Exegetical Method Research Articles

The Messianic Secret and the Significance of Preaching in Gabriele Biondo, Otto Brunfels, and Celio Secondo Curione

Abstract The “messianic secret” in the New Testament refers to instances where Christ instructed his followers to keep silent about his identity. While contemporary studies on the messianic secret have predominantly employed the historico-critical method, the Early Modern Period witnessed diverse interpretations that focused on edification and moralization. These interpretations emphasized the concealed Messiah’s identity, the act of revelation, and the duty to transmit the divine message as inseparable aspects of the Christian faith. The primary objective of this study is to explore the development of messianic secret interpretations in the first half of the sixteenth century. The study aims to address key questions such as: How were Jesus’s injunctions to silence interpreted? How did these interpretations shape biblical readings, preaching practices, and the evangelical mission? Did they impact the definition of the Church? Through a comparative analysis, this study examines the interpretations of three relatively contemporary authors – Gabriele Biondo, Otto Brunfels, and Celio Secondo Curione. It argues for the interconnectedness between biblical exegesis, preaching, the audience, theological concepts like predestination, holy remnant, and salvation, as well as the organization of the Church. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that diverse interpretations of Jesus’s actions and the messianic secret were rooted in changes in exegetical methods, the definition of the Church, and the understanding of the salvific message conveyed by Christ.

A Critique Of Ibn Al-Jawzi’s Discourse On Some Sufi Themes In His Talibisu Iblis

Sufism is shrouded with many polemics which keep thickened by the day. The gap between the anti and pro-Sufi scholars continues to widen with time. As the former scholars intensified efforts to discredit Sufism, the latter strengthened moves to consolidate it in Islam. One of the scholars both sides relied on in their discussions is Ibn Al-Jawzī. Talbīs Iblīs, which forms the kernel of discussions in this paper, is one of his works on Sufism. It is often said that the work is an attack on Sufism, but the Sufis denied this, stating that it is just an appraisal of different groups that make up Islam. The effort here is to critique various mystical themes in the work vis-à-vis Sufis’ renditions to determine their level of correlation or otherwise. Historical and exegetical methods are adopted. The former availed the opportunity to dig into relevant historical facts, while the latter assisted in analyzing his submissions on Sufism. It is discovered that Ibn Al-Jawzī was not particular about Sufism, but all groups of Muslims identified how Iblīs deluded each. Also, he did not entirely condemn Sufism but considered some doctrines and practices strange therein. His submissions were guided by his little practice of Sufism and observations of Sufis of his time. The paper concluded that Ibn Al-Jawzī's effort is not different from Ahmad Ibn Hanbalī's among his precursors and Ibn Taymiyyah among his successors. Keywords: cAqīdah, Iblīs, Ibn Al-Jawzī, Sufism, Raqṣ, Zuhd

Dosa Yang Mendatagkan Maut Dan Tidak Mendatangkan Maut 1 Yohanes 5:16-17 Serta Pengaruhnya Bagi Orang Kristen Masa Kini

The interpretation of 1 John 5:16, 17, which distinguishes between sin leading to death and sin not leading to death, remains a topic of debate among Bible scholars. Diverse viewpoints arise from theological interpretations and biblical studies. Further dialogue is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of this verse. Employing exegetical methods, the author endeavors to elucidate the concept of mortal sin and non-lethal sin. The research centers on scrutinizing sin in 1 John, particularly in verses 2:1 and 3:8, and comparing it with the context of verses 5:16, 17. It considers factors such as faith in Jesus as the Mediator and situations involving conscious sin or continuous transgression against God's law, both of which lead to death. A sin that doesn't lead to death pertains to a believer who, during their life's journey, may sin but subsequently confesses to God. In such cases, God forgives, preventing eternal death. 
 

Integral repair in the case of sexual crimes

Within the crimes against sexual integrity in Ecuador, comprehensive reparation is an essential right that judges must have when issuing a conviction. However, it does not adequately apply the parameters for setting the most suitable measures of comprehensive reparation for the victims of these crimes. Therefore, they must initiate a new process to demand a right of a constitutional nature. The present investigation analyzes the figure of integral reparation within the crimes against sexual integrity in Ecuador, for which, it uses a qualitative methodology, with a bibliographic-documentary modality, that is, it is based on secondary sources of investigation. Through the exegetical method, a study of the legal norms in force in Ecuadorian legislation is carried out. Through the technique of observation and study of cases, different judicial processes for this type of crime are analyzed, where comprehensive reparation is provided for the victims. The results within the investigation show that, in effect, since comprehensive reparation is a fundamental right, victims should not carry out additional judicial procedures so that their right can be fulfilled and guaranteed.

Критика «традиции» в контексте «психоаналитического метода» экзегезы О. Древермана

The paper examines the functions of “tradition” in the Catholic critical discourse basing on the works of one of the most provocative catholic authors of the second half of the 20th century. The meaning of “tradition” in Catholic theology seems to be rather vague; however, in the works of the 20th century theologians it is possible to trace two most general aspects of the concept: tradition as transcendent truth, given by God, and tradition as order, custom or teaching, created by people, historical in its character. The transcendent core of tradition has a strong positive connotation, while its historical aspect can be subject to critique. The two aspects are used both by the adherents of a conservative policy, and by the supporters of church reform, which testifies to a certain flexibility of the term. Eugen Drewermann, one of the most notable modern critics of the Catholic Church, uses the notion in a negative sense, which magnifies the critical potential of his argument. This critical effect does not result singularly from the definition of “tradition” Drewermann gives in his texts. In order to explicate the specific way the author uses the term and to reconstruct its critical potential, the article analyzes the notion of “tradition” functionally: basing on the author's three-volume thesis, Structures of Evil, where he combined biblical exegesis with current psychoanalytic knowledge, and Depth Psychology and Exegesis, the book where Drewermann continues to develop his innovative exegetical method. This approach makes it possible to trace how the notion acquires negative connotations: by excluding the transcendent aspect from the field of its denotations, by discussing religion in terms of psychoanalysis, as well as by linking tradition to such negatively connoted terms as “fear”, “neuroticism”, “external” and contrasting it to the “objective”, “internal”, “natural” and “true”. Eugen Drewermann’s critical interpretation of tradition based on the psychological understanding of religion in fact deprives Christianity of its transcendent origin and delegitimizes the modern institutional form of Catholicism: which allows the author to radicalize the question of the extent to which the Church is liable to change.

The Rio 20+ process, the idea of sustainable development - current and historical legal perspectives for sport and tourism

The article presents the characteristics and main assumptions of the RIO 20+ Process, and also focuses on the European Union's support for the idea of ​​sustainable development in the world. The starting point for further considerations in the article is to explain what the Rio 20+ Process is, what are its goals, main assumptions and how this process functioned in 2012. The work will discuss the document entitled "The future we want" in the context of sport and tourism. Conclusions will also be formulated regarding the idea to address this issue during the Polish Presidency of the EU Council in the second half of 2025. The article uses the dogmatic and exegetical method, documents that were produced under the so-called Rio 20+ concept. The article presents the personal views of the authors and cannot be interpreted as the position of any authority, entity or institution. The article presents the legal status as of January 1, 2023.

Überlegungen zur Rezeptionsgeschichte des Neuen Testaments im Gespräch mit Régis Burnet

AbstractThe present article first presents and explains the theses that emerge from Régis Burnet's monograph ‘Exegesis and History of Reception’ (Tübingen 2021) and from his SNTS Main Paper published in NTS 2023, ‘Why “Reception History” Is Not Just Another Exegetical Method: The Case of Mark's Ending’ (Leuven 2022). It then develops questions and perspectives that result from the dialogue between Burnet's approach and my own approach and continue this productive, unfinished discussion. It should be postulated that the history of interpretation and the reception history belong to the field of theological encyclopaedia and have the potential to lead to an ‘aesthetic theology’.

Thoughts of Shaykh Adam Abdullahi Al-Ilorī (1917-1992) on Islam and Cultural Practices among Yoruba Muslims in Nigeria

The practice of Islam in Yorubaland has posed serious challenges to many Muslims who find navigating between Islamic rules and Yoruba customary practices difficult. It has led many to Shirk (polytheism), Bidcah (heretical innovation), and Takhlīṭ (syncretism) among others with perilous effects in Islam. Unfortunately, many Muslims are unaware of these but adopted a free attitude to Islam. Shaykh Adam is one of the foremost scholars whose views are sought and relied upon by either Yoruba Muslims in their practice of Islam or by researchers who intend an assessment of the practice of Islam in Yorubaland, thus the crux of this paper is to examine his views on selected areas that are paramount to caqīdah (creed) and the general practice of Islam. Historical and exegetical methods are adopted in achieving the objectives of this paper. The former enabled the paper to assess historical facts that are related to the personality that the paper focused on, while the exegetical allowed the interpretation of relevant texts to the discourse of the paper. It is discovered that the interaction between Islam and culture in Yorubaland has necessitated both fine-tuning and abandonment of some customs. Social events like the naming ceremony, Islamic titles, and burial among others are fine-tuned, while magic, Ifa divination, bending or kneeling while greeting and a host of others are condemned and to be abandoned. The paper, therefore, concluded that Shaykh Adam remains a prominent personality whose views are driven by scholarship to liberate Muslims from the shackle of ignorance and perdition.

A Critical Analysis of the Response of Ilorin Sufi Scholars to Anti-Sufi Uprising in the Seventies in Nigeria

Sufism has been trailed by different criticisms for a long period. Different Muslim communities across the Muslim world have experienced anti-Sufism drives but launched in Nigeria in the seventies as it was inaugurated and coordinated by Shaykh Abubakar Mahmud Gumi, who acted under the guise and influence of Wahhābiyya-Salafiyya. As a result, Sufis across communities started responding by either preaching or writing. Sufi scholars in Ilorin, a border community between the North and South, were among the early responders to anti-Sufism who took to writing. Therefore, this paper is a critical analysis of the contents of Rafḍ al-Shubuhāt, written as a response to anti-Sufi waves in the city. An exegetical method of research was adopted to determine the appropriateness of the Sufi scholars to the anti-Sufism campaign in the metropolis. The findings revealed that most of the Salafiyya’s claims are unfounded and lack the proof to establish their genuineness, while the responses of the Sufi are not only appropriate but are also laced with evidence from the Qur’an, Ḥadīth, and submissions of different scholars, some of whom were Salafiyya scholars. The book is therefore recommended for the defence of Sufism in contemporary times.Contribution: This study contributes to revealing the efforts to tackle the anti-Sufism movement initiated by Sufis scholars in Ilorin Nigeria, by writing a book entitled Rafḍ al-Shubuhāt, as a counter-opinion.

A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples by Roy A. Harrisville

Reviewed by: A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples by Roy A. Harrisville Charles B. Puskas A Brief Guide to New Testament Interpretation: History, Methods, and Practical Examples. By Roy A. Harrisville. Eugene, Oregon: Cascade Books, 2022. 120 pp. The academic study of the New Testament encounters issues like the synoptic problem, the function of parables, the fulfillment of Israel's scriptures, apocalyptic language, and the ending of Mark's Gospel. Since early last century, various methods have been employed from the lower critical methods of textual criticism to the higher critical methods of source, form, and redaction criticisms. Recalling the heuristic figurations of Paul Ricoeur, New Testament study has also focused on the world of the text (such as synchronic narrative, structural, and rhetorical criticisms) and the lifeworld of the reader (reader-response and ideological criticisms), in addition to its attention on the world behind the text (diachronic textual and historical criticisms). This author, a preeminent Lutheran scholar of New Testament studies, has added to the array of books on exegetical methods. This volume is particularly important given his many decades as a professor at Luther Seminary. What sets this thirteen-chapter book apart is his concern for the seminary student and pastor, specifically, regarding kerygma, event, and witness in the initial chapters. Another unique feature is his thumbnail sketch of the history of New Testament interpretation from the ancient church to the present, which is basically a summary of his Pandora's Box Opened (Eerdmans, 2014). Also distinctive are his helpful New Testament illustrations of the method and limits of the interpretative approach found throughout the book. His concise discussions of lower and higher criticisms recall early developments such as the Gutenberg press (22) and some of the earliest pioneers in this field (28). Next, the chapters on source, form, [End Page 195] and redaction criticisms demonstrate the work of an experienced practitioner of the methodology. His illustrations are insightful (see on the textual variants of Rom 5:1, 24–25) as are his caveats of the shortcomings (see on redaction analysis, 45). Still, I had hoped that he would have mentioned how redaction criticism often ignores the storyline of Jesus in its efforts to recover the contextual clues of the post-resurrection community and its author. The final chapters include sections on lexicography, sociological criticism, rhetorical criticism, structural analysis, post-structuralist analysis, reader-response criticism, feminist analysis. More could have been included (for example, genre analysis, canonical criticism). In chapters ten through thirteen on synchronic and post-modern methods the author states, "Over the years, malaise increased over the viability of historical method … The result has been a flurry of methods" (62). Many of his caveats are noteworthy. For example, while acknowledging the marginalization of women in our society and in the patriarchal culture of the Bible, Harrisville points out that "to distinguish Israel's faith … from Canaanite worship in which the goddess Astarte vied for equal status with Baal, or from Greek and Roman religion with their plethora of gods and goddesses … the male pronoun Jahve or El … or 'I am' … was sorely needed." (79). His concluding chapter hearkens back to the first chapters on the historical context of the kerygma, the witness of faith, the living message of God embodied in the text. Unfortunately, I have found some typographical errors: "the gragment-hypothesis of F. D. E. Schleiermacher" (28), "Isaiah 9" should read Isaiah 6:9 (41), and "Rom 12:24" should read Rom 12:21. I also wish that more was written about Bultmann and Käsemann, but they are more fully discussed in his The Bible and Modern Culture with co-author Walter Sundberg. The book includes a short glossary of key terms, a bibliography of works cited, and author and scripture indexes. This brief guide by a seasoned scholar will make an excellent supplemental text to courses on the New Testament, the Four Gospels, New Testament Exegesis, and Homiletics. [End Page 196] Charles B. Puskas Lino Lakes, Minnesota Copyright © 2023 Johns Hopkins University Press and Lutheran Quarterly, Inc.

PUBLIC POLICIES TO PROTECT POPULAR AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY ORGANIZATIONS IN ECUADOR

In Ecuador, the popular and solidarity economy system seeks to dynamize the country's economicsovereignty, strengthening and encouraging the actors of the system so that they can carry outprocesses of production, distribution and commercialization of goods and services of these actors.In effect, the qualitative foundations, based on the exegetical methods, documentary analysis andbibliographic review used allowed determining that, in order to achieve the goals pursued by thepopular and solidarity economy system, public policies connote importance and transcendencewithin the economic sovereignty and its system, since they encourage, make effective, promoteand encourage to fulfill the goals pursued by these organizations of the Popular and SolidarityEconomy system, consequently, the strengthening of the country's economic sovereignty.

Análisis del Ius Variandi en Ecuador: los retos del Código del Trabajo

The present study aims to investigate the content and limits of the ius variandi, including its relationship with the phenomenon of flexibility, from which it can establish a diagnosis regarding the state of its current recognition within the Ecuadorian private Labor Law. On the other hand, it deals with analyzing the development of the ius variandi in other systems of the Ibero-American context of Spain and Peru, and evaluating its impact on the essential conditions of the employment contract. Finally, an attempt is made to provide some conclusions with a view to introducing an organic regulation of the ius variandi in the Ecuadorian private Labor Law, resulting from the contrast between the findings of comparative law, on one side, and the deficiencies detected in the Ecuadorian regulations, on the other. During the research, categorized as descriptive, and conducted with a qualitative approach, through the use of analytical-synthetic, comparative and exegetical methods, it has been possible the analysis of the normative, doctrinal and jurisprudential content, about the ius variandi, produced in the context of the countries studied.

Critical Study of Rita Wahyu’s Interpretation of Matthew 1:20 - Is Jesus Christ the Holy Spirit?

An article titled “Yesus dan Roh Kudus” written by Rita Wahyu and published on the website “Sarapan Pagi Biblikal” became highly controversial in 2021, particularly regarding her interpretation of the text in Matthew 1:20. The article contains elements of Modalism, Modalistic Monarchianism, or Sabellianism, which teach about the Oneness of God, meaning that God has one nature and one person with three names: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Rita emphasizes her thesis on the preposition ἐκ in the text, which she believes should be interpreted as “of” in English, indicating that the child in Mary’s womb is the Holy Spirit. However, research on the preposition ἐκ in Matthew 1:20 using exegetical methods based on Biblical grammattical laws shows that Rita’s interpretation lacks a basis that can be sustained exegetically. Her interpretation of the preposition is eisegesis, not exegesis. From an exegetical standpoint, the preposition ἐκ in the text indicates the source or origin of the child; the cause or agent of Mary’s pregnancy; and/or the giver of the seed of the baby in Mary’s womb, namely the Holy Spirit.

"In God alone my soul can find rest" (Ps62:2) : Silence and pain in the Psalms and their narrativizations in Taizé

Atheological perspective on dealing with crises that focuses on modes of endurance and gestalt, is supported by interdisciplinary resilience research. How can silence contribute to aproductive coping with crises and pain? Texts and practices of the Christian tradition are discussed with respect to their ways of dealing with critical and painful situations, namely a)the Psalm texts of the Old Testament, which are examined by means of exegetical methods for historical and cultural aspects of meaning and b)the practice of silence in the prayers of the Taizé community, which are examined from anarrative hermeneutical perspective. By understanding silence as an ambiguous and ambivalent phenomenon, it can contribute to aproductive way of dealing with pain that enables perception, confrontation and acceptance. It is crucial not to regard the silence of asufferer as amere endurance, but also to have an eye on the creative potentials. Cultural and religious narratives and practices can help to locate oneself in a"space of silence" in such away that aresilient way of dealing with experiences of pain becomes possible. In order for silence to promote resilience, it is necessary to keep an eye on productive as well as destructive processes of silence as an ambivalent phenomenon: These processes occur in an uncontrollable way and are shaped by implicit normative assumptions. Silence can be experienced as loneliness, isolation and the loss of quality of life, or silence can become aplace of encounter, of arrival, of security, and in prayer of trust in God.

El sistema judicial como garante de los derechos de la comunidad LGBTIQ+

The negligence of the Ecuadorian and Latin American judicial system with respect to the LGBTIQ+ community has unleashed a massive wave of human rights violations. Therefore, it is evident that the Ecuadorian State has not yet opted for the legal concern towards this community, making acts of violence against it invisible. Therefore, legislators would be in the need to grant people belonging to the LGBTIQ+ community a law that provides protection and protection to this group, in order to eradicate acts of violence and discrimination. In Ecuador, data has been collected by INEC together with the direct support of organizations aimed at Pro, Rights of the LGBTIQ+ population; every 8 out of 10 people belonging to this population have suffered acts of hatred, from family, educational, labor and social spaces. The current article seeks to gather information in an analytical way about the violence suffered by LGBTIQ+ people, and in accordance with these existing acts of violence, the judicial system has made this problem invisible, for which within this thesis, a qualitative study has been developed, with historical and cultural sensitivity, applying methodology with the name "Snowball" with respect that we are dealing with a hidden population, respectively their exact number is unknown, finally for the correct and due interpretation regarding the norm was used the legal exegetical method as well as comparative law.

Konstruksi Pernikahan Kristiani dalam Perspektif Kejadian 2:24

Abstract
 Marriage is an irreplaceable and core institution of human society. Marriage created by God before the fall of Adam and Eve. Marriage communicates deep spiritual truth, including speaking to the human race about the relationship of God to his people, pointing to the marriage between Christ and his Church at the end of history. In it, one man and one woman freely and publicly enter into the marital covenant, through solemn vows, to accept and fulfill all the obligations of marriage, including an exclusive sexual relationship. When talking about the marriage principle we will certainly be faced with a variety of different views and attitudes. This literature study describes the Christian marriage principle in the Genesis 2:24. To explain this, the author gives various information from library sources related to the research topic. This research is a qualitative research with exegetical methods. From the research carried out, the Christian marriage principle taught by the word of God is little different from the marriage principle in general. The research result suggest that the principles of marriage contained in Genesis 2:24 are as follows; shall leave father and mother, shall cleave to spouse and shall become one flesh.

Extraordinary and Unavoidable Circumstances in Tourism under COVID-19 and Post Pandemic Times—Casus Poland as Example of Sustainability Management

The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and should not be taken as reflecting the position of any authority, entity or institution. This article presents the legal status as of 25 June 2022. In accordance with the Directive (EU) 2015/2302 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on package travel and linked travel arrangements, amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 90/314/EEC, tour operators registered in Poland are required to refund payments to travelers in the case of cancellation of their travel package due to extraordinary and unavoidable circumstances within 14 days of its termination. The traveler has the right to terminate the package travel contract before the start of the trip without paying any termination fee in the event of unavoidable and extraordinary circumstances occurring at the destination or its immediate vicinity and which significantly affect the implementation of the package or the transport of passengers to their final destination. In the case of termination of the package travel contract due to unavoidable and extraordinary circumstances, the traveler is entitled to a full refund of any payments made for the package travel but is not entitled to any additional compensation. The tour operator makes the return within 14 days from the effective termination of the travel contract. In the article we will describe the situation during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-COVID times. The significance and implications of our findings and arguments show how important this is in designing a state’s tourism policy. Targeted aid can be designed well in advance of extraordinary and unavoidable circumstances. In our opinion and the opinions of business practitioners, extraordinary and unavoidable circumstances in tourism occur on average every ten years, e.g., the1992 Yugoslavia war, 2001 attack on the World Trade Center, 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption, and the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the research show the effectiveness of legal instruments enacted by the Polish government during the COVID 19 crisis and the war in Ukraine. In the article we use two methods—empirical, related to the authors’ own experience, and dogmatic–exegetical. The empirical research was based on the authors’ experience as those responsible for the implementation of statutory regulations (director in the Ministry of Sport and Tourism and Ministry’s advisor) and on the concept of law as one of the normative systems in society—the operation of law in the sphere of social and economic life, which is tourism. A dogmatic–exegetical method was also used, which allowed for the study of the literature on the subject and the review of legal regulations. In our research, we also used the method of the economic analysis of law (law and economics method). Graphical presentation of the research results and the impact of the introduced support mechanisms on supply and demand indicate the desirability of solutions in this area.

La eficacia de la prueba y el principio de economía procesal en materia civil

The Ecuadorian civil legal system has been immersed in long and slow processes, which has generated the wear and tear of both the judicial apparatus and the administration of justice. In search of improvements for this situation, the Ecuadorian legislators have raised in the civil legal system, a series of procedural principles, governing evidence and evidentiary activity, which aspire to a better application of justice. This inductive research, with a qualitative approach, has as a general objective: to critically analyze how impertinence, impropriety or illegality in obtaining and/or producing evidence violates the principle of procedural economy and with it, due process. In addition, exegetical methods and bibliographic review have been applied, which have allowed us to conclude that there is no respect for due process in terms of the evidentiary activity of numerous non-criminal cases, which has a decisive influence on the delay and delay in the administration of justice in Ecuador, despite the constitutional and legal precepts in this regard.

Cosmology of Saint Victorinus of Poetovio: from the Creation of Light to the Creation of Adam

This article reveals the cosmology, or the doctrine of the creation of a little-known holy father and, possibly, the first martyr of the Pannonian province of the Roman Empire – Saint Victorinus of Poetovio (c. 230 - 303/304), the author of the first Latin Six Days. Victorinus, in his original writings - the treatise "On the Creation of the World" and the interpretation of "On Revelation", using various exegetical methods, for example, allegories and typologies - paid particular attention to the meaning and purpose of creation, the first, fourth, fifth and sixth days of creation. As for the second and third days of creation, you need to be an attentive reader in order to find the necessary information in the treatise "On the Creation of the World". At the same time, it should be borne in mind that Victorinus of Poetovio, as a supporter of binitarianism, taught that there is a single God the Creator, or God the Father and God the Son. However, this does not mean that Victorinus did not know anything about the Holy Spirit, since in the treatise "On the Creation of the World" and the interpretation "On Revelation", He is repeatedly mentioned, starting with the events associated with the incarnation of the Son of God into the world. As a result, we learn that the world, or the universe, was created by God in six days from nothing and for the glorification of His greatness by the primordial man, or the first people, the primordial and other angels, as well as animals. In addition, the uniqueness of this Six Days lies in the fact that Victorinus of Poetovio, when writing it, used not only the Holy Scriptures and Holy Tradition but also repeatedly resorted to the author's innovation.

A Contextual Analysis of Θεραπεία (Healing) of a Centurion’s Servant In Luke 7:1-10 in Relation to Healing Practices in the Christ Apostolic Church, Ibadan, Nigeria

Healing and health are fundamental to human life. People go to any extent to seek healing. When orthodox medicine fails, people do not hesitate to go to prayer houses and even herbalists to procure healing. The centrality of healing features prominently in Jesus' earthly ministry. In compliance with Jesus' instruction to his followers to preach the gospel and heal the sick, the CAC has made healing one of its major preoccupations. However, there are cases of ministers using extra-Biblical means to perform healing such as the sale of anointing oil, handkerchief, and water. Also, ministers seek gratification from beneficiaries of healing and other abuses that were not witnessed during Jesus' ministry. Therefore, this study investigated healing in Luke's Gospel and its application in Christ Apostolic Church to ascertain the degree of compliance to Jesus' command. The study adopted a mixed method comprising hermeneutical and exegetical methods to analyse the text to bring out the essential meaning of healing in the Bible in relation to the practice of the CAC, and a descriptive method of a survey type was employed. The results of the interview were qualitatively analysed. The study concluded that healing is a fundamental aspect of the liturgy and practice of the CAC, which helps in bringing members to salvation. Therefore, the study recommended that the church's authority should ensure strict compliance with the principles and techniques of healing adopted by Jesus in Luke's Gospel.