Excessive Losses Research Articles

The Impact of Soil Erosion on the Spatial Distribution of Soil Characteristics and Potentially Toxic Element Contents in a Sloping Vineyard in Tállya, Ne Hungary

Abstract Soil erosion is a main problem in sloping vineyards, which can dramatically affect soil quality and fertility. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial patterns of selected physico-chemical soil characteristics and the soil’s potentially toxic element (PTE) contents in the context of erosion. The study was conducted in a 0.4 ha vineyard plot on a steep slope in Tállya, part of the wine-growing region of Tokaj-Hegyalja (Hungary). A total of 20 topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were collected and analysed for PTEs (B, Co, Ba, Sr, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Cu), soil pH (deionized water and KCl solution), particle-size distribution, soil organic matter (SOM), (nitrate+nitrite)-N, P2O5, and carbonate content. Among the selected PTEs, only Cu (125±27 mg/kg) exceeds the Hungarian standards set for soils and sediments (75 mg/kg) due to the long-term use of Cu-based pesticides in the vineyard. Examined PTEs are negatively correlated with the sand content of the topsoil, except for Mn, while the significant positive relationship with the clay content shows the role of clay in retaining PTEs in soil. SOM seems to play a minor role in binding PTEs, as Cu is the only element for which a significant correlation with the SOM content can be detected. The spatial distribution maps prepared by inverse distance weighting (IDW) and lognormal kriging (LK) methods show higher PTE contents at the summit and the shoulder of the hillslope and lower contents at the backslope and the footslope zones. The low slope gradients (0-5 degree) and the high contents of the coarse fraction (> 35%) likely protect the soil at the summit and the hillslope’s shoulder from excessive erosion-induced losses. While the reraising PTE contents at the toeslope are likely due to the deposition of fine soil particles (silt and clay). The highest SOM contents at the summit and the toeslope areas, and increased contents of the coarse fraction at the backslope, confirm the effects of soil erosion on the spatial distribution patterns of main soil quality indicators. Overall, the LK outperformed the IDW method in predicting the soil parameters in unsampled areas.

Towards Precise Interpretation of Oil Transformers via Novel Combined Techniques Based on DGA and Partial Discharge Sensors.

Power transformers are considered important and expensive items in electrical power networks. In this regard, the early discovery of potential faults in transformers considering datasets collected from diverse sensors can guarantee the continuous operation of electrical systems. Indeed, the discontinuity of these transformers is expensive and can lead to excessive economic losses for the power utilities. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA), as well as partial discharge (PD) tests considering different intelligent sensors for the measurement process, are used as diagnostic techniques for detecting the oil insulation level. This paper includes two parts; the first part is about the integration among the diagnosis results of recognized dissolved gas analysis techniques, in this part, the proposed techniques are classified into four techniques. The integration between the different DGA techniques not only improves the oil fault condition monitoring but also overcomes the individual weakness, and this positive feature is proved by using 532 samples from the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC). The second part overview the experimental setup for (66/11.86 kV–40 MVA) power transformer which exists in the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC), the first section in this part analyzes the dissolved gases concentricity for many samples, and the second section illustrates the measurement of PD particularly in this case study. The results demonstrate that precise interpretation of oil transformers can be provided to system operators, thanks to the combination of the most appropriate techniques.

Modeling of PWM-Induced Iron Losses With Frequency-Domain Methods and Low-Frequency Parameters

The high-frequency iron losses caused by sinusoidal flux density variations with frequencies ranging from 2.5 to 40 kHz, amplitudes from 1 to 70 mT, and dc-biased magnetic inductions from 0 to 1.62 T are measured with the dual-transformer system. Then, in this article, a simple frequency-domain model is proposed based on the linear fitting and two-dimensional interpolation methods for engineering applications. In addition, another two frequency-domain models, respectively, considering and neglecting the excess losses are investigated and compared for the high-frequency iron-loss modeling, which only need low-frequency parameters and contain the physical interpretation to the variation of high-frequency iron-loss coefficients with the frequency, ac flux density amplitude, and dc-biased magnetic induction. The iron losses generated by the unipolar and bipolar pulsewidth modulation (PWM) voltages with different switching frequencies and modulation factors are measured to testify the three models. It is shown that the three models in this article are more accurate than the previously proposed one for calculating the PWM-induced iron loss by considering the variation of model parameters with the dc-biased magnetic induction and ac flux density amplitude, especially when silicon steel sheets reach the saturation.

Multi-objective optimization based optimal sizing & placement of multiple distributed generators for distribution network performance improvement

Integration of Distributed Generations (DGs) into radial distribution network (RDN) is an emerging need to explore the benefits of renewable energy sources (RES). Increasing penetration of RES based DGs in RDN without proper planning leads to several operational problems such as excessive energy losses, poor voltage quality and load balancing. Hence, in this work, multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem is formulated by carefully chosen three conflicting objectives such as power loss minimization, enhancement of load balancing index (LBI) and aggregate voltage deviation index (AVDI). Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization (TLBO) is used to optimize MOO problem considering placement of DGs at multiple locations in RDN satisfying the constraints on bus voltage magnitude, branch flows and DG size. Comprehensive simulation studies have been carried out to obtain optimal performance for 69-nodes RDN with the increasing penetration of DGs at multiple locations. It is shown that determination of optimal sizing of DGs at multiple locations in RDN with MOO results in lesser power losses, improved voltage profiles and better load balancing as compared to placement of single DG in RDN. Performance measures such as spacing and spread indicators are used for characterizing Pareto solutions for MOO problem. Such set of non-dominated solutions obtained from Pareto front during multi-objective TLBO gives proper guidelines to the utility operator about sizing and placement of DGs based on the assigned priorities to the objectives.

Growth failure and metabolic acidosis due to total body sodium depletion in an infant with an ileostomy.

Sodium is an essential nutrient and inadequate sodium intake and/or excessive sodium losses can result in suboptimal growth. Infants with ileostomies are at significant risk of developing growth failure as a result of excessive sodium loss in their ileostomy effluent. Chronic sodium depletion can also limit the kidney's ability to excrete hydrogen and potassium ions, mimicking electrolyte abnormalities found in type 4 renal tubular acidosis. This report describes an infant with an ileostomy with severe growth failure, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis-all of which promptly resolved with sodium supplementation.

Integration of Energetic Model for Ferromagnetic Hysteresis in Finite Volume Method for Electromagnetic Field Calculation

In this article, a coupled algorithm between the control volume method and the hysteresis dynamic energetic model for ferromagnetic hysteresis is presented. To illustrate the dynamic behavior of ferromagnetic materials, the quasi-static model is extended by adding two components to the applied magnetic field “Hedd”, and “Hexc”. The added fields are related to the excess losses and classical eddy losses. Thus, two new supplementary coefficients are added to the model parameters. The determination of those coefficients is attained by measuring the energy density for two distinct frequencies. This model introducing the magnetic induction as an independent variable is presented in order to be directly used in time-stepping finite volume calculations applied to the magnetic vector potential formulation. The calculated results are validated by experiences performed in an Epstein’s frame. To check the effectiveness of this model combined with the control volume method in the time domain, the obtained results are compared with experiments.

Supplementation of vitamins, trace elements and electrolytes in the PEPaNIC Randomised Controlled Trial: Composition and preparation of the prescription.

Following the results of the paediatric early versus late parenteral nutrition in critical illness (PEPaNIC) multicentre, randomised, controlled trial, the new ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN and ESPNIC guidelines recommend to consider withholding parenteral macronutrients for 1 week, while providing micronutrients, in critically ill children if enteral nutrition is insufficient. Critically ill children are suspected to be vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies due to inadequate enteral nutrition, increased body's demands and excessive losses. Hitherto, micronutrient requirements in PICU are estimated based on recommended daily intakes for healthy children and expert opinion. We aimed to provide an overview of the current practice of micronutrient administration and practical considerations in the three participating centres of the PEPaNIC study, and compare these therapies with the recommendations in the new ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN guidelines. We describe the current composition and preparation of the prescribed parenteral micronutrients (consisting of vitamins, trace elements and electrolytes) in the three centres (Leuven, Rotterdam and Edmonton) that participated in the PEPaNIC RCT, and compare this per micronutrient with the ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN guidelines recommendations. The three centres use a different micronutrient supplementation protocol during the first week of critical illness in children, with substantial differences regarding the amounts administered. Leuven administers commercial vitamins, trace elements and electrolytes in separate infusions both in 4h. Rotterdam provides commercial vitamins and trace elements simultaneously via 8-h infusion and electrolytes continuously over 24h. Lastly, Edmonton administers commercial vitamins and institutionally prepared trace elements solutions in 1h and electrolytes on demand. Comparison with the ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR/CSPEN guidelines yields in differences between the recommendations and the administered amounts, which are most substantial for vitamins. The practice of intravenous micronutrient administration differs substantially between the three PEPaNIC centres and in comparison with the current guideline recommendations. This deviation is at least partially explained by the inability to provide all recommended amounts with the currently available commercial products and by the lack of strong evidence supporting these recommendations.

Research on Network Loss of Distributed Energy Integration into Power System

At present, the integration of clean energy into the grid has led to excessive network losses. This paper proposes a method for optimizing clean energy power generation parameters. In view of the random characteristics of intermittent renewable energy power generation such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the maximum likelihood estimation method is used to optimize the clean energy power generation model parameters. Then, a P-Q equation based on the integration of clean energy into the system was established. Finally, the simulation verified that the optimized power generation model effectively reduces the grid loss.

LossPass: Absorbing Microbursts by Packet Eviction for Data Center Networks

A bursty traffic pattern, called the microburst, is a key hurdle to achieve low latency for user-facing applications because it causes excessive packet losses in shallow buffered switches. Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) can absorb microbursts by reserving buffer headroom, but the existence of headroom results in a fundamental trade-off between latency and throughput. To this end, we present LossPass, a buffer sharing mechanism that absorbs microbursts as many as possible while maintaining line-rate throughput. Specifically, LossPass evicts buffered large flow packets to make free buffer space on demand for arriving small flow packets. Our solution is inexpensive to implement on hardware. We implement a LossPass prototype and evaluate its performance through extensive testbed experiments and large-scale simulations. Our evaluation results show that LossPass reduces the FCT of small flows while maintaining line-rate throughput. For example, in testbed experiments, LossPass outperforms ECN by up to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.20\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the 99th percentile FCT of small flows.

Solar-photovoltaic-power-sharing-based design optimization of distributed energy storage systems for performance improvements

Proper energy storage system design is important for performance improvements in solar power shared building communities. Existing studies have developed various design methods for sizing the distributed batteries and shared batteries. For sizing the distributed batteries, most of the design methods are based on single building energy mismatch, but they neglect the potentials of energy sharing in reducing battery capacity, thereby easily causing battery oversizing problem. For sizing the shared batteries, the existing design methods are based on a community aggregated energy mismatch, which may avoid battery oversizing but cause another severe problem, i.e., excessive electricity losses in the sharing process caused by the long-distance power transmissions. Therefore, this study proposes a hierarchical design method of distributed batteries in solar power shared building communities, with the purpose of reducing the battery capacity and minimizing the energy loss in the sharing process. The developed design method first considers all the distributed batteries as a virtual ‘shared’ battery and searches its optimal capacity using genetic algorithm. Taking the optimized capacity as a constraint, the developed method then optimizes the capacities of the distributed batteries for minimizing the energy loss using non-linear programming. Case studies on a building community show that compared with an existing design method, the proposed design can significantly reduce the battery capacity and electricity loss in the sharing process, i.e. 36.6% capacity reduction and 55% electricity loss reduction. This study integrates the considerations of aggregated energy needs, local PV power sharing, advanced community control, and battery storage sharing, which will be useful to optimize three functions (energy efficiency, energy production and flexibility) in a positive energy district towards energy surplus and climate neutrality.

Fungicide Cost Reduction with Soybean Rust-Resistant Cultivars in Paraguay: A Supply and Demand Approach

Soybean rust (SBR) is one of the most serious diseases for Paraguay’s economy. To avoid excessive financial losses due to SBR, farmers utilize fungicides. Increasing fungicide costs are, therefore, becoming a threat to farmers’ incomes. Developing SBR-resistant cultivars is a possible solution to this problem. To investigate the effects of SBR-resistant cultivars on soybean farmers in Paraguay, we constructed a model for the supply and demand of soybeans considering yields, cultivated area, changes in the stock quantity of soybeans, exports of soybeans and soybean products, feed demand for soybean cake and price linkage functions. We established three scenarios: an SBR pandemic in which fungicides become ineffective (Scenario 1) and the adoption of SBR-resistant cultivars in 33% (Scenarios 2) and 75% (Scenarios 3) of cultivated areas. The estimation of these three scenarios demonstrates that SBR-resistant cultivar adoption will significantly reduce current fungicide costs for farmers by 112–253 million United States dollars (USD). The potential benefits of the widespread dissemination of SBR-resistant cultivars are also considered in terms of economic disparities and environmental risks. To establish a more sustainable agricultural industry, earlier dissemination of such cultivars is required.

Silicon polarization beam splitter at the 2 μm wavelength band by using a bent directional coupler assisted with a nano-slot waveguide.

A silicon-based polarizing beam splitter (PBS) working at the 2 μm wavelength band is proposed and demonstrated experimentally by using a bent directional coupler assisted with a nano-slot waveguide. The nano-slot width is chosen as 180 nm so that the present PBS can be fabricated with MPW foundries. In theory, the designed PBS has extinction ratios (ERs) of >15 dB and >30 dB for TM- and TE- polarizations in the wavelength range of 1825-2020 nm, respectively. For the fabricated PBS, the excess losses (ELs) are low (∼0.5 dB) while the measured results show the ERs are >15 dB and >20 dB for TM- and TE-polarizations in the wavelength band of 1860-1980 nm.

Optimal design for double reheat coal-fired power plants with post-combustion CO2 capture: A novel thermal system integration with a carbon capture turbine

The development of post-combustion capture is greatly restricted by its high energy consumption and the thermal efficiency penalty resulting from absorbent regeneration. This study provides novel insights into the design of a thermal system for double reheat coal-fired power plants integrated with full-scale post-combustion CO2 capture. To this end, this study proposed a modified thermal system integration scheme that included an extraction backpressure turbine called carbon capture turbine (CCT) to provide thermal energy for the regenerative heaters and CO2 capture system. A generalized thermal economy calculating framework and a thermal system parameter optimization model was also established to maximize the cycle thermal efficiency for the proposed scheme. A new unit was designed based on the modified scheme, and its parameters were determined by taking a 1000 MW double reheat coal-fired unit as a reference. These parameters were then optimized via dynamic adaptive particle swarm optimization. Compared with a conventional retrofitted unit, the coal consumption and CO2 emission rates of this newly designed unit were reduced by 0.01264 kg/(kW·h) and 0.00423 kg/(kW·h) after the parameter optimization, respectively. An exergy analysis for the proposed system shows that using CCT can efficiently prevent the extraction of steam superheat and the mismatch between the intermediate pressure cylinder exhaust and the reboiler from generating excessive exergy losses.

To VaR, or Not to VaR, That is the Question

This paper discusses the value-at-risk (VaR) concept and assesses the financial adequacy of the price probability determined by frequency of trades at price p. We take the price definition as the ratio of executed trade value to volume and show that it leads to price statistical moments, which differ from those, generated by frequency price probability. We derive the price n-th statistical moments as ratio of n-th statistical moments of the value and the volume of executed transactions. We state that the price probability determined by frequency of trades at price p doesn’t describe probability of executed trade prices and VaR based on frequency price probability may be origin of unexpected and excessive losses. We explain the need to replace frequency price probability by frequency probabilities of the value and the volume of executed transactions and derive price characteristic function. After 50 years of the VaR usage main problems of the VaR concept are still open. We believe that VaR commitment to forecast the price probability for the time horizon T seems to be one of the most tough and expensive puzzle of modern finance.

ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВИРОБНИЧИМИ ЗАПАСАМИ

In the course of research it has been stated that the category of «inventories» is not only the object of accounting, but also the object of management, so the identification of inventories in the assets upon receipt at the enterprise is the initial stage of the accounting process. The process of material and technical base management begins at the stage of searching for suppliers, delivery conditions, formation of the logistics component, determination of transport and procurement costs. There is no doubt that the additional costs associated with these processes will affect the formation of the value of purchased inventories. Therefore, the authors emphasize that the methods of estimating inventories at their receipt and disposal play an important role in accounting, as they affect the formation of the cost of finished goods produced from inventories, and hence the overall financial performance of the enterprise. It should also be taken into account that in accordance with the norms of UAS 9, only the amounts of transportation and procurement costs related to the acquisition (receipt) of inventories are subject to inclusion in the initial cost. In practice, the increase in the value of inventories often includes costs incurred in connection with the internal transportation of inventories on the territory of the enterprise or between its structural units; costs arising from the return of inventories to the supplier; costs for loading, transportation, transshipment and insurance of inventories, finished products (goods), freight forwarding and other services related to the sale of products (goods). Such costs do not affect the formation of the initial cost of inventories. Therefore, the authors highlighted the need for a clear delineation of these costs at specific enterprises with the reflection of provisions in the Order (Regulation) on accounting policies. Most scientists discuss the feasibility of search for a method of cost allocation during transportation, because during this process there can be losses of inventories both within the established norms of natural loss, excessive losses and shortages, as well as spoiled inventories found during asset recognition. The authors gave their own view on the possibility of solving this problem. The solving approach has been presented as well as the peculiarities of the reflection of the distributed transport and procurement costs in the system of accounting have been considered. The situation when the company transport both purchased inventories and those, sold to customers, with its own transport has been considered. In such cases, the authors suggest a method of allocating transportation costs with subsequent allocation to transport and procurement costs, which increase the cost of purchased inventories and distribution costs.

Limitation on Trader Fund Losses under the CARES Act of 2020

Hedge funds are characterized by a significant complexity of their tax attributes. In this paper, we explain how hedge fund investors might be affected by a limitation on excess business losses codified in a new IRC Section 461(l), introduced as a part of the TCJA of 2017 and later amended by the CARES Act of 2020. In order to allocate business losses a hedge fund must be a trader fund. We thus discuss what makes a hedge fund a trader fund, whether management and performance fees of a trader fund are deductible as trade or business loss, and whether trader fund losses constitute passive activity losses. After explaining the relationship between hedge fund losses and business losses, we illustrate with simple examples how the new provisions of the CARES Act under Section 461(l) may affect hedge fund investors. We find that compared to TCJA some of these new provisions are beneficial while others are detrimental to investors. On the balance, Section 461(l) remains punitive, uneconomic, and unnecessary.

ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ОБСЯГІВ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ ЗА МЕТОДОМ ЛІНІЙНОГО ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ (НА МАТЕРІАЛАХ НЕМИРІВСЬКОГО КХП, М. НЕМИРІВ ВІННИЦЬКОЇ ОБЛ.)

In this article reveals an example of forecasting the volumes of sales goods through ways of implement optimization analysis, that is by linear programming method. For example, volume of production goods for realization her consumers no must to exceed of determined out maximum or to be lower by minimum, what can to foreseeing in this task. For decision tasks of linear programming with a large number of variables and constraints, decomposition methods are used, which allow instead of the original problem to solve tasks of little volume. In general methodology of linear programming together with simplex-method is considered on the example Nemyriv bakery, where determined out profit on unit bakery products, obtained through the optimal ratio of material resources and costs incurred. In analysis and treatment of economic activities the each enterprises, particularly at composition forecast as to volumes of sales goods with aim of receiving profit, linear programming maybe successfully used out for decision tasks with optimization of development and organization trade processes upon regarding the sale of its products. With point of view management a tasks of linear programming – this tasks of optimal using resources. In each event planning of production goods necessity have on attention, which different productions resources (workforce, raw, materials, means of production) are limited, and also which known norm of costs these resources on different kinds goods, or possible are multiples variants to separating production resources. In our work, we ascertained that in analysis, compliance is checked of demand for bakery products to stocks of most-important kinds raw and materials together with costs as most important conditions for receive profit on enterprises and avoiding of excessive and unforeseen losses. With aim of rise efficiency of enterprises activities necessary and further to look at question of renewing assortment goods and increase quality her, increasing volumes of production, maximum of loading production powers equipment, efficiency using of available resources.

ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИМУЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРАВ УЧАСТНИКОВ УГОЛОВНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПРИ НАЛОЖЕНИИ АРЕСТА НА ИМУЩЕСТВО: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ

The object of the study is the modern theoretical and legal problems of ensuring the rights of “third parties” in criminal proceedings in the case of the application of the seizure of property. The author aims to: 1) identify problems of legal regulation of the procedural status of persons whose property may be seized; 2) determine the criteria for the validity of the seizure of property in general and its individual types, in particular (for example, the seizure of shares); 3) propose ways to solve the problems of protecting the rights of persons who are not official participants in criminal proceedings, whose property has been seized. The research is based on the study of scientific sources, the legislative basis of criminal proceedings, subordinate and related official documents (resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, statistical data, published judicial practice). Generalization, synthesis, abstraction, various types of analysis (systems, structural-functional, formal-logical, formal-legal and comparative-legal), legal modeling, legal-sociological and legal statistics methods were used. The authors make the following conclusions: (1) the coincidence in the main parameters of the procedure for the imposition of arrest on property and investigative actions testifies to the complex nature of the former, its fulfillment of a double task: the formation of evidence and the provision of possible property penalties; (2) the restriction of the constitutional right of ownership when seizing the property of one person affects (directly, indirectly, impliedly, potentially) the rights and legitimate interests of a wider range of persons, including legal ones. Economic relations in such conditions become unstable, and economic entities suffer excessive (and unjustified) losses. The authors propose to draw the legislator's attention to the need to regulate the procedural potential of persons (so-called “third parties”) whose rights and legitimate interests may be affected by the seizure of the property of other persons; (3) the procedure for the imposition of arrest on property presupposes the existence of sufficient grounds. The category is evaluative, it acquires a large share of subjectivity, which allows suggesting the expediency of changing it to the “presence of sufficient evidence confirming the fact of obtaining property by criminal means”.

Optimal Placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in a Distribution Network With Randomly Distributed Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems

The increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) in today’s transport sector is gradually leading to the phasing out of petroleum-based vehicles. However, the rapid deployment of EVs largely depends on the coordinated and fast expansion of EV charging stations (EVCSs). The integration of EVCSs in the modern distribution network characterized by increased penetration of randomly distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems is challenging as they can lead to excessive power losses and voltage deviations beyond acceptable limits. In this paper, a hybrid bacterial foraging optimization algorithm and particle swarm optimization (BFOA-PSO) technique is proposed for the optimal placement of EVCSs into the distribution network with high penetration of randomly distributed rooftop PV systems. The optimization problem is formulated as a multi-objective problem minimizing active and reactive power losses, average voltage deviation index, and maximizing voltage stability index. The IEEE 69 node distribution network is used as the case network. The simulation is done using MATLAB to integrate the EVCSs in five cases of randomly sized and placed PV systems in the distribution network. For all five cases, a minimal increase in power losses is recorded with minor changes in the voltage deviation and stability indices due to the placement of the EVCSs. But for the voltages of nodes 29 to 48, the other node voltages remain unchanged upon placement of the EVCSs. The largest increase in power losses due to the EVCSs being brought into the network with PVs was noticed in case 3 (from 142.27kW, and 62.90kVar to 147.65kW, and 72.48kVar).

Peculiarities of search for placer deposits of gold of the south of Ukraine

The long-term high level of world gold prices against the background of depletion of reserves with easily extracted metal leads to the search for and introduction into industrial development of deposits, even with low-tech ores and sands. This, in turn, requires the introduction of effective technologies for the enrichment and extraction of gold, contributes to the improvement of methods of exploration. At present, numerous manifestations of placer gold of various scales are known in the sedimentary strata of Meso-Cenozoic deposits in the south of Ukraine. But the real picture of the distribution and the actual scale of gold deposits in Ukraine are uncompleted and unreliable. This is due to the inconsistency of the applied search technique, which was aimed at identifying near-subglacial valley deposits, to the actual properties of gold-bearing formations. Gold in most Ukrainian placers is represented mainly by small, fine and dispersed particles in a significantly clay substrate. Therefore, the traditional geological samples washing by tray led to excessive losses of fine gold and to a significant underestimation of the gold potential. That is why we need to revise the results of previously obtained geological data. Detection of placer gold deposits of Ukraine is possible under the condition of increasing the efficiency of the local forecast and the reliability of field research. The most favorable situations for the accumulation of a useful component are structural denudation traps in tectonic depressive zones. The technology of sample enrichment must correspond to the actual properties of specific raw materials in the placer object. The types of technological equipment are given and some ways of increase of efficiency and reliability of test are offered. The article continues the series of publications devoted to solving the problems of studying placer gold content with a dominant share of fine and dispersed gold in sedimentary formations of the south of Ukraine.