SummaryThe thorough ophtalmological examination of 125 former syphilis cases has shown us the following.1. 16,8 % of the cases examined had specific ocular lesions (17 % of the men and 16,6 % of the women).2. In 7,2 % of the cases (12,7 % of the men and 3,8 % of the women) an ocular lesion existed at the beginning of their treatment. These lesions were found cicatrised or fixed, in 66,6 % of the men and 100 % of the women. for the whole of the group in 77,7 % of the cases (group 1).3. Amongst patients with a visceral specific localization 18,2 % (25 % men and 14,2 % women) showed an ocular lesion (group 2).4. 8,3 % men and 20,8 % women (16,6 % of the whole) where the serology had heen long or impossible to negative or where the thorough examination of other organs had been negative (group 3) had an ocular lesion.5. 4,2 % only of latent secondary syphilis cases found negative and considered as cured (group 4) had ocular lesions already cicatrised.The ocular examination has a primary importance in all the s...