Epistemology, exegetic methodology and Old Testament theology Scientific and theological statements are deeply rooted in the socio-cultural context of the individual researcher. Different exegetical methods must be evaluated each according to its epistemological paradigm. Historical and structural elements in biblical texts should not be seen in terms of a clash between historical and structural paradigms. Exegetical methodology of the Old Testament is entering a post-critical phase which has implications for the diversity of Old Testament texts and theologies. Historical understanding bridges the gap between today, Word and event respectively by means of a horizon convergence and forms part of a holistic approach. The Old Testament theology cannot achieve its task, for today, without the interchange between text, exegetical method and scientific theory.