Expansion Of Built-up Land Research Articles

Land fragmentation and variation of ecosystem services in the context of rapid urbanization: the case of Taizhou city, China

This study analyzes land use dynamics, land fragmentation, variation of ecosystem service value (ESV), and the underlying driving forces in the context of rapid urbanization in Taizhou city, China. An integrated approach utilizing geographic information system and remote sensing was used to analyze land use/land cover change, spatiotemporal patterns of land fragmentation and variation of ESV over the period of 1995–2010. The results show that the areal extent of built-up land increased by 3.72 times, whereas loss of the cropland, forest, and fallow land accounted for 18.52, 34.80, and 28.94 % of the new built-up land, respectively. As observed, in-filling of the major traffic road networks and axis-based expansion of built-up land occurred. Outward expansion of the built-up land, in particular, indicated that human encroachment into surrounding natural and semi-natural ecosystems leading to decreased total ecosystem service functions of the study area. As a whole, significant change in key landscape, especially a net decrease in forest, and remarkable socioeconomic development should be responsible for an overall decline in 36.29 % of total ESV during the recently rapid urbanization process. Therefore, sustainable development policies should address the decline of ESV.

Interactions between Climate, Socioeconomics, and Land Dynamics in Qinghai Province, China: A LUCD Model-Based Numerical Experiment

This simulation-based research produces a set of forecast land use data of Qinghai Province, China, applying the land use change dynamics (LUCD) model. The simulation results show that the land use pattern will almost keep being consistent in the period from 2010 to 2050 with that in 2000 in Qinghai Province. Grassland and barren or sparsely vegetated land will cover more than 80% of the province’s total area. The land use change will be inconspicuous in the period from 2010 to 2050 involving only 0.49% of the province’s land. The expansion of urban and built-up land, grassland, and barren or sparsely vegetated land and the area reduction of mixed dryland/irrigated cropland and pasture, water bodies, and snow or ice will dominate land use changes of the case study area. The changes of urban and built-up land and mixed dryland/irrigated cropland and pasture will slow down over time. Meanwhile, the change rates of water bodies, snow and ice, barren or sparsely vegetated land, and grassland will show an inverted U-shaped trajectory. Except for providing underlying surfaces for RCMs for future climate change assessment, this empirical research of regional land use change may enhance the understanding of land surface system dynamics.

Urban expansion and its influencing factors in Natural Wetland Distribution Area in Fuzhou City, China

This paper principally focuses on land use dynamics, urban expansion and underlying driving forces in the Natural Wetland Distribution Area (NWDA) of Fuzhou City in the southeastern China. Based on time series Landsat TM/ETM+ imageries and historical data, relationships between urban land expansion and its influencing factors from 1989 to 2009 were analyzed by using an integrated approach of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. The results showed that built-up land increased from 151.16 km2 in 1989 to 383.76 km2 in 2009. Approximately 64.25% of the newly emerging built-up land was converted from cropland (29.47%), forest and shrub (25.78%), water (3.73%), wetland (4.61%), and bare land (0.66%) during 1989 and 2009. With a remarkable decrease in cropland, the proportion of non-agricultural population increased by 23.6%. Moreover, rapid development of infrastructures, facilities, industrial parks, and urban and rural settlements along the Minjiang River resulted in the eastward and southward expansion of built-up land. Additionally, the growth pattern of built-up land in the NWDA is highly correlated with socio-economic factors, including the gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, and structure of industry. As a result, the observed environmental degradation such as loss of cropland and wetland due to heavy pressure of rapid urbanization have greatly impaired the carrying capacity of city. Thus, in addition to scientific and rational policies towards minimizing the adverse effects of urbanization, coordination between the administrative agencies should be urgently strengthened to balance the conflicts between urban development and ecological conservation to make sure the sustainable land use.

Impacts of land use/land cover change and socioeconomic development on regional ecosystem services: The case of fast-growing Hangzhou metropolitan area, China

This study analyzes land use dynamics, spatiotemporal patterns of ecosystem service value (ESV), and the forces driving growth in the Hangzhou metropolitan area (HMA) in China. An integrated approach utilizing a Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) was used to extract information on land use/land cover (LULC) change over the period of 1978–2008 from time-series Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+ imagery. We found that the areal extent of built-up land increased by 169.85%, while that of bare land increased by 83.70%. The outward expansion of built-up land and the net increase in bare land, both of which have a low ESV, indicate that human encroachment into surrounding natural and semi-natural ecosystems is resulting in decreased regional ecosystem service functions. Regional total GDP measured in constant value for the year 2000 increased by a factor of 31.71, and total population increased by 72.40% in 1978–2008. The resulting LULC change and socioeconomic development are likely responsible for the overall decline of 24.04% in regional ESV. It is projected that increasing land use demand will place heavy pressure on the natural and semi-natural ecosystems and impair the ecological functions that are necessary to support the human-dominated ecosystem. Therefore, sustainable development policies must address the impact of the loss of semi-natural and natural lands due to drastic urbanization.

Land use dynamics, built-up land expansion patterns, and driving forces analysis of the fast-growing Hangzhou metropolitan area, eastern China (1978–2008)

In this study, Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province in eastern China was selected as a case study. Based on time series Landsat MSS/TM/ETM + imagery and historical census data, analysis of the relationship between land use dynamics, built-up land expansion patterns, and underlying driving forces from 1978 to 2008 was performed, using an integrated approach of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques and statistical methods. The results showed that rapid expansion of built-up land in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Area (HMA) led to accelerated land use conversion. The built-up land increased from 319.3 km2 in 1978 to 862.5 km2 in 2008. Expansion patterns of built-up land in the HMA were essentially characterized by axial expansion centered on the former city proper before 1991. In 1996 and 2001, two significant administrative division adjustments for the former city proper and two neighboring municipalities occurred. This led to the success in implementing strategies of “frog-leaping development along the Qiantang River” and “crossing the Qiantang River and developing southward”. Spatially, a closer linkage between the former city proper and two neighboring municipalities was established. Consequently, rapid development of infrastructures, facilities, intensive industrial parks, and urban and rural settlements along the Qiantang River resulted in the eastward and southward expansion of built-up land. Thus, from 1991 to 2008 the model of urban expansion resulted in a multi-nuclei pattern. Furthermore, as shown with detailed analysis, the growth pattern of built-up land of the HMA is highly correlated with socio-economic factors, including the gross domestic product (GDP), per capita disposable income, population growth, and processes of industrialization and urbanization, which represent the dominant driving factors for spatiotemporal patterns of built-up land in the HMA.

Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analyzing of the Urban Built-up Land Expansion in Kunming in 1974~2004

Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analyzing of the Urban Built-up Land Expansion in Kunming in 1974~2004

연안지역 특성에 따른 상세 토지피복도 적용 효과 및 기상장에 미치는 영향 분석

In this study, the effects of high-resolution land cover on the simulation of near-surface meteorological fields were evaluated in two different coastal regions using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. These analyses were performed using the middle classification land cover data upgraded by the Korean Ministry of Environment (KME). For the purpose of this study, two coastal areas were selected as follows: (1) the southwestern coastal (SWC) region characterized by complex shoreline and (2) the eastern coastal (EC) region described a high mountain and a simple coastline. The result showed that the application of high-resolution land cover were found to be notably distinguished between the SWC and EC regions. The land cover improvement has contributed to generate the realistic complex coastline and the distribution of small islands in the SWC region and the expansion of urban and built-up land along the sea front in the EC region, respectively. The model study indicated that the improvement of land cover caused a temperature change on wide areas of inland and nearby sea for the SWC region, and narrow areas along the coastal line for the EC region. These temperature variations in the two regions resulted in a decrease and an increase in land-breeze and sea-breeze intensity, respectively (especially the SWC region). Interestingly, the improvement of land cover can contribute large enough to change wind distributions over the sea in coastal areas.