Microsoft Excel Research Articles

Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis: Mendelian randomization combined with bibliometric analysis

BackgroundPrevious observational studies have reported an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and osteoporosis (OP). The aim of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between COPD and OP by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The current status of cross-sectional research between COPD and OP in the past decade was explored through bibliometrics.MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been found to be strongly associated with COPD were used as instrumental variables (IVs) in MR Analysis. The primary outcome of the study was BMD measurement at five specific anatomical sites, namely the whole body, femoral neck, lumbar spine, forearm, and heel. These BMD measurements were derived primarily from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and summary statistics from the International Genetic Factors Consortium for Osteoporosis (GEFOS). The main analysis method was inverse variance weighting (IVW). Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness and reliability of the current MR Results. Further confirmatory MR Analysis between COPD and OP was applied. In bibliometrics. Publications were extracted from the Web of Science core collection publications related to osteoporosis and sarcopenia published between January 2014 and October 2024; Bibliometrics and visualization were performed by Microsoft Office Excel, Citespace, and R (Bibliometrix).ResultsThe MR Findings suggest that there is no causal relationship between COPD and BMD at five specific anatomical sites. The results of the primary IVW MR Analysis were generally supported by our sensitivity MR Analysis. We performed MR Analysis for the validation of COPD and OP (IVW OR: 1.019; 95%CI: 0.898–1.564; p = 0.768) also did not support a causal relationship between COPD and BMD. A total of 471 articles written by 1119 organizations from 42 countries/regions by 3331 authors and published in 238 journals were identified in the bibliometric analysis. China is the leading country in terms of the number of publications. China Medical University contributed the most publications. The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has the highest publication in this field.ConclusionsIn conclusion, This MR Study found no causal relationship between COPD and OP, suggesting that the observed associations may be due to common genetic effects or environmental confounders. The global research trends in this field in the past decade were summarized through bibliometric analysis, and care became the focus of future research on the relationship between copd and OP.

Nonpharmacological Management of Dental Anxiety in the General Population and Individuals With Learning Disabilities: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Dental anxiety (DA) is reported among the general population, including individuals with learning disabilities (LDs). In many studies, nonpharmacological interventions have been applied to significantly improve DA among patients. This study aimed to examine publication trends and patterns in both populations to identify the current research trends and literature gaps. A descriptive analysis of bibliographic data and network visualization were conducted using Microsoft Excel and VosViewer, focusing on literature published in the Scopus database between 1994 and 2023 and using "title" as the search field. For the study period, the following were identified: 1429 authors, 5858 total citations, and an h-index of 36. From a total of 2058 publications discovered, 363 publications were included in the study. Of these, only 11 articles addressed nonpharmacological management for people with LDs. In terms of the research country, the United Kingdom was the leading contributor, with 56 publications. Ad de Jongh was the most productive author, with 13 publications and 447 citations. The most highly cited paper was Lehrner etal. (2005), with 312 citations. This study determined the number of publications related to nonpharmacological management of DA over three decades. The number of studies involving people with LDs was lower than that involving the general population, suggesting future research should occur in this area.

Questionnaire format of modified frailty index as a predictor for 30-day readmission and length of stay in elderly patients undergoing multi-level lumbar interbody fusion.

Frailty is a spectrum describing a demographic more likely to experience adverse events such as falls, disability, and hospital admission which can be quantified by the modified frailty index (mFI). Several studies have associated increased mFI score with higher rates of hospital readmission and length of stay (LOS). This study tests the predictive value of a frailty questionnaire based on the mFI on LOS and 30-day readmission rates. This retrospective chart review included all patients aged 60 or older who underwent multi-level LIF by 13 surgeons at a single institution. Patients were classified as frail (mFI>1) or non-frail (mFI≤1). Statistical analysis was performed on Microsoft Excel and included t-testing, linear correlations, and analysis of variance. A total of 213 patients were included in the study with an average frailty score of 2.26. Frail patients had significantly increased LOS (P<0.001) with no significant difference between vertebral levels (P=0.27). Linear correlations between frailty score and LOS or readmission rate were positive in all cases with variable strength dependent on number of levels fused. Conclusions The frailty questionnaire is an effective method of predicting LOS and risk of 30-day post-operative readmission in elderly patients undergoing multi-level LIF. The questionnaire format will allow for increased ease of obtaining frailty scores, so that improved pre-operative decision-making can be made among clinicians and patients alike. Future studies may be performed to identify the best method of interpreting frailty scores and may be expanded to a multi-institutional level.

Comparison of Hyperbaric 0.5% Levobupivacaine and Hyperbaric 0.75% Ropivacaine for Intrathecal Use in Infraumbilical Surgeries: A Randomised Clinical Study

Introduction: Ropivacaine is a long-acting amide local anaesthetic agent and the pure S (-) enantiomer of propivacaine. It has been readily available as an isobaric solution for a long time. Recently, a hyperbaric solution has become available in the Indian market. Levobupivacaine is the pure S-enantiomer of bupivacaine, which is safer than racemic bupivacaine in regional anaesthesia. It has less affinity and strength of depressant effects on myocardial and Central Nervous System (CNS) vital centers in pharmacodynamic studies, along with a superior pharmacokinetic profile. Aim: To compare the sensory and motor blockade, time of twosegment regression, time for rescue analgesia, haemodynamic effects and sedative effects between hyperbaric 0.5% levobupivacaine and hyperbaric 0.75% ropivacaine. Materials and Methods: This prospective, double-blinded and randomised clinical study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Shrimati Bhikhiben Kanjibhai Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre (a tertiary care institute), Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, from September 2023 to July 2024, with a sample size of 40 patients. Patients with American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I/II status were randomly allocated into two equal groups of 20 each. Group-R received 0.75% hyperbaric ropivacaine 3.5 mL+0.1 mL normal saline (total 3.6 mL) and Group-L received 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine 3.5 mL+0.1 mL normal saline (total 3.6 mL). Data were recorded using MS Excel and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0) software. The Student’s t-test was used for data comparison regarding the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, time of two-segment regression, time for rescue analgesia, haemodynamic stability and sedative effects between the study groups. Results: The mean age for Group-R was 45.00±7.1 years and Group-L 51.95±8.03 years. onset of sensory blockade at the T10 level and the onset of motor blockade in Group-R were slower than in Group-L (p-value &lt;0.05). The time to two-segment regression was significantly faster in Group-R than in Group-L (p-value &lt;0.05). The duration of sensory and motor blockade, as well as the time for rescue analgesia, was significantly prolonged in Group-L compared to Group-R (p-value &lt;0.05). The sedative effects, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) and respiratory rate were comparable in both groups. Intraoperatively, haemodynamics were more stable in Group-R compared to Group-L. Conclusion: The present study implies that in haemodynamically unstable patients, 0.75% hyperbaric ropivacaine can provide a less complicated neuraxial blockade. In contrast, levobupivacaine offers a superior effect in terms of the duration of blockade and analgesia. This makes levobupivacaine useful for longer-duration surgeries, while ropivacaine is more suitable for shorter-duration procedures.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from dairy cattle milk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have been detected in dairy cattle milk, raising concerns about public health risks. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk through a systematic review and meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Retrieved articles from four databases were initially screened based on predefined inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis included 49 studies (2011-2024), covering 28,134 milk samples and 3462 Enterobacteriaceae isolates globally. Data from the full text were extracted to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analysed using the 'meta' R package in R v.4.3.0 software for pooled prevalence and subgroup meta-analysis with a random-effects for logit transformation. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic (χ2), p-value and I2 statistic. Publication bias and sensitivity were evaluated using Egger's test, funnel plot, trim and fill plot, and leave-one-out test. Globally, the prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk was 0.73% (95% CI, 0.37-1.41). Subgroup meta-analysis based on continent, sample type, Enterobacteriaceae species, diagnostic method, antibiotic type, and interpretation guideline revealed no significant differences among the criteria within the subgroup. Although the overall pooled prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk is relatively low, it raises public health concern regarding raw milk consumption. This emphasizes the need for regular monitoring with in a One Health framework for CRE in the dairy industry to anticipate potential transmission between humans, animals, and the environment.

Monitoring of Traffic Flow Parameters Using Geospatial Technology for Effective Traffic Management around Maiduguri Central Business District

Abstract: The ever-increasing traffic flow has become one of the most critical challenges faced by municipalities and governments worldwide. This paper intends to ascertain the traffic flow parameters using geospatial technology for effective traffic management around the Central Business District (CBD) in Maiduguri to provide solutions to the menace of traffic congestion. Data were obtained from primary and secondary sources. The primary data were obtained from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Global Positioning System (GPS). UAVs were utilized to record (videography) the traffic flow of the chosen traffic corridors during the peak hours (morning, 7:00 to 9:00 am and evening, 4:00 to 6:00 pm). The classification of the vehicles and conversion to a common standard format was done in Microsoft Excel before being carried forward for GIS Operations in ArcGIS 10.7 Environment to achieve geospatial spatial analysis and mapping of the field data. The results show that Tricycles dominated the traffic during the peak periods, followed by Cars. This indicates that the Tricycle has been the overriding and preferred means of public transport in Maiduguri since 2009 after the ban placed on motorcycles. The also reveals that no matter the direction of movement in all the approach arms, Tricycles override all other means of transportation. The results also show that all the Trio Intersections were observed to have high traffic volume on all their trajectory arms, with only the Tabacco intersection having medium traffic volume during the morning peak period. Given the above findings, the study recommended that the Government to consider the construction of a flyover, particularly at the post office intersection.

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Cyber Crimes Between 2000-2023

The increasing use of internet-based technologies and computer networks, which grow and develop daily, has brought problems. A new type of crime called cybercrime has emerged and is committed through computers. There are various research and studies on cyber crimes. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of studies on the keywords "Cyber Crimes", "Internet Crimes" and "Computer Crimes" indexed in Web of Science between 2000 and 2023. This study aims to reveal the scientific map of research and studies on cybercrimes, make sense of the data, understand the current situation, trends, and relationships in this field, and create a resource for future cybercrime studies. Bibliometric analyzes were performed using Bibliometrix and Microsoft Excel programs. A total of 2566 studies by 5590 different authors were determined to be used in the research. Jaishankar, K. was the most prolific writer with 21 articles. University College Dublin was the university with the most publications, with 56 articles. IEEE Access became the most-published journal with 151 articles. The most cited work is Stuxnet and the Future of Cyber Wars by Farwell, JP, and Rohozinski, R. Bibliometric analysis results such as most used keywords, including the most influential and productive countries, authors, universities and journals in the field of cybercrime are included. In studies on cybercrime, the relationships and collaborations between countries and authors are presented with visuals.

Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Clinical Studies Leveraging Natural Language Processing During 2000 - 2023

The number of clinical studies using natural language processing is quite large. Therefore, it is important to examine in depth the development of clinical studies using Natural Language Processing over the years. However, there are a limited number of studies in the literature examining the research status of this field. The article presents a bibliometric analysis of studies on the keywords "clinical AND studies AND natural AND language AND processing" indexed in Scopus between 2000 and 2023. This study aims to evaluate academic outputs in the relevant field quantitatively, make sense of the data, reveal the state of scientific knowledge in the field, and give scientists a general perspective on the subject. Bibliometrix and Microsoft Excel programs were used for bibliometric analysis. Nineteen thousand two hundred seventy-three different authors identified a total of 4535 studies. 77.5% of these studies were research articles (3516), 14.8% were conference papers (669), 6.8% were reviews (307), and 0.9% were book chapters (43). Journal of Biomedical Informatics was the journal in which the most studies were published, with 226 articles. Only the United States (2637) contributed 58.1% to the studies. Liu, H. was the most prolific author, with 85 articles. Harvard Medical School was the most productive institution, with 304 studies. The most cited article was Discontinuation of Statins in Routine Care Settings, A cohort study.

Occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) represents approximately 5–10% of all diabetes cases. Over time, nearly all individuals with T1DM are likely to experience diabetic retinopathy (DR). Within this group, the incidence of retinopathy is around 25% after 5 years of diagnosis, increasing to 60% after 10 years and reaching approximately 80% after 15 years. (1) To study the occurrence of DR in T1DM affected children and adolescents. (2) To study the relation of occurrence of DR with glycaemic control. (3) To study the relation between the duration of Type-1 diabetes and the occurrence of DR. Material and Methods: Following approval from the institutional ethics committee and informed consent from the parents of participating subjects, a prospective observational study was conducted involving 54 paediatric patients with T1DM from the outpatient and inpatient departments. A comprehensive history was documented for each participant, and screening for DR was performed using direct ophthalmoscopy. Glycaemic control was assessed by measuring glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, with findings recorded in a structured pro forma. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 25.0, with both qualitative and quantitative analyses conducted. A P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study analysed 54 children with type 1 diabetes, equally divided by gender, with a mean age of 12.72 years. The onset age was most common between 6–10 and 11–15 years, averaging 8.87 years. Most children (79.6%) had diabetes for 1–5 years, with a mean duration of 3.85 years. HbA1c levels were ≥8.5% in 83.3% of the children, averaging 10.6%. No children exhibited symptoms of DR, though 3.7% had DR. Significant associations were found between higher HbA1c levels, longer diabetes duration and the presence of DR (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrates a relatively low incidence of DR among children with diabetes. It underscores the significance of diabetes duration and HbA1c levels as contributing factors in Indian paediatric patients. Optimal glycaemic control is highlighted as crucial in mitigating the onset and progression of DR in young diabetics.

Global research trends in music therapy for surgery: a bibliometric analysis (2009–2023)

Music therapy, known for its profound impact on human emotions and physiology, has gained increasing attention for its applications in medical settings, particularly in surgery. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications on the application of music therapy in surgery from 2009 to 2023, utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) as the primary database. A total of 479 publications were analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Microsoft Excel, and online bibliometric tools. Findings indicate a steady increase in annual publications since 2009, peaking in 2021. The USA leads global research efforts with 31.7% of publications, followed by China (17.7%) and Italy (10%). Harvard University was identified as the top contributing institution, while the Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing was the primary publishing journal, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was the highest co-cited journal. Cao Hua contributed the most publications, and Nilsson U was identified as the most co-cited author (n = 131). Keyword analysis highlighted anxiety, therapy, music therapy, and pain as primary research trends. This study provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of music therapy research in surgical contexts. Future efforts should focus on expanding interdisciplinary collaborations, exploring advanced technologies for personalized interventions, and investigating optimal implementation strategies to enhance the integration of music therapy into surgical practice.

Trends and Patterns of Road Traffic Accidents in Maharashtra: A Comparative Examination of NCRB and MEMS Databases

Abstract Background: The emergence of high incidence of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) has contributed to the burden of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) both in terms of mortality and morbidity. It is very important to have a structured and accurate database for strategizing road safety and associated public health benefits. There are multiple sources of data available for the research of road traffic accidents and road safety. It is utmost necessary to identify the most appropriate data source for RTA research. Materials and Methods: The current study is based on five years’ time series data (2017 to 2021) from two data sources namely National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) and Maharashtra Emergency Medical Services (MEMS). Injury rate and death rate was used along with the trend analysis to define the trend of RTA. Corelation coefficient was used for establishing the patterns of reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra. The data is analysed by using MS Excel and SPSS16.0. Results: Both the databases exhibit a declining trend in the reporting of RTA in the state of Maharashtra with a CAGR of -1.99% in NCRB and -13.77% in MEMS. Although the number of incidents reported in NCRB is around 40% less than MEMS, both the sources have almost the same number of victims per accident (r= 84%). Injury rate reported in NCRB is around 40% less than the MEMS data and the variation in injury rate in cities is high as per NCRB data than in MEMS data. MEMS data provides a number of information including the severity of injury which may be useful for the analysis and insight generation. Conclusion: Both the databases are important in providing crucial information for generating insight and strategies for road safety. A central database in combining both the database would be ideal for the researchers in the areas of injury and road safety. MEMS was the better source in terms of amount of information for epidemiological research in road safety.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Infertility among Married Couples of Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum District

Abstract Background: Infertility is a serious health issue worldwide, and it has been a neglected area among studies related to maternal and child health. There is a need for evidence-based knowledge regarding the prevalence of infertility and its determinants. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infertility and its associated factors among married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum district. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1270 married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath, selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested predesigned semi-structured questionnaire, entered into MS Excel, and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used as tests of significance. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find independent predictors of infertility. P value &lt; 0.05 was considered as statistical significance. Results: Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12%, and among them, majority (65.8%) had primary infertility. The factors found to be significantly associated with infertility are occupation of females, age at time of menarche, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, fibroid uterus, hypothyroidism, and BMI. In multivariate analysis, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility. Conclusion: Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12% in this study, which is almost similar to our state’s average (10.5%) according to DLHS-3. Dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility. The preventive and intervention activities addressing infertility should give more priority to these predictors.

Utility of minimally invasive percutaneous arthrodesis of the sacroiliac joint for the treatment of low back pain: systematic review of the literature.

The surprising increase observed in recent years in the use of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint arthrodesis techniques as a treatment for low back pain justifies an objective review of this results. carry out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the clinical results of patients with low back pain treated with percutaneous arthrodesis of the SIJ. Systematic review. Systematic search of the medical literature. The words used in the Search were: "Hollow screw system", "percutaneous sacroiliac joint stabilization", "sacroiliac joint", "minimally invasive", "sacroiliac pain", "sacroiliac dysfunction". With logical connectors such as "and", "not" and "or". Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid, EBSCO host and google scholar. The search extended from the beginning of the databases until September 2024. The "Rayyan" program was used to collect the information and facilitate the analysis process. Systematic review from the literature, clinical trials, observational studies and case series. They followed PRISMA principles. 661 articles were found, of which 108 articles were duplicates. The criteria (Inclusion/Exclusion) were applied to the 553 articles identified based on the independent reading of the summaries by each of the authors on the Rayyan platform and 434 articles were excluded. The 119 selected articles were completely reviewed to finally obtain 102 articles included in the review. Epidemiological data were extracted into an Excel table, methodological and related to clinical results and safety of procedures made. The Prisma checklist for systematic reviews was applied in each article. The epidemiological quality of the articles was evaluated based on the checklists STROBE and CONSORT. The results regarding clinical improvement were overwhelming. However, most of the studies were sponsored by industry and with a limited population and follow-up not always prolonged. Although the clinical results regarding the effectiveness of SIJ fusion are forceful for their effectiveness, we recommend considering some aspects for their analysis and especially long-term studies.

Double burden of malnutrition among households in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionThe double burden of malnutrition (DBM) at the household level has increased in sub-Saharan African countries as a result of rapid changes in global food systems and growing urbanization. The presence of overweight or obese mothers with undernourished (stunted, wasted, or underweight) children within the same household holds particular significance. However, no comprehensive study or meta-analysis has been conducted to summarize the national evidence of the double burden of malnutrition in mother–child pairs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition at the household level in Ethiopia in 2024.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition and associated factors among households in Ethiopia, using an advanced search of electronic databases and search engines. The standardized Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method was used to extract data from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and evaluate the quality of each article. The analysis was performed using STATA V.17. A random-effects model was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and Q tests.ResultsA total of seven publications met the inclusion criteria, including data from 56,877 and 43,770 mother–child pairs for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The pooled prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition among the mother–child pairs was 8.30% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51, 15.09). The heterogeneity test revealed extremely high heterogeneity (I2 = 99.91%; p = 0.00). In the subgroup analysis based on sample size, the pooled estimated prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition was high for a sample size of fewer than 1,000 mother–child pairs (11.69% (95% CI: 3.11, 20.28)). The pooled estimate from the subgroup analysis of the data collected 8 years ago was 8.61% (95% CI: 1.11, 22.33). Residence, household size, housing quality, wealth index, household food security status, mother’s age and educational status, and child’s age are some of the factors that influence the double burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs.ConclusionIn Ethiopia, the double burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs is rapidly emerging. As a result, double-duty interventions should be implemented to address this issue, taking into account multiple factors at the household level.Systematic review registrationThe protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis was registered under the registration ID CRD42024517778 with the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis).

Development and Validation of Polygon Puzzlers: An Adaptive Learning Webpage Intervention to Solve Problems Involving Sides and Angles of a Polygon

Geometry is a fundamental branch of mathematics essential for developing students' spatial reasoning, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking skills. This study aimed to develop an adaptive learning webpage entitled “Polygon Puzzlers” to assist Grade 7 students with the least learned competencies in Mathematics, specifically in “solving problems involving sides and angles of a polygon” (M7GE-IIIg-1). The study employed a developmental descriptive research design. A panel of three (3) expert validators was selected using a sampling technique. To gather the necessary data, the evaluators used a four-point rating scale and a standardized Experts Evaluation Checklist provided by the Department of Education (DepEd). Descriptive statistics, including frequency count, percentage, and mean, were computed using Microsoft Excel to analyze the data. The validators rated the learning material as “passed” for meeting the standards set by the DepEd in terms of content quality, instructional quality, technical quality, and other criteria. They also recommended the material for possible use in public schools, provided that the corrections and revisions suggested in their report were addressed. Based on these findings, the developed and validated adaptive learning webpage offers personalized learning experiences tailored to students' individual needs and learning pace. It promotes active engagement with the content, reinforcing key concepts while fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Evaluasi Metode Deteksi Financial Distress pada Perusahaan LQ45

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of three financial distress prediction models (Springate, Zmijewski, Grover) on LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2023 period. The focus is to assess the models' effectiveness in addressing contemporary financial challenges such as debt restructuring and financial distress indicators amidst dynamic global economic conditions.Design/method/approach: This quantitative research utilizes secondary data from 37 LQ45 companies selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 148 financial statements for the 2020–2023 observation period. The analysis employs financial ratios and prediction scores from each model using Microsoft Excel for computation.Results/findings: The Grover model demonstrates the highest accuracy rate (95%) with a type error of 6%, outperforming Zmijewski (accuracy 89%, type error 11%) and Springate (accuracy 59%, type error 41%). This suggests that the Grover model is superior in detecting financial distress.Theoretical contribution: This study identifies the Grover model as the most accurate method for predicting financial distress in Indonesia. It contributes to the development of more relevant financial distress prediction models for the capital market.Practical contribution: The findings provide critical insights for shareholders and stakeholders to detect financial risks in LQ45 companies.Limitations: The study is limited by its reliance on classical prediction models, focus on LQ45 companies, and analysis restricted to the 2020–2023 period. Modern approaches like machine learning, which could enhance prediction accuracy, are not explored.Type: empirical, review (conceptual and viewpoints).

Measuring the Green Advertising Effectiveness of Cosmetic Products Using the AISAS Model

This study is motivated by the increasing public awareness of environmental issues that encourage companies to adopt green marketing, including through green advertising strategies. This study aims to measure and explain the effectiveness of green advertising on The Body Shop cosmetic products using the Attention, Interest, Search, Action, Share (AISAS) model. In addition, the AISAS model was chosen because it is relevant in mapping consumer behavior in the digital era, which includes attention, interest, information search, purchasing actions, and sharing experiences. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach, with a survey method through a questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents. The sampling technique uses a non-probability method with a purposive sampling type. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27 and MS Excel software. The results show that green advertising of The Body Shop cosmetic products is considered effective in influencing consumers with an overall average score of 4.02, which is in the "Effective" category. This advertisement succeeded in attracting attention, building interest, encouraging information searches, influencing purchasing actions, and encouraging consumers to share information. These findings provide theoretical contributions to the green marketing literature and practical contributions to the development of more effective green advertising strategies.

LULC Impacts on NDVI and LST: A Case Study on Jashore District, Bangladesh

Studies on land use and land cover (LULC) changes and subsequent effects on environment are not satisfactory in Bangladesh because of the lack of geospatial data and time-series information. By using the open-source Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 imagery data coupled with GIS technology and other ancillary data, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamic changes in LULC in Jashore district of Bangladesh over a 20-year period between 2002 and 2022. Including pre-classification and post-classification identification scenarios, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis was employed to examine the vegetation changes over the period. ArcGIS 10.8 software was employed for analyzing satellite images, and maximum likelihood classification was utilized to create supervised land cover category (water bodies, vegetation, built-up area, and bare soil). Microsoft Excel was used for data analysis and visualization. The findings of this present study indicate notable changes with an increase of 20.77% in urban areas and 14.53% in bare soil. Additionally, there has been a decline of 2.93% in water bodies and 32.37% in vegetation land cover including both natural and anthropogenically modified vegetation such as forests, croplands, grasslands and others. Accuracy evaluations on the land use classification's trustworthiness include Kappa statistics of 0.80 for the year 2022 and 0.65 for the year 2002. A decrease in land surface temperature (LST) in Jashore district over 20 years from 2002 to 2022 has been reported in this study. Although the proportion of vegetation cover has been reduced in 2022, we found a negative correlation between LST and NDVI. Along with LULC, the LST is influenced by many atmospheric and ecological parameters. NDVI is dependent on vegetation canopy type, color and density, which could affect the relationship with LST. The findings of this study provide insightful information to ecologists, environmentalists, urban planners, and lawmakers for developing sustainable land management plans and environmental conservation initiatives.

P-2367. Qualitative Analysis of Barriers to Outpatient Antiviral Treatment for COVID-19 and Influenza Patients Observed by Infectious Disease Specialists in North America, 2024

Abstract Background Antiviral medications for COVID-19 and influenza can mitigate disease severity in high-risk outpatients if taken early in the course of illness yet are underutilized. We sought to understand barriers to providers prescribing these medications. Table Thematic summary from infectious disease specialists outlining barriers to outpatient antiviral treatment for COVID-19 and influenza patients, United States, 2024 Methods We conducted an on-line survey regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices of prescribing antiviral treatment for outpatients with COVID-19 and influenza. Respondents were asked about perceived barriers among providers treating COVID-19 and influenza outpatients in their institutions. Questions were structured using a Likert scale and were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach in Microsoft Excel. Results Of 1,898 infectious disease specialists across the United States and Canada who received the survey between 1/10/24 to 2/5/24, 565 (30%) responded, of whom 93% were infectious disease physicians and 7% were healthcare professionals. Surveyed physicians worked in university (45%), non-university teaching (24%), community (20%), city/county (4%), outpatient (0.4%), and veteran affairs hospital settings (6%) and 144 (25%) provided free text responses. The primary barrier to prescribing antivirals was provider skepticism (47%), due to patient symptoms deemed too mild for treatment and needing more evidence about effectiveness. This was followed by perceptions of limited accessibility (31%) related to high cost, limited hospital access, and difficulty administering some medications. Pharmacologic limitations (18%) were concerns about drug interactions, side effects, and incomplete medical history. Other barriers were timeliness of treatment within a short therapeutic window (15%) and patient skepticism (13%). Additional free text responses described successful hospital protocols and suggestions for encouraging antiviral prescribing. Conclusion These themes demonstrate a need for better education of providers about antiviral risks and benefits as well as improved access and coverage of life-saving medications. Infectious disease specialists provided useful insights which can help to shape clinical recommendations, future research for antiviral therapeutics, and public health messaging for improved patient care. Disclosures Philip M. Polgreen, MD, Eli Lily: Advisor/Consultant|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support

P-2148. Prospective Study on Microbiological Profile of Fungal Isolates and its Antibiogram in a Tertiary care hospital in South India

Abstract Background Fungal infections are increasingly recognized as significant causes of morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Despite their importance, there is limited data on the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of fungal isolates in South India. This prospective study aims to fill this gap by characterizing fungal isolates and determining their antibiograms in a tertiary care hospital, providing crucial insights for clinical management and infection control strategies. Methods A Prospective Observational Study was done under the guidance of an Infectious diseases Specialist by collecting the culture positive fungal isolates from the Microbiology department for the 1 year duration of April 2023 to March 2024. Data including patient age, gender, specimen, type of fungus isolated, its sensitivity pattern, average time required for identification of the species and requirement of ICU admission were analyzed. The three classes of antifungals including polyenes, azoles and echinocandins were included. Data was entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel. Results A total of n=62 fungal isolates were isolated. The average age of the patients was 49 years with a higher prevalence in male (n=42) compared to females (n=20). Fungal species have been isolated more commonly from blood samples followed by urine samples, tissues, body fluids. In all the cases tested, Azoles, Polyenes and Echinocandins were susceptible in 57%, 76% and 80% of the cases respectively. Average time taken for identification of the subspecies was 124 hrs (∼ 5 days). Candida auris was the most common isolate found, which developed complete resistance to azoles, partially to polyenes, while echinocandin has been found to be a reliable drug of choice. The spectrum and efficacy of Echinocandins were higher compared to azoles and polyenes. Conclusion Candida auris was found as the most resistant species and echinocandins have been found as a reliable drug of choice compared to Azoles and Polyenes antifungals. This study highlights the need for rapid diagnostic procedures for rapid identification of the species grown in the culture, thereby enabling rational antifungal therapy. As long as the reporting time delays, initiation of right antifungal therapy also delays. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures