Excess Steam Research Articles

レトルト内に於ける蟹及び鮭罐詰の膨脹度と罐内壓力

With the view of determining the allowable tightness in seaming the crab and salmon cans, the elastic deflection of the end plates and the internal pressure of 1 lb flat salmon cans and 1/2 lb flat crab cans were observed during retorting. The cans swell the most, after the finish of steaming, when the excess of steam is gradually piped out from the retort. At such stage, the internal excess pressure of the cans reaches 12 to 13 pounds per square inch, with 1/2lb flat crab cans, and 15 to 16 pounds per square inch, with 1lb flat salmon cans (red salmon), both in the ordinary processing now adopted in the canneriesin Kamchatka.

Design Features and Operating Results of Fairfield Blast-Furnace Power Plant

Abstract This paper discusses one of the latest blast-furnace power plants, built at the Fairfield Steel Plant of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company, and shows that by the improvement in efficiency in general it was possible to increase the electric power generated from surplus blast-furnace gas per ton of product about 50 per cent over what was average practice nine years ago, this result being due to increased efficiency of boiler plant, as well as to the increased amount of blast-furnace gas available. The operating results for a week’s period are given, as well as descriptions of the automatic combustion control employed, the system of utilizing surplus steam from an adjacent plant, the method of handling water systems, and other unusual features.

The Storage of Energy 1

THE subject of this lecture has been called by the world at large, even by well-informed Punch, “The Storage of Force.” Why, then, have I ventured, in my title, to differ from so popular an authority? For this simple reason—that you cannot store force any more than you can store time. There is as much difference between force and work, as there is between a mile and the speed of a train or between a ship and a voyage. Work involves two distinct ideas combined, whereas force only involves one. When a weight rests on the ground, the weight pushes the ground down with a certain force, and the ground pushes the weight up with the same force. If, then, there were such a thing as a storage of force, the mere resting of a weight on the ground would be such a storage, since the force exerted between the weight and the ground never grows less. But, I need hardly say, it would be beyond the ability of the cleverest engineer to work a machine, or drive a train, by using a weight resting on the ground; the very expression, “dead weight,” shows how useless it is for the practical purposes of producing motion. A weight resting on the safety-valve of a steam-engine may be a very good means of adjusting the pressure at which the valve shall open and liberate the excess steam, but this weight will never work the engine.