Expansion Of Users Research Articles

Performance Evaluation of Near Real-time GNSS PPP Time Transfer with IGS Products

The GNSS time transfer technology is the high precision time transfer method based on the navigation satellite system and has been widely applied in time and frequency. Benefiting from the development of GNSS time transfer technology and the expansion of user needs for real-time time service applications, real-time time transfer technology has become an important research direction. GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is one of the most commonly used methods of GNSS time transfer technology. With the development of the many facilities, the application of the real-time GNSS PPP has become wider and wider. In this paper, we demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the international GNSS service (IGS) products in the near real-time PPP time transfer technology. A set of the PPP solutions were computed from the observed data from the timekeeping laboratories, and three types of products provided by IGS, including Ultra-Rapid (IGU), Rapid (IGR), and Final (IGS final) orbit and clock offset products. IGS final and IGR products have extremely high accuracy and stability and are used as a reference for the time transfer with IGU product. The near real time clock offset and the comparison link performed with the IGU product can provide a time comparison service with an accuracy of 0. 5ns for near real time applications.

Trust-Based Missing Link Prediction in Signed Social Networks with Privacy Preservation

With the development of mobile Internet, more and more individuals and institutions tend to express their views on certain things (such as software and music) on social platforms. In some online social network services, users are allowed to label users with similar interests as “trust” to get the information they want and use “distrust” to label users with opposite interests to avoid browsing content they do not want to see. The networks containing such trust relationships and distrust relationships are named signed social networks (SSNs), and some real-world complex systems can be also modeled with signed networks. However, the sparse social relationships seriously hinder the expansion of users’ social circle in social networks. In order to solve this problem, researchers have done a lot of research on link prediction. Although these studies have been proved to be effective in the unsigned social network, the prediction of trust and distrust in SSN has not achieved good results. In addition, the existing link prediction research does not consider the needs of user privacy protection, so most of them do not add privacy protection measures. To solve these problems, we propose a trust-based missing link prediction method (TMLP). First, we use the simhash method to create a hash index for each user. Then, we calculate the Hamming distance between the two users to determine whether they can establish a new social relationship. Finally, we use the fuzzy computing model to determine the type of their new social relationship (e.g., trust or distrust). In the paper, we gradually explain our method through a case study and prove our method’s feasibility.

An Access Control Model based on the concepts of Organization and Service for Large Infrastructures

We present in this paper a new access control model for large infrastructures, S-OrBAC (Service Organization Based Access Control), based on the two fundamental concepts that are Organization and Service. The need for access control systems in large infrastructures is motivated by the business growth and the expansion of user’s connection to different resources and data. We provide a general view on the concept of service within large infrastructures, and then introduce the different entities of the model S-OrBAC. Finally, we give a use case application for the model in a university establishment providing multiservice.

Comprehensiveness of practices by Cuban physicians in the More Doctors Program in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The shortage of physicians in remote and underprivileged areas poses an obstacle to universal access and quality of health care. Through the More Doctors Program (PMM), as of 2015, 18 thousand physicians had been incorporated into Brazil's Unified National Health System (SUS) to work in basic care, 79% of whom were Cubans. This article analyzed the comprehensiveness of practices by Cuban physicians in the PMM using a qualitative study in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on interviews with Cuban physicians (24) and a focus group with supervisors of the PMM (4). Comprehensiveness was analyzed in two dimensions: the community-oriented biopsychosocial approach to care and the range of activities in health promotion, prevention, and care. The work by Cuban physicians presents elements that are consistent with the comprehensiveness of practices in primary care, providing a wide range of care and services, in keeping with the health problems' complexity and the plurality of settings. These health workers show outstanding capacity for community interaction, a preventive focus, planning of activities, and positive interpersonal team relations. The study identified attitudes and techniques of solidarity, physician-patient bonding, and community accountability. Challenges were identified in the promotion of participatory practices with communities, the expansion of users' autonomy in clinical decisions, management of psychological problems, systematization of approach tools, and performance of invasive procedures. The study furnishes strong evidence that the PMM, in addition to medical consultations, provides comprehensive health care and contributes to strengthening basic care in Brazil.

EXPLOITING SOCIAL TAGS TO OVERCOME COLD START RECOMMENDATION PROBLEM

The practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content has resulted in the creation of folksonomy. Folksonomies provide new opportunities and challenges in the field of recommender systems. Despite the considerable amount of researches done in the context of recommender systems, the specific problem of integrating tags into standard recommender system algorithms is less explored than the problem of recommending tags. Collaborative filtering is one of the popular approaches for providing recommendation. However, despite the popularity of collaborative filtering, to some extent, it could not recognize the preferences of users in cold-start scenarios, where insufficient preferences are associated to certain users or items, which leads to degraded recommendation quality. This study presents a collaborative filtering approach based on the expansion of users’ tags. In this case, semantics between tags can be unveiled which subsequently resulted in the identification of semantically similar users. Experiment on real-life dataset shows that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art tag-aware collaborative filtering approaches in terms of recommendation quality particularly in the cold-start situation.

Comparison of Fair Dealing and Fair Use in Education Post-Pentalogy

While traditionally American fair use has been thought of as broader in scope than Canadian fair dealing, I claim that in 2013 this is no longer the case. I further argue that educational administrators and academic and library associations in Canada have yet to take full advantage of this expansion of users’ rights.In Part I I give a brief and general overview of copyright in Canada and the United States. In Part II I compare the legislation and jurisprudence specifically with respect to fair dealing and fair use, using the fairness factors as a guide. Specifically, this part will examine differences with respect to the fairness factors in general, transformativity, amount and substantiality, market harm and licences, and institutional practice and policy. Part III is a discussion of the advocacy efforts of Canadian and American educational and library professional associations and the development of best practices and guidelines. I conclude that colleges and universities in Canada may now confidently develop copyright policies that reflect the rights of users, but educational administrators and associations in Canada are lagging behind their American counterparts in leveraging this opportunity.This paper was presented as a work-in-progress at the IP Scholars Conference, Cardozo Law School, New York (9 August 2013).

The Battle Over Public E-Libraries – Taking Stock and Moving Ahead

In this digital era public and academic libraries serve as key players in the promotion of access to knowledge. The legal discourse concerning realization of the promise of public e-libraries has thus far focused on two major battle-fronts: mass digitization of libraries’ collections and free access to the products of academic research funded by the public. Nonetheless, the radar of public and legal discourse has failed to identify a far more troublesome phenomenon, one which presents a threat to the very ability of the public e-libraries to fulfill their function. The digital era has created a profound shift in libraries’ practice, finding expression in the transition from purchasing shelf-books to purchasing licenses to electronic resources. These licenses control the libraries’ ability to pursue their declared goals, and highlight the core problem of private ordering in the information market. One of the most acute manifestations of this problem is the common practice, which has taken on world-wide dimensions, whereby these licenses restrict various uses otherwise permitted by copyright law. The exceptions and limitations acknowledged by copyright legislation are tailored in a manner that gives increased weight to the public interest. The clash between the phenomenon of restrictive contracts and the policy underlying intellectual property is therefore clear. The position advanced in this article is that there are sound justifications for a focused rule that would invalidate restrictive contracts, at least in the context of public e-libraries. These justifications are based on the function served by public e-libraries as a gateway to knowledge and in the promotion of social justice and freedom of speech. Moreover, the proposed rule should be adopted on an international level; otherwise it can easily be circumvented. The global political economy in the copyright arena has experienced major upheavals in recent years, resulting in a steadily growing demand for the expansion of users’ rights. These developments create the potential for the adoption of an international instrument designed to regulate the sphere of public libraries.

공공도서관의 영아 대상 서비스 실태 및 북스타트를 통한 서비스 확대 가능성 연구

This study explored the services of libraries for babies and toddlers and the possibilities of service expansion through Bookstart as a cooperation system for libraries. This study presented the problems of the services of libraries for toddlers by implementing the questionnaire method and the in-depth interviews. In addition, this study showed the impact of carrying-out this program and why libraries should manage the Bookstart program. Results indicated that: (1) even though the membership enrollment standard of children`s libraries is usually from babies and toddlers up to the elementary school students, that of a few libraries is still over elementary school students. This will work on restraining the services of libraries for users, especially toddlers, only 54.8% of libraries services are for the toddlers; (2) by analyzing the perception of librarians, we get to know that librarians think that the age of the first use of a library is more appropriate for kindergarten-agers than toddlers; (3) librarians think positively about the Bookstart and that libraries are more suitable for Bookstart than any other institutions; (4) after the introduction of Bookstart to libraries, many changes happened in respect of the function of libraries and the types of users. For examples, there was an expansion of users to babies and toddlers and their parents, an increase in users, focusing on early-childhood reading education and the strengthening of the role of librarians as program planners in particular. This study suggests that the introduction of Bookstart would bring changes to the concept of traditional libraries and the inflexible attitudes of librarians.

Generating structure editor interfaces for OR procedures

The quest for OR interface development tools that are both flexible (in terms of interfaces produced) and high-level (in terms of developer specification accepted) is based on work in the DSS and UIMS fields. The DSS literature offers a foundation for understanding possible relationships between OR procedures, the data they can use, and the problem statements that cause their executions. The UIMS literature offers mechanisms for interface production. Of these, structure editing has been singled out here as a candidate for advancing OR research into interface construction. The first implementation of a structure editor interface for OR problem statements is described. The result is a direct manipulation user interface that presents LP problem statement images resembling traditional forms, but which allows variants of a single form to dynamically unfold in response to a user's expansion actions.