Excellent Detection Results Research Articles

Detection of dynamic background due to swaying movements from motion features.

Dynamically changing background (dynamic background) still presents a great challenge to many motion-based video surveillance systems. In the context of event detection, it is a major source of false alarms. There is a strong need from the security industry either to detect and suppress these false alarms, or dampen the effects of background changes, so as to increase the sensitivity to meaningful events of interest. In this paper, we restrict our focus to one of the most common causes of dynamic background changes: 1) that of swaying tree branches and 2) their shadows under windy conditions. Considering the ultimate goal in a video analytics pipeline, we formulate a new dynamic background detection problem as a signal processing alternative to the previously described but unreliable computer vision-based approaches. Within this new framework, we directly reduce the number of false alarms by testing if the detected events are due to characteristic background motions. In addition, we introduce a new data set suitable for the evaluation of dynamic background detection. It consists of real-world events detected by a commercial surveillance system from two static surveillance cameras. The research question we address is whether dynamic background can be detected reliably and efficiently using simple motion features and in the presence of similar but meaningful events, such as loitering. Inspired by the tree aerodynamics theory, we propose a novel method named local variation persistence (LVP), that captures the key characteristics of swaying motions. The method is posed as a convex optimization problem, whose variable is the local variation. We derive a computationally efficient algorithm for solving the optimization problem, the solution of which is then used to form a powerful detection statistic. On our newly collected data set, we demonstrate that the proposed LVP achieves excellent detection results and outperforms the best alternative adapted from existing art in the dynamic background literature.

A Novel System for Sedimentary Organic Carbon Isotope Sample Preparation

A new type of isotope preparation system was designed with excellent accuracy, high degree automation and high security. In view of the existing equipment with automation low degree automation, poor safety, much long preparation time and low precision of the sample preparation problems, a series of improvements were introduced, such as the automatic sampling device, contact valve, vacuum auxiliary system, gas meter and digital dashboards. It was found that the instrument finely designed had the characteristics such as high accuracy, automation and security. Combined with the sample detection device, the preparated sample had excellent detection results. Meanwhile, a set of standard operating procedures had also been formed. Furthermore, the sample preparation process was briefly discussed.

A very fast algorithm for detecting community structures in complex networks

In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed, which uses only local information to analyze community structures in complex networks. The algorithm is based on a table that describes a network and a virtual cache similar to the cache in the computer structure. When being tested on some typical computer-generated and real-world networks, this algorithm demonstrates excellent detection results and very fast processing performance, much faster than the existing comparable algorithms of the same kind.

Detection of pig derivatives in food products for halal authentication by polymerase chain reaction –restriction fragment length polymorphism

AbstractA method for detection of the presence of pig derivatives in three types of food products—sausages and casings, bread and biscuits—using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) analysis of a conserved region in the mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome b (cyt b) gene was developed. Genomic DNA of sausages and casings, bread and biscuits were extracted. The genomic DNA from the food products were found to be of good quality for the sausages and produced clear PCR products on the amplification of the mt cyt b gene of approximately 360 base pairs (bp). However, no genomic DNA was detected from the casing samples and poor quality of genomic DNA was extracted from bread and biscuits. No amplification of mt cyt b gene was produced from bread and biscuit samples. To differentiate between samples, the amplified PCR products were digested with restriction enzyme (RE) BsaJI, resulting in species‐specific RFLP. The cyt b PCR‐RFLP species identification assay gave excellent results for detection of pork adulteration in food products and is a potentially reliable technique to avoid species adulteration or fraudulent species substitution for halal authentication. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry

Novel method for patterned fabric inspection using Bollinger bands

This paper introduces a new application of Bollinger bands for defect detection of patterned fabric. A literature review on previous de- signed methods for patterned fabric defect detection will be depicted. For data analysis, Bollinger bands are calculated based on standard devia- tion and are originally used in the financial market as an oversold or overbought indicator for stock. The Bollinger bands method is an effi- cient, fast and shift-invariant approach, that can segment out the defec- tive regions on the patterned fabric with clear and crystal clean images. The new approach is immune of the alignment problem that often hap- pens in previous methods. In this paper, the upper band and lower band of Bollinger bands, which are sensitive to any subtle change in the input data, have been developed for use to indicate the defective areas in patterned fabric. The number of standard deviation and length of time of Bollinger bands can be easily determined to obtain excellent detection results. The proposed method has been evaluated on three different patterned fabrics. In total, 165 defect-free and 171 defective images have been used in the evaluation, where 98.59% accuracy on inspection has been achieved. © 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation

Optimization of a medium for the rapid urease test for detection of Campylobacter pylori in gastric antral biopsies.

We developed a buffered azide-free urea medium which is sensitive, specific, and nontoxic for rapid detection of Campylobacter pylori in gastric biopsies. Detection of urease produced by the organism provides the basis for the test. The substrate is urea in monobasic sodium phosphate buffer, and phenol red provides indication of the pH change that results from urease activity. A rapid change from yellow to red occurs in the presence of C. pylori, even at low concentrations of the organism. A slower color change occurs with higher concentrations of other urease producers, such as Yersinia enterocolitica and Proteus mirabilis. Experience with 51 patients with our medium showed excellent results in detection of C. pylori in gastric mucosal biopsies. In clinical research and practice, a rapid bedside test will be helpful for rapid diagnosis of C. pylori-positive patients.