related emotions. The data were collected from 162 undergraduates. The descriptive analysis was run for comparing group means on SPSS v. 23. The findings reported more positive emotional experiences: pride and enjoyment, and less negative emotional experiences: anxiety, anger, hopelessness, shame, and boredom in learning math in students. Moreover, interesting differences were found in class-related emotions between males and females. Future researchers direct focus on assessing test-related, learning-related, and teacher-related emotions of students learning science courses, and uncover underlying factors of negative emotions and environmental inciters of emotions from an interpretivist's perspective.

Emotional Appetite Questionnaire: psychometric properties in Brazilian adult samples before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

Appetite represents a desire of a person to eat specific food in order to reach satisfaction and pleasure states. This desire may be associated with the experience of negative or positive emotions (emotional appetite). Emotional appetite can influence eating behavior, and its investigation is relevant to avoid possible damage to health resulting from a disordered eating. To adapt the Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ) to the Portuguese language; to assess the validity and reliability of the data; and to assess emotional appetite in three samples of adults collected before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The Portuguese version of the EMAQ was presented after translation, back-translation, and content analysis. Two studies were conducted, the first before and the second after the pandemic onset. Three samples were formed (2019: Sample 1 (age = 19.7 ± 1.5 years) n = 323; 2020: Sample 2 (age = 21.3 ± 1.8 years) n = 1,011; and Sample 3 (age = 28.9 ± 3.1 years) n = 909). An exploratory strategy with parallel analysis was performed. The analyses were conducted in FACTOR and R (lavaan and semTools packages) software. After determining the best-fit model for the data, emotional appetite was examined considering decrease, non-alteration, and increase in appetite in the face of positive and negative emotions/situations. The profile of emotional appetite was determined using a circumplex model. The two-factor model described by the valence of emotions/situations fitted the samples (Comparative Fit Indexminimum-maximum = 0.95-0.98; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.94-0.98; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.03-0.08; αord = 0.78-0.88). Increases in appetite were more frequent for positive emotions/situations (52.0-57.5%), and both decreases (35.4-44.5%) and increases (50.0-56.2%) in appetite were observed for negative emotions/situations. Emotions with negative valence and activation were more relevant to appetite reduction, while a significant increase in appetite was observed with anxiety (negative valence and positive activation). Different emotions and situations may influence appetite in people, and such an investigation may be useful in preparing eating protocols.

Getting COVID-19: Anticipated negative emotions are worse than experienced negative emotions

ObjectiveWhen people think about negative events that may occur in the future, they tend to overestimate their emotional reactions, and these “affective forecasts” can influence their present behavior (Wilson and Gilbert, 2003). The present research examined affective forecasting for COVID-19 infection including the associations between emotions and preventive intentions and behavior. MethodsIn two studies, we compared individuals’ anticipated emotions and recalled emotions for COVID-19 infection. Study 1 asked college students (N = 219) and Study 2 asked general adults (N = 401) to either predict their emotions in response to a future COVID-19 infection or to recall their emotions associated with a previous infection. ResultsIn both studies, reliable differences in negative emotions emerged. Those who were predicting their feelings associated with a future infection anticipated more negative emotion than those who were recalling their feelings associated with a past infection reported. Greater negative emotion in both studies was significantly associated with being more likely to have been vaccinated as well as higher intentions to get the booster vaccine. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that compared to those who have had a COVID-19 infection, those who have not yet experienced infection anticipate they will experience greater negative emotion, and this may have implications for preventive behaviors. In general, these findings suggest that people may have an impact bias for COVID-19 infection.

Sharing Experiences and Seeking Connection: Using Facebook as a Form of Social Support for Incarcerated Loved Ones

Those with an incarcerated loved one have been shown to experience isolation and difficulty navigating the criminal justice system as well as form connections with others who are experiencing a similar situation. The use of social media allows for individuals to connect with others in similar experiences. For those with an incarcerated loved one, the use of Facebook allows for connection with others who are also navigating incarceration. Posts were collected from a Facebook group “Incarcerated Loved Ones,” with multiple themes emerging. The themes that emerged from the posts are sharing experiences and seeking connection. The codes for sharing experiences include updates on loved ones, negative emotional experiences, and venting. The codes for seeking connection include prayers and good news. Implications and future directions are discussed.

The Experience of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Menopausal Symptoms, Sleep Disturbance, and Body Image among Patients with Breast Cancer-A Qualitative Study.

The objective was to decrease patient menopausal symptoms, sleep disturbance, and body image using a nonpharmacological therapy for cultivating key healthy lifestyle habits in patients with breast cancer. The participants were 26 women with breast cancer who had recently received structured mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training in a clinical trial. Focus groups and interviews were conducted, during which the participants were asked semistructured, open-ended questions regarding the experiences of MBSR. The participants indicated that MBSR helped them to alleviate hot flashes and night sweats, and improve sleep quality and be more at ease with the external aspect of their body. On the other hand, during MBSR intervention in a group manner, the participants felt more psychological support and an outlet for sharing negative emotional experiences. This study identified the short-term benefits associated with group-based MBSR for women with breast cancer. In addition, our research identified the difficulties of intervention measures and coping methods. The study described the benefits of MBSR for patients with breast cancer. The findings of this study will help nursing staff identify the main coping menopausal symptoms and control negative mental health.

Effects of Fitness Dance and Funny Running on Anxiety of Female Ph.D. Candidates

Anxiety has been widely prevalent among female Ph.D. candidates. There is a positive correlation between exercise and mental health promotion. Nevertheless, little is known about the use of fitness dance and funny running to intervene in the anxiety of female Ph.D. candidates. In this paper, the effects of fitness dance and funny running on the anxiety of female Ph.D. candidates were evaluated by a repeated measurement experimental design. We randomly divided the participants into two groups, one group received a fitness dance exercise, and the other received a funny running exercise. The Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to investigate the female Ph.D. candidates’ anxiety. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test the effects of a fitness dance group and a funny running group on participants’ anxiety, and to compare the differences between the two groups. Results showed that a 12-week fitness dance and funny running can alleviate participants’ anxiety from severe to moderate. Specifically, fitness dance increased the positive emotional experience of participants’ state anxiety (p = 0.018) and trait anxiety (p = 0.019) at 8-week, and decreased the negative emotional experience of state anxiety (p = 0.012), trait anxiety (p = 0.008), state anxiety level (p = 0.001) and trait anxiety level (p = 0.034) at 12-week. Funny running increased the positive emotional experience of participants’ state anxiety (p = 0.014), and trait anxiety (p = 0.002), and reduced the negative emotional experience of state anxiety (p = 0.043), state anxiety level (p = 0.047) and trait anxiety level (p = 0.022) at 12-week. This study suggests that fitness dance and funny running are healthy behaviors, which can help Chinese female Ph.D. candidates to dissociate from anxiety and stress situations and develop a healthy lifestyle. It is worth noting that the effects of fitness dance on Chinese female Ph.D. candidates’ anxiety are better than that of funny running. Based on the good effects of fitness dance in alleviating the anxiety of Chinese female Ph.D. candidates, future researches can design fitness dance intervention programs combining exercise therapy and psychotherapy according to the anxiety characteristics of female Ph.D. candidates, such as mindfulness fitness dance programs.

Anxious Brains: A Combined Data Fusion Machine Learning Approach to Predict Trait Anxiety from Morphometric Features.

Trait anxiety relates to the steady propensity to experience and report negative emotions and thoughts such as fear and worries across different situations, along with a stable perception of the environment as characterized by threatening stimuli. Previous studies have tried to investigate neuroanatomical features related to anxiety mostly using univariate analyses and thus giving rise to contrasting results. The aim of this study is to build a predictive model of individual differences in trait anxiety from brain morphometric features, by taking advantage of a combined data fusion machine learning approach to allow generalization to new cases. Additionally, we aimed to perform a network analysis to test the hypothesis that anxiety-related networks have a central role in modulating other networks not strictly associated with anxiety. Finally, we wanted to test the hypothesis that trait anxiety was associated with specific cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and whether anxiety may decrease with ageing. Structural brain images of 158 participants were first decomposed into independent covarying gray and white matter networks with a data fusion unsupervised machine learning approach (Parallel ICA). Then, supervised machine learning (decision tree) and backward regression were used to extract and test the generalizability of a predictive model of trait anxiety. Two covarying gray and white matter independent networks successfully predicted trait anxiety. The first network included mainly parietal and temporal regions such as the postcentral gyrus, the precuneus, and the middle and superior temporal gyrus, while the second network included frontal and parietal regions such as the superior and middle temporal gyrus, the anterior cingulate, and the precuneus. We also found that trait anxiety was positively associated with catastrophizing, rumination, other- and self-blame, and negatively associated with positive refocusing and reappraisal. Moreover, trait anxiety was negatively associated with age. This paper provides new insights regarding the prediction of individual differences in trait anxiety from brain and psychological features and can pave the way for future diagnostic predictive models of anxiety.

Investigating student interpreters’ emotional component of aptitude: a mixed method approach

ABSTRACT Past studies on aptitude for interpreting have investigated the correlation between personal traits and achievement, yet relatively few have singled out students’ emotional state as an important aptitude constituent or tracked its developmental patterns. To address this gap, the present study followed 116 Chinese students of interpreting for five months (one semester) and examined their emotional reports as well as interpreting proficiency. The study differentiated learner-internal (positive and negative emotional traits) from learner-external emotional aspects (positive and negative emotional experiences), then administered questionnaires at three time points (the 1st month, the 3rd month, the 5th month) to determine the emotion-proficiency relations. Based on the regression analysis of the questionnaire data and qualitative analysis of students’ emotion reports, the study found that: 1) As students’ proficiency matured, they experienced growing positive and negative external emotions yet their internal emotions remained relatively stable; 2) While students’ internal emotions were only moderately related to proficiency, their positive emotional experience was always the most reliable proficiency indicator; 3) Positive external emotions could stimulate students’ long-term engagement with learning, and negative emotions such as anxiety could also promote learning by prompting students to use anxiety-reduction strategies. Specific suggestions are thus formulated for interpreter education.

Investigating psychometric properties of the scale of emotional experience towards the spouse

Objective: The objective of the present study was to establish and assess the psychometric properties of the scale of emotional experience towards the spouse in 2018-19. Methods and Materials: For this purpose, all the married women in the city of Isfahan were considered as the statistical population from which 300 married women were selected as the statistical sample using convenience sampling. The research instruments included the scale of emotional experience towards the spouse, extroversion and introversion subscales of NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and triangulation (Dehghani & Yousefi, 2019). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and norm determination. Findings: Convergent validity and divergent validity results revealed that the subscale of negative emotional experience towards the spouse was significantly positively related to neuroticism and triangulation (convergent validity), but negatively related to extroversion (divergent validity). The subscale of positive emotional experience towards the spouse, on the other hand, had a positive relationship to extroversion (convergent validity) and a significantly negative relationship to neuroticism and triangulation (divergent validity). Exploratory factor analysis showed two basic factors called positive emotional experience towards the spouse and negative emotional experience towards the spouse. Test-retest coefficients, at a three-week interval, confirmed test-retest reliability. Conclusion: Thus, based on what the results revealed, this test can be used to assess the scale of emotional experience towards the spouse in the married women both in research and psychotherapy.

The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination, Acculturation Attitudes, and Adaptation among Anglophone African Immigrants in Russia: The Moderating Role of Neuroticism.

Perceived discrimination is an acculturative stressor that negatively predicts psychological and socio-cultural adaptation, partially mediated by the individual's acculturation attitudes. However, despite being under similar conditions of high perceived discrimination, some African immigrants in Russia appear to adapt more successfully than others. Why the individual differences? Neuroticism is a trait that intensifies the experience of negative emotions and sensitivity to stress. Perhaps it amplifies the reaction to acculturative stressors (e.g., perceived discrimination) in terms of acculturation attitudes, with significant implications for adaptation. This study sought to determine whether the personality trait of neuroticism influences how African immigrants in Russia react to perceived discrimination in terms of their acculturation attitudes and how this may relate to adaptation. A moderated mediation analysis was carried out, investigating neuroticism as a moderator in the relationship between perceived discrimination, acculturation attitudes, and adaptation of African immigrants in Russia (N = 157). Perceived discrimination was found to be strongly associated with poor psychological and sociocultural adaptation, which was partially mediated by the integration attitude; neuroticism strengthened this indirect negative association. When highly neurotic African immigrants perceived elevated levels of discrimination, they were more averse to adopting a positive attitude toward integration, and as a result, were more maladapted. This result suggests that the differences in the levels of adaptation among African immigrants in Russia under similar conditions of high perceived discrimination may be partially due to their levels of neuroticism.

Роль взаимоотношений подростков с социальным окружением как фактор защиты от рисковых форм поведения

Background. Adolescence is associated with a high probability of the debut of risky behaviours. At the same time, social environment and the need for it can determine the potential for the implementation of this behavior. Family relationships play a leading role in shaping the behaviour of a teenager. Among all the factors of a dysfunctional social environment that can form emotional experiences or strengthen them, family types of parent-adolescent relationships, as well as the individual needs of adolescents in peer communication, are considered to be the leading ones Objective. The study aims to characterize the factors of protection against risky behaviours among adolescents. Sample. The study involved 865 healthy adolescents aged 15–17 years, among whom 120 adolescents were selected according to the inclusion criteria (voluntary informed consent from a teenager and legal representatives; exclusion criteria: adolescents with official diagnoses according to ICD-10 related to behavioral disorders; chronic mental and somatic diseases), 70 of them were (57.4%) boys and 50 subjects were (41.6%) girls. From the same sample, a study of “parental tolerance” was conducted in 50 parent pairs of adolescents. Methods. The empirical study was conducted with psychodiagnostic methods: (Shipitsyna, 2001) “Study of risk factors and protection”; modified technique of Bern questionnaire version “Ways to overcome critical situations” (Goncharova, 2006); “PSM-25 psychological stress scale” (Taylor, 1953, Nemchin, 1966), and “Questionnaire for determining nervous-mental stability, risk of maladjustment in stress “Prognosis” (Rybnikov, 1985); “Parental tolerance” (Ovcharova, 2018); methodology “Relationship profile test” (Bornstein, Girshfield, 2001, Makushina, 2005). Correlation analysis was applied to study the relationship between indicators of “parental tolerance”, the severity of stress, and stress resistance. Pearson and Spearman coefficients, their determination coefficients (r2) and the reliability of the correlation were calculated. Results. It is shown that for every second teenager, the factors of protection against risky behaviours included social environment (61.6%), family (65.4%), school (46.9%). At the same time, a high degree of need to overcome negative situations in adolescents was revealed in the search for support (in every fourth teenager); self-esteem increase (in 22.2% of adolescents); problem analysis (in 24.2% of adolescents). Among all the components of parental tolerance, 4 indicators of the cognitive component and 6 indicators of the emotional component had a reliable strong relationship that determines the severity of stress resistance. The etiology of interpersonal dependence of moderate severity was based on emotional reliance on others in 72.3% of students; self-doubt in 80.5% of students and the desire for autonomy in 55.5% of students. Conclusion. The materials of the study indicate the need to monitor factors of protection against risky behaviours, as well as their correction through work not only directly with the adolescents themselves, but also with their families, as well as the actualization of preventive work aimed at teaching adolescents to overcome negative emotional experiences with effective methods.

ETHICS GAP IN ADOLESCENTS’ ONLINE COMMUNICATION

The results of contemporary Internet communication studies often conclude that the Internet environment contributes to formation of such attitudes and behavioral patterns as aggressive behavior, verbal abuse, fraud, trolling, bullying and etc. To describe this phenomenon C. James uses the term “the Ethics gap” and refers the loss of sensitivity to the moral and ethical aspects of behavior to it. The aim is to identify to what extent adolescents rely on e-communication and what its content is. From March to June, , an empirical study on the specifi cs of digital socialization of adolescents was conducted on the basis of MSUPE. The study focused on the aspects of online communication among adolescents and included  participants at the age from  to  years. Besides the questionnaire aimed at fi guring out the goals, preferences, potential threats and consequences of adolescents’ online communication and self-disclosure the study included The Problematic Social Networks Use Scale (Sirota N.A, et al, ). Due to the scale results two groups were determined and compared: and  teenagers with low and high levels of problematic use, accordingly. The study fi xed that girls as well as teenagers from one-parent or troubled families are more likely to use social media problematically. The data demonstrate that the majority of adolescents comply with ethical norms of behavior while using social networks. However, violations of moral principles are more common among adolescents with a high level of problematic social media use. They practice obscene language and offensive jokes twice as actively. They are more likely to become victims to online derogatory actions and abuse. More than a half of them experience negative emotions (anger, irritation, pain and annoyance) when they are criticized. At the same time, a third of them listen to the opinions of others and try to work at themselves.

영유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 셰어런팅 경험에 대한 질적 메타분석 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to discover in-depth and comprehensive concepts behind the sharenting experiences of young children’s mothers by qualitative meta-synthesis.
 Methods A qualitative meta-synthesis by meta-ethnography method(Noblit & Hare, 1988) was performed on eight qualitative research papers selected through a systematic process. The concepts of the secondary construct extracted from the each area of interests in each 8 study and the concepts of tertiary construct extracted from reinterpreting and integrating the secondary construct concepts were analyzed.
 Results As a result of the study, first, it was found that the reasons mothers of young children participate in the sharenting were a convenient usage of social media, recording and obtaining information, communication and expressing themselves. Second, about how to do the sharenting, the mothers reported that they participated with a free and active attitude, used a social media selectively, and coped with some difficulties happened during the sharenting. Third, the changes experienced by the sharenting mothers were the expansion of healthy social relationships, emotional support and recovery, and experiences of negative emotions. It was also found that they had the experience of becoming a better parent and a better ‘me’ through the sharenting.
 Conclusions These results of this study provided implications for providing information for the correct understanding and utilization of the sharenting culture of N-generation parents with young children.

Controlled Future as a Factor of Human Behavior Intentionality

This theoretical and empirical study verifies the hypothesis that the desire to control one’s own future is a significant behavioral factor. A controlled future is a phenomenon at the intersection of internality and emotional response. The relationship between the level of internality and emotional response was analyzed at two levels. The first level featured stable personality traits. They were identified using standard personality questionnaires, namely the Standard Personality Traits Questionnaire modified by E. G. Ksenofontov and C. Izard’s Differential Emotions Scale adapted by A. V. Leonov and M. S. Kapitsa. The second level featured situational personal traits manifested in particular situations as a general state of emotional comfort or discomfort. The authors developed a questionnaire that included six types of situations, each of which had three response options. The first option presupposed a passive (external) position, i.e., waiting for help from others. The second option described an active (internal) position. The third option was intermediate (50/50). Each behavioral option required an assessment of emotional comfort. At the level of subjective-personal traits, the general level of personal internality determined the readiness for action and overcoming difficulties, often associated with negative emotional experiences. A lower readiness for action and transformation triggered stronger negative emotions. The level of situational behavior demonstrated a similar trend: a lower control over the situation was associated with a greater emotional discomfort. However, the relationship between control and emotional comfort was not linear. The level of emotional discomfort increased following the rise in the control level.

A Qualitative Study of Psychosocial Factors in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Insights Learned From an Asian Population.

A patient's experience with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is influenced by many psychosocial contributors that can influence the impact of pain. Such factors are known to explain some of the discordance between objective clinical parameters and patient-reported levels of disability and treatment effectiveness. However, few data are available to help clinicians understand the psychosocial factors that apply to the world's many Asian populations. Insights gained from a qualitative study in such a population may support targeted interventions. In this qualitative study involving a group of Asian patients with knee OA in Singapore, we asked: (1) What psychologic factors contribute to patients' experiences, rehabilitation, and recovery? (2) What social factors contribute to patients' experiences, rehabilitation, and recovery? Semistructured interviews eliciting broad patient experiences of managing knee OA were conducted in an urban, referral-based tertiary hospital in central Singapore. Patients were recruited if they met either of the following criteria: Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥ 3 (minimum of one knee); Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score ≤ 60; or the Pain average (P), interference with Enjoyment of life (E), and interference with General activity (G) (PEG) ≥ 5. All patients had a clinical diagnosis of knee OA, were ambulatory in the community with or without a walking aid, had not undergone partial arthroplasty or TKA, were prescribed nonsurgical treatment, and were conversant in either English or Mandarin. Forty-six patients (30 women and 16 men, mean age 64 years old) were recruited for this study. A thematic analysis with elements of grounded theory and framework analysis was performed using a deductive approach. Psychologic influences specific to patients' behavioral and emotional responses to pain, as well as social factors known to have an impact on the experience of managing knee OA, were identified in the interview transcripts and coded according to established factors from earlier research. An inductive thematic analysis was then applied to the remaining transcripts to identify new themes that emerged from the data. Thematic saturation was attained when study team members agreed data and thematic sufficiency were met in the 46 transcripts. The study team discussed and deemed the 46 transcripts to contain sufficient insights for a reasonably clear understanding of the codes and development of themes to answer the study's research questions. Six main themes related to psychosocial influences on pain emerged. Psychologic factors were "loss of face" because of knee OA, anticipation and avoidance of pain and suffering, and a vicious cycle of negative emotional experiences. The social factors we identified were social and family support, workplace environment and employment uncertainty, and built environment (patients' ability to navigate manmade structures and facilities). Psychosocial factors have an important impact on patients' physical, psychologic, and social functioning. Although several of our findings have been addressed previously, the phenomenon of loss of face and the wide spectrum of social and family support dynamics found in our Asian patients with knee OA were new findings. With loss of face, patients were concerned about how others would view the change in them, including movement changes because of knee OA. They appeared to associate the use of walking canes with major disability, loss of respect, and being discriminated against by others, motivating patients to "save face" by dissociating themselves from those stigmas, even at the cost of mobility and independence. An interplay of complex cultural processes (perceived social roles and contributions to family, desire to avoid burdening family, help-seeking behavior, and the preference for unsolicited social support) underpinned by the value of collectivism impacted the behaviors and choices patients exhibited. With knowledge about the impact of culturally relevant psychosocial factors on the experience and outcomes of patients with knee OA, clinicians will be able to screen and actively explore these factors more effectively. Especially important themes include pain perception (paying close attention to signs of pain catastrophizing and negative affect), presence of chronic illness shame associated with a diagnosis of knee OA (including the stigma associated with using a walking aid), and level of social support received and contributions of a patient's built environment to kinesiophobia. For patients who are still working, the presence of workplace stressors and management of these stressors should also be explored. Where possible, screening tools that measure psychosocial factors such as pain catastrophizing and emotional distress can also be used as an added layer of screening in busy clinical settings.

INSIGHTS INTO HEALTH-RELEVANT INTERPERSONAL DYNAMICS IN AGING COUPLES FROM THE LAB AND DAILY LIFE

Abstract Emerging research demonstrates that long-term and daily health indicators are closely linked in aging partners. Yet, not much is known about exactly how partners get under each other’s skin. This symposium investigates different positive and negative interpersonal contexts, including physical intimacy, positive and negative emotional experiences, and couple conversations (e.g., conflict, recounting distressing memories, discussing enjoyable topics), and their link with neuroendocrine and cardiovascular markers. The four talks feature a variety of study designs ranging from laboratory research to ambulatory assessment methods which recruited couples in midlife and old age. Kolodziejczak et al. use ambulatory assessment data to examine links between (experienced and wished for) physical intimacy, affect, and cortisol in older couples. Pauly et al. pool data from three ambulatory assessment aging studies to analyze how own and partner positive and negative affective states are intertwined with everyday cortisol secretion in old age. Wilson et al. invited middle-aged to older couples to engage in two different conversations (recounting a difficult memory, conflict) and investigated concurrent changes in affect and cardiovascular activity. Meier and colleagues make use of automated language analysis to examine how positive and negative emotion word use during a positive and negative conversation in the laboratory relates to cardiovascular reactivity in middle-aged couples. The discussion by Christina Röcke will delineate insights gained from these four papers, discuss their strengths and limitations, and outline directions for future inquiry.

HEALTH LITERACY ACROSS PERSONALITY TRAITS AMONG OLDER ADULTS: CROSS-SECTIONAL EVIDENCE FROM SHARE

Abstract Introduction Personality traits (PTs) - Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness - are related to how older adults deal with health-related issues. However, little is known about the relationship between PTs and health literacy (HL). HL measures individuals’ ability to find, understand, appraise, and use health information to deal with health-related outcomes. Objectives: This research tries to understand better differences in HL across PTs in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 58 years and older in Switzerland. Method: Multivariable probit regressions to explore how respondents’ PTs are independently associated with HL after controlling individuals’ social, regional and health characteristics are based on a paper-and-pencil self-completion questionnaire (N= 1’555) administered as part of wave 8 (2019/2020) of SHARE in Switzerland. HL is measured using the short version of the European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16), whose scores of dichotomized responses is grouped into two categories: inadequate and adequate HL. PTs are measured with the Big-Five inventory ten (BFI-10). Results Results show that two out of five PTs are significantly associated with HL among older adults. Individuals who score higher on neuroticism and thus have a persistent tendency to experience negative emotions are more likely to have inadequate HL. More open individuals who are more prone to engage in self-examination are also more likely to have adequate HL. Conclusion These findings call for targeted interventions, such as using adjusted health or eHealth information tools that would consider individuals’ PTs when designing health policies to improve HL in the population.

W stronę medycyny psychosomatycznej. Rola wieku i cech emocjonalnych w zaburzeniach psychosomatycznych

Studying the emotional characteristics in people with psychosomatic disorders (PSD) at the early stages of disease development is a topical research area in psychosomatic medicine, as it allows clarifying the psychological mechanisms of PSD formation. This exploratory research aims to study the age features of emotional characteristics in people with and without PSD. The study was carried out on a sample of 200 people aged 18–55 ( M = 26.89; SD = 7.82) using the following questionnaires: the Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale-Short Form (PERS-S), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), the Rumination subscale from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). The results showed that the levels of stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms decrease with age. Ease/speed of activation, intensity, and duration of negative emotions, as well as rumination on stressful situations, are positively correlated with the level of stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms. With an increase in positive emotion duration, the severity of mental symptoms decreases. Compared to people aged 26–55 with or without PSD, young people aged 18–25 and especially young people with PSD have a more unfavorable psychosomatic status, which is characterized by a more explicit tendency to experience negative emotions with their higher intensity and duration. Emotion regulation difficulties at a young age (especially intensive and prolonged experience of negative emotions) may form the basis for PSD development. Correcting these difficulties at a young age may prevent PSD.

Immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases: the role of the perception of the disease and coping with it in the psychological adaptation of the patient

Objective: to analyze the subjective perception of the disease, coping behavior and adherence to treatment as parameters of psychological adaptation of patients with immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD).Patients and methods. 163 women with IIRD who were on inpatient treatment were examined: 63 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 50 with rheumatoid arthritis, and 50 with systemic scleroderma. The mean age of the patients was 34.00±17.46 years.Results and discussion. Groups of patients with different types of perception of the disease were identified: "Unformed perception of the disease" (group 1), "Positive perception of disease control" (group 2), "Negative perception of disease threat" (group 3). When comparing the three groups, it was found that in the group with an unformed perception of the disease, negative emotional experiences were less pronounced than in the other two groups. At the same time, the coping strategies "Self-control" and "Problem solving planning" were significantly higher in the group of patients who positively perceived the control of their disease.Conclusion. Psychological adaptation of patients with IIRD depends on the type of perception of the disease. The identification of two basic profiles (“Disease threat perception” and “Disease and treatment control perception”) and three types of disease perception (“Unformed type of disease perception”, “Positive perception of disease control”, “Negative perception of the disease threat”) made it possible to obtain new, more differentiated ideas about the perception of the disease, which is the target of correctional psychological work with patients suffering from IIRD.