Existential Spiritual Well-being Research Articles

Spiritual Well-Being of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in The Cardiac Intensive Care Unit

Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) are at risk of experiencing problems in various aspects of life. Changes in spiritual conditions are one of the problems that often occur, especially spiritual well-being. Existential well-being (EWB) and religious well-being (RWB) are specific parts of spiritual well-being that will be analyzed in this study. The research design used is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was patients who experienced Acute Coronary Syndrome and were treated in the cardiac intensive unit with a total of 84 patients who were taken using a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method. The instrument used is the Indonesian version of the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) questionnaire and has received permission from the original owners Ellison and Paloutzian by paying for the copyright. The results showed that the level of religious well-being (RWB) and existential (EWB) was in the high category with 86.9% and 71.4% respectively. There were no respondents who had a low level of religious or existential spiritual well-being. Health service providers are expected to be able to assess the spiritual well-being of ACS patients so that spiritual problems can be detected and efforts to treat them as early as possible.

간호대학생의 영적안녕과 죽음에 대한 태도가 임종간호태도에 미치는 영향

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the influences of spiritual wellbeing and attitude toward death on terminal care attitude among Korean nursing students. Methods: The participants were 146 nursing undergraduates from two nursing schools in Korea. The students responded to a self-report questionnaire that included demographics, spiritual wellbeing, attitude toward death and terminal care attitude. Results: In total, 71.9% of the participants were religious, 95.2%, and 67.8% had hospice education. The mean score of spiritual wellbeing of the students who were religious was significantly higher than among those who were not. Regression analysis indicated that existential spiritual wellbeing, attitude toward death, and Christian schooling were the most significant predictors of terminal care attitude. These explained 39.6% of variation in terminal care attitude. Conclusion: Death-related education is needed throughout the nursing curriculum including to develop a positive terminal care attitude. In this way, nursing undergraduates will be better prepared to cope positively and constructively with the suffering and death they will encounter and thus may minimize the distress they experience with patient death. may also create a significant positive increase in nurses’ terminal care attitude.

Development and application of a self-transcendence enhancement program for the well-being of elderly women living alone in Korea.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a self-transcendence enhancement program and examine its effect on self-transcendence, spiritual well-being, and psychological well-being in elderly women who live alone. MethodsA self-transcendence enhancement program was developed through theory, literature review, and in-depth interviews. The theoretical framework came from the Psychoeducational Approach to Transcendence and Health intervention model based on Reed’s middle-range theory of self-transcendence. The program consisted of multiple modalities in a structured, theory-based program lasting for eight weekly sessions. Using a single-group pretest-posttest design, the program was tested on a group of 40 elderly women aged 75 to 84 years living alone in Daejeon, South Korea. Participants completed self-reported study questionnaires before and after the program at the elderly welfare center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, with significance level set at .05. Paired t-test was used to compare mean differences before and after the program. ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 79.1 years. After completing the program, the participants showed higher levels of self-transcendence (t=8.78, p<.001), overall spiritual well-being (t=8.30, p=.002), religious spiritual well-being (t=1.79, p=.040), existential spiritual well-being (t=6.75, p=.002), and positive affect (t=3.77, p=.001) than they did before the program. They also reported lower levels of depression (t=–7.59, p<.001) and negative affect (t=–6.15, p<.001). Conclusion The self-transcendence enhancement program developed in this study may be effective for improving the level of self-transcendence in elderly women living alone and helping them to attain spiritual and psychological well-being.

혈액투석 환자의 증상 클러스터와 영적 안녕이 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

Purpose: This study was to identify the impact of symptom clusters, spiritual well-being on the quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: Data were collected from 154 patients at six hemodialysis clinics from June 1^st, 2016 to February 28^th, 2017. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, multiple regression analysis. Results: The most frequently reported symptoms included fatigue, itching, dry skin, decreased interest in sex, difficulty falling asleep. The mean spiritual well-being score was 3.37. Factor analysis showed that eight distinct symptom clusters were identified: Emotional distress cluster, pain-fatigue cluster, skin disorder cluster, sleep disturbance related cluster, gastrointestinal-leg distress cluster, sexual distress cluster, nausea-vomiting cluster, shortness of breath-diarrhea cluster. The factor that most affected the quality of life was existential spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The finding supported existence of the symptom cluster and existential spiritual well-being affected the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. It was existential spiritual well-being, which showed 67.5% of explanatory power. It is necessary to manage on the characteristics of each dialysis patient’s symptoms cluster and to develop a strategy that can improve spiritual well-being.

청소년이 지각한 가족건강성과 학교적응의 관계: 실존적 영적 안녕감과 자아탄력성의 순차적 매개 효과

청소년이 지각한 가족건강성과 학교적응의 관계: 실존적 영적 안녕감과 자아탄력성의 순차적 매개 효과

The Influence Death Anxiety Has on Solitary Seniors’ Mental Health : Focusing on the Regulating Effect of Spiritual Comfort

본 연구는 독거노인의 죽음불안이 우울과 생활만족도를 하위요인으로 하는 정신건강에 미치는 영향력과 이들 간의 영향관계에서 영적 안녕감의 조절효과를 검증하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 서울특별시 노원구에 거주하는 독거노인 236명을 표본으로 하여 분석을 수행하였으며, 방법론은 SPSS 22.0을 활용하여 중다회귀분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 죽음과정의 불안은 우울에 정적(+)인 영향을 보였으며, 존재상실의 불안과 죽음과정의 불안은 생활만족도에 부적(-)인 영향으로 나타났다. 둘째, 실존적 영적 안녕감은 우울에 부적(-)인 영향으로 나타났으며, 생활만족도에도 정적(+)인 영향을 보였다. 셋째, 종교적 영적 안녕감과 실존적 영적 안녕감은 존재상실의 불안과 사후결과의 불안과의 상호작용을 통해 우울을 조절하는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 종교적 영적 안녕감과 실존적 영적 안녕감은 죽음과정의 불안과의 상호작용을 통해 생활만족도를 조절하는 효과가 있음을 검증하였다. 이를 토대로 종교적 영적 안녕감과 실존적 영적 안녕감의 높임을 통해 독거노인의 정신건강을 증진시킬 수 있는 논의와 제언을 하였다.The purpose of this study is to examine the death anxiety that influences the mental health of elderly people who live all spiritual Well done. The sub factors of mental health are depression, life satisfaction, being, and the maintenance of relationships. The study has been conducted with 236 elderly people who live alone in the district of Nowongu, Seoul, South Korea as a sample group using multiple regression analyses of SPSS 22.0 to examine the data. According to the results of analyses, the first outcome shows that death anxiety in the process of death reveals a positive(+) effect on depression levels, and it indicates a negative(-) effect on life satisfaction levels, based on anxiety over the death process and the loss of existence. Second, it displays that existential spiritual wellbeing shows negative(-) satisfaction levels. results on depression levels and positive(+) outcomes on life Third, religious spiritual wellbeing and existential spiritual wellbeing are revealed to have moderating effects on controlling depression levels through the interaction between the anxiety over the loss of existence and the anxiety wellbeing and existential spiritual welfare postmortem results. Furthermore, the religious spiritual being of a subject are verified to have moderating effects on life satisfaction levels through interactions of the anxieties concerning the process of death. Based on the foregoing discussions, it is suggested that improving the mental health of elderly people living alone can be done by enhancing their religious spiritual well spiritual wellbeing.

Associations of Spiritual Well-being, Attitude toward Death and Quality of Life among Alcoholics Anonymous

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate associations of spiritual well-being, attitude toward death, and quality of life among Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Methods: This study was cross-sectional and descriptive in design. The data was collected from August to September 2018 with 133 AA members drawn from two provinces of South Korea. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Turkey tests, Pearson''s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses using SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The existential spiritual well-being (β=.52, p<.001), attitude toward death (β=.24, p<.001), dual diagnosis (β=-.17, p=.003), occupation (β=.12, p=.035) of the participants were significant factors, which explained 63.7% of the variance of quality of life. Conclusion: The study findings highlight the need to develop psychological nursing strategies to enhance the spiritual well-being and improve a positive attitude toward death based on the job and dual diagnosis among AA members to improve their better quality of life.

The Relation between Stress of Clinical Practice and Burnout among Nursing Students: The Mediation Effect of Spiritual Well-being

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the clinical practice of nursing students and to identify the mediating effects of spiritual well-being in the relation between stress of clinical practice and burnout caused by clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires targeting 420 nursing students in three nursing colleges located in Gyeonggi and Chungnam province. Results: Burnout of clinical practice according to general characteristics of the study subjects showed significant difference in religion (t=1.895, p=.049). Stress of clinical practice and burnout of clinical practice showed positive correlation (r=.42, p&lt;.001), existential spiritual well-being showed negative correlation between stress of clinical practice (r=-.17, p&lt;.001) and burnout of clinical practice (r=-.47, p&lt;.001). In addition, religious spiritual well-being in spiritual well-being showed no mediating effects and existential spiritual well-being showed mediating effects between burnout in clinical practice stress. Conclusion: In order to alleviate the stress of clinical practice for burnout of clinical practice prevention of nursing students, solutions to improve the existential spiritual well-being will be required in the future.

여고생의 자살사고 영향 요인

Purpose This study was conducted to identify factors which influence suicidal ideation in students in girls’ high schools. Methods The participants were 202 students attending a girls’ high school and a specialized girls’ high school in D city. Data were collected from October 8 to December 23, 2013. Research tools were suicidal ideation, existential spiritual well-being, interpersonal relations, and depression. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression by stepwise selection with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results Suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with existential spiritual well-being, interpersonal relations, and positively correlated with depression. Effective variables were depression (β=0.54, p<.001), existential spiritual well-being (β=-0.22, p=.001), and grades (β=-0.10, p=.042). These variables explained 52% of the variance in suicidal ideation. Conclusion Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to design an intervention program that teachers and community mental health nurses can use to increase existential spiritual well-being and decrease the depression and suicidal ideation for students in girls’ high schools. Keywords: Students, Suicidal ideation, Spirituality, Relationship, Depression 주요어: 여학생, ìžì‚´ì‚¬ê³ , ì‹¤ì¡´ì  ì˜ì ì•ˆë •ê°, 대인관계, 우울

The Analysis of Spiritual Well-Being and Sexual Attitude of Female High School Students

Background/Objectives: This research aims to find out how the spiritual well-being of adolescents, especially female high school students, affect the establishment of proper sexual attitude. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Spiritual well-being is for measuring the subjective state of spiritual well-being, and is made up of two lower measures: the measure that gauges religious spiritual well-being, the state of well-being within the relationship with god, and existential spiritual well-being, the state of well-being focused on the meaning and goal of life. Sexual attitude is characteristics of puberty, knowledge about sex (pregnancy, contraception, and STD), dating, sexual awareness and ethics. Findings: The total of spiritual wellbeing was 3.42±0.56, religious spiritual well-being, which is the sense of well-being within the relationship with god, stood at 3.12±0.77, and existential spiritual well-being, which is the state of well-being focused on the meaning and goal of life, was 3.73±0.55. The total score of sexual attitude stood at 3.61±0.33, and as for the sub-measures, characteristics of puberty at 3.89±0.59, knowledge about sex (pregnancy, contraception, and STD) at 3.51±0.50, dating at 4.08±0.69, and sexual awareness and ethics at 3.42±0.37. Spiritual well-being has a positive relationship with the characteristics of puberty, and a negative relationship with dating. Among subcategories of spiritual well-being, religious well-being and dating had a negative relationship and existential well-being had a positive relationship with sexual attitude, characteristics of puberty, knowledge about sex, and sexual awareness and ethics. Application/Improvements: This study is expected to serve as base data for program development, when finding out the correlation between the level of adolescents’ spiritual well-being and sexual attitude.

Effects of a Peer Gatekeeper Training Program in Female High School Students

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a peer gatekeeper training program on existential spiritual well-being, interpersonal relationships, depression, and suicidal ideation in female high school students. Participant pool included forty-four female high school students. The study was conducted over a period of three months. To test the effects of the peer gatekeeper training program, participants were divided into two groups, an experimental group (N=22) and a control group (N=22). The program was only conducted with the experimental group, but the survey was administered to both groups. Data were analyzed on SPSS/WIN 22.0 using a chi-squared test, t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and ANCOVA. Existential spiritual well-being and interpersonal relationships were significantly higher in the experimental group (F=14.43, p<.001, F=17.60, p<.001 respectively) and depression were significantly lower (F=4.31, p=.010) as compared with the control group. Findings from this study indicate that peer gatekeeper training programs can be utilized for female high school students and effectively improve their existential spiritual well-being and interpersonal relationships while lowering depression.

Effects of Peer Helper Training Program on Existential Spiritual Well-being, Peer Relationship, and Depression for Students Attending a Specialized Girls Vocational High School

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a peer helper training program on existential spiritual well-being, peer relationship, and depression for students attending a specialized girls vocational high school. Methods: The participants were forty-two students attending a specialized girls vocational high school in D city. Data were collected form october 23 to December 24, 2013. To test the effects of the peer helper training program, the participants were divided into two mached groups, an experimental group (21) and a control group (21). Data were analyzed using x-test, Fisher exact probability test, and t-test with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: After attending the peer helper training program, significant differences between the experimental group and the control group were found for existential spiritual well-being (t=3.35, p=.002) and peer relationship (t=2.29, p=.028). However, there was no significant differences in depression between the two groups. Conclusion: The results indicate that the peer helper training program enhances existential spiritual well-being and peer relationship for students attending a specialized girls vocational high school. Therefore, this program is a good strategy that teachers and community mental health nurses can use to increase existential spiritual well-being and peer relationship of these high school girls.

The Influence of Self-esteem, Trait anger, Depression, Family Function, and Interpersonal Relations on Existential Spiritual Well-being in Patients with Alcohol Dependence

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the existential spiritual well-being in the patients with alcohol dependence. Methods: The research design was a descriptive survey research with self-report questionnaire about existential spiritual well-being, self-esteem, trait anger, depression, family function, and interpersonal relations scale. Participants in the study were 240 patients with dependence who were collected randomly from 10 mental hospitals and 5 alcoholic centers and 1 alcoholics anonymous in Busan, Deagu city and Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do region. Results: The forecasting regression model of existential spiritual well-bing appeared to be significant, the order of influencing factor was self-esteem (β=.36, p<.001), depression (β=-.38, p<.001), interpersonal relations (β=.18, p=.001), and not being employed for last one year (β=-.11, p=.007). Conclusion: The development of program which vitalizes the vocational rehabilitation and intervention is needed to increase the existential spiritual well-being of the patients with alcohol dependence by increasing the self-esteem and interpersonal relations and decreasing depression which are the major influencing factors.

The Relationship Between Social Support and Smartphone Addiction: The Mediating Effect of Existential Spiritual Well-being

The Relationship Between Social Support and Smartphone Addiction: The Mediating Effect of Existential Spiritual Well-being

또래생명지킴이훈련프로그램이 중학생의 실존적 영적안녕감, 친구관계 및 자살위험성에 미치는 효과

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of a peer gatekeeper training program on existential spiritual well-being, interpersonal relationship with friends, and suicide probability for middle school students. Methods: The participants were fifty students who were at a vocational middle school in D city from october 13, 2012 to november 10, 2012. To test the effects of the peer gatekeeper training program, the participants were divided into two groups in the way of matching distribution, an experimental group(24) and a control group(26). Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, t-test, and Fisher exact probability test using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: After attending the peer gatekeeper training program, significant differences between the experimental group and the control group were found in existential spiritual well-being(t

Factors Influencing Suicidal Ideation in People with Mental Disorder

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate factors influencing suicidal ideation in people with mental disorder. Methods: The subjects were 176 people with mental disorder from community mental health centers, social rehabilitation facilities, and university hospital psychiatric outpatient departments. The instruments used included a suicidal ideation questionnaire, a self-esteem scale, a spiritual well-being scale, a family support scale, and a professional support scale. Data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Suicidal ideation was influenced by age, history of suicidal attempts, and existential spiritual well-being. This study shows that suicidal ideation has negative correlation with existential spiritual well-being, self-esteem, family support, and age. Existential spiritual well-being, history of suicidal attempts, and age accounted for 30% regarding suicidal ideation in people with mental disorder. Conclusion: The lower existential spiritual well-being and age, the higher suicidal ideation. And also suicidal ideation was higher in people who had attempted suicide than in those who had not. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is necessary to design an intervention program that emphasizes existential spiritual well-being in order to decrease suicidal ideation in young people with mental disorder.

The Protective Factors of Suicide Probability in Religious Male High School Students

This study was conducted to identify the protective factors that influence suicide probability in religious male high school students. The data was collected from Nov. 5 to Dec. 10, 2009. Data were collected by self-report questionnaire from 255 students selected from 2 religious male high schools in B city. The instruments for this study were the Suicide Probability Scale for Adolescence (SPS-A), Inventory Parents Peer Attachment-Revision (IPPA-R), Spiritual Well-being Scale (SWBS), and Ego-identity Scale. The data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS 14.0 program. The protective factors of suicide probability in religious male high school students were identified as existential spiritual well-being (β= -.46, p<.001), self-identity (β= -.30, p<.001), and mother attachment (β= -.21, p<.001). These three factors explained 61.5% of the variance in suicide probability. The results suggest that improvement in spirituality, ego-identity, and mother attachment for religious male high school students is important to reduce the probability of suicide.

The Relationship between Existential Spiritual Well-being and Internet Addiction in Adolescents:Mediating Effects of Self-esteem and Depression

The Relationship between Existential Spiritual Well-being and Internet Addiction in Adolescents:Mediating Effects of Self-esteem and Depression

Spiritual Wellbeing Mediates PTSD Change in Veterans with Military-Related PTSD

A portable practice of repeating a mantram-a sacred word or phrase-has been shown to reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in veterans with military trauma. It is thought that the intervention re-directs attention and initiates relaxation to decrease symptom severity, but there may be other mechanisms that may contribute to this improvement. We tested the hypothesis that increases in existential spiritual wellbeing (ESWB) would mediate reductions in self-reported PTSD symptoms following a group mantram intervention. Veterans diagnosed with PTSD from war-related trauma completed 6weeks of case management plus a group mantram intervention (n = 66) as part of a randomized trial. Measures included PTSD Checklist (PCL) and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Wellbeing. Path analysis was conducted on those who completed treatment to assess ESWB as a possible mediator of change in PCL from baseline to post-treatment. A significant indirect effect, -2.24, 95% CI (-4.17, -1.05) of the mantram intervention on PCL change was found. The path from the mantram intervention to ESWB change was significant and positive (B = 4.89, p < 0.0001), and the path from ESWB change to PCL change was significant and negative (B = -0.46, p = 0.001), thus supporting the hypothesis. Findings suggest that one contributing mechanism that partially explains how the mantram intervention reduces PTSD symptom severity in veterans may be by increasing levels of ESWB.

Existential well-being predicts perceived control in adults with heart failure

This study examined the relationship between spiritual well-being (SWB) and perceived control (PC) in adult patients with heart failure (HF). The sample included 75 adults ranging in age from 27 to 82 years. Participants verbally completed study questionnaires in a clinic room selected for privacy. Multiple linear regression results indicated that increased existential spiritual well-being (a subscale of SWB) predicted increased PC. Thus, patients with HF who adjust to personal changes and who also connect with others may develop meaning and purpose in life and may perceive increased control over their heart disease.