Expectations Of Various Stakeholders Research Articles

Enacting anti-bullying procedures in dynamic school environments: insights from primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland

ABSTRACT This paper explores how primary school principals in the Republic of Ireland engage with the Anti-Bullying Procedures for Primary and Post-Primary Schools (DES 2013b). Informed by theoretical literature on policy enactment, the paper illustrates the complex, context-dependent process of enactment. Through qualitative interviews with ten primary school principals, the research uncovers the challenges they face in enacting standardised anti-bullying procedures in their unique school environments. The findings highlight the crucial role of principals in cultivating a positive school culture and managing the expectations of various stakeholders, including parents and teachers. Although distributed leadership is encouraged, the paper reveals that principals often carry the primary burden of responsibility, leading to feelings of isolation and significant pressure. Additionally, the research identifies considerable gaps in teacher education and professional learning. The paper advocates for more flexible, context-sensitive policies that provide better support for school leaders and recommends improved professional learning, shared leadership, and parental engagement to enhance the effectiveness of anti-bullying efforts. As the Department of Education in Ireland revises its anti-bullying procedures, this paper offers critical insights that can guide the development of more effective, supportive policies tailored to the complex realities faced by school leaders.

Costos en la gestión ambiental: camino necesario a la sostenibilidad

Around the world, the importance of preserving the natural environment has been recognized, which has led to an increase in the expectations of various stakeholders involved. This process has driven the orientation that prioritizes sustainability. In this situation, the objective of this article is to promote environmental accounting as a necessary tool for environmental management, both in the business environment and on a global scale. The study consists of an exhaustive systematic review with a qualitative approach at a descriptive level through the review of scientific articles, consulted in databases such as: Scopus, Google academic, Scielo, Mendeley, among others. It is concluded that environmental management together with environmental accounting as a necessary tool to achieve sustainable development benefit society, the environment and the company in terms of promoting sustainability, corporate social responsibility, decision making, efficiency and competitive advantage.

Professionalization of action sports: field- and organizational-level professionalization of new Olympic sports

The inclusion of action sports in the Olympic Games and gaining popularity may necessitate a professionalization of the associated sports organizations to effectively tackle the challenges and meet the expectations of various stakeholders. This study explores the professionalization of action sports newly included in the Olympics by focusing on skateboarding and surfing in South Korea. Data for this study included semi-structured interviews with key individuals (n = 17) and archival materials. The findings indicate that Olympic inclusion triggered the sports’ professionalization at the field- and organizational-levels. There were changes in the institutional environment for the sports at the field-level, and the sports’ central organizations underwent structural and procedural changes. This research provides implications to action sports organizations and stakeholders, especially those in countries where action sports are less popular, who wish to leverage the Olympic inclusion of their sports as an opportunity to establish a more professionalized system for sports.

Studi Literatur Kritis Risiko Reputasi pada Manajemen Risiko Perbankan Syariah

Reputation is the most important intangible asset owned by a bank. Reputation reflects the success of the bank in meeting the expectations of various stakeholders. Creating reputation is a key element of organizational strategy, especially banking. Any important issues related to the operations of Islamic banks, whether in terms of non-compliance with Sharia financial products or customer complaints, can damage the reputation of Sharia banks. This study aims to analyze the determinants of reputation risk and its impact on Islamic banking and how to implement reputation risk management in Islamic banking. This study uses a literature study approach to answer the research objectives, while the analytical technique used in this study is content analysis. Thus, Islamic banks are expected to pay more attention to reputation risk management.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ РЕПУТАЦИИ ВУЗА В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

In the era of digital transformation not only the commercial en- terprises business models are changing but also the universities ones, in par- ticular, their communication activities change. The article studies the current approaches of higher education institutions to forming a positive business rep- utation and managing reputational risks in the digital media field. It defines the expectations of various stakeholders from the activities of higher education institutions and also considers what universities expect from interaction with partners. Possible points of contact with target audiences are looked into, tak- ing into account such concepts as mission, brand, image and reputation of the university. The activity of several leading foreign universities in the Internet- environment, including social networks, as well as some other tools to form the reputation of the university are reviewed. It was found that despite the im- portance and prevalence of social networks in the world’s leading universities, they are not the only point of contact with target audiences and do not have a decisive role in shaping the reputation of the university. In particular, it was determined what important role publishing and library activities play for the image of the university. The reputational risks of universities in the digital age are also viewed. The article defines the necessity of marketing approach to the evaluation and formation of the university reputation.

Public Listing and Corporate Social Responsibility from a Sustainability Risk Management Perspective

The current global economic development faces social and environmental challenges, such as climate change and environmental pollution, which requires firms to be more socially responsible. Due to the fast-growing corporate social responsibility (CSR) consciousness and concerns of individual investors in the stock market, the newly listed firms are likely to face greater legitimacy pressure from stakeholders in China. This institutional environment is quite suitable to explore how public listing influences firms' CSR performance and its potential mechanism. Using a sample of Chinese IPO firms for the years 2012-2016 and a multiple regression model controlling firm fixed effect and time fixed effect, we find that there is a significant and sustained increase in CSR performance after IPO. Further analyses also show that this increase in CSR performance is more pronounced in heavily polluting industries, especially at firms that are covered by more securities analysts, and more media. Overall, these findings suggest that CSR can be served as an instrument to manage sustainable development risk for IPO firms to meet the social and environmental expectations of various stakeholders. By highlighting the prominent role that public listing plays in firms’ CSR decisions, this study draws the regulator’s attention to promoting sustainable economic development in other developing countries like China, which lack mature CSR culture and institutional environment.

The Organization of Nature Conservation in State-Owned Forests in Poland and Expectations of Polish Stakeholders

Research Highlights: The presented findings result from the first large-scale research conducted in Poland in relation to the State Forests—the most important place for the protection of Polish nature. They may constitute an important contribution to the improvement of the nature conservation system. Background and Objectives: The current model of organization of nature conservation in the State Forests in Poland is not fully effective. In regard to the growing influence of society on nature protection and the need to improve the existing system of nature conservation, this study poses the question: what are the expectations of various stakeholders as for the organization of nature conservation in the State Forests? The aim of the article is to present these expectations, to broadly discuss them, and to present recommendations for the future. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted in 2013, among 41 various stakeholder groups in Poland. The choice of the surveyed groups was determined by their legal competence and/or practical experience in nature conservation in the State Forests. Results: A total of 77.9% of the respondents supported the concept of transferring full responsibility for nature conservation to foresters, while 51.1% supported financing of nature conservation tasks exclusively by the State Forests. In total, 46.8% of respondents believed that foresters should determine the principles and methods of nature conservation. The presented expectations of the Polish stakeholders differ from the current real situation, however, they still cannot be considered as a complete solution. Conclusions: The results indicate a need for a broader discussion and perhaps, consequently, a reorganization of the functioning of nature conservation in state-owned forests in Poland, considering the social expectations and trust in foresters. This can be inspiring also for other countries with a high proportion of state-owned forests.

Role clarity, role conflict, and vitality at work: The role of the basic needs.

This study aimed to provide new information on the relationships between vitality at work and role clarity, role conflict, and psychological basic need satisfaction. Participants of the cross-sectional study were 110 employees in a preventive intervention program. Associations between the focal constructs were examined with regression and bootstrapping analyses. The results suggest that the role clarity is associated with subjective vitality at work through higher autonomy and higher competence, and that role conflict is negatively associated with subjective vitality at work through lower autonomy and lower relatedness. Additionally, an interaction between the role characteristics was observed, suggesting that the strength of the association between role clarity and competence, and the strength of the indirect association between role clarity and vitality through competence may vary depending on the level of role conflict. The findings are consistent with the notion that that managers and co-workers may affect the opportunities of individuals to achieve need satisfaction and feel energized by delineating and negotiating role-related factors at work. Need satisfaction, in turn, is an antecedent of well-being and motivation. Employees should feel able to clarify role ambiguities with their supervisor or co-workers and thus reduce the role conflicts imposed by the expectations of various stakeholders. Limitations of the study include the self-rating methodology, cross-sectional design, and properties of the sample restricting generalizability.

Bringing Contracted Services Back in by Local Governments: An Exploratory Study

In recent decades, local governments have contracted out a variety of public services to private for-profit organizations in pursuit of greater efficiency and effectiveness. Yet, involving the private sector in public service delivery may not lead to desired outcomes and meet expectations of various stakeholders, such as service users, community members, and government officials. As a result, governments sometimes opt to internalize the delivery of public services previously contracted out to private providers. Based on interviews with local government officials from New Jersey, located in the Northeastern United States, this study explores which services have been returned to local governments, the rationales behind those decisions, their resulting advantages and disadvantages, and what lessons public officials have learned from those experiences. Major findings of the study that provide new insights into the practice of bringing contracted public services back in government have been summarized in six propositions.

Global Reporting Initiatives: A Study of Environmental Accounting Practices in Indian Electric Companies

Financial reporting pattern is changing rapidly over time because of ever changing expectations of various stakeholders regarding both financial and non-financial performance of an organisation. Today along with financial performance disclosure, non-financial performance disclosure is also getting equal importance so we can see the debate on Integrated Reporting across the world. India is one of the fastest growing countries and having high interest of foreign investors, this naturally creates the necessity of meeting the information needs of international community. The present paper emphasizes on analysing the level of environmental disclosure made by the Indian electric utility companies. For this purpose, a sample of 5 companies have been selected among top 12 companies based on random sampling method and data collected through sustainability reports of the selected companies from2012-13 to 2016-17. Collected data has been analysed through content analysis, descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test and disclosure index. Finally, the study concludes that there is a significant difference in environmental disclosure and the GRI guidelines.

Doing well by doing good — CSR in a global context

Motivation: Nowadays, there is a general understanding that stakeholders are crucial for the successful enterprise. There is also a need to think about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in a global context. Never before corporations enjoyed so much power and authority. Corporations need to evolve, re-think their strategies and change their processes accordingly. However, as of now, there is no agreed way of measuring overall sustainability of actions of each company. There is a great need for holistic studies of CSR, analyzing in details the value created, from stakeholders point of view. Aim: This paper is an attempt to propose a way of looking at corporate social responsibility in line with current methodologies and frameworks focusing on value creation. Currently there is no one definition of global CSR to be used, nor there is one comprehensive methodology to describe it. Instead there is abundance of theories and frameworks. This paper proposes one definition and presents a method of analysis of the global corporate commitment to CSR approach. The main concern of this paper is to offer an insight into different ways companies can create value for various stakeholders groups. Results: Conducted analysis indicated that products companies are aware of needs and expectations of various stakeholders and are good at meeting them. Although assessed companies managed to link sustainability with their strategies, they did not achieve transforming sustainability into core of their business.

The Australian Managed Entry Scheme: Are We Getting it Right?

In 2010, the Australian Government introduced the managed entry scheme (MES) to improve patient access to subsidised drugs on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and enhance the quality of evidence provided to decision makers. The aim of this paper was to critically review the Australian MES experience. We performed a comprehensive review of publicly available Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee online documents from January 2010 to July 2017. Relevant information on each MES agreement was systematically extracted, including its rationale, the conditions that guided its implementation and its policy outcomes. We identified 11 drugs where an MES was considered. Most of the identified drugs (75%) were antineoplastic agents and the main uncertainty was the overall survival benefit. More than half of the MES proposals were made by sponsors and most of the schemes were considered after previous rejected/deferred submissions for reimbursement. An MES was not established in 8 of 11 drugs (73%) despite the high evidence uncertainty. Nevertheless, six of these eight drugs were listed after the sponsors reduced their prices. Three MESs were established and implemented by Deeds of Agreement. The three cases were concluded and the required data were submitted within the agreed time frames. The need for feasibility and value of an MES should be carefully considered by stakeholders before embarking on such an agreement. It is essential to engage major stakeholders, including patient representatives, in this process. The conditions governing MESs should be clear, transparent and balanced to address the expectations of various stakeholders.

Network organizations and corporate social responsibility

Network organizations largely determine the competitive advantage today. Collaboration between companies and their success is based primarily on the image and trust. The network relations management is included in the supply chain, and the more complicated the chain, the more " fuzzy " the responsibility for the external effects of the business. In practice, network relationships result in numerous abuses, mostly in relations with competitors, customers and clients. However, it can be assumed that increasing competition, also on the Polish market, will force companies to apply socially responsible practices, also in the context of cooperating with local enterprises. The concept of corporate responsibility (CSR – Corporate Social Responsibility) is, in Polish conditions, a relatively unpopular concept, and the rare practice, especially among domestic enterprises. The situation is different on the Western Europe markets or in the USA. Companies operating in these markets are obliged to adapt the business standards to expectations of various stakeholders, and also contractors. The aim of the article is an attempt to justify the socially responsible practices by companies in today's and future market conditions. In addition, the article aims to describe network connections, different types of these relations, but also various methods and tools of improving existing network relations. In the context of socially responsible business, it seemed important to also analyze the relationships between organizational culture and actual practices taken by companies.

SWOT-AHP Approach for Sustainable Manufacturing Strategy Selection: A Case of Indian SME

Manufacturing firms are facing growing internal and external pressures to adopt manufacturing and supply chain strategies that fulfil the expectations of various stakeholders in value chain. Literature highlights that despite positive relationship between firm performance and sustainable development strategies, manufacturing industry, particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs), are slow to adopt sustainable practices. Researchers highlight that the inability to identify and prioritize critical factors for strategy formulation and implementation is the main reason that inhibits SMEs to accrue the sustainability-related benefits. This article presents a combination of strength, weakness, opportunities and threats analysis and analytic hierarchy process for identifying and prioritizing critical sustainable manufacturing and supply chain factors by an Indian metal recycling medium-size firm. After assigning priority rankings to the shortlisted strategies, company was able to select and deploy highly successful strategy for improving sustainable business performance.

How a BI-wise Responsible Integrated Management System May Support Food Traceability

Food manufacturers are required to meet certain traceability specifications. This research aims at underscoring the relevant needs and expectations of various stakeholders across the entire food supply chain. In this context, firms' decisions on resource allocation and risk mitigation overlap several domains, such as quality, safety, environment, social responsibility and information. Business Intelligence (BI) platforms are specifically conceived to support analytical decision making by providing a centralised view on multiple distributed data sources. However, BI solutions are usually deployed within a single organization, whilst traceability involves multiple actors with potentially divergent interests and diverse levels of willingness to participate. Along this line of thought, integration of management systems within a company and throughout the overall supply chain is suggested to meet the emerging managerial challenges. After a detailed survey of integrated management systems (IMSs) in food traceability contexts, this research proposes a BI-wise solution using the IMS overarching approach and investigates its success conditions.

Development of Social Responsibility Evaluation Framework of Construction Projects: A Multi-stakeholders Perspective

When performing social responsibility (SR), international contractors can be embraced by project stakeholders, and thus, a sustainable development of construction projects can be attained. However, construction projects involve multiple stakeholders; thus, balancing the interests of all stakeholders is difficult for construction firms. Therefore, an effective rule for decisions related to SR behaviors is important for strategic management of stakeholders. Scholars perform SR studies from various perspectives, emphasizing on corporate management and developing different evaluation systems accordingly. Nonetheless, most of these studies obtain feedbacks from the perspective of general contractors without incorporating the expectations of various stakeholders, and thus, the interpretation can potentially lead to social desirability bias. This study proposes a development framework considering the expectations of various stakeholders for evaluating SR performance. First, global SR metrics were solicited from standards, codes, and legislations. Second, stakeholders were classified, and the metrics were assigned accordingly. A survey questionnaire was distributed to various stakeholders, and responses regarding construction projects were also provided. Third, metrics were selected using the rough set theory and compared with pre-selected metrics with inputs from general contractors. Fourth, an SR evaluation framework consisting of 37 issues was proposed for construction companies to provide guidance for construction corporations to effectively perform SR at the project level. Lastly, a case study was also performed to validate the effectiveness of this framework.

Prioritizing Quality of Product and Service Dimensions With Respect to a Product-Service System in the Public Transport Sector

The purpose of this paper is to propose and demonstrate a method to evaluate product-service system (PSS) offerings based on the quality of product and service dimensions through the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). Drawing from the attention- based view, product and service dimensions from literature, this study proposes a framework to prioritize quality dimensions using the FAHP method. The study uses data collected from public transport providers and their equipment suppliers. It gets priority vectors of product and service dimensions for three PSSs — product-related, use-related, and result-related contract. The study finds some dimensions more relevant for the product-related, use-related, and results-related contract and recommends accordingly. The method considers the expectations of various stakeholders and provides a strategic quality management perspective while designing the PSS offering considering an example from public transportation.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, ETHICS, SIZE, RETAINED EARNINGS AND DEBTS: THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SHAREHOLDER VALUE OF FIRMS IN NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE

Traditionally, Corporations exist primarily to maximize shareholders wealth (Berle & Means,1932; Kapoor,2006; Stout, 2012; Friedman, 1962).The struggle for Corporations to maximize profits have taken centre stage in recent years. This has led to increased use by Corporations of various practices to meet the expectations of various stakeholders / shareholders. This study investigates the relationship between corporate ethics, governance, retained earnings, debts and sizes and shareholder value (EPS) of firms listed on NSE. The results of the study should assist Corporate CEOs and Executives make informed use of the Corporate Practices in furthering corporate objectives. A Survey of staffs of 33 Kenyan Firms listed on NSE revealed that there is significant correlation between these practices and the EPS of the Companies. In addition the study revealed that higher ratings on governance and ethical practices promote efficiency of operations among firms hence increased EPS. Increased adoption of retained earnings and debts to finance investments portrayed increased effects on EPS of the firms. The findings further revealed that corporate size have no significant influence on the EPS of the firms. Adoption of these practices can be an appropriate strategy towards maximization of corporate returns; hence shareholder value of firms. Corporate Managers, CEOs and Executives should, however, carefully evaluate corporate strategies/practices they employ against other forces including market characteristics and nature of company products/services.

Accountability in Korean NPOs: Perceptions and Strategies of NPO Leaders

This study examines how senior managers of Korean nonprofit organizations construe their accountability environment, particularly with respect to the perceived expectations of various stakeholders. In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 nonprofit executives in Seoul and six other major Korean cities. Subsequent surveys were completed by 271 organizations. The interview results were used to construct a survey instrument to generalize the findings. The findings suggest that executives of South Korean NPOs perceive board members, staff members, and government agencies as their top three significant stakeholders to whom they are accountable. Regarding the important question of “for what” they are accountable, the respondents emphasized compliance to legal obligations and observance of democratic principles of organizational operation. This study also identified four common components in South Korean NPO accountability obligations: professional integrity, civic engagement, and inter-organizational partnership (civic activism-oriented and professionalism-oriented).

More Hours, More Areas, Better Practicum Training….?

This study aims to find the expectations of various stakeholders in the practicum training experience. Students physically undergo the training so that they can experience actual work in their chosen specialization. Industry partners provide the facilities and the “mentors” who will act as “teachers” to these students. Teachers provide the foundational skills in knowledge, technical and values, to prepare them for this course requirement. If there are gaps, in the expectations and implementation, interventions can be undertaken policy and agreements. These stakeholders have different roles to play, provide different inputs, and yet, are expected to have one output, practicum training.