Exit Intentions Research Articles

Method of bed exit intention based on the internal pressure features in array air spring mattress

With the population ages, many patients are unable to receive comprehensive care, leading to an increase in hazardous incidents, particularly falls occurring after getting out of bed. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method for recognizing bed-exit intentions using an array air spring mattress. The method integrates convolutional neural networks with feature point matching techniques to identify both global and local features of the array air spring. For global features, a one-dimensional focal loss convolutional neural network (1D-FLCNN) model is employed to classify eight internal pressure time series and determine bed-exit status based on global features. For local features, the distribution matrix and feature point matrix of the internal pressure features are extracted to represent the spatial distribution of bed-exit postures. Euclidean distance is utilized to measure the similarity between these matrices and match bed-exit postures. Finally, the recognition results from both feature types are combined using a logical OR operation to produce the final result. Experimental validation confirms that the proposed method greatly improves the anti-interference capability and effectively avoids the problem of non-recognition due to body position and external environment.

Career Booster or Dead End? The Double-Edged Sword Effects of Entrepreneurial Fear of Failure on Entrepreneurial Exit Intentions in the Process of Sustainable Entrepreneurship

Based on self-regulation theory, this paper constructs two paths through which entrepreneurial fear of failure affects entrepreneurial exit intentions, and explores the moderating effect of the locus of control. We analyze a sample of 308 entrepreneurs from small and medium-sized private enterprises located in Southeast China. The results shown that entrepreneurial fear of failure not only stimulates entrepreneurial identity centrality in a self-regulated driving state but also leads to emotional exhaustion in a state of self-regulated depletion, with two effects on entrepreneurial exit intentions. The facilitating effect of entrepreneurial fear of failure on entrepreneurial identity centrality is stronger for internals than externals, whereas the facilitating effect of entrepreneurial fear of failure on emotional exhaustion is stronger for externals than internals. This research provides a theoretical basis and managerial insights for using entrepreneurial fear of failure to motivate its promoting effects and inhibit its hindering effects on sustainable entrepreneurship.

Competence Development and Affective Commitment as Mechanisms That Explain the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Turnover Intentions

This study investigated the effect of organizational culture (supportive culture, innovation culture, goal culture and rule culture) on turnover intentions and whether this relationship was mediated by organizational practices of competencies development (training, functional rotation and individualized support) and affective commitment. The study sample consisted of 369 participants working in organizations based in Portugal. The results show that only goal culture positively and significantly affects the three dimensions of organizational practices of development competencies and affective commitment. The culture of support has a positive and significant effect on functional rotation, individualized support and affective commitment. The culture of innovation has a positive and significant effect on training. Supportive culture, goal culture and the dimensions of organizational practices of development competencies negatively and significantly affect exit intentions. The serial mediating effect of organizational practices of development competencies and affective commitment on the relationship between organizational culture (supportive culture and goal culture) and turnover intentions was proven. Organizational culture, especially supportive culture and goal culture, proved to be relevant in boosting the implementation of organizational practices of development competencies, boosting affective commitment and reducing turnover intentions.

To Exit or to Remain in Informality? A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs’ Exit Intention

To Exit or to Remain in Informality? A Study of Informal Entrepreneurs’ Exit Intention

How corruption affects entrepreneurial exit: Micro-evidence from Chinese entrepreneurs

The relationship between public corruption and entrepreneurship has gained increasing attention among researchers, yet we know little about how corruption affects entrepreneurial exit, especially at the micro level. Drawing on institutional theory and conservation of resources (COR) theory, we propose a moderated-mediation model that explores mechanisms and conditions through which corruption influences entrepreneurial exit. We conducted a longitudinal survey and a scenario-based experiment. Our empirical results demonstrate that corruption has a positive effect on entrepreneurial exit intention. Consistent with our hypothesis, this relationship is mediated by entrepreneurial stress. The moderated path analysis further indicates that political skills weaken the effect of corruption on entrepreneurial stress and entrepreneurial exit intention. Our findings extend the scope of public management research and provide some practical suggestions for government and entrepreneurs.

Trust and Control in Franchise Networks: A Dyadic, Multi-Referent Analysis on Franchisee Network Exit Intentions

We adopt a dyadic, multi-referent trust perspective to assess the effects of franchisee–franchisor trust (in)congruence and franchisee trust in peers on franchisee network exit intentions, under varying levels of franchisee perceived network control. We observe a nuanced relationship between trust (in)congruence and exit intentions, revealing a negative and nonlinear effect for trust congruence, and, surprisingly, a negative effect for incongruence. The effects of trust congruence and trust in peers are distinctively moderated by perceived control; when franchisees perceive stronger control, the negative effect of trust congruence on exit intentions becomes stronger, whereas the insignificant effect of peer trust becomes positive.

Analysis of The Effect of Workload, Role Conflict, Work Stress on Exit Intentions and Work Burnout

The banking sector, including Bank Syariah X, faces challenges with high employee turnover rates, which can be attributed to factors such as workload, role conflict, and work stress. This quantitative study aims to analyze the impact of workload, role conflict, and work stress on turnover intentions and work fatigue among Bank Syariah X employees in the Jabodetabek area. A sample of 75 organic employees was selected using simple random sampling, and data were collected through questionnaire surveys. Analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The findings reveal that workload and role conflict significantly contribute to work stress, which in turn influences turnover intentions and job burnout. The study underscores the importance of addressing these factors to mitigate turnover and enhance employee well-being. The results provide valuable insights for academia to enrich research literature, researchers to contribute to knowledge development, and Bank Syariah X management to formulate effective policies and practices for workforce management.

Navigating work-family conflict, entrepreneurial passion, and entrepreneurial exit intention amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai

Drawing upon the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study examines the relationship between Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and entrepreneurial exit intention, as well as the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion and the moderating role of external relationship embedding, in the context of the pandemic in Shanghai. Based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and data at multiple time points from 389 entrepreneurs, results indicate that there is a positive relationship between WFC and entrepreneurial exit intention among entrepreneurs during the pandemic. Entrepreneurial passion plays a critical mediating role between WFC and entrepreneurial exit intention through the lens of resource loss. External relationship embedding, as a vital external resource provider, plays a moderating role in the relationship between WFC and entrepreneurial passion. It also moderates the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion in the relationship between WFC and entrepreneurial exit intention. Overall, this research broadens the existing COR theory from the perspective of resource gains and losses and investigates the complicated interplay between WFC, entrepreneurial outcomes, and external relationship networks. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in this work.

Domains of uncertainty, identification processes, and exit intentions

The process of leaving groups is ubiquitous. However, the motivations underlying people’s decision to exit their groups have been underexamined. Integrating uncertainty-identity theory with literature on disidentification, we conducted three studies ( NTotal = 891) to investigate how different domains of uncertainty affect group identification and disidentification, and how these identification processes predict people’s exit intentions. In Studies 1a (religious congregations) and 1b (organizations), we measured different domains of uncertainty (self, social identity) before measuring group identification, disidentification, and exit intentions. Study 2 manipulated domains of uncertainty (self, social identity) and levels of uncertainty (high, low) before measuring the same outcome variables. Results showed stronger social identity uncertainty elicited stronger disidentification and weaker group identification. Results also showed that disidentification mediated the relationship between social identity uncertainty and exit intentions. Self-uncertainty did not relate to people’s exit intentions. The results contribute to the psychological literature on group exit intentions.

Entrepreneurial fear of failure and exit intention: The moderating role of a conducive social environment

This article investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial fear of failure, exit intentions and the moderating impact of a conducive social environment, particularly business incubators, in the context of a developing economy. It provides empirical evidence on how different sources of fear of failure influence an entrepreneur’s intention to exit a venture. Building on social-cognitive theory and leveraging survey data collected from 255 practising entrepreneurs, we show that sources of failure related to the self lead to higher exit intentions whereas external sources of failure do not trigger such intentions. Notably, the positive relationship between self-related fear of failure and exit intention is reduced when entrepreneurs operate within the supportive framework of business incubators. This study highlights the specific dynamics of developing economies that can have profound impacts on the psychology of entrepreneurs. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into how fear of failure shapes entrepreneurial outcomes and how a supportive social environment can mitigate its negative impact, particularly in a developing country context such as Pakistan.

Factors affecting exit intentions from dairy farming in the Pampas region of Argentina.

TThis article examines the factors which explain exit from dairy farming in the Pampas region of Argentina. A representative sample of dairy farms was used, of which 12 % indicated their intention to exit in the next five years. High technical efficiency and the existence of a successor reduce the likelihood of exit dairy farming; while age of farmer, hired labor, and climate risk exposure are positively associated with exit intentions. The small dairy farms are more prone to exit than large ones, albeit with a smaller marginal effect.

Evaluating turnover intention as a proxy for behavior in the federal public service: Evidence from two surveys of senior civil servants

AbstractStudies of turnover in the federal public service often study intention rather than behavior and studies that evaluate the reliability of intention as a proxy for that behavior are rare. This article uses a novel data set that measures exit intention and behavior for the same senior civil servants to evaluate two aspects of the reliability of turnover intention as a proxy for behavior: (1) prediction error and (2) similarity of marginal effects. Overall, exit intention is a problematic proxy for behavior because it consistently overestimates the probability of exit. While coefficients from models of intent tend to have the correct sign, the magnitudes of marginal effects can be misleading, tending to overestimate corresponding marginal effects in models of exit behavior. Moreover, coefficients do sometimes change signs between models. The article discusses the implications of these findings and suggests the next steps to better use exit intention to understand exit behavior.

No Simple Way to Say Goodbye! Untangling the Heterogeneity of Social Venture Founder Exit Intention

Using three theory-based performance criteria as decision attributes, we conducted a conjoint analysis experiment with 105 social venture founder-CEOs to examine their decisions to exit their firms voluntarily. Multilevel regression analysis of founders’ choices revealed that various exit preferences were chosen that did not support theoretical prescriptions. While achieving desired social impact was the main influence on founder exit choices, the heterogeneity of exit preferences led us to parcel them into four distinct groups: idealists, traditionalists, realists, and pragmatists. We discuss our contributions to the entrepreneurial exit and social entrepreneurship research literature and list the implications of our results for practice.

Consequences of workplace bullying on hotel employees: a three-wave longitudinal approach

PurposeWorkplace bullying has appalling fallouts for organizations and employees. While the association between bullying and employees’ exit intentions has been sufficiently established in research, the underlying conditions remain overlooked. Using the affective events and conservation of resources theories as the theoretical lens, the purpose of this study is to probe work alienation and emotional exhaustion as sequential mediators in the association between bullying and employees’ exit intentions.Design/methodology/approachA sequential mediation model was examined using three-wave longitudinal data gathered from 406 employees working with hotels situated in tourist destinations of India.FindingsWork alienation serves as a significant mediator between bullying and emotional exhaustion. More importantly, work alienation and emotional exhaustion emerged as sequential mediators in the association between bullying and exit intentions.Originality/valueResearch on workplace bullying is often cross-sectional, and researchers have called for time-lagged and/or longitudinal examination. While responding to the frequent calls made by researchers to examine underlying conditions, this three-wave longitudinal study advocates for holistic cognizance, i.e., how workplace bullying results in employees’ exit.

Work-family conflict, entrepreneurial regret, and entrepreneurial outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

This study aims to propose a clarification on how female entrepreneurs cognitively process their work-family conflict (WFC) experiences during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, with implications related to their attitudes toward their current entrepreneurial activities. It does so by using social cognitive theory as an overarching theoretical perspective. Our hypothesis sheds light on regretful thinking (also known as entrepreneurial regret) as a cognitive mechanism that elucidates how WFC may affect female entrepreneurs’ outcomes, such as exit intention and work satisfaction. We further proposed family support as a boundary condition that may help female entrepreneurs to better respond to WFC. We develop and administer a questionnaire survey and analyze data from 346 female entrepreneurs in Japan. The results of our analysis, which is performed using the bootstrapping method to clarify the significance of the moderated mediation mechanism, support our hypotheses. Our results demonstrate that WFC leads to higher exit intention and lower work satisfaction through entrepreneurial regret. Notably, these experiences become stronger when WFC is coupled with low family support. Finally, we discuss the important implications of our findings for researchers and practitioners and highlight opportunities for future research.

A Study on the Mechanism of College Students’ Entrepreneurial Exit: Regulating Effect of Entrepreneurial Self efficacy and Entrepreneurial Ability

Based on the theory of planned behavior and entrepreneurial failure, this paper conducts a questionnaire survey of college students’ entrepreneurs through stratified sampling method to study the influencing factors of Entrepreneurial exit intention behavior, and establishes a structural equation model to more intuitively analyze the path relationship between Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial exit intention, with a view to promoting a correct understanding of Entrepreneurial exit intention and providing systematic and personalized training for entrepreneurs, Only by building a scientific and reasonable Entrepreneurial exit intention mechanism and path can entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs face entrepreneurial challenges directly and truly promote the sustainable development of innovation and entrepreneurship practice in the whole society.

Should I stay or should I go? The impact of entrepreneurs’ loneliness on business exit intentions through entrepreneurial passion

Loneliness is a serious source of suffering for entrepreneurs. Although the negative impact of loneliness on entrepreneurs' well-being has been studied, the mechanism through which loneliness affects entrepreneurial outcomes is less known. In this research, instead of examining the negative consequences of loneliness as related to well-being, we focus on its impact on entrepreneurs' business exit intentions. In particular, we identify entrepreneurial passion as one mediating mechanism through which entrepreneurs' loneliness influences business exit intentions. One time-lagged survey using a sample of entrepreneurs from the United Kingdom and an additional survey using a sample of Indonesian entrepreneurs show that high levels of entrepreneurs' loneliness increase their business exit intentions through reducing entrepreneurial passion. Our findings advance research on entrepreneurs' loneliness by identifying a new mechanism and extending its impact from entrepreneurs’ well-being-related outcomes to a business-related outcome.

Perceived barriers and entrepreneurial exit intentions: moderating role of regular versus sustainable entrepreneurship

PurposeThis study aims to untangle how perceived barriers provoke entrepreneurial exit intentions during an entrepreneurial engagement. Drawing on the social cognitive theory (SCT), the study also theorizes the mediating role of self-efficacy and moderating effects of the nature of entrepreneurship activity (regular versus sustainable entrepreneurship) on the barriers–exit relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe survey data were collected from 302 entrepreneurs in the UK in two waves using a time-lagged method and analyzed through the structural equation modeling techniqueFindingsThe results indicate that perceived barriers positively related to entrepreneurial exit intentions, whereas self-efficacy served as an effective intervening mechanism to untangle the barriers–exit relationship. In addition, consistent support was found for the moderating role of the nature of entrepreneurship activity for the hypothesized relationships.Practical implicationsThe investigation unfolds that perceived barriers lead entrepreneurs to stimulate exit intentions. Therefore, it is recommended that all the stakeholders, including government, industries and academia, must collaborate and provide a favorable institutional environment where sustainable entrepreneurship can thrive and nourish.Originality/valueUnlike studies that exhibited perceived barriers as an inhibitor to entrepreneurial intentions, the study theorizes the relevance of perceived barriers during entrepreneurial engagement and demonstrates how it determines entrepreneurial exit intentions. The study also comprehends the exiting knowledge by underpinning the SCT construct self-efficacy as an intervening factor in explaining the barriers–exit relationship.

COVID-19 and entrepreneurship entry and exit: Opportunity amidst adversity

We theoretically and empirically examine how acquiring new skills and increased financial worries influenced entrepreneurship entry and exit intentions during the pandemic. To that end, we analyze primary individual-level survey data we collected in the aftermath of the COVID-19's first wave in Russia, which has had one of the highest COVID-19 infection rates globally. Our results show that acquiring new skills during the pandemic helped owners keep their existing businesses and encouraged start-ups in sectors other than information technology (IT). For IT start-ups, having previous experience matters more than new skills. While the pandemic-driven financial worries are associated with business closure intentions, they also inspire new business start-ups, highlighting the pandemic's creative destruction power. Furthermore, preferences for formal employment and remote work also matter for entrepreneurial intentions. Our findings enhance the understanding of entrepreneurship formation and closure in a time of adversity and suggest that implementing entrepreneurship training and upskilling policies during recurring waves of the COVID-19 pandemic can be an important policy tool for innovative small business development.

Family- and non-family-related reasons for entrepreneurial exits

PurposeThis study examines the family- and non-family-related reasons that may determine the choice of the anticipated entrepreneurial exit strategy (exit intention).Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a survey of 267 owner-managers of micro-and small-sized firms in Poland and focuses on their exit intentions (rather than actual actions) as precursors to entrepreneurial exit. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results show that family-related reasons may encourage entrepreneurs to choose the stewardship strategy over the financial harvest or voluntary cessation strategies, while non-family-related reasons such as maintaining financial independence and health may encourage the choice of the financial harvest or the voluntary cessation strategy.Originality/valueThis research contributes to both the entrepreneurial exit literature and psychological ownership theory by demonstrating the potential relevance of psychological ownership in the selection of exit strategies.