Examples Of Qualitative Research Research Articles

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Learnings from Employing IPA as a Qualitative Methodology in Educational Research

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is an established qualitative methodology widely adopted within health-based research. However, one gap in the literature is that little has been written about IPA’s employability within educationally situated research. Our paper aims to demonstrate that IPA is a suitable methodology for education research. This paper has two parts. In the first part, the authors utilise the method of exegesis and theoretical analysis to explicate and provide clarity concerning the often-misunderstood philosophical and theoretical background of IPA. In the second part, we advocate for IPA as a suitable option for qualitative research in educational contexts. To execute this advocacy, the authors present a specific example of qualitative research that successfully employed IPA as its methodological approach and system for analysis. We present the details of a research project that utilised IPA to explore spirituality in early childhood education contexts, and in doing so the authors illustrate how the theories and methods of IPA can be actualised, thus introducing IPA into education contexts in a coherent fashion. The overall aim of the paper is to affirm IPA as a viable qualitative approach for education researchers.

Introduction of Al-Washliyah as Moral Strengthening in Early Childhood at Ra Al-Washliyah Indonesia

Al-Washliyah is an Islamic organization that pays great attention to education. The Al-Washliyah educational institution prioritizes spiritual values in the learning process so as to answer the community’s need for religious education and moral strengthening. This study illustrates how introducing al-Washliyah in early childhood can strengthen morality or add a new understanding that confuses children. Methodologically, this paper is an example of qualitative research. The results of this study show that introducing Al-Washliyah in early childhood at Raudatul Athfal [RA; Islamic kindergarten] Al-Washliyah was achieved by maximizing the quality of the educator, the infrastructure, and by formulating clear, measurable goals. With clear and measurable goals, such as reciting sholawat and dhikr and memorizing prayers, Al-Washliyah materials are integrated with developmental aspects that can strengthen children's morality. The form of simple and fun activities can strengthen children’s morality, though there are obstacles in introducing Al-Washliyah materials, such as differences in student characteristics, the educational environment, religious understanding, and the teacher’s creativity in using Al-Washliyah materials in early childhood.

Analisis Penataan Self-Portrait Berbasis Seni

The aim of this study is to describe the development of an innovative art-based analytical method in portrait methodology. This article exemplifies how forms of multimodal analysis can be integrated into portraiture frameworks and provides a fluid qualitative "recipe" for researchers interested in applying the portrait method. The study described in this article examines the teaching of vulnerability and resilience using poetry and the visual arts as integral elements of the portraiture process. Portraiture is a qualitative, feminist, artistic method based on ethnography and phenomenology for depicting, understanding and interpreting complex human experiences. This study leads to the methodological development of the three steps of analysis in the portrait process: Sketch, poetic expression and artistic expression. This phase of data analysis emphasizes the richness of the methodological snapshot and focuses on engaging the researcher in creative, intuitive and associative processes. – The studies presented in this article are examples of qualitative research that pushes methodological boundaries and focuses on the role of intuition, association, and creativity in research

Marginalized engineering students' narrative construction through photo elicitation

PurposeThe goal of this study is to explore an immediate step in understanding the lived experiences of under-represented students through metaphor construction and possibly collect more in-depth data through photograph-based interviews.Design/Methodology/ApproachThis article introduced photo-elicitation based narrative interviews as a qualitative methodology while interviewing fourteen undergraduate community college students mostly from underrepresented groups (URGs). At the beginning of each interview, the authors probed the participants with 8 photographs chosen by the research team to represent a diverse set of experiences in engineering. The authors conducted a thematic analysis of the interview data.FindingsThe findings suggested that the inclusion of photo-elicitation often catalyzed consumption of representations, images, metaphors, and voice to stories passed unnoticed; and finally produces more detailed descriptions and complements semi-structured narrative interviews.Research Limitations/ImplicationsThis study advances the scholarship that extends photograph driven interviews/photo elicitation methodology while interviewing marginalized population and offers a roadmap for what a multi-modal, arts-based analysis process might look like for in-depth interviews.Practical ImplicationsThe use of photo-elicitation in our research enabled a deeper, more poignant exploration of the URG students' experience of navigating engineering. The participants were able to relate to the photographs and shared their life narratives through them; hence, use of photographs can be adapted in future research.Social ImplicationsOur research revealed that PEI has excellent potential to capture marginalized narratives of URGs, which is not well explored in educational research, specially, in higher education. In our research, PEI promoted more culturally inclusive approaches positioning the participants as experts of their own narratives.Originality/ValueThe study presented in this paper serves as an example of qualitative research that expands methodological boundaries and centers the role of power, marginalization, and creativity in research. This work serves as a unique and important contribution to the photo-elicitation literature, offering a critical roadmap for researchers who are drawn to photo elicitation/photograph driven interviews as a method to explore their inquiry.

Coming Closer to Citizens? Frustrated Dialogue on the Danish Health Authority's Facebook Page During COVID-19

As the COVID-19 pandemic began, health authorities rushed to use social media to communicate information and persuade citizens to follow guidelines. Yet a desire to “come closer to citizens” often came into conflict with the very consequences of doing so—many social media interactions were characterized by complaint, resistance, trolling or misinformation. This paper presents a case study of the Danish Health Authority's (DHA) Facebook page, focusing on the initial phase of the pandemic and on posts about face masks. Face masks were chosen as an exemplar of the many topics where scientific research was being communicated as it unfolded, and where relations between science, policy, and politics were also evolving in public. In other words, topics where what should be communicated and why was unclear and unstable. A qualitative thematic analysis of the DHA Facebook page, grounded in the practice-based knowledge of one of the authors and feedback meetings with DHA staff, unpicks what kinds of engagements between authority and citizens occurred, both explicitly and implicitly. The analysis particularly looks for dialogue—as a mode of communication implicitly promised by social media platforms, and as a well-established ingredient of trust in relationships between experts and citizens. Drawing on Grudin's definition of dialogue as “reciprocal and strange,” we argue that the DHA's Facebook policy limited such encounters, in part by practical necessity, and in part due to professional constraints on the ability to discuss entanglements between health guidelines and politics. But we also identify “strangeness” in the apparent disconnect between individual engagements and collective responses; and “reciprocity” in the sharing of affect and alternative forms of expertise. We also highlight the invisible majority of silent engagements with DHA information on the Facebook page, and ask whether the visibly frustrated dialogue that ran alongside was a price worth paying for this informational exchange. The paper also serves as an example of qualitative research situated within ongoing practice, and as such we argue for the virtue of these more local, processual forms of evidence-based science communication.

GAYA BAHASA KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH DALAM CERAMAH SYEKH SULAIMAN BIN SALIMULLAH AR RUHAILY

The purpose of this research is to broaden the understanding of the study of language analysis used in da'wah communication, to provide an overview and knowledge of forms of da'wah communication language that can be applied in everyday life and can be used as an example of qualitative research, especially content analysis. This study uses a content analysis method with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique is done by content analysis. The results showed that the form of da'wah communication style in terms of the End aspect in the lectures delivered by Syekh Sulaiman bin Salimullah Ar Ruhaily found as many as 26 utterances. The form of da'wah communication style in terms of the Act Sequences aspect was found to be 44 utterances. The form of da'wah communication style in terms of genre aspects was found as many as 29 utterances

Numbers and narratives: how qualitative methods can strengthen the science of paediatric antimicrobial stewardship.

Antimicrobial and diagnostic stewardship initiatives have become increasingly important in paediatric settings. The value of qualitative approaches to conduct stewardship work in paediatric patients is being increasingly recognized. This article seeks to provide an introduction to basic elements of qualitative study designs and provide an overview of how these methods have successfully been applied to both antimicrobial and diagnostic stewardship work in paediatric patients. A multidisciplinary team of experts in paediatric infectious diseases, paediatric critical care and qualitative methods has written a perspective piece introducing readers to qualitative stewardship work in children, intended as an overview to highlight the importance of such methods and as a starting point for further work. We describe key differences between qualitative and quantitative methods, and the potential benefits of qualitative approaches. We present examples of qualitative research in five discrete topic areas of high relevance for paediatric stewardship work: provider attitudes; provider prescribing behaviours; stewardship in low-resource settings; parents’ perspectives on stewardship; and stewardship work focusing on select high-risk patients. Finally, we explore the opportunities for multidisciplinary academic collaboration, incorporation of innovative scientific disciplines and young investigator growth through the use of qualitative research in paediatric stewardship. Qualitative approaches can bring rich insights and critically needed new information to antimicrobial and diagnostic stewardship efforts in children. Such methods are an important tool in the armamentarium against worsening antimicrobial resistance, and a major opportunity for investigators interested in moving the needle forward for stewardship in paediatric patients.

Fusion of horizons: Realizing a meaningful understanding in qualitative research

This paper explores a case example of qualitative research that applied productive hermeneutics and the central concept, fusion of horizons. Interpretation of meaning is a fusing of the researchers’ and subjects’ perspectives and serves to expand understanding. The purpose is to illustrate an exemplar of qualitative research without establishing a rigid recipe of methodology. The illustration is based on in-depth observational and textual data from an applied anthropological study conducted in western Alaska with Yup’ik hunters and fishers and government agency employees as they worked towards collaborative management. The metaphor of the hermeneutical circle is showcased to help the reader understand the philosophical underpinnings and the analytical processes used to realize a meaningful interpretation. A series of organizing systems for the interpretation is described, culminating in a final organizing system to communicate a fully realized understanding of collaborative management at the time.

Career Building by Bachelor’s Degree Holders (An Example of Qualitative Research)

The objectives of the article are as follows: to determine the main categories of the bachelor’s life world related to career; the mechanisms for solving career problems and coping with difficulties; based on the collected material, try to reveal the ways of constructing a career as a whole. The research was carried out in the logic of qualitative methodology based on the phenomenological tradition and the concept of the life world of A. Schutz. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 43 people aged 23 to 25 years living in Krasnodar, who had completed their bachelor’s degree 1–2 years before the interview. The sample was formed in such a way that it included representatives of the main career options after completing a bachelor’s degree; the sample included men and women, representatives of natural science and socio-­humanitarian specialties. The concepts and techniques of grounded theory were used in sampling and data analysis. The categories of the graduates’ life world are identified, revealing their attitude to the specialty and earnings, training in the master’s program, options for internal position (passion for the profession, labour market pragmatism, expectation, personal development), mechanisms for solving career problems (relying on the experience of project activity during education; interdisciplinary competence, the ability to discover in their hobbies, interests, desires such aspects that are match the new life circumstances; mobilization of internal and external resources; synergistic goal-setting; continuity and expansion of plans; orientation to large-­scale goals), ways of temporal career organization (evolution, “snowball”, projecting). The clarity of awareness and the different combinations of the identified categories determine the individual career. Prospects for further research: assessment of the status and subjective performance of a graduate’s career, depending on the content of the identified psychological components; development of vocational guidance programs.

Structuring arts-based analysis in portraiture research

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an innovative arts-based analysis process within the framework of portraiture methodology. The paper provides an example of how to incorporate multi-modal forms of analysis within the portraiture framework and offers a fluid, qualitative “recipe” for researchers interested in using portraiture methodology.Design/methodology/approachThe study described in this paper explores vulnerability and resilience in teaching, using poetry and visual art as integrated elements of the portraiture process. Portraiture is a qualitative, feminist, artistic methodology that draws from ethnography and phenomenology to describe, understand and interpret complex human experiences.FindingsThis research resulted in the methodological development of three stages of analysis within the portraiture process: drafting vignettes, poetic expression and artistic expression. These stages of data analysis highlight the methodological richness of portraiture and center the researcher’s engagement in creative, intuitive and associative processes.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to existing scholarship that extends portraiture methodology by including additional aesthetic elements and offers a roadmap for what a multi-modal, arts-based analysis process might look like within the portraiture framework.Originality/valueThe study presented in this paper serves as an example of qualitative research that expands methodological boundaries and centers the role of intuition, association and creativity in research. This work serves as a unique and important contribution to the portraiture literature, offering a provocative roadmap for researchers who are drawn to portraiture as an appropriate methodology to explore their inquiry.

SOME CHALLENGES IN CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARATIVE RESEARCH

The paper examines the application of qualitative methods in comparative research in a recent international project Industrial Relations in Multilingual Environments at Work (IR MultiLing) which explored how the use of languages other than a dominant language may affect labour relations in various work situations in Europe. The novelty of the current research covered in this paper lies in the fact that it investigates some challenges in developing the best ways of creating an analytical framework when conducting cross-cultural research involving multinational teams of researchers from France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. It also analyses approaches in completing an effective comparison of the contexts and findings across various cultures. Although, there are many examples of qualitative research in literature, this paper aims at exploring some credible approaches in conducting cross-cultural research by international teams of scholars at several key stages: desk research and contextualisation, identifying clear parameters for fieldwork, systematising and comparing findings of the research. The purpose of this research is to provide guidance and some tools to researchers engaged in cross-cultural comparative research using qualitative methods.

The Social and Emotional Impact of Involving Individuals With Mental Illness in the Research Process.

There is a need to involve individuals with a lived experience in health and medical research. Some organizations have developed mechanisms to seek the input of people with a lived experience. However, there are few examples of qualitative research into the impacts of participation. In this study, we investigate the social and emotional impact of participation on individuals, as well as the perceived impact on the organization, in an advisory panel at an Australian mental health research institute. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 50% of the participants on the panel to understand how they conceptualized their involvement. Participants became invested in the organization and their role within it, and found it personally valuable to access diverse perspectives and discuss mental health outside a treatment context. These findings suggest that participating in the research process is beneficial to individuals with a lived experience of mental illness.

Um estudo lapidar sobre mídia e Educação

To those who wish to know a rigorous example of qualitative research on the Media-Education interface, we recommend that you read this book. In fact, with the basic question of knowing how a group of students respond to television reports, the author produces an almost perfect research work. The work itself represents an exquisite report, focusing on unveiling the presence - major or minor - of television news, with students from a school in the state of Parana.

What Value Can Qualitative Research Add to Quantitative Research Design? An Example From an Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial Feasibility Study.

Using an example of qualitative research embedded in a non-surgical feasibility trial, we explore the benefits of including qualitative research in trial design and reflect on epistemological challenges. We interviewed 18 trial participants and used methods of Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Our findings demonstrate that qualitative research can make a valuable contribution by allowing trial stakeholders to see things from alternative perspectives. Specifically, it can help to make specific recommendations for improved trial design, generate questions which contextualize findings, and also explore disease experience beyond the trial. To make the most out of qualitative research embedded in quantitative design it would be useful to (a) agree specific qualitative study aims that underpin research design, (b) understand the impact of differences in epistemological truth claims, (c) provide clear thematic interpretations for trial researchers to utilize, and (d) include qualitative findings that explore experience beyond the trial setting within the impact plan.

Set Diagrams and Qualitative Research

Political scientists have developed important new ideas for using spatial diagrams to enhance quantitative research. Yet the potential uses of diagrams for qualitative research have not been explored systematically. We begin to correct this omission by showing how set diagrams can facilitate the application of qualitative methods and improve the presentation of qualitative findings. Set diagrams can be used in conjunction with a wide range of qualitative methodologies, including process tracing, concept formation, counterfactual analysis, sequence elaboration, and qualitative comparative analysis. We illustrate the utility of set diagrams by drawing on substantive examples of qualitative research in the fields of international relations and comparative politics.

Evaluation of online accessed systems: example of qualitative research of Fast Addresses of GeaBios System

ABSTRACTAn efficient online information service user interface enables independent use of these online. Designers of the GeaBios Internet information system intended to evaluate the user-friendliness of their service »Fast adresses« (»Hitri naslovi«). In December 2003, as a research project for a graduation thesis, an evaluation of »Fast adresses« was conducted. The study consisted of 10 study participants performing assigned tasks and a survey of the same individuals. During the study research questions were developed as well as list of tasks to be assigned to the participants for the observations. Each observation was performed using a qualitative research paradigm. This paradigm was enhanced with an adaptation of Shneiderman’s (1998) questionnaire. Identified difficulties participants had in using »Fast adresses« fell into four types: (1) formulation of queries, (2) display of results, (3) the influence of the operating system, Windows, and, (4) the color and design of the display background and elements of the Web page. Results indicate that the difficulties encountered were not limited to the inappropriate design of the user interface, but also are attributable to user error.

Good and bad examples of qualitative research

Good and bad examples of qualitative research. Not all the research papers are of good quality and contribute to the development of the knowledge. Good and less good examples of qualitative research are presented and commented on, exploring their contribution to the knowledge of a subject, and motivating why the research can be considered a good or less good example.

Visitor interactions with hotel employees: the role of nationality

PurposeThis paper aims to report the results of a study into visitor evaluations of interactions with hotel employees in Mauritius. Given that the island's core tourism product is based on luxury resorts, tourist‐hotel employee interactions possess a potential for determining satisfactory or unsatisfactory holiday evaluations on the part of visitors.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 103 visitors is interviewed using a semi‐structured guide comprising open‐ended questions. This approach reflects the lived experiences of guests and helps to better assess the role played by nationality when reporting visitor‐staff interactions. Data are analyzed using both thematic analysis and textual analysis software.FindingsNationality, ethnicity and languages spoken are found to be factors that determine differences in requirements from hotel staff on the part of tourists. Nationality is the strongest discriminator of these requirements.Research limitations/implicationsAs with many examples of qualitative research, the findings are time and place specific. Yet nonetheless, the concepts of personal construct theory permit some generalization.Practical implicationsResort complex staff and management need to note the differences required by guests of different national groupings, and to appreciate that less than warm responses by some clients are not indicative of dissatisfaction.Originality/valueThe paper distinguishes between guests not only on the basis of nationality and ethnicity, but also languages spoken. No similar study relating to resort complexes in Mauritius has been identified. The study also uses two modes of textual data analysis to support the interpretation offered.

Doing qualitative research in dentistry and dental education

The purpose of this paper is to assist dental researchers to develop their expertise in qualitative research. It sketches the key characteristics of qualitative research; summarises theoretical perspectives; outlines the core skills of qualitative data collection and the procedures which underlie three methods of qualitative research: interviewing, focus groups and concept maps. The paper offers some guidance on writing qualitative research and provides examples of qualitative research drawn from dentistry and dental education.

Caregiving of aged people, either professional job or acquiring merit in God's sight: An example of qualitative research

Nowadays because of lots of reasons, lifespan is increasing and caregiving of aged people becomes more and more important. Today it is understood how the professional care of aged people is significant, instead of being carried out by volunteers. Because of this, in this study we aimed to understand the problems, and thoughts of aging of caregivers who are working in nursing homes. This study was made using the so-called qualitative research, which is one of the research designs. Including general aim, interviews with 13 caregivers with structured questions, supported by spontaneous ones. Interviews were taped and transcribed verbatim. After that, they were grouped with the same themes. Thoughts are grouped with three main themes, which are about “aging”, “working life”, “caregiving of aged people”. Aged people are described like people who are dependent, need interest, and represent the wisdom period. Also caregiving is described like both good job and punishment. Besides, the reason of working as a caregiver, is the economic needs. The suggestions of caregivers are increasing payment, giving psychological and emotional support, and also improving physical conditions. Economic satisfaction of caregivers, giving psychological support, caregivers with aged people and improving physical conditions are important to increase the quality of professional caregiving.