Service Execution Research Articles

Applying the theoretical domains framework to identify enablers and barriers to after action review: An analysis of implementation in an Irish tertiary specialist hospital

BackgroundAfter Action Review (AAR) is a debriefing methodology for learning from events. The method is a facilitated discussion among a team exploring what they expected to happen, what did happen, and what they learned. Ireland’s Health Service Executive includes the AAR methodology as part of its national Incident Management Framework. This paper explores enablers and barriers to AAR implementation in an Irish tertiary specialist hospital. MethodsFifty staff were trained as AAR facilitators in a 1.5 day simulation training programme. Six months after training, focus group discussions explored facilitator perceptions of enablers and barriers to AAR implementation. Framework analysis was applied to the data, informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. ResultsFour focus group discussions with 14 AAR facilitators were conducted. Seven enablers, twelve barriers and eight enablers/barriers were identified across all 14 TDF domains. Three domains of reinforcement; professional role and identity; and emotion contained the richest data on processes acting as enablers and barriers to AAR implementation. ConclusionTo promote implementation of AAR, practical experience must be reinforced in the aftermath of training; professional position in teams and units must be considered in initiating and facilitating AAR; and staff emotions around facilitation must be supported as enablers through practice and skill development.

Learning to safeguard: exploring adult safeguarding officers' readiness for online learning and their perceptions of a blended learning safeguarding training programme

PurposeThis paper aims to present commentary on adult safeguarding designated officers’ (nominated senior staff members in the Health Service Executive and its funded services) in Ireland readiness for online learning and their perception of the blended approach used in their training and considers the implications of this for practice.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 233 designated officers were surveyed. A self-administered online survey comprising of two instruments was used. The questionnaire combines two previously validated tools measuring readiness for online learning and perceptions of blended learning. Minor modifications were made to account for local circumstance and language. Demographic questions relevant to the survey population were added. The response rate was 49%.FindingsDesignated officers regarded specified competencies for online learning as important to very important with highest importance placed in time management. Designated officers expressed they were confident to very confident in their ability to accomplish all competencies in online learning. The highest confidence was in the technical competencies. Designated officers are demonstrating high readiness for online learning. Designated officers reported positively on online contributions and on blended learning workload. The scores indicate positive perceptions of the blended learning experience. Responses to an open-ended question were largely positive with some suggestions for improvement made.Practical implicationsFindings have helped inform planning and development of the Health Service Executive’s adult safeguarding training for designated officers with changes made since this survey was undertaken.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first time a survey was undertaken of designated officers in Ireland with a view to improving safeguarding training. Recommendations for adaptions to the blended designated officer programme were proposed and subsequently accepted and implemented.

Judicial control over the execution of decisions involving military personnel in the civil justice system of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the issue of judicial control over the execution of decisions involving military personnel in the civil justice system of Ukraine. It has been established that when executing a court decision, the executor can seize any funds in the debtor's bank accounts, except for those whose seizure is prohibited by law. At the same time, it is the bank that executes the corresponding resolution of the executor on the seizure of the debtor's funds that must determine the status of the funds and the account on which they are located, and in the case of funds on the account that are prohibited from being attached, the bank is obliged to notify the executor of the intended purpose funds on the account and return its decision without execution, which is the basis for the executor to remove the seizure from these funds. At the same time, a garnishment cannot be imposed on the funds that make up the debtor's salary after actual deductions from it according to executive documents and on all funds from the debtor's salary beyond the limits of the amounts of deductions from such salary allowed by law, and if such a garnishment is imposed, then it should be removed. At the same time, such restriction does not apply to funds that are in accounts and that are not funds that make up wages. the state guarantees and protects by law the citizen's right to timely remuneration for work. The company's payment of wages to employees has priority over the repayment of debts to other creditors of the company. The imposition of a seizure on the debtor's account, which is also intended for the payment of wages and other payments to the debtor's employees, makes it impossible to make such payments in a timely manner, which inevitably leads to a violation of the constitutional rights of citizens who work at the defendant's enterprise to pay for work. Accounts that are intended for the payment of wages and the payment of taxes, fees and mandatory payments to the State Budget of Ukraine are accounts with a special regime, on which the executive service, in accordance with the requirements of the law, does not impose a seizure, and the separation of such accounts belongs to the powers of the executive service.

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОДНОГО ІЗ НАПРЯМІВ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ЯК СКЛАДОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УСТАНОВАХ ВИКОНАННЯ ПОКАРАНЬ

The article defines the need to make changes to the regulatory and legal acts on the handling of weapons by personnel of bodies and institutions for the execution of punishments, taking into account the need to provide firearms and special equipment and training in the rules and methods of applying elements of physical security, which in turn are a component of general security in penitentiary institutions for the transition to the latest, modern types of weapons according to NATO standards. It is noted that in order to ensure the security of places of deprivation of liberty is one of the main tasks defined by legislative and other normative legal acts of Ukraine (in particular, the Criminal Code of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine: “On State Criminal and Executive Service”, “On pre-trial detention”, rules of internal procedure of institutions for the execution of punishments and the rules of the internal procedure of pretrial detention centers of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine), which are in front of the personnel of bodies and institutions for the execution of punishments. In today’s realities, Order of the State Department on Issues of Execution of Punishments of the penitentiary institutions No. 86 dated May 17, 2001. “Small arms shooting course for members of the rank and command staff of the Criminal and Executive System” has lost its relevance against the background of the reform of the penitentiary service system with the need to switch to the latest, modern weapons in accordance with NATO standards and the implementation of the recommendations of the European Penitentiary Rules. The article states that the problem of handling weapons exists and it must be solved as soon as possible for the reliable protection of personnel and contingents under guard in the penitentiary institutions, which is an urgent necessity in today’s conditions. That is why there was a real need to develop a new normative-legal Act on the training of penitentiary institutions personnel, which will be intended not only for the skillful and effective use of small arms during the performance of official tasks: “A small arms shooting course for members of the rank and command staff of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine”, and mastering the skills of shooting with the latest weapons, according to NATO standards. Key words: physical safety, shooting course, handling of weapons, performance of official tasks.

ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПОРЯДКУ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ДОБОРУ НА СЛУЖБУ ДО ДЕРЖАВНОЇ КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ВИКОНАВЧОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ

The article analyzes the regulation for organizing selection procedure for the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine. The content of the legal regulation is revealed regarding the selection organization for personnel of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on a number of issues while applying for the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine” regarding the procedure for the personnel selection for the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine. The selection criteria for the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine have been also determined. The author analyzes the latest normative and legal documents, which regulate the selection procedure for service activities, conducting a medical examination and carrying out a special inspection. Particular attention was paid to the verification of the level of physical readiness when applying for the service, and also to the additional documents submitted for participation in the mentioned verification procedure. The main restrictions related to admission for the service activities in the penitentiary system of Ukraine are singled out in the article. It is proposed to have its own restriction regarding the normative and legal regulation of certain aspects of the procedure for organizing selection for service and the procedure for holding a competition for service to the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine. The conclusions indicate that certain aspects of the legal regulation of the selection organization to the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine require additional analysis and elaboration. Key words: State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine, selection of rank and command staff, restriction, probation period, competition, qualification requirements, medical examination, special inspection.

A Bitcoin-based Secure Outsourcing Scheme for Optimization Problem in Multimedia Internet of Things

With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing, various multimedia data such as audio, video, and images have experienced explosive growth, ushering in the era of big data. Large-scale computing tasks in the Multimedia Internet of Things (M-IoT), such as mathematical optimization problems, have begun to be outsourced from IoT devices with limited computing power to cloud servers for execution. However, outsourcing computation brings security concerns, because the behaviors of clouds are invisible to users. The leakage of privacy data in outsourced optimization problems leads to immeasurable losses. The mutual distrust between clouds and users causes that the correctness of the optimal decisions and the fairness of the payment activities are not guaranteed. Blockchain technology has the characteristic of immutability and has become a new security paradigm for eliminating multi-party trust concerns. In this article, we propose a Bitcoin-based secure outsourcing scheme to address the aforementioned security concerns. To prevent confidential data leakage, the proposed scheme designs a computable privacy-preserving method for the outsourced optimization problems. To judge the correctness of the optimal decision and reduce verification costs, the proposed scheme designs a low-cost two-layer verification mechanism based on dual theory and blockchain technology. Blockchain nodes reach a consensus on the problem solutions and trigger an automatic fair payment protocol-based Bitcoin. Security analysis and experimental results demonstrate that our scheme guarantees privacy, fairness, and computational efficiency.

Beyond the Tax Code: Enhancing Taxpayer Compliance through Service, Counseling, and Public Relations

The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the efficacy of service provision, counseling, and public relations implementation through the lens of management functions, namely planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. To address the central research question, a critical paradigm is employed, facilitating a rigorous critique of tax policies and their practical implications. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this study integrates a multi-method approach that amalgamates both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data are derived from the researcher's participant observations, conducted from 2021 to 2023 within the capacity of a taxpayer stationed at the Small Tax Office of Natar, subjected to thematic analysis. Secondary data, comprising statutory regulations and reports, were collated through the regulation documentation and subjected to analysis via a normative juridical approach. The findings indicate that the execution of service, counseling, and public relations activities remains suboptimal. Specifically, while the management functions of planning, leading, and controlling within service and counseling activities necessitate preservation, the organizing function demands significant enhancement. This study implies that extension activities is requisite for maintaining the planning and control functions, yet call for substantial improvements in organizing and leading functions.

Community Pharmacy Needle Exchange Programme: What Can Analysis of the Data Tell Us about the Changing Drug Market in Ireland?

Community Pharmacy Needle Exchanges are a harm reduction measure that have been established in a number of countries to provide access to sterile injecting equipment for people who inject drugs (PWID). To ensure that they are meeting needs, it is important to monitor the use of the services. This study aimed to determine patterns of needle distribution and return in community pharmacies in Ireland over time. The number of pharmacies, needle packs, clean needles and returned packs was obtained from the Health Service Executive (HSE) Planning and Business Information Unit (PBI). Yearly totals were calculated to show patterns from 2015 to 2022. There has been an 18% decline in the number of pharmacies providing the service since 2015, with a 19% decline in the number of packs provided and a 21% decline in the number of packs returned. The proportion of packs returned was 23% in 2015 and 18% in 2022. There has been a 16% decline in the number of sterile needles provided and a 6% reduction in the average number of needles per individual since 2017. Declining needle use and low rates of used needle return (against a backdrop of large numbers of PWID that have not significantly reduced over time) suggest that there is a need to investigate if community pharmacies in Ireland have the scope to improve their harm reduction impact. This raises questions in terms of the need to both improve and adapt the service against a backdrop of changing drug markets. Key recommendations include the need to review the harm reduction services employed by participating pharmacies when providing new equipment and organising the return of used equipment.

Staff experiences of wearing the Rainbow Badge in a paediatric hospital setting: a mixed-methods survey

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess staff’s experience of wearing the Health Service Executive (HSE) Rainbow Badge, a symbol of inclusion for LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning; + signifying inclusivity...

ADTO: A Trust Active Detecting-based Task Offloading Scheme in Edge Computing for Internet of Things

In edge computing, Internet of Things devices with weak computing power offload tasks to nearby edge servers for execution, so the task completion time can be reduced and delay-sensitive tasks can be facilitated. However, if the task is offloaded to malicious edge servers, then the system will suffer losses. Therefore, it is significant to identify the trusted edge servers and offload tasks to trusted edge servers, which can improve the performance of edge computing. However, it is still challenging. In this article, a trust Active Detecting-based Task Offloading (ADTO) scheme is proposed to maximize revenue in edge computing. The main innovation points of our work are as follows: (a) The ADTO scheme innovatively proposes a method to actively get trust by trust detection. This method offloads microtasks to edge servers whose trust needs to be identified, and then quickly identifies the trust of edge servers according to the completion of tasks by edge servers. Based on the identification of the trust, tasks can be offloaded to trusted edge servers, to improve the success rate of tasks. (b) Although the trust of edge servers can be identified by our detection, it needs to pay a price. Therefore, to maximize system revenue, searching the most suitable number of trusted edge servers for various conditions is transformed into an optimization problem. Finally, theoretical and experimental analysis shows the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, which can effectively identify the trusted and untrusted edge servers. The task offloading strategy based on trust detection proposed in this article greatly improves the success rate of tasks, compared with the strategy without trust detection, the task success rate is increased by 40.27%, and there is a significant increase in revenue, which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the strategy.

Unveiling Key Differentiated Service Dimensions of the Airlines Performances in the COVID-19 Aftermath

The study examines service dimensions provided by each operating flight to explore their impact on airline operational performance. The results suggested that after COVID-19, better quality of responding to requests, service efficiency, check-in processes, and arrival service are crucial operational factors contributing to increased market share. Regression analysis reveals a crucial link between service quality and operational outcomes. Moreover, networks or number of operating countries have positive impacts on load factor. The study reveals the interconnected nature of service quality and operational outcomes, shedding light on how factors such as passenger interactions, efficient airport services, and in-flight service execution collectively impact both market share and load factors in the post-COVID-19 context. This study provides valuable insights into the intricacies of missing gaps in the service of the industry that have a pivotal role in customer experience and shaping operational achievements.

Chat service in a multichannel system under competition where customers are boundedly rational

Many service systems in various type of industry provide services via chat technologies. This type of service system is characterized by an interesting combination of properties. First, the customer is actively involved in service execution, since the service is comprised of responses of the server and the customer to each other, until the customer's request is satisfied. In addition, in such a system, the service can be provided by a single server in a parallel manner to a number of customers. Motivated by these and others interesting properties of the chat service, we formulate and analyze the stochastic queueing system as a two-dimensional quasi-birth-and-death process and derive its steady-state probabilities using matrix geometric methods. By means of economic analysis, we provide a scheme for deriving the optimal capacity of parallel chats and the optimal response effort that should be made by the server, considering that higher effort lengthens the response time but increases the probability of successful service completion. We next investigate a queueing game that considers a multi-channel service system consisting of a chat service and a traditional multi-server call center, and we consider strategic customers under both a centralized and a decentralized scenario. We show that competition between service channels may lead to lower service utilization even though customers enjoy higher expected utility. Finally, customer bounded rationality is considered and it is shown that customers who are less rational may enjoy higher utility. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for all scenarios.

A preliminary investigation on DDPSS requirements to provide process quality as a service: example on laboratory scale

The development of ICT technologies has encouraged manufacturing organizations to undergo a digital transformation. As a result, there is a greater focus on research into ways to integrate Industry 4.0 technology and servitization to create company value and strengthen customer relationships. However, despite the fact that the manufacturing sector is beginning to pay more attention to digital services, businesses are still unsure of how Industry 4.0 and Product Service System (PSS) may work together to benefit both Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) and customer. As a result, the main goal of this work is to develop the foundational specifications needed to implement a Data Driven PSS (DDPSS) that can offer a digital service tailored to an industrial asset’s middle life. In order to do this, a proof of concept (PoC) involving the laboratory-scale application of a DDPSS to a hydraulic press will be examined. Here, data gathered from the cycles of the hydraulic press will be examined and processed to produce a digital service for process quality monitoring. Using this POC, a set of specifications, like, for example, privacy-compliant data sharing and machine know-how, is developed to guarantee the creation and execution of a digital service in a real OEM-customer environment.

Implications of DepEd Order No.49 s.2022 on Teachers and Students in the Accountancy and Business Management Strand at Balayan Senior High School

The Department of Education (DepEd) is the administrative agency entrusted with overseeing and managing the Philippine Basic Education System. Implementing Educational Policies, such as the DepEd Order, is crucial for shaping the direction and quality of education in our country. By implementing these Policies, students and young adults will be equipped with the essential skills, knowledge, and principles required to become educated, attentive, and responsible members of society. DepEd Order No.49, s.2022 is an Educational Policy issued by the Department of Education. Its objective is to enhance professionalism in the execution and provision of fundamental instructional programs and services. The objective of this policy is to promote the formulation of impactful and streamlined policies and initiatives.

An Initial Exploration into Job Satisfaction Among Long-Term Care Administrators and State Tested Nursing Assistants in Ohio.

This pilot study examines Ohio's licensed nursing home administrators and state tested nursing assistant's perspectives about job satisfaction, future career and employment plans, potential beneficial changes to their organizations, and their thoughts on reducing turnover rates in their field. Ohio Board of Executives of Long-Term Services and Supports provided their contact list of all 1,969 licensed nursing home administrators in Ohio in the fall of 2023. Two surveys were created for licensed nursing home administrators and state tested nursing assistants. Results were analyzed for themes within the open-ended responses; 28 surveys were received from licensed nursing home administrators and 17 surveys were received from state tested nursing assistants. Residents and their families are among the top reasons for job satisfaction, many employees face symptoms of burnout, and wages are a concern among both state tested nursing assistants and licensed nursing home administrators. Future career plans differed between the two professions and had distinct driving factors. A discussion of licensed nursing home administrators' opinions on improving retention and turnover rates should include more accountability, personal responsibility, and adding opportunities for professional growth and development.

Peripheral Creator Cultures in India, Ireland, and Turkey

Drawing on Indian, Irish, and Turkish YouTube creators’ perceptions of their work, this article focuses on peripheral creator work cultures to broaden the understanding of creator labor precarity. We situate creator labor within not only the platform architectures but also within the geographical specificities of media production, distribution, and consumption. In doing so, we demonstrate that peripheral creators face distinctive struggles for visibility and survival in screen industries that emerge from their heterogeneous sociocultural and linguistic contexts. Based on the interviews with creators and streaming service executives conducted between 2017 and 2023, the findings reveal that creators’ choice of language and place of practice distinctly affects their global reach, visibility, and their ability to sustain a career in screen industries.

Sequential multiple assignment randomised trial to develop an adaptive mobile health intervention to increase physical activity in people poststroke in the community setting in Ireland: TAPAS trial protocol

IntroductionStroke is the second-leading cause of death and disability globally. Participation in physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone of secondary prevention in stroke care. Given the heterogeneous nature of stroke,...

Financial incentives to stop smoking: Potential financial consequences of different reward schedules.

Financial incentives to stop smoking (FISS) programs have been implemented internationally to encourage people who smoke to quit smoking. However, such programs require that the financial reward structure and its resulting effects on smoking quit rates are considered. We analyzed a number of scenarios for FISS reward schedules for current smoking individuals in Ireland, with a view to identify the potential implications in terms of financial consequences and expected effects. Using national QuitManager services data 2021-2023, we defined smoking quit rates for smokers currently using the national Health Services Executive stop smoking services in Ireland. Smoking quit rates at 4, 12 and 52 weeks were defined, and additionally defined by sex, age and education level. Using scenarios assuming different FISS reward sizes, structures and targeted population sub-groups, we estimated the number of additional quitters, budget impact, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. A FISS program, if implemented for a cohort of 3500 smokers can result in a budget impact ranging €250000 - €870000. The cost-effectiveness trade-off between different payment schedules and the expected effect size suggested that FISS are cost-effective even at a moderate effect size. A FISS program implemented to approximately 20000 smokers nationally would cost between €2.0 million and €4.8 million, subject to the chosen reward schedule. Across social groups, FISS is more cost-effective for females, individuals in the youngest age group, and individuals with a medium level of education. This analysis highlights the importance of considering different FISS schedules and potential quit effects, when designing such programs. We highlight that FISS programs should be targeted at certain social groups to achieve highest long-term smoking cessation rates. We also identified important challenges that decision-makers face when designing the reward structure of FISS programs. The acceptability or otherwise of the FISS structures may differ among stakeholders and should be explored.

Strategies for integrating the Making Every Contact programme for the prevention and management of chronic disease across Irish Health Service

Introduction: The Irish Health Service Executive (HSE) Making Every Contact Count (MECC) Programme1 aims to integrate lifestyle behaviour interventions by health professionals to patients targeting health behavioural risk factors (e.g. physical activity, diet, smoking and drug and alcohol use. The MECC programme (implemented since 2019) is a key element of the Integrated care programme for the prevention and management of Chronic disease in Ireland (ICP CD)2 . I will present recent research which has identified key strategies for upscaling implementation and integrating brief interventions in the Irish Health Service.
 Aim, Objectives, Theory or Methods: The research team worked collaboratively to develop an evidence-based implementation strategy to optimise and scale up MECC. The implementation strategy was informed by three studies:
 1.Study 1: Survey study of 357 healthcare professionals who had completed MECC e-Learning training to determine barriers and enablers to MECC intervention delivery.
 2.Study 2: Qualitative interview study with 36 healthcare professionals and those involved in MECC implementation to understand the individual and organisational level enablers and barriers to the implementation of MECC.
 3.Study 3: Consensus study to achieve stakeholder consensus on strategies to address identified barriers and enablers .
 
 Highlights or Results or Key Findings: Using the Theoretical Domains Framework3 barriers and enablers to Implementation were identified under the following domains: environmental context, goals and intentions, knowledge, professional role, beliefs about consequences, beliefs about capabilities and skills practice. 
 A consensus process identified and refined the following nine implementation strategies.
 1.Provide dedicated time to practitioners to attend training and use MECC
 2.Empower and engage management/senior staff to take responsibility for MECC
 3.Implement a user-friendly and integrated system of recording MECC
 4.Develop service directories for healthcare professionals to refer patients
 5.Have local MECC champions to model best practice and share experiences
 6.Create a dedicated resource centre on the MECC website with information regarding MECC training courses and contacts
 7.Have a HSE national communications campaign to promote MECC
 8.Generate and highlight evidence for the impact of MECC on patients
 9.Enhance integration of MECC with undergraduate healthcare professional education
 Conclusion: In this programme of research we have worked with key stakeholders to understand barriers and enablers to MECC implementation and develop recommendations to enhance the implementation and scaling-up of the MECC programme.
 Implementation of the MECC programme remains a key priority for the Irish Health Service. 
 Implications for applicability/transferability, sustainability, and limitations: The outputs from this research provide strong evidence based strategies to support the ongoing implementation of the MECC programme. The dissemination of the findings to key policy and strategic stakeholders and the development of an implementation plan will further embed Making Every Contact Count in services.
 

Life without Gillick: Adolescent sexual and reproductive healthcare in Ireland

The decision of the House of Lords in Gillick v West Norfolk Area Health Authority carved out a safe space for competent minors to confidentially access sexual and reproductive health care and advice in the UK. Ireland is one of the few common law jurisdictions that has not endorsed Gillick or a similar mature minor doctrine, nor has it securely legislated for the right to consent of those aged 16 and 17 years. The legal lacuna created by this deficiency has left young persons in Ireland seeking sexual and reproductive healthcare, and the clinicians who provide this, in a challenging place. While this void has been partially filled with policy statements by bodies such as the Irish College of General Practitioners and the Health Service Executive, nonetheless the legal shortcomings leave both a sense of insecurity, and real world difficulties for adolescents seeking to access to sexual and reproductive healthcare.