Exclusionary Model Research Articles

Recategorization of Multicultural Policy Models and Its Implications

Purpose: This study explores its implications by categorizing existing models related to multicultural policies more concisely. There are four types of existing multicultural policy-related models. In other words, it is divided into Differential Exclusionary Model, Assimilation Model, Multiculturalism Model, Cultural Pluralism Model. If the common issues underlying the four models are analyzed and then structured based on the issues, it is expected that a more concise and clear multicultural policy-related model can be derived. Method: Four models are re-categorized, focusing on common issues. Based on the re-categorized results, it is named to match the characteristics of the model. After deriving a newly re-categorized and named model, its implications are explored. Results: A common issue lies at the base of the existing four models related to multicultural policy. A common issue is how to establish the relationship between diversity and integration. Differential Exclusionary Model and Assimilation Model share the view that diversity undermines integration. This point of view can be named ‘Conflict between Diversity and Integrity Model’. On the other hand, Multiculturalism Model and Cultural Pluralism Model share the view that diversity and integration can coexist. This perspective can be categorized as Coexistence between Diversity and Integrity Model. Conclusion: Existing multicultural policy-related models can be re-categorized into ‘Conflict between Diversity and Integrity Model’ and ‘Coexistence between Diversity and Integrity Model’. In the ‘Conflict between Diversity and Integrity Model’, diversity and integration are set as incommensurable domains. In the ‘Coexistence between Diversity and Integrity Model’, diversity and integration are set as commensurable domains. Furthermore, using a series of strategies, ‘Conflict between Diversity and Integrity Model’ can be transformed to ‘Coexistence between Diversity and Integrity Model’.

Exclusionary reasons and mental contamination

According to Joseph Raz, authoritative directives are exclusionary reasons, which means that people have normative reasons not to act on their personal assessment of the merit of the case even though this doesn’t imply that they have to surrender their personal judgment. The exclusionary model of authority is contrasted with the weighing model. One reason to accept the exclusionary model of authority over the weighing model is that human beings are fallible and obedience to the law can be a way to protect them from bias. This article questions the ability of the exclusionary model to counteract biases. To do so, it combines three different traditions of empirical studies: a general framework on our inability to intentionally ignore relevant or quasi-relevant information — studies on ‘mental contamination’; Jonathan Haidt's research on the conflict between moral reasoning and moral intuitions; and studies on motivated reasoning. While the overall picture does not doom the exclusionary model, it provides reason to articulate it as implying that surrender of judgment is often important.

The Normativity of Law: Has the Dispositional Model Solved our Problem?

In Legal Directives and Practical Reasons, Noam Gur has presented a novel account, called the dispositional model, to explain how law bears on our normative practical reasons. Gur holds that his model is superior to the current models, namely the standard weighing model and Joseph Raz's exclusionary model. Although his work provides useful insights into the practical impact of law, I argue that: (i) his challenge against the exclusionary model is valid only insofar as one accepts Raz's normal justification thesis and dependence thesis; (ii) his argument against the weighing model misses its target, because it attacks the model as a decision-making method, not as an account of practical reason; and (iii) his dispositional model solely constitutes a decision-making strategy and does not offer a third alternative answer to the question of how law affects our normative practical reasons. Hence, the dispositional model is not a competitor to the weighing and the exclusionary model, and the problem of accounting for the normativity of law remains.

Announcements

Announcement| March 01 2022 Announcements American Literature (2022) 94 (1): 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1215/00029831-9697085 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Announcements. American Literature 1 March 2022; 94 (1): 215–218. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00029831-9697085 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsAmerican Literature Search Advanced Search The Norman Foerster Prize for the best essay published in American Literature in 2021 was awarded to Madeline Zehnder for her essay “Colonial Relations in Miniature: Affective Networks, Race, and the Portrait in Victor Séjour’s ‘Le Mulâtre’” (93:2, June 2021). An honorable mention was awarded to Michelle N. Huang for her essay “Racial Disintegration: Biomedical Futurity at the Environmental Limit” (93:3, September 2021). Members of the judging committee were Dixa Ramírez D'Oleo (chair), Brown University; Erica R. Edwards, Rutgers University; and Walt Hunter, Clemson University.Citizenship remains one of the most pervasive and contested terms in literary and cultural studies. It has been both idealized as the remedy for the struggles of the disenfranchised and challenged as an exclusionary model of belonging built on structural inequalities and subjection. In reassessments of citizenship beginning in the 1990s, Lauren Berlant, Michael Warner, David Kazanjian, and others show how the abstractness of universalist... Issue Section: Announcements You do not currently have access to this content.

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Do ambiguous property rights matter? Collective value logic in Lin Village

Since the 1980s, landed property rights have been the subject of heated debate in China. On the one hand, the OECD and many mainstream economists, China’s road to prosperity is hampered by its system of vaguely-defined rights to land which, according to these analysts, is preventing the efficient use of land and causing social conflicts. On the other hand, critics of private property rights theory argue that the axiomatic denunciation of ambiguous property rights one-sidedly privileges economic efficiency at the expense of social, cultural and ethical considerations. This polarised debate raises the question, ‘Do ambiguous property rights matter?’ To address this question, this article analyses the negotiations around a development project in Lin Village, Xiamen. In this relatively affluent urban village, differing conceptions of the ownership of land have not posed any impediment to the joint development projects successfully carried out by villagers, Lin Village Collective and the local government. This evidence questions the claim that a private property rights system is prerequisite for transformative urban development irrespective of context. Lin Village’s land use system, an alternative to private land tenure relations, suggests that the collective value logic, defended by land economists of the original institutional economics school, offers an alternative to the private, exclusionary model of urban development.

Ficções queer brasileiras: anotações para um dossiê

O cânone literário ainda é baseado em um modelo excludente – masculino, branco, heterossexual, classe média – que acaba por instaurar invisibilidades na vida literária, como se comprova a partir da pouca presença de autorias LGBTQI+ em editoras hegemônicas e/ou de personagens LGBTQI+ exercendo função de protagonistas em narrativas. No cenário contemporâneo, no qual as pautas políticas dos estudos de gênero e raça/etnia evidenciaram sua urgência, é necessário sublinhar como tem sido discutida a representação e a representatividade na literatura. Mais do que nunca tem sido demonstrada a potência da identificação entre leitor/a e literatura na construção e fortalecimento das subjetividades individuais, fato que torna preocupante haver poucas obras com as quais pessoas LGBTQI+ possam mirar-se. Contra o cânone excludente não bastariam personagens não hegemônicos em ação, mas seriam necessários projetos literários ou de crítica literária que questionassem os dispositivos e tecnologias normalizadoras do corpo e do gênero. Este texto, nesse sentido, tem por objetivo apresentar minimamente as questões que nortearam a convocatória para um dossiê de ficções brasileiras que teve o queer como chave de leitura política e estética.

Pedal Solidário

A implantação e consolidação do modelo neoliberal teve como consequências a precarização acentuada do trabalho no Brasil, marginalização social e aumento da desigualdade. O grande número de pessoas vivendo em situação de vulnerabilidade possibilita o surgimento de debates sobre outras economias, como formas de resistência a um modelo excludente, opressor e meritocrata. Entre elas, a Economia Solidária aparece como uma alternativa viável de transformação de realidades locais. O projeto de extensão Pedal Solidário busca viabilizar a geração de renda para adolescentes que estão à margem do mercado de trabalho. Consideramos que a experiência desse projeto pode ser traduzida em um conjunto de avanços e dificuldades que servirão como base para orientação de outras ações desse tipo.

Islam and Muslim Minorities in Austria: Historical Context and Current Challenges of Integration

European nations face a paradox. On the one hand, anti-terrorism and security concerns push them to compromise the religious liberties of Muslims and to restrict the practice of Islam in public space. On the other hand, these countries seek to regulate, institutionalise and give representation to (i.e. ‘Europeanise’) Islam, and to facilitate the socioeconomic integration of Muslim minorities. At the same time, the public visibility of Islam has rekindled discussions concerning the nature and content of European secularism, unintentionally giving rise to secular populist movements and Islamophobia. Using Austria as a case study, this paper frames this paradoxical development within its oft-neglected historical legal context. Particularly, it reviews how the country’s history and its legacy have shaped the inclusionary model of religious governance in Austria and Muslim associative life. It then examines how the integration of Muslims in Austria has been challenged by the exclusionary model of citizenship, Islamophobia, xenophobia and discrimination. Finally, it describes the securitisation and recent policy changes towards Islam and Muslims and how these deviate from the historical legal context, compromising the religious liberties of Muslims and restricting Islam from public space.

Institutionalizing Inclusive Markets as a Prerequisite to Inclusive Growth

This article questions the contemporary definitions given to the concept of inclusive growth, which is assumed to be an effective solution to the problems of exclusion (marginalization, unemployment, poverty, inequality, etc.), without designing new growth models and without putting in place the tools necessary for inclusion (regulation, institutions, capacities, etc.). In the authors' view, the current exclusionary model is far from generating real inclusion as long as it fails to promote the necessary institutions to produce real inclusion and the ability to deal with the different forms of “exclusion.”

A Study on Multi-cultural Society in Korea: Focusing on Multi-cultural Policy, Social Capital, and Corruption

한국은 세계화의 흐름과 국내 여러 요인들로 인해 다문화사회로 빠르게 변화하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 한국사회에 많은 문제를 가져왔고, 이에 대한 대책이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 한국 다문화사회의 문제점을 이주민의 관점, 내국민의 관점, 사회 전체적 관점에서 살펴보고, 그에 대응하는 개선방안을 찾아보았다. 구체적인 사례를 보면, 이주민의 관점에서는 주로 차별적 대우가 문제가 되었고, 내국민의 관점에서는 역차별이 문제가 되었다. 그리고 사회 전체적 관점에서는 사회통합이 주요 쟁점이 되었다. 그리고 합리적인 개선방안을 찾기 위해 다문화정책과 사회적 자본, 부패의 상관관계에 대해서 분석해 보았다. 부패는 국가 발전의 원동력인 사회적 자본, 즉 신뢰와 호혜성, 인적 네트워크를 약화 시키고, 사회 구성원 간의 불신과 배타적 인간관계를 만들어 내고 있다. 역으로 낮은 수준의 사회적 자본이 부패를 가증시킨다는 분석도 있다. 결국, 부패가 심하고 사회적 자본의 수준이 낮을수록, 정부신뢰가 낮고, 정부정책도 실패할 가능성이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 그러므로 한국 다문화사회가 안정적으로 정착하려면, 합리적인 다문화정책의 모색과 함께, 부패통제와 사회적 자본의 수준을 높이려는 노력이 병행되어야 하겠다. 그리고 본 논문에서는 다문화정책의 큰 방향을 잡을 때 Castles and Miller(2003)가 제시하는 정책모형에 입각하여 본 저자의 생각을 밝혀보았다. Castles and Miller(2003)는 차별적 배제모형(differential exclusionary model), 동화모형(assimilation model), 다문화주의모형(multi-cultural model)으로 다문화정책을 분류하고 있다. 결국, 한국 다문화사회의 안정과 성공적인 정착은 그 사회를 구성하는 이주민과 내국민, 그리고 통합을 위한 사회 전체적 관점에서 서로의 신뢰를 바탕으로, 이해와 양보를 통해 이루어 나가야 한다. 그 과정에서 세 가지 정책모형의 가치관을 어느 분야에서, 어떠한 형태로 그리고 어느 정도의 강도로 정책에 가미시키는가가 건강한 다문화사회를 만드는 관건이 될 것이다.Korea is changing rapidly into a multi-cultural society due to the flow of globalization and various domestic factors. This phenomenon has caused many problems in the Korean society, so reasonable measures are required. The study looked at the problems of Korean multi-cultural society from the perspective of migrants, Korean and a whole society, and then tried to find out the corresponding improvement measures. Some of major findings of the study are summarized as follows: From the viewpoint of migrants, discriminatory treatment became a problem, and from the viewpoint of Korean, reverse discrimination became a matter. Social integration has become a major issue from the perspective of a whole society. In order to find a reasonable improvement way, this study analyzed the correlation between multi-cultural policy, social capital and corruption. The corruption weakens the social capital that is the driving force of national development. That undermines trust, reciprocity and human networks, and creates distrust and exclusive human relations among members of society. On the contrary, there is an analysis that low-level social capital aggravates corruption. As a result, it is analyzed that the higher the degree of corruption and the lower the level of social capital, the lower the trust of government and the failure of government policy. Therefore, in order to stabilize Korean multi-cultural society, efforts to control corruption and raise the level of social capital should be concurrently carried out with the search for a rational multi-cultural policy. To present the direction of Korea s multi-cultural policy, in addition, the study searched author s thoughts based on the policy model proposed by Castles and Miller(2003). The authors classify multi-cultural policies as differential exclusionary model, assimilation model, and multi-cultural model. Based on this findings, the study concludes that the stability and successful settlement of Korean multi-cultural society should be achieved through understanding and concession based on mutual trust from the perspective of migrants, Korean and society as a whole for integration. In the process, the value of the three policy models will be added to the policy in what field, in what form and to what extent, which will be the key to creating a healthy multi-cultural society.

Inclusive Reform as a Response to High-Stakes Pressure? Leading toward Inclusion in the Age of Accountability

Students identified with disabilities are increasingly being educated with the assistance of support services within heterogeneous (i.e., general education) classrooms. Yet, in this era of high-stakes accountability, students are labeled, sorted, and differentially treated according to their academic achievement as reflected on standardized tests. We engaged in a project to better understand how educators grapple with these externally imposed pressures as they work to change the organizational structure of their schools to be able to implement greater inclusion of their students served by special education. We spent four years in two elementary schools engaged in inclusive school reform (shifting from exclusionary model to an inclusive one) specifically as a response to the pressures of test-based accountability mandates. Our work was guided by the following questions. In this era of high-stakes testing accountability: • What does school-wide inclusive reform for students with disabilities involve? • What kinds of changes can result from inclusive reform? • What role does leadership play in inclusive reform? The article focuses on what inclusive reform involved, the resulting changes, and the role distributed leadership played in moving toward more inclusive service in the age of high-stakes accountability.

Hegemonic and emerging concepts of conservation: a critical examination of barriers to incorporating Indigenous perspectives in protected area conservation policies and practice

ABSTRACT The establishment of Canada's protected areas mirrored their development throughout the New World, using an exclusionary model of conservation reflecting the hegemonic nature/culture dichotomy. There has been increasing criticism of the colonial and postcolonial impacts resulting from this exclusionary model: new concepts developed to better link Indigenous peoples and conservation lands (e.g. cultural landscapes, socio-ecological systems, resilience and bio-cultural conservation) have thus been developed. But the existing paradigms and dichotomies that buttress the exclusionary model – including a linear, static view of nature, a deep seated discourse equating human presence with ecosystem destruction, the concept of wilderness, differing concepts of recreation/work and the nature/culture split – have proved more difficult to supplant that anticipated, and have restricted progress in moving these new concepts from theory to practice. This paper reviews these concepts and barriers and buttresses these theoretical critiques with practical insights from a study in a co-managed park in the Yukon Territory, Canada. The existing role of outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in protected areas is a particular focus in examining the barriers to developing new conservation discourses which allow for a more meaningful engagement from Indigenous peoples. A pyramid of potential changes is suggested to encourage future incremental change.

Understanding the effects of spaceflight on head–trunk coordination during walking and obstacle avoidance

Prolonged exposure to spaceflight conditions results in a battery of physiological changes, some of which contribute to sensorimotor and neurovestibular deficits. Upon return to Earth, functional performance changes are tested using the Functional Task Test (FTT), which includes an obstacle course to observe post-flight balance and postural stability, specifically during turning. The goal of this study was to quantify changes in movement strategies during turning events by observing the latency between head-and-trunk coordinated movements. It was hypothesized that subjects experiencing neurovestibular adaptations would exhibit head-to-trunk locking (‘en bloc’ movement) during turning, exhibited by a decrease in latency between head and trunk movement. FTT data samples were collected from 13 ISS astronauts and 26 male 70-day head down tilt bed rest subjects, including bed rest controls (10 BRC) and bed rest exercisers (16 BRE). Samples were analyzed three times pre-exposure, immediately post-exposure (0 or 1-day post) and 2–3 times during recovery from the unloading environment. Two 3D inertial measurements units (XSens MTx) were attached to subjects, one on the head and one on the upper back. This study focused primarily on the yaw movements about the subject׳s center of rotation. Time differences (latency) between head and trunk movement were averaged across a slalom obstacle portion, consisting of three turns (approximately three 60° turns). All participants were grouped as ‘decreaser’ or ‘increaser’, relating to their change in head-to-trunk movement latency between pre- and post-environmental adaptation measures. Spaceflight unloading (ISS) showed a bimodal response between the ‘increaser’ and ‘decreaser’ group, while both bed rest control (BRC) and bed rest exercise (BRE) populations showed increased preference towards a ‘decreaser’ categorization, displaying greater head–trunk locking. It is clear that changes in movement strategies are adopted during exposure to an unloading environment. These results further the understanding of vestibular–somatosensory convergence and support the use of bed rest as an exclusionary model to better understand sensorimotor changes in spaceflight.

Drawing the Line: The Father Reimagined in Faulkner, Wright, O’Connor, and Morrison by Doreen Fowler

BOOK REVIEWS Drawing the Line: The Father Reimagined in Faulkner, Wright, O’Connor, and Morrison, by Doreen Fowler. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2013. 184 pp. $35.00 cloth. DOREEN FOWLER’S DRAWING THE LINE: THE FATHER REIMAGINED IN Faulkner, Wright, O’Connor, and Morrison employs traditional lines of critical inquiry to quite unusual ends. It is, at base, an outstanding effort to read beyond the patriarchal function of the father to articulate other, more supportive roles that father figures play in literature and culture. Building upon the work of Jessica Benjamin and Julia Kristeva, Fowler utilizes familiar psychological and feminist tropes to new ends with remarkable clarity to reimagine the father as a “border figure” that not only makes and enforces boundaries, but also supports others in negotiating them. Boundaries are, as Fowler points out, a source of both division and connection, and they “achieve this seeming contradiction by being not one thing or the other but a composite of both.” In the texts that Fowler examines, the father figure acts in similar fashion as he, like a boundary, “shares a relation with both one and the other, but is identical with neither” (6). In such a reading, boundaries become places of union rather than exclusion, and the resultant social and racial implications are profound. As Fowler puts it, “as more people on both sides of culture’s binaries acknowledge that each one of us is the double of the other—both the same and different—step by step, together, we move closer toward a more equitable society” (143). Fowler begins by engaging the problematic nature of identification, asking, “How and when is it permissible for one to say ‘we’ so as to express solidarity with those of different ethnic, gender, and sexual configurations?” (1). In short, how can one identify with another, yet avoid dominance and cultural appropriation? How does one balance “the need to preserve culturallydefineddifferencesandtheneedtoovercome polarization” (2)? These are the questions Fowler brings to four coming-of-age stories by William Faulkner, Richard Wright, Flannery O’Connor, and Toni Morrison. The answers that she finds in this diverse group of writers center on the father figure’s boundary-making function as these figures “introduce new subjects to boundaries that both divide and attach, and these porous boundaries enable an individual to have 296 Mississippi Quarterly commerce with others while still maintaining a different ethnic, raced, and gendered identity” (5). Fowler begins with Faulkner in a chapter that focuses on Chick Mallison’s relationships with Gavin Stevens and Lucas Beauchamp in Intruder in the Dust. The narrative forces Chick to choose between Stevens’s traditional model of identity and Beauchamp’s more fluid one, an “alternative to a Western exclusionary model of paternal authorization” (16). Beauchamp, whose very existence defies traditional definitionsofraceandclass,becomesforChick“afatherwhoseauthority is not defined by an Oedipal threat” (30). In contrast to Stevens and the even more threatening father figure of Nub Gowrie, Beauchamp’s example allows Chick to think about matters of race, class, and history outside of the dichotomies that trap his uncle, and, indeed, most of Jefferson. The next chapter focuses on another racially liminal character, Boris Max, Bigger Thomas’s Jewish attorney in Native Son. Max, Fowler argues, “straddles the border between white and black and introduces a boundary that enables individuation and social relations” for the isolated Bigger (17). Fowler suggests a biographical connection when she points out that in Wright’s autobiography Black Boy, Wright’s metaphorical hunger for a father becomes intimately connected to the hunger in his belly. In Native Son, Max fills this void for Bigger as he “embraces Bigger as a son” (71). The father’s role as mediator isn’t always so pleasant, and throughout O’Connor’s fiction the father figure appears as a very different sort of mediator. Fowler identifies a pattern in which a father figure invested with Christ imagery resists the role of mediator and brings with him chaos and exclusion. O’Connor often claimed that violence enables the action of grace, and her term for these unlikely “third-party figures” which enable that grace and transformation is “prophet” (74). Thus, “O’Connor’s fiction recognizes both the fearfulness...

Gentrificação no Bairro 2 de Julho, em Salvador: modos, formas e conteúdos

Este artigo tem como objetivo entender os processos recentes de reestruturação urbana que vêm tomando corpo no centro antigo de Salvador, mais particularmente, as ações corporativas e públicas apoiadas na lógica da gentrificação e da privatização do espaço urbano. Para tanto, concentramos a presente análise na proposta de intervenção no Bairro 2 de Julho, buscando entender como esse processo vem se constituindo nesta área reconhecida pela Unesco como Patrimônio da Humanidade. Nos empreendimentos privados apoiados pelo poder público, evidencia-se processos de exclusão social, produzidos por um modelo de planejamento urbano excludente pautado na concepção do urbanismo corporativo, que se utiliza de mecanismos de desvalorização e revalorização de patrimônio histórico-cultural. Contribuindo assim, para facilitar e ampliar o processo de ressignificação do patrimônio urbano e a expulsão da população mais pobre.

Drawing the Line: The Father Reimagined in Faulkner, Wright, O’Connor, and Morrison by Doreen Fowler (review)

FOWLER, DOREEN. Drawing the Line: The Father Reimagined in Faulkner, Wright, O'Connor, and Morrison. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia Press, 2013. x + 173 pp. $35.00. Cloth. In contrast to dominant Oedipal interpretations of the father as a divisive figure who introduces opposition and exclusion, Doreen Fowler, drawing on the work of Jessica Benjamin and Julia Kristeva, renders a more complex, paradoxical portrait of the father's role in establishing identity. Through readings of work by William Faulkner, Richard Wright, Flannery O'Connor, and Toni Morrison, Fowler traces the father's acculturating role as a figure who intervenes and connects, enabling an interfacing of and other (20). Deeply engaged with the nuances of psychoanalytic theory, Drawing the Line thus sophisticatedly unpacks the father's function in creating a play of identification and interrelation that allows for cultural exchange and cultural specificity (6). Though the authors Fowler analyzes write from distinct raced and gendered subject positions, their work is collectively forged in and against the racial crucible of the American South, and her re-readings of the father figure provide a way of thinking beyond familiar explications of white paternalism. Drawing the Line begins by examining Faulkner's 1948 novel Intruder in the Dust. In this standout chapter, Fowler inventively illustrates how Lucas Beauchamp dismantles the notion that the father's authority rests on an exclusionary, oppositional violence, instead seeing in him an alternative to a Western exclusionary model of paternal authorization (16). Intruder's dynamic of burial and disinterment, repression and revival, are symbolic, she argues, of a buried interrogation of exclusionary, binary meanings, including that of black-white difference (47). Fowler next follows issues of identification, interrelation, difference, and domination by examining Wright's Native Son (1940). Drawing on Kristeva's theory of abjection, she argues that, in a white culture than denies him belonging, Bigger Thomas's conflicting desires for individuation and integration lead to both his drive for solidarity and his tragic impulse for violence. Wright, she argues, strives to find a way to reconcile and ameliorate Bigger's competing drives in the figure of Max, his lawyer and father figure, who bequeaths the necessary boundaries for his individuation. In the following chapter, Fowler continues to trace the father's role in enabling individuation in the work of O'Connor. Her fiction is, as Fowler reads it, filled with fatherly border figures who straddle a liminal, prophetic space between self and other and between human and Divine (18). …

Book Reviews

This article examines (post)nationalism in recent Quebecois cinema. I study the films Heartbeats (2010) by Xavier Dolan and Night #1 (2011) by Anne Emond, which portray personal stories of love and lust. Looking at the link between intimate and political relationships, I investigate what the new tendency to portray today’s disillusioned youths’ unfulfilled romantic fantasies tells us about how contemporary Quebec identifies, connects with, and defines itself in opposition to the Other. This phenomenon appears to be all the more prominent in Quebec since Quebec’s national identity has historically been defined “in opposition,” alternately to the British colonizer, to the rest of English-speaking Canada, to the English-speaking minority within Quebec, and more recently to immigrants from a variety of cultural and religious backgrounds. Thus I suggest that Quebec’s exclusionary model of identity has been incorporated in the construction of personal identity, leaving today’s youth longing for a closeness that...

Legitimizing Accumulation by Dispossession: The State/Capital Nexus in Land-Related Investment Agreements

The notion of land grab has rapidly become a global catch-phrase. As such, the phenomenon is subject to a multitude of interpretations, and at the same time has not been properly unpacked in its being supported and determined by legal means. In the attempt to contribute to a better legal and economic understanding of the global land rush, the present paper underlines the importance to broadly interpret land-grabbing as a contemporary form of massive private accumulation by dispossession of common goods, a mechanism of occupation and transformation of the territory conducted thanks to the essential role of public authority. Moreover, the Author looks at existing investment agreements, and demonstrate that the grabbings are not the consequence of failures or misconducts, but rather the expression of a right to appropriate which is clearly stated in the private-public deal. Law and sovereignty are, therefore, crucial allies of the expansion of an exclusionary model of development, but could also become strong forms of resistance.

Sistema Nacional de Cultura: a tradução do dinâmico e do formal nos municípios da região Sul

A trajetória das políticas públicas da cultura no país, desde a era Vargas até o atual momento de institucionalização do Sistema Nacional de Cultura (SNC), evidencia a disputa entre os agentes sociais que lutam pela preservação da hegemonia de um modelo excludente e aqueles que defendem a cultura como um direito social. A construção e a instauração do Sistema pela sua própria lógica, só podem ser concretizadas a partir da mobilização nacional dos dirigentes estaduais e municipais da cultura e da sociedade civil organizada. O SNC envolve sistemas organizativos e institucionalizados nos três níveis federativos, numa articulação institucional regulada por normativas, instrumentos, aparatos e negociações. Nossa reflexão sobre a construção do SNC considera as informações sobre a dinâmica, o aparato cultural e a institucionalidade da cultura nos municípios brasileiros, recolhidas pelo IBGE. Interpretamos e discutimos os dados da região Sul, a fim de identificar as potencialidades dos municípios e as necessidades que se apresentam para a efetivação de um sistema complexo de gestão e política públicas. Essa discussão nos permite algumas projeções acerca da envergadura da tarefa que deverá mobilizar a imensa maioria dos municípios do país na desconstrução de tradições arraigadas no exercício do governo. Nesse sentido, é a partir da pedagogia do oprimido e da educação como prática da liberdade de Paulo Freire que o planejamento situacional de Matus poderá intervir, tanto como abordagem crítica à realidade social, quanto apropriação do planejamento como ferramenta política de luta no campo social da política da cultura. Consideramos que esta seja uma oportunidade para experimentar um diálogo criativo, que coproduza conhecimento a partir de uma posição contra-hegemônica e para escapar da naturalização dos conceitos tradicionais da área da gestão, inadequados a uma realidade dinâmica, que não precisa repetir os modelos dominantes de empresa e de management.