Excellent Absorption Properties Research Articles

Resveratrol-Based Carbamates as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Computational Study and Biometal Complexation Capability

Considering our previous experience in the design of new cholinesterase inhibitors, especially resveratrol analogs, in this research, the basic stilbene skeleton was used as a structural unit for new carbamates designed as potentially highly selective butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors with excellent absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity ADMET properties. The inhibitory activity of newly prepared carbamates 1–13 was tested toward the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and BChE. In the tested group of compounds, the leading inhibitors were 1 and 7, which achieved excellent selective inhibitory activity for BChE with IC50 values of 0.12 ± 0.09 μM and 0.38 ± 0.01 μM, respectively. Both were much more active than the standard inhibitor galantamine against BChE. Molecular docking of the most promising inhibitor candidates, compounds 1 and 7, revealed that stabilizing interactions between the active site residues of BChE and the ligands involve π-stacking, alkyl-π interactions, and, when the carbamate orientation allows, H-bond formation. MD analysis confirmed the stability of the obtained complexes. Some bioactive resveratrol-based carbamates displayed complex-forming capabilities with Fe3+ ions as metal centers. Spectrophotometric investigation indicated that they coordinate one or two metal ions, which is in accordance with their chemical structure, offering two binding sites: an amine and a carboxylic group in the carbamate moiety. Based on the obtained in silico, experimental and computational results on biological activity in the present work, new carbamates 1 and 7 represent potential selective BChE inhibitors as new therapeutics for neurological disorders.

Multi-performance sodium alginate-based composite films for sensing and electromagnetic shielding.

As science and technology progress swiftly, the demand for high-performance composite films designed to shield against electromagnetic interference (EMI) and for strain sensing applications has significantly increased, making these films essential components for the future generation of smart wearable electronics. However, designing and developing multifunctional flexible composite films remains a considerable challenge. This study employed vacuum-assisted filtration techniques combined with calcium ion cross-linking to create multifunctional MXene/sodium alginate/liquid metal (MSL) composite films exhibiting exceptional EMI shielding and strain sensing capabilities. The mechanical strength of the MSL composite films was optimized by implementing continuous hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions among MXene, sodium alginate, liquid metal (LM), and calcium ions, resulting in a tensile strength of 71.71 MPa. The composite film exhibits excellent electromagnetic absorption properties, resulting in an exceptional EMI shielding efficacy of 50.61 dB and a specific shielding effectiveness value of 7563 dB·cm2·g-1. This is due to the heterogeneous interface between MXene and LM nanoparticles. Furthermore, the composite film exhibits favorable electrothermal and photothermal conversion capabilities. The film can be a flexible sensor to detect human motion, contingent on the conductive network between MXene and LM. This research illustrates the potential of multifunctional MSL composite films for EMI shielding and human motion monitoring, offering a promising pathway for creating adaptable wearable electronics in challenging electromagnetic conditions.

Dye Molecule-Induced Optoelectronic Synaptic Behaviors of Monolayer MoSe2.

Although MoSe2-based photodetectors have achieved excellent performance, the ultrafast photoresponse has limited their application as an optoelectronic synapse. In this paper, the enhancement of the rhodamine 6G molecule on the memory time of MoSe2 is reported. It is found that the memory time of monolayer MoSe2 can be obviously enhanced after assembly with rhodamine 6G exhibiting synaptic characteristics in comparison to pristine MoSe2. Furthermore, the synaptic functions, including excitatory postsynaptic current, pair-pulse facilitation, short-term memory, long-term memory, "learning-experience" behavior, and tunable learning and forgetting process, can be achieved successfully. The distinctive energy-level structure of R6G and its excellent light absorption properties give MoSe2 access to an additional source of electrons, thus enabling the proposed MoSe2/rhodamine 6G hybrid heterostructure optoelectronic synapse to provide an efficient protocol for realizing optoelectronic neuromorphic computing and enormously facilitate the advancement of neuromorphic electronics.

Rheological Properties of Dense Particle Suspensions of Starches: Shear Thickening, Shear Jamming, and Shock Absorption Properties.

Concentrated suspensions of Brownian and non-Brownian particles display distinctive rheological behavior highly dependent on shear rate and shear stress. Cornstarch suspensions, composed of starch particles from corn plants, served as a model for concentrated non-Brownian suspensions, demonstrating discontinuous shear thickening (DST) and dynamic shear jamming (SJ). However, starch particles from other plant sources have not yet been investigated, despite their different sizes and shapes. This study is focused on the evaluation of the effects of the structural parameters of starch particles by preparing concentrated suspensions of starch particles from 13 different plants at particle fractions of 25-50% and their rheological behavior through steady shear, pull-out, and ball-drop tests. Starch particles can be roughly classified as polygonal and ellipsoidal. The DST and SJ behavior typically reported for concentrated cornstarch suspensions were confirmed for other starch particles in both particle groups. The ball-drop test demonstrated excellent shock absorption properties for 11 concentrated suspensions of starch particles, except for sago palms. In the case of concentrated suspensions of starch particles, the particle fraction and shear applied were the dominant factors that significantly affected the rheological behavior, whereas the particle shape was not a primary contributor. The findings of this study drive further investigation on the effect of liquid and particle surface properties in concentrated particle suspensions on DST and SJ behaviors.

Generation of conventional soliton and 20th harmonic mode-locking in an erbium-doped fiber laser modulated by carbon-quantum-dots saturable absorbers

Taking advantage of both the saturable absorption and high third-order nonlinear properties of the carbon quantum dots (CQDs) saturable absorber (SA), conventional soliton (CS) mode-locking, fundamental mode-locking, and 20th harmonic mode-locking of an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser are achieved. First, CQDs are prepared by solvothermal method. Then, taper-fiber-structured CQDs-SA and sandwich-structured CQDs-SA are fabricated. Investigated by a balanced twin-detector measurement scheme, the SA devices exhibit excellent nonlinear saturable absorption properties (NSAP) at the wavelength of 1.55 µm. Second, mode-locked by the as-prepared taper-fiber-structured CQDs-SA, CS mode-locking with central wavelength and pulse width of 1561.5 nm and 675 fs is achieved. When sandwich-structured CQDs-SA is integrated, a fundamental mode-locking as well as 20th harmonic mode-locking (HML) are realized. The fundamental repetition rate is 4.93 MHz with a pulse duration of 1.18 ps. In the 20th HML operation, the repetition rate is 98.6 MHz and the pulse duration is 1.33 ps. The results provide the first demonstration of the simultaneous applications of both high nonlinear and saturable absorption effects of the CQDs, as well as broaden new avenues and opportunities for extending the methods of realizing ultrafast photonic devices.

Multi functional ionic Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 assisted preparation of perovskite solar cell with over 19% and superior stability

Abstract The global community is striving to advance the development of emerging perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It has been demonstrated that the utilization of passivators is an effective approach to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency and long-term stability of PSCs, thus attracting increasing attention to organic passivators. All-inorganic CsPbI3 PSCs play a crucial role in the next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their unique optical bandgap and excellent light absorption properties. However, due to its poor stability, CsPbI3−x Br x halide hybrid perovskite has been proposed. The spin-coating film formation method leads to the presence of a large number of vacancy defects in the film, which poses a significant challenge to the commercialization of CsPbI3−x Br x perovskite films. Therefore, in this study, a novel passivator, Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 (TRH), was introduced. By introducing the passivator, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of PSCs in air was improved, there by optimizing the device performance. After the addition of the passivator, [Ru(bpy)3]2+ filled the defects on the surface of the film, while the free PF6 - ions passivated the negatively charged halide vacancies. The fluorine atoms effectively prevented the entry of water molecules in the air. As a result, the optimized CsPbI3−x Br x film exhibited a more compact morphology, a lower defect state density, and better carrier transport performance. Eventually, the champion device achieved a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 19.47%, and even after being placed at an ambient temperature of 25 °C–30°C and a humidity of 30%–40% for 150 d, its efficiency remained above 85% of the initial efficiency of the device.

High-performance electromagnetic absorbing Ni/C composites derived from Ni-MOF materials: Effects of organic ligands and pyrolysis temperatures

Magnetic carbon-based materials derived from nickel organic framework (Ni-MOF) are considered to be a kind of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials with great potential and application value. However, the precise design of Ni-MOF-derived magnetic carbon-based materials remains a huge challenge. In the present work, through the modulation of organic ligand and pyrolysis temperature, Ni/C composites with excellent electromagnetic absorption properties are obtained due to their improved multiple loss and optimized impedance matching. Specifically, the organic ligand and pyrolysis temperature affect the degree of graphitization of the carbon frame and the specific surface area of the Ni/C composites, thus changing the conductivity, magnetic properties and electromagnetic parameters. In particular, the sample Ni/C-2-500 using H2BPDC as the organic ligand and calcined at 500 °C gives an RLmin of −50.37 dB and an EAB of 6.0 GHz at a packing rate of 30 wt% and a thickness of 2.5 mm, which covers the entire Ku band. In addition, Ni/C-2-500 exhibits good thermal conductivity. Therefore, this study provides an idea for exploring MOF materials and their derivatives with tunable EMW absorbing properties and heat conduction advantages prepared by different organic ligands.

Magnetic field-assisted construction of ordered ferromagnetic nanowire fibers with enhanced microwave absorption and high stability electromagnetic interference shielding

The use of electromagnetic interference (EMI) fabrics spun with metal fibers is an effective measure for personal protection against high electromagnetic radiation. To address the limitations of traditional metal fiber-coated shielding effectiveness (SE) fabrics, which often underperform, this study proposes the development of ferrimagnetic fiber composites with excellent absorption properties. By employing magnetic field structuring to create an ordered structure, the goal is to produce shielding fabrics with high absorption SE and strong mechanical stability. This paper introduces a magnetic field ink control method to construct an ordered conductive network. The EMI SE of fabrics prepared using the magnetic ink control method reached 40.74 dB, which is higher than that of samples prepared using simpler control methods (34.76 dB). The fabric prepared with this method retains 88 % and 92 % of its original EMI SE after 1000 bending and 500 twisting cycles, respectively, which is significantly better than the performance of samples prepared with simpler control methods (54 % and 48 %). The Specific Absorption Rate (SEA/SE) is 93 %, higher than the 87 % achieved by simpler methods. This work provides a new approach for the development of high-EMI SE fabrics.

A Study on the Radiation Resistance Performance of an Al2O3 Composite Tritium Permeation Barrier and Zirconium-Based Tritium-Absorbing Materials.

The permeation of tritium from secondary neutron source rods in nuclear power plants presents a significant and unavoidable safety concern both for internal equipment and the external environment. This study primarily explores two feasible strategies for tritium permeation barriers: coating stainless steel surfaces with tritium permeation barrier (TPB) materials and utilizing materials with excellent tritium absorption properties. Through external ion irradiation tests, a comparative analysis was conducted on the tritium permeation performance, morphology, and nanohardness changes in two tritium-resistant designs, specifically Cr2O3/Al2O3 composite coatings and a zirconium-based tritium-absorbing material under varying irradiation doses. The results indicate that both approaches exhibit exceptional radiation resistance, maintaining an effective tritium permeation reduction factor (PRF) even after irradiation.

Perylene diimide-based hyper-cross-linked polymers for visible-light-driven selective organic sulfide oxidation

Hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) feature excellent pore structures, ultra-high stability, and ease of preparation, making them promising candidates for visible-light-driven selective organic sulfide oxidation. Developing new HCPs of good performance is of great significance in the endeavor. Perylene diimide (PDI) exhibits excellent visible light absorption properties due to its high planar conjugated structure, showing potential as a monomer for photocatalytic HCP synthesis. In this study, we report the construction of two HCPs, named NUT-18 and NUT-18-Me, employing the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction using PDI derivatives as monomers. Both HCPs possess high specific surface area (reaching up to 811 and 828 m2/g) and photoactivity. Consequently, NUT-18 and NUT-18-Me demonstrated photocatalytic efficiency, with conversion and selectivity exceeding 98 % in the various organic sulfides’ photocatalytic oxidation. Notably, the photocatalytic performance is well-maintained even after 5 cycles, indicating good recyclability. Investigation of the catalytic mechanisms revealed that the selective catalytic oxidation of sulfides is based on the synergistic promotion of dual pathways for electron and energy transfer. This research highlights the potential of PDI molecules in designing and synthesizing porous materials as promising photocatalysts.

Polydopamine-coated hollow carbon nitride as a full-spectral response photocatalyst for efficient H2O2 production via redox dual pathways

Achieving rapid and highly selective photocatalytic production of H2O2 from H2O and O2 over carbon nitride (CN) continues to pose a significant challenge. Here, a polydopamine (PDA) cover-layer modified hollow carbon nitride (HCP) is prepared to address this issue. Incorporating PDA not only introduces active site for O2 reduction, but also optimizes the Gibbs free energy for the formation of *OH intermediate during H2O oxidation. Additionally, the excellent light absorption and electronic mobility properties of PDA also contribute to the optimized features of HCP-24, resulting in a broad response across the spectrum and efficiently facilitates the generation of H2O2 through both O2 reduction and H2O oxidation pathways. Notably, HCP-24 demonstrates a significantly enhanced H2O2 evolution rate, achieving 5.5 times higher production (116.25 μmol g−1 h−1) compared to pristine CN (20.95 μmol g−1 h−1). This research provides valuable insights for the advancement of efficient catalysts for the photocatalytic generation of H2O2.

Highly efficient solar seawater evaporation by aerogel with vertical channels and hierarchical pores structure based on high-absorbent alginate fibers

Utilizing interfacial evaporation under sunlight is an effective way for desalination. Researchers have developed various solar evaporators to replace traditional processes. However, crystalline salt deposition and low evaporation rates have hindered the application of solar evaporators, which remain critical challenges in the field. Inspired by vascular plants, a novel strategy using natural high-absorbent alginate fibers as the aerogel backbone and polypyrrole as the solar absorber was employed to prepare an eco-friendly solar evaporator in this study. The biomimetic evaporator with abundant hydrophilic groups, vertical channels, and hierarchical pores structure inside achieves a maximum evaporation efficiency of 4.27 kg m-2h−1 under one solar intensity radiation, with an energy efficiency of more than 99 %. The nano polymer photo absorbents provide composite aerogels with excellent light absorption and mechanical properties, maintaining their shape and evaporation efficiency even after repeated use dozens of times. Its unique structures reduce water transport resistance radially to provide a fast water transport channel and efficiently desalinate, preventing salt from crystallizing on the evaporator surface. Obtaining a structurally controllable solar-driven evaporator in this way is expected to be used on a large scale for high-efficiency water purification, solving the freshwater resource crisis.

Optimized design of energy absorption of aluminum foam filled CFRP thin-walled square tube based on agent model

PurposeAluminum foam-filled thin-walled unit structures have received much attention for their excellent energy absorption properties. To improve the energy absorption effect of car energy absorption box under axial compression, this paper optimizes the fiber lay-up sequence, fiber angle and aluminum foam density of aluminum foam filled carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) thin-walled square tubes.Design/methodology/approachDesign of sample points required to construct the proxy model using design of experiments (DOE) method, and the data sample points of different models are obtained through Abaqus simulation and test. A double high-precision proxy model with the maximum specific energy absorption (SEA) and the minimum initial peak crash force (PCF) as the evaluation index is constructed based on the response surface function method. The NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the design parameters and obtain the optimal solution for the Pareto front, and the results were verified by using the multi-objective optimization toolbox in design-expert.FindingsThe results show that the optimal solution to the multi-objective optimization problem with the inclusion of the lay-up sequence is ρ = 0.5g/cm3 for a fiber lay-up angle varying in the range ±15–90° and an aluminum foam density varying in the range 0.2g/cm3-0.5g/cm3, with a lay-up method of [±87°/±16°/±15°/±89°]. The two optimization methods correspond to SEA and PCF errors of 2.109% and 4.1828%, respectively. The optimized SEA value is 18.2 J/g and the PCF value is 18,230 N. The optimized design reduces the peak impact force and increases the specific energy absorption, which improves the energy absorption effect of thin-walled energy-absorbing boxes for automobiles.Originality/valueIn this paper, the impact resistance of CFRP thin-walled square tubes filled with aluminum foam is optimized. Based on numerical simulations and experiments to obtain the sample point data for constructing the dual-agent model, we investigate the effect of filling with different densities of aluminum foam under the simultaneous change of fiber lay-up angle and order on its mechanical properties in this process, and carry out the multi-objective optimization design with NSGA-II algorithm.

Performance optimization of hydrogen storage reactors based on PCM coupled with heat transfer fins or metal foams

Metal hydride is a type of solid hydrogen storage material that offers excellent hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction properties. However, there is a strong thermal effect during the reaction process when the materials are applied in reactors. Thus, effective thermal management techniques are crucial for promoting efficient reactions. Prior studies on the subject have shown that phase change materials can be coupled with metal hydride reactors to transfer the reaction heat. To further enhance the transfer of heat and reaction efficiency of the metal hydride reactors based on phase change materials, this study explored heat transfer enhancement methods on the phase change materials side, including adding heat transfer fins and discussing the fin parameters and composite foam metal. The findings of the study showed that in comparison to the reactor without fins, the absorption rate of adding 10 sets of fins can increase by 28%, and as the number of fins increased to 14, this value could increase to 39.4%. The use of Y-shaped fins did not substantially improve the reaction rate, mainly due to the sufficient number of straight fins, and the heat transfer area reaching the limit of the fin enhanced the process of heat transport. Thus, the improved method of using copper foam is further considered. Compared with the reactor with and without fins, the absorption rate of the copper foam coupled reactor is increased by 23.4% and 61.3%, respectively.

Compressive Mechanical Properties and Energy Absorption of Cubic Spherical Hollow Cellular Material Based on the Rod and Curved Surface Structure

Cellular materials, such as lattices and honeycombs, were widely used for structural protection owing to their excellent mechanical properties. By combining the excellent characteristics of lattice and honeycomb curved surface structures, this study designed a cell called Cubic Spherical Hollow (CSH), which had the advantages of orthogonal isotropy and better spatial connectivity. Inspired by the micro-structural arrangement of bamboo fiber and conch shell, we designed the new CSH cellular materials through the interlayer offset strategy. Then, the effects of interlayer offset on the mechanical properties and compression deformation behavior were explored experimentally and simulatively. Compared with other cellular materials, CSH cellular materials exhibited excellent mechanical properties with higher specific strength and specific modulus. The arrangement offsets of the CSH cells between different layers led to a change in the deformation mechanism from a rod’s compressive mode to a combination of a rod’s compressive mode and curved surface’s bending mode. The initial peak stress and plateau stress decreased with the increased arrangement offsets of the CSH since the extruded protrusions of the structure filled the holes and reduced the lateral expansion behavior of the material in the pressurized environment. This phenomenon also reduced the transverse expansion and prevented the sudden change in stress in the constrained space, indicating that the structural deformation was stable and had excellent cushioning and energy absorption properties. In this study, the cellular material design strategy opens a new avenue for energy absorption.

Dynamic compressive behavior of functionally graded triply periodic minimal surface meta-structures

Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structures have gained considerable attention because of their light weight, high strength, and excellent energy absorption capabilities. However, the effect of the amplitude that can control the topological morphology of a TPMS on the dynamic properties of the TPMS structure is not yet fully understood, as previous studies have focused on the relative density and size as well as their quasi-static mechanical properties. In this study, three types of uniform sheet-based TPMS structures with different amplitudes and three types of functionally graded sheet-based TPMS structures were proposed. Experiments and numerical simulations were conducted under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. Six types of TPMS lattice structures made of 316 L stainless steel were manufactured via powder bed fusion. Quasi-static compression tests were performed at a strain rate of 0.001 s⁻¹. The experimental results indicate that increasing the amplitude can increase the elastic modulus, plateau stress, and energy absorption capacity of a structure. Moreover, the functional gradient amplitude structure has a higher energy absorption capacity, and the structures with line and log gradient strategies improved by 17.38 % and 35.43 %, respectively, compared to the uniform structure with an amplitude of 1. Additionally, an idealized rigid-linear plastic hardening (R-LPH) model was proposed to predict the mechanical response of the structures. The finite element method (FEM) was used to construct dynamic compression numerical models, and their validity was verified through split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests at a strain rate of 695 s⁻¹. The mechanical response, deformation modes, and stress enhancement effects of the structures under dynamic compression were systematically studied. The results show that the mechanical performance and energy absorption capacity of the structures under dynamic impact loading increase with increasing strain rate. The critical velocity for the transition from the quasi-static mode to the impact mode increases with amplitude. For strain rates below 6000 s⁻¹, the strain rate effect is the main factor influencing the dynamic stress enhancement. As the strain rate continues to increase, the dynamic stress enhancement results from the combined effects of inertia and strain rate, with inertia effects gradually becoming the dominant factor. This study shows that functional gradient TPMS meta-structures have excellent mechanical and energy absorbing properties under quasi-static compression and dynamic compression, with potential applications in passive safety protection.

Molten-salt-chemistry-assisted synthesis of heterostructured g-C3N4/BiOI nanocomposites with enhanced sunlight absorption properties for efficient solar-to-chemical energy conversion

The g-C3N4 nanosheets coupled BiOI (g-C3N4/BiOI) nanocomposites with unique heterojunction structure and excellent wide-spectrum sunlight absorption properties have been developed via molten-salt-chemistry-assisted strategy. The heterostructured g-C3N4/BiOI shows enhanced solar to the thermal effect, improved electron mobility and carrier lifetime for efficient photocatalytic dye degradation. The engineered g-C3N4/BiOI catalyst exhibits outstanding photocatalytic activity for methyl orange (MO) removal with 100 % degradation conversion and excellent stability under solar light irradiation, which is respectively 2.69 and 1.27 times higher than those of g-C3N4 and BiOI counterparts. The broad scope toward other dyes degraded by g-C3N4/BiOI and the generality of the molten-salt-chemistry-assisted strategy for synthesizing g-C3N4/BiOCl and g-C3N4/BiOBr with considerable photodegradation efficiency are proved. The analysis of kinetic behaviors, electron spin resonance, and nanosecond transient absorption spectra for structure-activity relationship, key intermediate of •O2− species, and excited state lifetime of g-C3N4/BiOI heterojunction material in the photocatalytic MO degradation processes are also demonstrated.

Prediction of a novel two-dimensional superatomic Cd6S2 monolayer for photocatalytic water splitting.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides possess a significant specific surface area, adjustable bandgaps, and excellent optical absorption properties, rendering them highly conducive to photocatalytic applications. Herein, a MoS2-like 2D superatomic Cd6S2 monolayer is predicted, wherein the octahedral Cd6 superatom unit connects with S atoms via six vertices. Chemical bonding analysis reveals that the remarkable dynamic, thermal, and mechanical stability of the Cd6S2 monolayer results from the covalent Cd-S bonds and the 6-center 8-electron (6c-8e) delocalized bond within the Cd6 core, which ensures the chemical octet rule for both the S atom and the Cd6 superatom. Demonstrating notable optical absorption coefficients and a strain-tuned energy band structure, the Cd6S2 monolayer emerges as a viable candidate for catalyzing the solar-powered splitting of water. This work offers an alternative avenue to modify or improve the properties of 2D materials for photocatalytic applications through superatomic assembly.

The use of 1D carbon nanotube interacting with caffeine molecules for applications in solar cells: structure optimisation, Raman analysis and optoelectronic properties

This study proposes a promising candidate for organic solar cells through the creation of a novel nano-hybrid system composed of caffeine molecules encapsulated within a semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube known as NT14 (14,0). The stability and optoelectronic properties of this hybrid system, designated as CA@NT14, were thoroughly investigated. We determined the optimal diameter for the NT14 nanotube using molecular mechanics, Density Functional Theory, spectral moment’s method, and bond polarizability model, finding it to be approximately 1.18 nm. The encapsulation’s impact on the Raman-active modes, specifically the radial breathing mode and tangential mode, was analyzed through Raman spectra calculations, revealing structural stability and charge transfer from CA to NT14. Notably, the NT14’s Fermi level position increased upon encapsulation, indicating charge transfer and a type-II band alignment. The study further examined the bandgap characteristics of the hybrid system, finding that the encapsulation of CA within semiconducting NT14 nanotubes minimally impacts the nanotube’s bandgap, thus retaining its excellent visible light absorption properties. Conversely, encapsulating CA within metallic nanotubes significantly reduces their bandgap, limiting their light absorption range. The nonresonant Raman responses of NT14 pre- and post-encapsulation corroborated the charge transfer between CA and NT14. Future research will focus on computing the electronic transport characteristics, transmission spectra, I-V characteristics, and yield of CA@NT14 using DFT and Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function ( formalism. An experimental study will be conducted to validate these theoretical findings. These results indicate the potential of CA@NT14 hybrids as effective active layers in organic solar cells, highlighting their significance in advancing optoelectronic applications.

Advanced superhydrophobic polylactic acid fibers with high porosity and biodegradability for efficient solvent recovery

The conventional oil-absorbing materials utilized for addressing oil and organic solvent pollution are plagued by the issue of secondary pollution. In this study, biodegradable porous polylactic acid (PLA) fiber materials were prepared using centrifugal spinning technology, with PLA and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as raw materials. PVB was utilized as a pore-forming agent to fabricate multi-layered porous PLA fiber materials. When the content of PVB in the spinning solution was 14 %, the porous PLA fibers exhibited the maximum specific surface area of 60.7 m2/g and a porosity of up to 85.4 %, interior of the fiber contained numerous mesopores. Additionally, the porous PLA fibers demonstrated excellent superhydrophobic oil absorption properties, with a water static contact angle of 137.8° and oil or organic solvent absorption capacities ranging from 10 to 17.7 g/g. Furthermore, porous PLA fiber materials exhibited outstanding biodegradability, with a degradation mass loss rate of 42.3–45.1 %. Therefore, superhydrophobic and oleophilic biomass-based PLA fiber materials prepared in centrifugal spinning show promising applications in the recovery of organic solvents and oily substances.