The utilization of 3D printing for fabricating ceramic membranes has garnered increasing attention in recent years. However, the precise preparation of ceramic slurries tailored for this purpose remains an area requiring more systematic research. This paper delves deeper into the photo-curing characteristics of ceramic slurries characterized by high solid content and low viscosity. Employing a mask-curing experimental system, the study investigates the impact of photoinitiators and additives, such as triethanolamine and tartrazine, on the photo-curing performance. Quantitative analysis is carried out, considering various parameters, including curing depth, curing broadening, broadening depth, critical energy, and curing sensitivity. By incorporating diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO), triethanolamine (TEOA), and tartrazine at optimized concentrations of 0.1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 1.0 wt% respectively, the broadening depth increases significantly, exceeding 200 μm. This effectively meets the curing depth requirements for 3D printing tasks. Consequently, the printed ceramic green body exhibits excellent shape retention, surface flatness (Ra < 0.9 μm), as well as ample strength and toughness. These characteristics provide a solid foundation for the subsequent preparation of high-performance ceramic membranes.