Executive Characteristics Research Articles

Executive characteristics as moderators: Exploring the impact of geopolitical risk on capital structure decisions

This study examines the relationship between geopolitical risk and firms’ capital structure decisions, focusing on the moderating effects of executive characteristics. Using US corporations data from 1992 to 2020, we find that firms adopt more conservative capital structure choices in response to higher exposure to geopolitical risk. Furthermore, we investigate how executives’ age and gender influence this relationship. Our findings indicate that firms with a higher proportion of female executives demonstrate heightened sensitivity to geopolitical risk, leading to more risk-averse financial decisions. In contrast, firms with older executives attenuate the adverse impact of geopolitical risk on financial leverage, suggesting a mitigating effect. The robustness of our results is confirmed through alternative measures of capital structure and estimation methods. We also identify risk aversion as a potential channel through which geopolitical risk affects capital structure choices and examine the role of executive characteristics in this channel using a moderated mediation model.

PENGARUH KARAKTER EKSEKUTIF, KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK

This study aims to determine how the Effect of Executive Character, Financial Performance and Company Size on Tax Avoidance. This research method uses associative quantitative, the object of research in manufacturing companies in the primary consumer goods sub-sector, using purposive sampling techniques in collecting data samples and the type of data used is secondary data. The total population in this study were 119 companies and a total sample of 28 companies so that 140 observation data were obtained in this study. The data analysis used in this study used panel data regression using the Eviews 12 test tool. The results showed that Executive Character, Financial Performance and Company Size had an effect on Tax Avoidance simultaneously, Executive Character and Company Size partially on Tax Avoidance while Financial Performance had no effect on tax avoidance. The benefits of this research are expected to be used as a means of information in accounting and taxation for the community.

VARIABLES THAT INFLUENCE TAX AVOIDANCE OF FINANCIAL SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX

Tax revenue has increased every year, so the government must encourage tax compliance activities so that community welfare and development can be realized. The government must ensure that there are no tax avoidance practices carried out by taxpayers given the application of the self-assessment collection system in Indonesia. This study aims to determine how executive character, executive compensation, institutional ownership, independent commissioners, and accounting conservatism have an impact on the tax avoidance of financial sector companies listed on IDX. The technique that was used in this research is purpose sampling with the results of about 25 financial sector companies listed on the IDX. In this research, multiple linear regression analysis testing was carried out using the SPSS IBM Statistics program. The results obtained from this study confirm that executive character has a significant and positive influence on tax avoidance, on the other hand, executive compensation, institutional ownership, independent commissioners, and accounting conservatism do not have a significant effect on tax avoidance. According to this study, companies should show more attractive environmental performance to attract investors.

Do CEOs with new compound surnames have better ESG performance? Evidence from China

In the cultural context of “the children follow the father's surname,” the incorporation of both parents' surnames into the children's surnames (i.e., the “new compound surnames” phenomenon) reflects the conceptual change that occurred during the modernization of society. Using a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2011 to 2020, this study examines whether firms led by CEOs with new compound surnames are associated with better environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. We find that firms led by CEOs with new compound surnames have significantly higher ESG performance scores. This finding holds after an array of robustness checks. We also find that the effect of CEOs with new compound surnames on ESG performance is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, firms led by CEOs with lower personal economic motivation, and firms located in areas with higher marketization. Our study contributes to the research on executive characteristics and informal institutions by exploring the informativeness of CEOs' new compound surnames and has important implications for corporate governance.

The impact of executive cognitive characteristics on a firm’s ESG performance: an institutional theory perspective

The impact of executive cognitive characteristics on a firm’s ESG performance: an institutional theory perspective

Analysis of the Connection Between Executive Remuneration and Corporate Fiscal Achievement

The interplay between top executive pays and fiscal achievements remains at the forefront of discourse in organizational leadership and governance frameworks. Understanding the connection between executive incentives and performance outcomes is crucial for effective corporate governance. This study dives deep into the tapestry of research that dissects these nuanced interactions. Executive compensation, a critical component of corporate governance, directly influences the behaviors and decision-making of top executives. Simultaneously, financial performance serves as a key indicator of a company's operational health and ability to generate value. According to the analysis, the relationship between both is complete and multifaceted. In some cases, higher levels of executive remuneration are positively correlated with improved financial performance, while negative correlations also exist. The relationship between the two is influenced by characteristics, e.g., corporate governance, industry characteristics, company performance, and individual executive characteristics. Numerous studies are currently available on the relationship between the two. However, it is important to acknowledge the limitations and shortcomings of the existing studies, which may impact the generalizability and applicability of the findings. In conclusion, the nexus between executive compensation and financial output is a complex and multidimensional issue that requires further in-depth research and study.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Karakter Eksekutif terhadap Nilai Perusahaan : Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2021

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, managerial ownership and executive character on firm value. The sample used in this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2016-2021. Sampling in this study used a purposive sampling method and obtained 22 companies with data processed from 123 annual financial reports. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results in this study state that profitability has a positive effect on firm value, managerial ownership does not have a positive effect on firm value, executive character has a positive effect on firm value.

PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS, KARAKTER EKSEKUTIF, THIN CAPITALIZATION DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2018-2022)

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of financial distress, executivecharacter, thin capitalization, institutional ownership on tax avoidance. The type ofresearch used in this study is quantitative research using decriptive statisticalmethods. The population in this study are mining companies listed on the IndonesiaStock Exchange in 2018-2022, totaling 48 companies. The sampling technique inthis study used purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data in the form ofannual financial reports. The method of analysis used in research is a method ofdouble linear regression analysis with SPSS 25 program. The results of this studyindicate that financial distress has no effect on tax avoidance with a sig value 0,691,executive character has no effect on tax avoidance with a sig value 0,151 thincapitalization has no effect on tax avoidance with a sig value 0,739 institusionalownership has a negative effect on tax avoidance with a sig value 0,000.

Assessment of ADHD Subtypes Using Motion Tracking Recognition Based on Stroop Color-Word Tests.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder known for its significant heterogeneity and varied symptom presentation. Describing the different subtypes as predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I), combined (ADHD-C), and hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-H) relies primarily on clinical observations, which can be subjective. To address the need for more objective diagnostic methods, this pilot study implemented a Microsoft Kinect-based Stroop Color-Word Test (KSWCT) with the objective of investigating the potential differences in executive function and motor control between different subtypes in a group of children and adolescents with ADHD. A series of linear mixture modeling were used to encompass the performance accuracy, reaction times, and extraneous movements during the tests. Our findings suggested that age plays a critical role, and older subjects showed improvements in KSWCT performance; however, no significant divergence in activity level between the subtypes (ADHD-I and ADHD-H/C) was established. Patients with ADHD-H/C showed tendencies toward deficits in motor planning and executive control, exhibited by shorter reaction times for incorrect responses and more difficulty suppressing erroneous responses. This study provides preliminary evidence of unique executive characteristics among ADHD subtypes, advances our understanding of the heterogeneity of the disorder, and lays the foundation for the development of refined and objective diagnostic tools for ADHD.

Senior executive characteristics: Impact on ESG practices and corporate valuation relationship.

In recent years, sustainable development and green growth and performance of companies in environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) has received widespread attention from all sectors of society. Based on panel data of A-share listed companies in China from 2009 to 2022, this study employs a two-way fixed effects model to explore the mechanism of the relationship between ESG practices and corporate value, as well as the moderating effect of executive characteristics within this relationship. The results indicate a robust positive relationship between ESG practices and corporate value. ‎However, this relationship is moderated by the academic backgrounds of senior ‎executives, who negatively influence it, and by male executives, who exert a positive ‎moderating effect. Furthermore, this study reveals the variable impacts of ESG practices in different corporate ‎settings, industries, and institutional frameworks. Moreover, it demonstrates how ESG practices ‎boost corporate value through an enhanced reputation and increased government innovation ‎subsidies. It offers new insights on the strategic value of ESG for corporations and ‎policymakers. It also extends the theoretical framework by integrating attention-based and upper ‎echelons perspectives into the ESG discourse. ‎.

Chief executive officers' characteristics and the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises: a quantile regression approach

Chief executive officers' characteristics and the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises: a quantile regression approach

The impact of executive characteristics on earnings management of R&D activities

The impact of executive characteristics on earnings management of R&D activities

Executive Character, Leverage, Political Connection, and Profitability on Tax Avoidance: Moderated By Institutional Ownership

Executive Character, Leverage, Political Connection, and Profitability on Tax Avoidance: Moderated By Institutional Ownership

Corporate Executive Background and Corporate Performance

In todays era of intense economic competition and globalisation of the economy, companies and individuals are being pushed to upgrade their backgrounds to adapt to the times and promote their development. This paper focuses on the relationship between executives backgrounds and corporate performance, and learns that executives backgrounds of overseas study and overseas work can help them to make correct corporate decisions and thus improve corporate performance. Although the academic background of executives can help to improve corporate performance, it sometimes contradicts with the maximisation of corporate shareholders interests, and corporations need to pay attention to it, as well as the personal characteristics of executives. The results of the study suggest that it is important to consider the impact of executive background on corporate performance from various aspects and weigh the pros and cons so as to find the most suitable one for the enterprise. Meanwhile, it also suggests the direction of future research in this area.

The Impact of ESG Performance on Innovation Research

High-quality economic and social development has become the main theme of the current era, and the promotion of corporate ESG development is of great significance to the implementation of the new development concept of "innovation, harmony, greenness, openness and sharing". This paper takes 3,784 listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2011 to 2021 as research samples, and conducts research on ESG performance and corporate innovation with the help of Stata17.0 software, based on which it further examines the roles of financing constraints, the proportion of QFII, and the characteristics of senior executives in this influence path. The study finds that: (1) ESG performance has a significant role in promoting corporate innovation; (2) ESG performance can alleviate financing constraints and increase the QFII ratio, thus enhancing corporate innovation; (3) executives with academic background and overseas study background can positively regulate the relationship between ESG performance and corporate innovation. (4) Firms in the eastern and central regions can promote R&D investment by improving ESG performance, and firms in the central region can promote corporate innovation performance more significantly by improving ESG performance. (5) Firms in the national region are able to promote innovation output by improving ESG performance, but state-owned enterprises are unable to improve R&D investment through ESG performance. The findings provide some empirical basis for further promoting corporate strategy development and improving corporate governance mechanisms.

Association between executives’ foreign background and audit fees

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the association between executives with foreign backgrounds and the audit fees paid by the Chinese-listed firms over the period from 2010 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the association between executives’ foreign experience and audit fees, this study constructs the following empirical model: Lnfeei,t = β0 + β1Foreign backgroundi,t + ∑βj Controli,t + YearFE + IndFE + εi,t (1).FindingsThis study finds that auditors charge higher fees for firms hiring more executives with foreign backgrounds. The results are robust to a battery of robustness checks, including fixed effects, alternative measures of independent variable, controlling for other characteristics of executives and auditors and entropy balancing method.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on how executives’ foreign backgrounds affect audit fees, enriching the literature on executive heterogeneity and audit fees and providing important implications for audit practitioners.

THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, EXECUTIVE CHARACTER AND COMPANY SIZE ON TAX AVOIDANCE

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, executive character and company size on tax avoidance in companies in the primary consumer goods sector (consumer noncyclical) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. The population in this study was 70 companies. This study used 40 companies in the primary consumer goods sector (consumer noncyclical) listed on the IDX, the sampling technique used was the proportionate stratified random sampling technique from the period 2018-2022 with a sample number of 200 data. The data used are quantitative data sourced from secondary data, then the data collected are analyzed using descriptive analysis methods and multiple linear regression analysis followed by multicollinearity tests, autocorrelation tests, heteroscedasticity tests, normality tests and correlation analysis. Based on the results of the study shows that simultaneously profitability, executive character and company size have an insignificant effect on tax avoidance. And the test results partially show that profitability has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, executive character has a positive effect is not significant and company size has a negative effect is not significant on tax avoidance.

Environmental Protection Investment by Chinese Enterprises: A Literature Review

This article provides a literature review on environmental investment by Chinese enterprises. It summarizes the influencing factors of environmental investment by Chinese enterprises from internal factors such as property rights, equity structure, executive characteristics, and board characteristics, as well as external factors such as environmental regulations, capital markets, market competition, media and public attention. It also summarizes the effects of environmental investment by Chinese enterprises from three aspects: economic benefits, high-quality development, and opening up to the outside world, To provide inspiration for further in-depth research.

The Impact of Executive Ethnic Diversity on Real Earnings Management

SYNOPSIS This study examines the impact of the ethnic diversity of executives on real earnings management (REM) by using 21,217 firm-year observations for 2,209 U.S. public firms between 1993 and 2020. Social identity theory and top management team research suggest executive diversity enhances mutual monitoring and subordinate executives’ independence from the CEO, thus incentivizing subordinate executives to curb CEOs’ opportunistic financial reporting. The empirical results indicate a negative relation between executive ethnic diversity and REM. This result holds after controlling for various characteristics of executives and firms, as well as for potential endogeneity by using instrumental variable regressions and entropy balancing technique. Cross-sectional tests show that the effect is stronger when each executive has a greater influence on the firm’s operating decisions and when the firm has better internal corporate governance. Collectively, our evidence suggests that executive ethnic diversity strengthens the internal governance of U.S. public firms. JEL Classifications: M41; M48.

The power of CEO growing up in poverty: Enabling better corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance

AbstractRecently, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) has been the subject of extensive research and publication. Researchers have pointed out that corporate ESG performance is not only determined by the demographic and personality characteristics of current executives, but also by early‐life experiences. Recent research has illuminated the influence that early‐life experiences of executives have on corporate social performance. However, there is still a lack of research on how executive poverty experiences affects corporate ESG performance. To fill this void, our study investigates the potential influence of CEOs' childhood poverty experiences on corporate ESG performance, employing the upper echelon theory and imprinting theory. Specifically, we gathered data for publicly traded Chinese companies from 2011 to 2020, and discovered that companies helmed by CEOs who grew up in underprivileged neighborhoods demonstrated superior ESG performance. We also scrutinized the moderating mechanisms that impacted the strength and attenuation of poverty imprinting. Our findings reveal that CEO expected tenure and green investors augment the favorable impact of poverty imprinting on corporate ESG performance, while CEOs who receive higher compensation exhibit a weaker imprint. Our study contributes significantly to the imprinting field and the literature on corporate ESG performance, while also providing valuable insights into strategies that facilitate pro‐social conduct among firms.