Work Experience Research Articles

Implementation of Work Competency Certificates (WCC) for Fisherman Gas Station Construction Project Workers at PT. XYZ

In the era of globalization and intense competition in the construction sector, having a Work Competency Certificate (WCC) is crucial for project workers to meet established work safety and skill standards. This research aims to explore the causes of not having a Work Competency Certificate (WCC) by construction workers and the solution to this problem in the Fuel Filling Station for Fishermen (SPBU Nelayan) project. Qualitative descriptive methods were used in this research by collecting data through field observations, interviews and documentation. Research findings reveal that the main barriers to obtaining WCC include mismatching educational levels, lack of understanding of the importance of WCC, and lack of relevant work experience. The strategies adopted to overcome this problem include training for employee development, increasing awareness about the benefits of WCC, and implementing effective human resource management to support employee professional growth and improve work safety standards. The results of this research emphasize the importance of overcoming barriers to obtaining WCC and implementing holistic strategies in improving employee qualifications, which in turn provides benefits in the form of competitive advantage and increased job security standards.

The other side of the mountain: women’s employment and earnings over the family cycle

Abstract Women earn less than men, and that is especially true of mothers relative to fathers. Much of the widening occurs with family formation. We estimate two earnings and hours gaps: (1) that due to the ‘motherhood penalty’, which is the difference between the earnings and hours of women who are currently mothers and those who are not; and (2) that due to the ‘parental gender gap’, which is the difference in outcomes between mothers and fathers. Women with young children work far fewer hours per week than do others. But what happens on the ‘other side of the mountain’ as the children grow up and eventually leave home? The answer is that women work more hours and transition to higher earning positions. The motherhood penalty is greatly reduced, and by their 50s women with children earn just 7 log points less than those without children, given hours and work experience. But fathers manage to maintain their relative gains and do monumentally better than mothers, women without children and men without children. Fathers earn almost 7 log points more per child regardless of their age, whereas mothers lose 7 log points per child, holding hours of work and work experience constant.

Psychosocial and emotional management of work experience in palliative care nurses: A qualitative exploration.

Palliative care, a crucial aspect of healthcare, faces challenges in psychosocial and emotional management among nurses. With an increasing need for palliative services globally, addressing the emotional well-being of nurses becomes pivotal. To explore nurses' psychosocial and emotional work experiences in a palliative care department. The focus is on understanding the challenges, identifying coping strategies, and assessing the impact on professional and private life when facing those experiences. A phenomenologic-hermeneutical study involving semi-structured interviews was conducted to comprehend the lived experiences of ten nurses working in a hospital's palliative care department in Spain. Hermeneutic analysis was employed to extract patterns and insights from their experiences. The COREQ checklist was used to report this study. Palliative care nurses perceived insufficient preparation in emotional management, grappling with complex family interactions and unique work dynamics. They highlighted the significance of self-protection strategies, experience, clinical sessions, and external resources. Limited training in emotional resilience and challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as organisational barriers. Nurses expressed a desire for enhanced training and resources. The study uncovered a deficiency in the emotional preparedness of palliative care nurses, impacting their professional and personal lives. Despite positive aspects, the emotional toll necessitates attention and intervention. Comprehensive emotional training for palliative care nurses, addressing barriers, providing resources, and acknowledging emotional labour is necessary. Reinstating paused training sessions and considering specific challenges like those posed by the pandemic are vital. Supporting nurses in their professional and private lives is crucial for sustaining quality care in palliative care departments.

Understanding the awareness of health and safety signs amongst health care workers in Pakistan - A cross-sectional study.

Safety signs are very important communication tools for accident prevention, fire safety, health hazard information, and emergency evacuation. However, they are helpful only when properly designed and understood by employees. The purpose of the present study was to assess the awareness of health and safety signs amongst health care workers including doctors, dentists and paramedics in different health care sectors across Pakistan. Data was collected via Google forms circulated through WhatsApp social media to predetermined groups of health care professionals to assess their understanding of safety signs across different health sectors. The survey included questions pertaining to awareness of 19 different health and safety signs complied with International Organization for Standardization 1710 and the Safety Signs and Signal Regulations 1996 chosen randomly. A total of 987 people participated in our study and were asked to comprehend the meaning of nineteen health and safety signs. The mean comprehension score for 19 signs was 42.2%. The mean score for warning signs was the lowest and fire safety signs was highest. The lowest comprehension scores were for oxygen cylinder sign (W029) 7.5% and highest for first aid sign (E003) 75.9%. Only two signs, that are first aid (E003) and mandatory gloves (M009) had acceptable comprehensive score of 75.9% and 73.7% respectively as per ISO 7010 i.e. >67%. Statistically significant differences were found only for trip hazard sign (W007) with respect to education and for risks of bomb explosion (W002), ionising radiation (W009), evacuation assembly point (E007), location of automated external heart defibrillator (E010) and mandatory gloves (M009) with work experience. Based on our results, we conclude that there is dire need of special and frequent training to better recognize the safety signs amongst health care employees since these kinds of interventions promote early detection of hazards and their associated risks. Thus, we propose that health care safety sign training must be included in every health care profession curriculum.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant women in Milan, Italy: A qualitative study involving key informants working in third sector organizations and public hospitals

Migrants and women were among the groups most adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic global disaster. Through an intersectional lens that considers both migrant and female identities, it can be inferred that migrant women were particularly vulnerable to the pandemic. This study aims to investigate the impact of the pandemic on migrant women living in Milan (North-West Italy), by leveraging on the accounts of a pool of key informants (KIs). We performed an in-depth retrospective qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to explore the perspectives of KIs working in third sector organizations and public hospitals. After conducting an extensive mapping of organizations with experience working with migrants providing health, social, and/or administrative services during the pandemic, 28 KIs working in seven organizations were recruited. Interviews were transcribed and inductively analyzed. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing vulnerability factors affecting migrant women by triggering several cascading effects. The shutdown of services further marginalized them and hindered their regularization and empowerment path. Migrant women's financial situation was significantly impacted, as in most instances they had informal and gendered jobs. Caregivers and sex workers were the sub-groups most adversely affected by the pandemic. Episodes of gender-based violence appeared to rise, while requests for assistance declined. Accessing the vaccination campaign posed challenges for many migrant women, who at times tended to be skeptical about it. Third sector organizations, despite being confronted with several challenges, proved to be resilient during the pandemic and managed to find alternative methods to support migrant women, often filling institutional gaps.

Joining forces: Developing a smoking prevention intervention in social work organisations through co-creation with adolescents and youth workers

BackgroundAdolescents experiencing societal vulnerability confront a higher risk of smoking initiation, thereby perpetuating health disparities. To develop a smoking prevention intervention tailored to these adolescents, employing a participatory approach such as co-creation with adolescents and key stakeholders can ensure alignment with their needs. Navigating a co-creation process, especially concerning a sensitive topic like smoking, remains uncharted territory in existing literature, particularly when engaging with hard-to-reach youth. ObjectiveThis paper describes the co-creative process underpinning the KickAsh!-intervention, a smoking prevention program involving youth workers and 10–15-year-olds experiencing societal vulnerability. MethodsFour youth workers (Mage = 23.75 ± 0.96 years) and nine adolescents (Mage = 13.56 ± 0.73 years) from two social work organisations in Ghent, Belgium, participated in an eight-month co-creation trajectory together with two academic researchers and one design thinking specialist. The Double Diamond Model (DDM) and the Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP) facilitated this trajectory. The objectives and working methods from each co-creation session are described. ResultsThe outcomes of each co-creation session and how these findings have shaped the development of the KickAsh!-intervention – a comprehensive website consisting of materials developed in collaboration with youth workers and adolescents – are described. ConclusionThis paper emphasises the value of prioritising participatory designs (such as DDM) structured by a theory- and evidence-based framework for intervention development (such as IMP). This approach enabled us to devise intervention strategies rooted in the lived experiences of adolescents and youth workers, ensuring practicality within the given context. The developed KickAsh!-intervention closely aligns with the preferences of both adolescents and youth workers. It prioritises creative elements informed by theory and scientific evidence with the expectation of achieving impact. However, further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the KickAsh!-intervention.

Key Factors Affecting the Success of Construction Multi Project Management

Simultaneous management of multiple projects has become a trend in the field of energy, oil and gas construction project management over the past decade. This situation is driven by the high market demand and need for fossil fuels, which also stresses project management discipline to improve its performance and efficiency in managing multiple projects simultaneously. Nevertheless, concurrent execution of multiple construction projects often leads to stretched the project durations and cost due to suboptimal resource management, which may become a boomerang and increase project costs. The objective of this study is to identify factors and indicators that contribute to the successful management of multiple projects. Although multi-project management has been extensively studied, there is still a dearth of studies analyzing the elements that make construction multi-project management successful, particularly in the energy, oil, and gas sectors. This research is a case study of an EPCIC company that uses multi-project management and operates in the oil and gas sector. Through purposive sampling techniques, a total of 58 executives from national oil and gas contractors with significant work experience participated in this study through a questionnaire survey. The PLS-SEM approach has revealed that the positive predictor factors influencing the success/performance of multi-project management are resource allocation, teamwork quality, multi-project management competency, and project manager assignment. Flexible and intelligent resource allocation management in multi-project cycles affected by uncertainty is a critical factor.

What is the Scope and Contribution of Lived Experience in Social Work? A Scoping Review

What is the Scope and Contribution of Lived Experience in Social Work? A Scoping Review

Experiences of healthcare workers who faced physical workplace violence from patients or their relatives in Nepal: a qualitative study

IntroductionWorkplace violence (WPV) against healthcare workers (HCWs) has become a global concern. Our aim was to investigate the firsthand experience of HCWs who faced physical WPV from patients or their...

Bridging gaps, building futures: evaluating a multinational’s employment programme vs. work-first for youth with diverse education levels

ABSTRACT In the Netherlands, public work-first support tends to cause unemployed young people to exit into primarily non-standard jobs. A worldwide-renowned Dutch company, Royal Philips, has offered since the mid-1980s a two-year lasting work experience and vocational training programme to long-term unemployed youth as an alternative to public work-first support. This quasi-experimental study uses data from the company programme's participants and national longitudinal register data for the matched control group receiving public work-first support. The present study observes the employment impact of this private company's employment programme compared to the public programme for inadequately skilled youth (aged 16–35) by education level. Participants’ employment levels are compared with a carefully matched public work first-subjected control group up to a maximum of ten years later. Fixed-effects panel regression models show that, due to its upskilling and work experience features, the employment programme positively affects sustained wage-fitted employment over ten years compared with the control group subjected to public work-first support. The programme's employment effect associated with upskilling is achieved notably with low-educated participants who received vocational training. In contrast, participating high-educated young people seem to profit from human capital and signalling effects.

Contextualising the investigation work in China: the facilitators and barriers in using mobile phone evidence

ABSTRACT Despite the huge quantity of potentially relevant data on crimes, victims, and offenders generated by and associated with technologies such as smartphones, evidence suggests these are rarely used in court proceedings. Moreover, while empirical findings suggest that techniques for analysing digital trace evidence have outstripped the abilities of investigators to interpret it, there is a lack of research on the specific challenges and potential solutions for upskilling police officers to handle digital evidence. This study seeks to identify facilitators and barriers for investigators interpreting mobile phone evidence generated during criminal investigations in China. Based on interviews with 29 frontline investigators regarding their working experience and perceptions, findings illustrate that although Chinese legislation grants investigators access to and legitimacy in retaining mobile phone data and applying it as admissible evidence, and despite the acknowledged importance of this data, investigators often lack the capability to interpret it. The lack of functional techniques for efficiently reviewing and analysing data is identified as a barrier. But more importantly, unfamiliarity with technological innovations in criminal activities hinders investigators’ capabilities to understand the generation and meaning of mobile phone data within the context of the investigation.

Barriers to, and Facilitators of, Checking Drugs for Adulterants in the Era of Fentanyl and Xylazine: Qualitative Study.

Overdose deaths continue to reach new records in New York City and nationwide, largely driven by adulterants such as fentanyl and xylazine in the illicit drug supply. Unknowingly consuming adulterated substances dramatically increases risks of overdose and other health problems, especially when individuals consume multiple adulterants and are exposed to a combination of drugs they did not intend to take. Although test strips and more sophisticated devices enable people to check drugs for adulterants including fentanyl and xylazine prior to consumption and are often available free of charge, many people who use drugs decline to use them. We sought to better understand why people in the New York City area do or do not check drugs before use. We plan to use study findings to inform the development of technology-based interventions to encourage consistent drug checking. In summer 2023, team members who have experience working with people who use drugs conducted 22 semistructured qualitative interviews with a convenience sample of people who reported illicit drug use within the past 90 days. An interview guide examined participants' knowledge of and experience with adulterants including fentanyl, xylazine, and benzodiazepines; using drug testing strips; and whether they had ever received harm reduction services. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for emerging themes. Most participants lacked knowledge of adulterants, and only a few reported regularly checking drugs. Reasons for not checking included lacking convenient access to test supplies, or a place to check samples out of the public's view, as well as time considerations. Some participants also reported a strong belief that they were not at risk from fentanyl, xylazine, or other adulterants because they exclusively used cocaine or crack, or that they were confident the people they bought drugs from would not sell them adulterated substances. Those who did report testing their drugs described positive interactions with harm reduction agency staff. New forms of outreach are needed not only to increase people's knowledge of adulterated substances and awareness of the increasing risks they pose but also to encourage people who use drugs to regularly check their substances prior to use. This includes new intervention messages that highlight the importance of drug checking in the context of a rapidly changing and volatile drug supply. This messaging can potentially help normalize drug checking as an easily enacted behavior that benefits public health. To increase effectiveness, messages can be developed with, and outreach can be conducted by, trusted community members including people who use drugs and, potentially, people who sell drugs. Pairing this messaging with access to no-cost drug-checking supplies and equipment may help address the ongoing spiral of increased overdose deaths nationwide.

Immersive Transmedia Storytelling and Embodied Urban Experiences of Psychogeographical Works

Immersive Transmedia Storytelling and Embodied Urban Experiences of Psychogeographical Works

The same only different: precarious workers’ perceptions of their treatment in COVID-19 times

PurposeOur core aim was to explore the perceptions of precarious workers on the ways in which the pandemic impacted their relationships with their employing organizations and to explore the ways in which they viewed the pandemic as (re)shaping the dynamics of precarious work and the extent to which they saw the pandemic as contributing to substantive improvement in their working lives or whether the pandemic is exacerbating their marginalisation.Design/methodology/approachWe adopted an approach akin to grounded theory in an exploratory research design and utilized in-depth, semi-structured interviews as the most apposite method of data collection. Our research design centred on a two-phase data collection approach, which were intended to gather data at two points. First, during the most difficult part of the pandemic, which we describe as the “Lockdown phase” and second, during the period wherein the pandemic rules were eased but elements of the risks remained; the “New Normal phase”.FindingsThis article reports the findings of a longitudinal study of the reflections and interpretations of precarious workers on the impacts of the pandemic on their relationships with their employing organizations. We supply findings across three periods – pre-the COVID-19 pandemic, during the pandemic lockdown phase and post-lockdowns in the “new normal phase”.Research limitations/implicationsThe first contribution of the study is the importance of “voice” and giving voice to workers in nontraditional, fragmented and marginalised employment. Our study builds on these contributions by exploring the journeys of precarious workers and is particularly valuable in that we explore the perceptions of these workers across the societal, organizational and employment/working turbulence of the pandemic. The second contribution arises from the insights developed through studying the working lives and experiences of precarious workers longitudinally rather than in a single, snapshot fashion. A third contribution centres on how precarious workers felt they were treated by others during both the two phases of the study. The insights here are complex and, in parts, contradictory – reflecting the interpretations and conflicted opinions/deeds of those connected with precarious workers.Originality/valueIt is particularly important for scholars to understand the ways in which the pandemic shaped (or reshaped) the dynamics of precarious work and to understand whether the evolving conceptions of the centrality of such workers as “essential” during the pandemic (Crane and Matten, 2021) contributed to substantive or merely illusory, improvements in their working lives. Thus, we analyse the reflections of precarious workers on changes to their working lives that are linked to the pandemic.

Early-career general practitioners’ career intentions in Estonia: A qualitative study

Background The shortage of general practitioners (GPs) is a worsening problem in many countries and poses a threat to the services provided by primary care and by extension for the entire healthcare system. Issues with GP workforce recruitment and retention can be reasons for this shortage. Objectives To describe GP trainees and newly qualified GPs experiences and perceptions on how their training and early experiences of work influence their career intentions in primary care in Estonia. Methods A qualitative study with GP trainees (n = 12) and newly qualified GPs (n = 13) using semi-structured group interviews (n = 6) was conducted. Interviews were conducted from October until November 2020. Data were analysed using thematic analysis with NVivo Software. Results Although early-career GPs in Estonia envision their future roles as GP practice owners with patient list, this is often postponed due to various reasons. Early-career GPs expressed a sense of unpreparedness to fill all the roles of GPs’ and found the process of establishing a GP practice and taking on a patient lists very complicated. They value work-life balance and prefer workplaces, which offer flexible working conditions. Conclusion Potential strategies were identified to enhance the willingness of early-career GPs to continue their career as GP practice owners with patient list: improving the GP training program by placing more emphasis on managing skills and making the process of establishing GP practice and taking on a patient list less bureaucratic and more accessible.

The knowledge, attitude and behavior on the palliative care among neonatal nurses: what can we do

BackgroundNeonatal nurses should provide timely and high-quality palliative care whenever necessary. It’s necessary to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of palliative care among neonatal nurses, to provide references and evidences for clinical palliative care.MethodsNeonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses in a tertiary hospital of China were selected from December 1 to 16, 2022. The palliative care knowledge, attitude and behavior questionnaire was used to evaluate the current situation of palliative nursing knowledge, attitude and behavior of NICU nurses. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results122 nurses were finally included. The average score of knowledge in neonatal nurses was 7.68 ± 2.93, the average score of attitude was 26.24 ± 7.11, the score of behavior was 40.55 ± 8.98, the average total score was 74.03 ± 10.17. Spearman correlation indicated that score of knowledge, attitude and behavior of palliative care in neonatal nurses were correlated with the age(r = 0.541), year of work experience(r = 0.622) and professional ranks and titles(r = 0.576) (all P < 0.05). Age (OR = 1.515, 95%CI: 1.204 ~ 1.796), year of work experience (OR = 2.488, 95%CI: 2.003 ~ 2.865) and professional ranks and titles (OR = 2.801, 95%CI: 2.434 ~ 3.155) were the influencing factors of score of knowledge, attitude and behavior of palliative care (all P < 0.05).Public contributionNICU nurses have a positive attitude towards palliative care, but the practical behavior of palliative care is less and lack of relevant knowledge. Targeted training should be carried out combined with the current situation of knowledge, attitude and practice of NICU nurses to improve the palliative care ability and quality of NICU nurses.

International Project Management – Another Challenge for Librarians. How Well Prepared Are We for This? A Case Study of the TRAIN4EU Project

The European Universities Initiative (EUI) was established in 2017. Its aim is to strengthen strategic partnerships between higher education institutions across the EU by building networks of universities. At the end of 2023, there were already 50 European University Alliances gathering 430 higher education (HE) institutions. In each of these Alliances, academic libraries are members, too. These libraries are already involved in intra-alliance projects, and these alliances will probably happen more often due to the EU’s project-driven approach. This practice paper is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first attempt to describe another challenge that European academic libraries currently face i.e., project management practice. The alliance partner universities operate under distinct national laws and institutional practices, making it challenging to easily align them for effective cross-university collaborations. Familiarity with the theoretical principles of EU project management and project management methodology greatly facilitates the preparation of the proposal and the work of the project. It also allows more effective management of the project as a whole or its individual parts. This paper maps the challenges that work in international projects brings and provides suggestions on how EUI libraries can utilize project management techniques, while also aiming at showing the paths to facilitate cooperation. Drawing from an analysis of the literature on project management that might apply in library-led projects to strengthen communities of purpose, the paper is based on the example of the work experience on the project TRAIN4EU, that was co-led by the academic librarians from the University of Warsaw Library, Poland, and run by 4EU + universities. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations based on TRAIN4EU practices, lessons learned, as well as pitfalls to avoid.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Food Handlers from Greater Cairo, Egypt

Abstract Background Foodborne illnesses caused by intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are among the major health problems especially in developing countries. Food handlers play an important role in transmission of IPI during manufacturing, processing, handling, and serving of foodstuff. Objectives The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of IPIs among food handlers in Greater Cairo, Egypt and their associated risk factors. Methodology A cross sectional study was designed whereby 250 food handlers attending four provision health offices from different governorates of Greater Cairo were examined. The demographic data, job title and position, health certification as well as risk factors that might increase the transmission of IPIs were collected in a pre-designed questionnaire. Stool samples were collected from all participants and examined by direct wet/iodine mounts, formol diethyl acetate and modified Ziehl_Neelsen staining techniques. Results 65 food handlers (26%) were found to have IPIs. The commonest parasites detected were Entamoeba histolytica (24.6%), Entamoeba coli (20%), Blastocystis hominis (16.9%), Giardia intestinalis (12.3%), followed by Enterobius vermicularis (10.8 %), Ascaris lumbricoides (7.7 %) and Schistosoma mansoni (3.1%). Higher, statistically significant (P &amp;lt; 0.001), prevalence of IPIs was found among food handlers from rural areas, having low educational levels, not having previous health certificates and among those working in popular restaurants and those having poor personal hand hygienic measures. While no differences in prevalence of IPIs was found regarding age, sex, and work experience duration. Conclusion It was concluded that implementation of governmental policies ensuring routine medical checkup and continuous professional training and education of food handlers are essential for prevention of IPIs among food handlers.

Providing sexual health care for international students in Australia: a qualitative study of a general practice team approach.

Background Provision of culturally responsive sexual health care for international students is important, given the large numbers of international students in Australia and known lower levels of health literacy among this cohort. Team-based care in general practice has the potential to provide this care. Methods A qualitative study that developed and evaluated a team-based model of care for female, Mandarin-speaking, international students in a university-based general practice. The model involved patients attending a consultation with a Mandarin-speaking nurse with advanced skills in sexual health who provided education and preventive health advice, followed by a consultation with a GP. Evaluation of the model explored patient and healthcare worker experiences using a survey and a focus group of patients, and interviews with healthcare workers. Data were analysed using a general inductive approach. Results The consultation model was evaluated with 12 patients and seven GPs. Five patients participated in a focus group following the consultation. Survey results showed high levels of patient satisfaction with the model. This was confirmed via the focus group findings. Healthcare workers found the model useful for providing sexual health care for this cohort of patients and were satisfied with the team approach to patient care. Conclusions A team-based approach to providing sexual health care for international students was satisfactory to patients, GPs and the practice nurse. The challenge is providing this type of model in Australian general practice under the current funding model.

NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES REGARDING PATIENT SAFETY AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO IT

Patient safety is a critical aspect of healthcare, and nurses' knowledge and attitudes play a vital role in ensuring safety standards are maintained. Understanding the factors influencing nurses' knowledge and attitudes can help develop strategies to improve patient safety. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding patient safety and identify factors influencing these aspects. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nursing Department of a tertiary care hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. A total of 330 full-time nurses were included in the study. Data were collected using a pre-tested 53-item questionnaire available in both English and Urdu. The questionnaire comprised four sections: demographics (age, sex, qualification, and work experience), knowledge about patient safety, attitudes toward patient safety, and factors associated with knowledge and attitude. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors significantly associated with good knowledge and attitudes, with a p-value of &lt;0.05 considered significant. Results: Regarding patient safety knowledge, 49% of nurses had good knowledge, with a mean score of 67.2%. The mean attitude score was 62.4%, and 57% (95% CI: 52.6-60) of participants demonstrated good attitudes towards patient safety. Factors significantly associated with good knowledge included age, qualification, work experience, and prior education and training about patient safety (p&lt;0.05). Age and previous education and training about patient safety were significantly associated with good attitude (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that while nurses exhibited moderate knowledge, their attitudes toward patient safety were generally favorable. More years of work experience, higher education, and training significantly contributed to better knowledge and attitudes. Implementing targeted educational and training programs can further enhance nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward patient safety.