Objectives The purpose of this study is to find problems with basic literacy learning materials and to find directions for improvement by critically reviewing basic literacy learning materials provided by the basic education improvement support site. Methods Through literature research, the analysis criteria for basic literacy learning materials were prepared in terms of ‘learning content’ and ‘instruction principle’. The analysis targets 13 volumes of 5 basic literacy learning materials provided by the basic education improvement support site (Korean basic learning, hard-pressed Korean, dream-growing Korean, Chanchan Hangul, Hangul Hanmadang), and the analysis results were cross-reviewed. Results In terms of learning content, the problems were that basic literacy learning contents were not selected in a balanced manner, lack of learning materials related to phonological recognition, failure to present basic vocabulary considering the learner's level, and neglect detailed learning elements of fluency. In terms of guiding principles, the lack of explicit presentation of basic learning concepts, lack of guidance on functions and strategies, failure to provide opportunities for repetitive exercise activities, failure to subdivide and present learning units, and lack various sensory activities to promote learning motivation. Conclusions Based on the above critical review, first, when constructing basic literacy learning content, the basic literacy learning content should be evenly reflected and the level of learners should be considered. Second, in order to minimize learners' cognitive burden, explicit presentation of basic concepts, presentation of consistent functions and strategies, provision of opportunities for repetitive practice, presentation of segmented learning units, and composition of activities using various senses should be reflected. Third, in consideration of the utilization of learning materials, modifiable formats, individual files, and combined files should be provided together. Fourth, in order to secure learning materials that reflect the latestness, new materials should be steadily developed and pre-developed materials should be regularly updated.