Execution Steps Research Articles

IOT-Based Cultural Movement And Monitoring Systems With Renewable Energy Utilities

The procedure of watering for and keeping track of the temperature and humidity levels in the room has a significant impact on the growth and productivity of oyster mushroom plants. It is often believed to be less effective and efficient because people in the Banyuwangi district perform the irrigation process conventionally with human aid. In order to construct digital businesses, artificial intelligence, cognitive technology, and (IoT) are being developed. People's daily lives are becoming more advanced and connected because to this transformation. This will encourage the creation of fresh innovations. Given this context, the idea to undertake research on the method of automatically and continuously monitoring watering (spraying) mushroom production using the Internet of Things (IoT) developed. In order to improve the effectiveness and productivity of mushroom cultivation, this instrument is designed with a temperature sensor (LM35) to monitor the humidity conditions of oyster mushroom plants. It is also fitted with a solar renewable energy system. In order to improve the effectiveness and productivity of mushroom cultivation, this instrument is designed with a temperature sensor (LM35) to monitor the humidity conditions of oyster mushroom plants. It is also fitted with a solar renewable energy system. The five steps of this study's execution were: a needs analysis; tool design; tool prototype; prototype testing; and conclusion. According to test results, the IoT-based control system for watering mushroom cultivation has an average error of 0.1% when measuring temperature and an average error of 2.66% when measuring humidity. This is almost perfect in terms of sensor readings, indicating that it can be used properly. While the success rate for the spray control system using the IoT system after five trials was 100%, the voltage, current, and power for solar panels were 17.60 V, 4.10 A, and 55.7 Watt at 14.00 during the day.

Numerical Realization of Shallow Water Bodies’ Hydrodynamics Grid Equations using Tridiagonal Preconditioner in Areas of Complex Shape

Introduction. Mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic processes in shallow reservoirs of complex geometry in the presence of coastal engineering systems requires an integrated approach in the development of algorithms for constructing computational grids and methods for solving grid equations. The work is devoted to the description of algorithms that allow to reduce the time for solving SLAE by using an algorithm for processing overlapping geometry segments and organizing parallel pipeline calculations. The aim of the work is to compare the acceleration of parallel algorithms for the methods of Seidel, Jacobi, modified alternately triangular method and the method of solving grid equations with tridiagonal preconditioner depending on the number of computational nodes.Materials and Methods. The numerical implementation of the modified alternating-triangular iterative method for solving grid equations (MATM) of high dimension is based on parallel algorithms based on a conveyor computing process. The decomposition of the computational domain for the organization of the pipeline calculation process has been performed. A graph model is introduced that allows to fix the connections between neighboring fragments of the computational grid. To describe the complex geometry of a reservoir, including coastal structures, an algorithm for overlapping geometry segments is proposed.Results. It was found that the efficiency of implementing one step of the MATM on the GPU depends only on the number of threads along the Oz axis, and the step execution time is inversely proportional to the number of nodes of the computational grid along the Oz axis. Therefore, it is recommended to decompose the computational domain into parallelepipeds in such a way that the size along the Oz axis is maximum, and the size along the Ox axis is minimal. Thanks to the algorithm for combining geometry segments, it was possible to speed up the calculation by 14–27 %.Discussion and Conclusions. An algorithm has been developed and numerically implemented for solving a system of large-dimensional grid equations arising during the discretization of the shallow water bodies’ hydrodynamics problem by MATM, adapted for heterogeneous computing systems. The graph model of a parallel-pipeline computing process is proposed. The connection of water body’s geometry segments allowed to reduce the number of computational operations and increase the speed of calculations. The efficiency of parallel algorithms for the methods of Seidel, Jacobi, modified alternately triangular method and the method of solving grid equations for problems of hydrodynamics in flat areas, depending on the number of computational nodes, is compared.

Developing Framework for Teaching Technical Skills to Metalwork Undergraduates in Vocational-Based Education in Nigeria

The rising prevalence of unemployment and high demands at workplaces require vocational-based education teachers to devise an appropriate practical skills procedure. Teaching through a well-designed instructional procedure that stresses learners' involvement in skill practice is an alternative to cultivating skills. This study proposes a scientific procedure for implementing a vocational-based education curriculum in colleges of education by identifying key activities that lecturers and industrial technicians considered to be important for teaching undergraduate technical skills in Nigeria. There is no accepted framework for teachers to teach skills and evaluate their instruction. Efforts have been made to create such a prospective framework, but none has been put into use (Bannister et al. 2018) because they are poorly understood (Sarker, Vincent, and Darzi 2005). The study utilized the Delphi research strategy to gain consensus about the processes and activities involved in teaching skills. Then, employed the Four D Model (4-D model), which included the steps of Task identification, Material arrangement, Task execution, and Task evaluation, was developed in the research. We test a model of factors predicting the appropriate teaching model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. The result revealed the differential effect of the variables considered. However, the activities in each stage were utilized to design the scientific procedure for teaching technical skills in colleges of education. Because learning skills that are shielded in hands-on activities rely upon teaching procedures and skill practice opportunities, we concluded that effectively utilizing this scientific framework in colleges would improve students’ practical skills acquisition and make them active in the learning process.

The contribution of executive control dysfunction to freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

ObjectiveAn executive dysfunction is supposed to contribute to freezing of gait (FoG) in Parkinson’s disease. We aimed to investigate at a behavioral and cortical levels whether an attentional load (particularly, a conflicting situation) can specifically impact preparation and execution phases of step initiation in parkinsonian patients with FoG. MethodsFifteen patients with FoG, 16 without and 15 controls performed an adapted version of the Attention Network Test, with step initiation as response instead of the standard manual keypress. Kinetic and kinematic features of gait initiation as well as high-resolution electroencephalography were recorded during the task. ResultsPatients with FoG presented an impaired executive control. Step execution time was longer in parkinsonian patients. However, the executive control effect on step execution time was not different between all groups. Compared to patients, controls showed a shorter step initiation-locked alpha desynchronization, and an earlier, more intense and shorter beta desynchronization over the sensorimotor cortex. Even though controls were faster, the induced alpha and beta activity associated with the effect of executive control didn’t differ between patients and controls. ConclusionsTasks of conflict resolution lead to a comparable alteration of step initiation and its underlying brain activity in all groups. Links between executive control, gait initiation and FoG seem more complex than expected. SignificanceThis study questions the cognitive hypothesis in the pathophysiology of freezing of gait. Executive dysfunction is associated with FoG but is not the main causal mechanism since the interaction between attention and motor preparation didn’t provoke FoG.

A Practical Bacterial Biodosimetry Procedure to Assess Performance of Lab-Scale Flow-through Ultraviolet Water Disinfection Reactors

Biodosimetry can be used to estimate the fluence of a reactor by determining its ability to inactivate a challenge organism. Especially for small-scale flow-through reactors, inconsistent procedures are reported for bacterial cells. This study aims to develop a standardized, simple procedure for bacterial biodosimetry in flow-through UV systems with relevant biofilm-forming bacteria, to evaluate biofouling control by UV. In particular, the challenge organism, the type of experimental setup, and the execution of single steps during biodosimetry with bacterial cells can cause largely deviating results. Since previous work was restricted to model organisms, which are not relevant for biofouling, we critically re-evaluated all reported steps for the biofilm forming Aquabacterium citratiphilum and identified three main factors for biodosimetry reproducibility in flow-through systems: Protractions of cells from controls without UV can heavily impact inactivation efficacy but can be reduced by ordering samples by decreasing fluence. Further, to avoid photorepair, samples must be processed under red light only. Lastly, biofilm forming bacteria can strongly adsorb on plastic labware, which requires counter measures in the form of special labware and the addition of surfactants. Overall, the developed protocol provides a biodosimetry standardization for bacterial cells of flow-through systems, facilitating reproducibility and transferability of results between studies that use bacterial cells as a challenge organism.

Optimal dynamic partial order reduction with context-sensitive independence and observers

Dynamic Partial Order Reduction (DPOR) algorithms are used in stateless model checking of concurrent programs to avoid the exploration of equivalent execution sequences. In order to detect equivalence, DPOR relies on the notion of independence between execution steps. As this notion must be approximated, it can lose precision and thus treat execution steps as interfering when they are not. Our work is inspired by recent progress in the area that has introduced more accurate ways to exploit conditional notions of independence: Context-Sensitive DPOR considers two steps p and t independent in the current state if the states obtained by executing p⋅t and t⋅p are the same; Optimal DPOR with Observers makes their dependency conditional to the existence of future events that observe their operations. This article introduces a new algorithm, Optimal Context-Sensitive DPOR with Observers, that combines these two notions of conditional independence, and goes beyond them by exploiting their synergies. The implementation of our algorithm has been undertaken within the Nidhugg model checking tool. Our experimental evaluation, using benchmarks from the previous works, shows that our algorithm is able to effectively combine the benefits of both context-sensitive and observers-based independence and that it can produce exponential reductions over both of them.

The Evolving Landscape of Cybersecurity: Red Teams, Large Language Models, and the Emergence of New AI Attack Surfaces

This study explores cybersecurity questions using a question-and-answer format with the advanced ChatGPT model from OpenAI. Unlike previous chatbots, ChatGPT demonstrates an enhanced understanding of complex coding questions. We present thirteen coding tasks aligned with various stages of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, covering areas such as credential access and defense evasion. The experimental prompts generate keyloggers, logic bombs, obfuscated worms, and ransomware with payment fulfillment, showcasing an impressive range of functionality, including self-replication, self-modification, and evasion. Despite being a language-only model, a notable feature of ChatGPT showcases its coding approaches to produce images with obfuscated or embedded executable programming steps or links.

IoT-Aware Architecture to Guarantee Safety of Maintenance Operators in Industrial Plants

One of the most important factors that influence people’s daily lives and their well-being at work is the so-called “worker safety”. Different literature works demonstrated the positive effects on worker mood and well-being brought by the awareness of being in a safe environment and, consequently, less prone to accidents. Every working environment should guarantee safety protection to employees and operators both in normal operations and extraordinary duties (e.g., maintenance operations), however, the industrial domain is the one that is more exposed to risks for workers. Different technologies already accomplished such requirements in “normal” operations, nonetheless, the literature still lacks solutions to also monitor and guide operators during exceptional and dangerous operations (e.g., maintenance). The combination of IoT and Industry 4.0 can guide the research toward the resolution of the maintenance-related exposed problems. This paper proposes an IoT-aware architecture for the industrial domain to support maintenance operators. It was designed to guide them step by step while real-time monitoring plant, machinery, and other employees working in the same area. During the maintenance procedure, the operator is guided in the proper execution of every single step required by maintenance and an autonomous IoT system monitors the status of the different parts of the plants and machinery to, then, authorize and show, the next steps foreseen in the maintenance process. To test the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed system, a prototype was developed and functionally tested through the exploitation of a machinery simulator and a real lathe machine.

Chatbots in a Botnet World

Question-and-answer formats provide a novel experimental platform for investigating cybersecurity questions. Unlike previous chatbots, the latest ChatGPT model from OpenAI supports an advanced understanding of complex coding questions. The research demonstrates thirteen coding tasks that generally qualify as stages in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, ranging from credential access to defense evasion. With varying success, the experimental prompts generate examples of keyloggers, logic bombs, obfuscated worms, and payment-fulfilled ransomware. The empirical results illustrate cases that support the broad gain of functionality, including self-replication and self-modification, evasion, and strategic understanding of complex cybersecurity goals. One surprising feature of ChatGPT as a language-only model centers on its ability to spawn coding approaches that yield images that obfuscate or embed executable programming steps or links.

Data Enrichment as a Method of Data Preprocessing to Enhance Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting

Wind power forecasting involves data preprocessing and modeling. In pursuit of better forecasting performance, most previous studies focused on creating various wind power forecasting models, but few studies have been published with an emphasis on new types of data preprocessing methods. Effective data preprocessing techniques and the fusion with the physical nature of the wind have been called upon as potential future research directions in recent reviews in this area. Data enrichment as a method of data preprocessing has been widely applied to forecasting problems in the consumer data universe but has not seen application in the wind power forecasting area. This study proposes data enrichment as a new addition to the existing library of data preprocessing methods to improve wind power forecasting performance. A methodological framework of data enrichment is developed with four executable steps: add error features of weather prediction sources, add features of weather prediction at neighboring nodes, add time series features of weather prediction sources, and add complementary weather prediction sources. The proposed data enrichment method takes full advantage of multiple commercially available weather prediction sources and the physical continuity nature of wind. It can cooperate with any existing forecasting models that have weather prediction data as inputs. The controlled experiments on three actual individual wind farms have verified the effectiveness of the proposed data enrichment method: The normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of the day-ahead wind power forecast of XGBoost and LSTM with data enrichment is 11% to 27% lower than that of XGBoost and LSTM without data enrichment. In the future, variations on the data enrichment methods can be further explored as a promising direction of enhancing short-term wind power forecasting performance.

Anticipatory postural adjustments and kinematic analysis of step ascent and descent in adults with Down syndrome.

Step ascent and descent is one of the most common daily tasks. Although it is generally considered a rather simple movement, it may not be so easy for participants with Down syndrome. A kinematic analysis of step ascent and descent was conducted, and a comparison between 11 adult participants with Down syndrome and 23 healthy participants was carried out. This analysis was accompanied by a posturographic analysis with the aim of evaluating aspects relating to balance. The principal aim of postural control was to investigate the trajectory of the centre of pressure, while the kinematic analysis of movement included the following: (1) the analysis of anticipatory postural adjustments, (2) the calculation of spatiotemporal parameters and (3) the evaluation of articular range of motion. A general instability for participants with Down syndrome, highlighted in the postural control by an increased anteroposterior and mediolateral excursion, when the test was conducted with both open and closed eyes, was found out. Regarding anticipatory postural adjustments, this deficit in balance control was revealed by the execution of small steps before completing the movement and by a much longer preparation time anticipating the movement. In addition, the kinematic analysis reported a longer ascent and descent time and a lower velocity, accompanied by a greater rising of both limbs in ascent, which indicates an increased perception of the obstacle. Finally, a wider trunk range of motion in both the sagittal and frontal planes was revealed. All the data confirm a compromised balance control that could be associated with damage to the sensorimotor centre.

Implementasi Model Pembelajaran pada Mata Pelajaran PKN di SDN 106222 Tebing Tinggi


 Assessment is essentially a process of making decisions about the success of students, whether students are declared successful or fail in mastering a particular skill. Assessment and evaluation have similarities and differences. The similarity is that both have the meaning of assessing or determining the value of something. The difference is that assessment is used in a narrower context and is usually carried out internally, for example, like a teacher assessing student learning outcomes. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. Qualitative method is a type of research that aims to comprehensively understand the phenomena experienced by the object of research, such as behavior, perceptions, motivations, actions, etc., through a special natural context. through specific natural contexts, and descriptions in scientific language and methods. This research results that first, is where the learning evaluation must be well planned, namely by determining and conveying the time for carrying out the learning evaluation. Second, the implementation of learning evaluation which is the execution step of the evaluation plan that was previously made. And, the last is the third stage which is no less important, whereas this is rarely carried out by other teachers in general, namely the analysis of the results of the PKN learning evaluation.
 Keywords: Evaluation, Learning, PKN

Evaluasi Pembelajaran PKN di MIS TPI Sumber Rejo

Assessment is essentially a process of making decisions about the success of students, whether students are declared successful or fail in mastering a particular skill. Assessment and evaluation have similarities and differences. The similarity is that both have the meaning of assessing or determining the value of something. The difference is that assessment is used in a narrower context and is usually carried out internally, for example, like a teacher assessing student learning outcomes. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. Qualitative method is a type of research that aims to comprehensively understand the phenomena experienced by the object of research, such as behavior, perceptions, motivations, actions, etc., through a special natural context. through specific natural contexts, and descriptions in scientific language and methods. This research results that first, is where the learning evaluation must be well planned, namely by determining and conveying the time for carrying out the learning evaluation. Second, the implementation of learning evaluation which is the execution step of the evaluation plan that was previously made. And, the last is the third stage which is no less important, whereas this is rarely carried out by other teachers in general, namely the analysis of the results of the PKN learning evaluation.
 Keywords: Evaluation, Learning, PKN

TYMV and TRV infect Arabidopsis thaliana by expressing weak suppressors of RNA silencing and inducing host RNASE THREE LIKE1.

Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is a defense mechanism that targets invading nucleic acids of endogenous (transposons) or exogenous (pathogens, transgenes) origins. During plant infection by viruses, virus-derived primary siRNAs target viral RNAs, resulting in both destruction of single-stranded viral RNAs (execution step) and production of secondary siRNAs (amplification step), which maximizes the plant defense. As a counter-defense, viruses express proteins referred to as Viral Suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR). Some viruses express VSRs that totally inhibit PTGS, whereas other viruses express VSRs that have limited effect. Here we show that infection with the Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) is enhanced in Arabidopsis ago1, ago2 and dcl4 mutants, which are impaired in the execution of PTGS, but not in dcl2, rdr1 and rdr6 mutants, which are impaired in the amplification of PTGS. Consistently, we show that the TYMV VSR P69 localizes in siRNA-bodies, which are the site of production of secondary siRNAs, and limits PTGS amplification. Moreover, TYMV induces the production of the host enzyme RNASE THREE-LIKE 1 (RTL1) to further reduce siRNA accumulation. Infection with the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV), which also encodes a VSR limiting PTGS amplification, induces RTL1 as well to reduce siRNA accumulation and promote infection. Together, these results suggest that RTL1 could be considered as a host susceptibility gene that is induced by viruses as a strategy to further limit the plant PTGS defense when VSRs are insufficient.

Julia‐Kocienski Olefination: A Tutorial Review

AbstractOver the past two decades, Julia‐Kocienski olefination has become one of the most powerful and reliable C=C double‐bond construction methods typically furnishing E‐configured alkenes. This review summarizes the scientific literature of the past decade focusing on the key aspects for successful execution of the olefination step. The main stereoselectivity and yield‐determining aspects have been outlined in separate chapters providing all the necessary information for the synthesis of Julia‐Kocienski reagents as well as the most commonly used reaction optimization techniques.

Friction force estimation in pneumatic cylinders by full automation of experimental procedures

The effective utilization of pneumatic cylinders in precise control applications requires the correct determination of unpredictable, variable, and non-linear friction resistance characteristics. Even though the friction characteristics depend on many structural and operating variables, the existing expensive experimental methodologies are prone to error, time-consuming, and have excessive computational burden. In this study, the full automation of friction force estimation processes has been designed and implemented with MATLAB/Stateflow including the execution of all experimental steps, processing of signals, extraction and classification of data, and estimation of parameters. An operational graphical user interface has been developed for entering the required input values of the experimental procedures, connecting to testing equipment, carrying out experiments, and presenting obtained model parameters. The friction force parameters of three pneumatic cylinders, two of which were identical, have been determined both with the automated method and the manual method. The automated method has produced better results compared to the manual method while reducing the total estimation duration drastically. The pressure tracking performance tests conducted to verify the friction model parameters have exhibited better tracking performances with the automated method results.

A Unique Role for Protocadherin γC3 in Promoting Dendrite Arborization through an Axin1-Dependent Mechanism.

The establishment of a functional cerebral cortex depends on the proper execution of multiple developmental steps, culminating in dendritic and axonal outgrowth and the formation and maturation of synaptic connections. Dysregulation of these processes can result in improper neuronal connectivity, including that associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. The γ-Protocadherins (γ-Pcdhs), a family of 22 distinct cell adhesion molecules that share a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain, are involved in multiple aspects of neurodevelopment including neuronal survival, dendrite arborization, and synapse development. The extent to which individual γ-Pcdh family members play unique versus common roles remains unclear. We demonstrated previously that the γ-Pcdh-C3 isoform (γC3), via its unique "variable" cytoplasmic domain (VCD), interacts in cultured cells with Axin1, a Wnt-pathway scaffold protein that regulates the differentiation and morphology of neurons. Here, we confirm that γC3 and Axin1 interact in the cortex in vivo and show that both male and female mice specifically lacking γC3 exhibit disrupted Axin1 localization to synaptic fractions, without obvious changes in dendritic spine density or morphology. However, both male and female γC3 knock-out mice exhibit severely decreased dendritic complexity of cortical pyramidal neurons that is not observed in mouse lines lacking several other γ-Pcdh isoforms. Combining knock-out with rescue constructs in cultured cortical neurons pooled from both male and female mice, we show that γC3 promotes dendritic arborization through an Axin1-dependent mechanism mediated through its VCD. Together, these data identify a novel mechanism through which γC3 uniquely regulates the formation of cortical circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The complexity of a neuron's dendritic arbor is critical for its function. We showed previously that the γ-Protocadherin (γ-Pcdh) family of 22 cell adhesion molecules promotes arborization during development; it remained unclear whether individual family members played unique roles. Here, we show that one γ-Pcdh isoform, γC3, interacts in the brain with Axin1, a scaffolding protein known to influence dendrite development. A CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutant mouse line lacking γC3 (but not lines lacking other γ-Pcdhs) exhibits severely reduced dendritic complexity of cerebral cortex neurons. Using cultured γC3 knock-out neurons and a variety of rescue constructs, we confirm that the γC3 cytoplasmic domain promotes arborization through an Axin1-dependent mechanism. Thus, γ-Pcdh isoforms are not interchangeable, but rather can play unique neurodevelopmental roles.

The necessary optimization of the data lifecycle: Marine geosciences in the big data era

In the marine geosciences, observations are typically acquired using research vessels to understand a given phenomenon or area of interest. Despite the plateauing of ship time and active research vessels in the last decade, the rate of marine geoscience data production has continued to increase. Simultaneously, there exists large quantities of legacy data aggregated within data repositories; however, these data are rarely curated to be both discoverable and machine-readable (i.e., accessible). This results in inefficient use, or even omission, of high-quality data, that is, both increasingly important to utilize and impractical to recollect. The proliferation of newly acquired data, and increasing importance of legacy data, has only been met with incremental evolution in the methods of data integration. This paper describes some improvements at each stage of the data lifecycle (acquisition, curation, and integration) that could align the marine geosciences better with the “big data” paradigm. We have encountered several major issues coordinating these efforts which we outline here: 1) geologic anomalies are the primary focus of data acquisition and pose difficulty in understanding the dominant (i.e., baseline) marine geology, 2) marine geoscience data are rarely curated to be accessible, and 3) aforementioned issues preclude the use of efficient integration tools that can make optimal use of data. In this paper, we discuss challenges and solutions associated with these issues to overcome these concerns in future decades of marine geoscience. The successful execution of these interconnected steps will optimize the lifecycle of marine geoscience data in the “big data” era.

A Road Map to Success of International Field Campaigns in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences

Abstract Understanding and predicting Earth’s environment requires information and ­knowledge of detailed physical, chemical, and biological processes directly from observations. Well-organized and properly conducted field campaigns are powerful ways to make such observations. Major international field campaigns with participation from multiple countries bring together expertise and resources to address complex scientific issues that are difficult or impossible to be tackled by a few scientists in a single nation. This article describes the essential elements of international field campaigns, the necessary steps of planning and execution that need to be taken for their success, and other considerations that make international field campaigns successful. The ­intention of this article is to encourage early career professionals to participate in and learn to organize field campaigns in this exciting time of rapidly evolving technological observing capabilities and increasing efforts to seek global diversity, equity, and inclusion in science.

Transmucosal abutments in the esthetic zone: Surgical and prosthetic considerations.

This article describes an updated step-by-step protocol for transmucosal abutment selection and treatment sequencing after immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone. Current surgical and prosthetic concepts strive to preserve hard and soft-tissues to provide optimal esthetics at the implant-abutment interface. Consequently, restoring implants in the esthetic zone with transmucosal abutments presents a great challenge and must take into consideration implant depth, angulation, and bucco-lingual position as well as transmucosal height and space for an optimized emergence profile of the restoration and the dimensions of the anterior tooth to be restored. The proper selection of the type, shape, and dimensions of implant components and connections, determined by the product portfolio offered by the implant manufacturer, play a critical role in the ability to adequately address these challenges. This article provides an update on surgical and prosthetic workflows for single implant restorations in the esthetic zone. Following esthetic, mechanical, and biologic principles, the long-term success of implant-supported restorations in the esthetic zone is directly correlated to proper execution and sequencing of surgical and prosthetic treatment steps, especially after immediate implant placement. These steps must be critically assessed based on the current scientific evidence to achieve the desired clinical outcomes on a predictable and consistent basis. Selection of surgical and prosthetic treatment protocols to achieve ideal esthetic outcomes and emergence profiles in implant dentistry is often a great challenge, not only determined by technical and clinical skills of the provider but also by the type and dimensions of implant components and connections offered by the manufacturer. Following certain decision-making principles and workflows are key for clinical success with implant-supported restorations after immediate implant placement the esthetic zone.