Exact Analysis Research Articles

Factors Affecting Traffic Noise and Annoyance from Different Types of Roads: A Case Study in Nakorn Pathom Province, Thailand

This study investigated factors associated with road traffic noise and residents’ annoyance from three distinct types of roads (major arterial, minor arterial, and collector roads). Nine sampling locations in Thailand’s Nakorn Pathom Province were chosen for the measurement of noise levels and three contributing characteristics: traffic volume, vehicle speed, and the proportion of heavy to total vehicles. Along with a housing survey, face to face interviews with a total of 387 roadside dwellers recorded their sociodemographic data, activity-based locations, and noise impacts experienced. A statistical analysis based on Spearman correlation revealed a positive relationship between traffic volume and traffic noise level on major arterial (r=0.607) and collector roads (r=0.885). Residents around collector roads were more sensitive than those along the main arterial road, in spite of having lower noise levels and less intense traffic patterns. Longer housing setbacks appeared to be a key factor in reducing noise annoyance from all road types, according to an exact logistic regression analysis (OR=0.11, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.73 for the major arterial road; OR=0.29, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.78 for the minor arterial road; and OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.84 for collector roads). However, performing activities in closed areas (OR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.17 for the minor arterial road; OR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.90 for collector roads) and living in soundproof structures (OR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.31 for collector roads) played additional roles to reduce the annoyance of residents along the roads with shorter setback lines.

Parametric analysis of solar-assisted trigeneration system based on energy and exergy analyses

Rapid deterioration of environment has led researchers to explore feasible forms of energy which could produce multiple energy forms with minimum inputs. Hence, in this study a nov-el trigeneration setup is explored so as to achieve simultaneous forms of energy in the form of electrical energy, heating and cooling, driving its primary energy requirements through a solar power tower. Molten salt is used in this study to transfer the heat from the solar component to the vapor absorption apparatus. Further the vapor absorption system is tested for thermody-namic performance for a couple of refrigerants (LiNO3-H2O and LiBr-H2O), so as to establish the Pareto-optimal fluid among them. In order to remove any adherent error in the measuring procedure, all equipment’s uncertainty analysis was performed which was negligibly small approximately at 5.34 % in terms of power plant efficiencies. An exact analysis was performed so as to estimate energy and exergy in efficiencies in the equipment while varying input pa-rameters. Zenith exergy destruction was achieved in 33.6% by the central receiver, followed by 24.9% by heliostat, and 7.8% in heat recovery steam generator. The highest energy and exergy efficiencies (62.6% and 20.6%) are attained on system working on LiBr-H2O, whereas (60.9% and 19.6%) were obtained in LiNO3-H2O operated system.

Analysis of the confirmation time in proof-of-work blockchains

In blockchain networks driven by Proof of Work, clients spend a certain amount of cryptocurrency (called fees) to control the speed of confirmation of the transactions that they generate. In fact, transactions are confirmed according to a strong priority policy that favors those offering the highest fees. The problem of determining the optimal fee to offer to satisfy certain delay requirements is still widely open and, at the state of the art, mainly reactive methods based on historical data are available. In this work, we propose a queueing model based on the exact transient analysis of a M/MB/1 system to address this problem. The model takes into account (i) the state of the Mempool (the backlog of pending work) when the transaction is generated, (ii) the current transaction arrival intensity and (iii) the distribution of the fees offered by other transactions to the miners. We apply the model to study the performance of the Bitcoin blockchain. Its parameterization is based on an extensive statistical analysis of the transaction characteristics. To this aim, we collected data from over 1.5 million of pending transactions observed in the Mempool of our Bitcoin node. The outcome of our analysis allows us to provide an algorithm to quickly compute the expected transaction confirmation time given the blockchain state, and to highlight new insights on the relations between the transaction fees and confirmation time in BTC blockchain.

FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE LAMINATED PLATES USING HOST 12

This paper presents an application of a Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HOST 12) to problemof free vibration of simply supported symmetric and antisymmetric angle-ply composite laminated plates.The theoretical model HOST12 presented incorporates laminate deformations which account for the effectsof transverse shear deformation, transverse normal strain/stress and a nonlinear variation of in-planedisplacements with respect to the thickness coordinate – thus modeling the warping of transverse crosssections more accurately and eliminating the need for shear correction coefficients. Solutions are obtained inclosed-form using Navier’s technique by solving the eigenvalue equation. Plates with varying number oflayers, degrees of anisotropy and slenderness ratios are considered for analysis. The results compared withthose from exact analysis and various theories from references

Genome-Wide Signal Selection Analysis Revealing Genes Potentially Related to Sheep-Milk-Production Traits.

Natural selection and domestication have shaped modern sheep populations into a vast range of phenotypically diverse breeds. Among these breeds, dairy sheep have a smaller population than meat sheep and wool sheep, and less research is performed on them, but the lactation mechanism in dairy sheep is critically important for improving animal-production methods. In this study, whole-genome sequences were generated from 10 sheep breeds, including 57 high-milk-yield sheep and 44 low-milk-yield sheep, to investigate the genetic signatures of milk production in dairy sheep, and 59,864,820 valid SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) were kept after quality control to perform population-genetic-structure analyses, gene-detection analyses, and gene-function-validation analyses. For the population-genetic-structure analyses, we carried out PCA (Principal Component Analysis), as well as neighbor-joining tree and structure analyses to classify different sheep populations. The sheep used in our study were well distributed in ten groups, with the high-milk-yield-group populations close to each other and the low-milk-yield-group populations showing similar classifications. To perform an exact signal-selection analysis, we used three different methods to find SNPs to perform gene-annotation analyses within the 995 common regions derived from the fixation index (FST), nucleotide diversity (Ɵπ), and heterozygosity rate (ZHp) results. In total, we found 553 genes that were located in these regions. These genes mainly participate in the protein-binding pathway and the nucleoplasm-interaction pathway, as revealed by the GO- and KEGG-function-enrichment analyses. After the gene selection and function analyses, we found that FCGR3A, CTSK, CTSS, ARNT, GHR, SLC29A4, ROR1, and TNRC18 were potentially related to sheep-milk-production traits. We chose the strongly selected genes, FCGR3A, CTSK, CTSS, and ARNT during the signal-selection analysis to perform a RT-qPCR (Reale time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) experiment to validate their expression-level relationship with milk production, and the results showed that FCGR3A has a significant negative relationship with sheep-milk production, while other three genes did not show any positive or negative relations. In this study, it was discovered and proven that the candidate gene FCGR3A potentially contributes to the milk production of dairy sheep and a basis was laid for the further study of the genetic mechanism underlying the strong milk-production traits of sheep.

Mechanical indications for inflatable penile prosthesis revision: analysis and implications for revision surgery.

Despite technical advancements, inflatable penile prostheses (IPPs) are inherently at risk of mechanical failure given their nature as hydraulic devices. To characterize IPP component failure location at the time of device revision and stratify by manufacturer: American Medical Systems (Boston Scientific [BSCI]) and Coloplast (CP). A retrospective review of penile prosthesis cases from July 2007 to May 2022 was conducted, identifying men who underwent revision surgery. Cases were excluded if documentation did not denote the cause of failure or the manufacturer. Mechanical indications for surgery were categorized by location (eg, tubing, cylinder, or reservoir leak; pump malfunction). Nonmechanical revisions were excluded (component herniation, erosion, or crossover). Categorical variables were assessed with Fisher exact or chi-square analysis; Student t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for continuous variables. Primary outcomes included specific location of IPP mechanical failure among BSCI and CP devices and time to mechanical failure. We identified 276 revision procedures, 68 of which met inclusion criteria (46 BSCI and 22 CP). Revised CP devices were longer than BSCI devices (median cylinder length, 20vs 18cm; P < .001). Log-rank analysis revealed a similar time to mechanical failure between brands (P = .096). CP devices failed most often due to tubing fracture (19/22, 83%). BSCI devices had no predominant site of failure. Between manufacturers, tubing failure was more common in CP devices (19/22 vs 15/46 for BSCI, P < .001), while cylinder failure was more common among BSCI devices (10/46 vs 0/22 for CP, P = .026). The distribution of mechanical failure is significantly different between BSCI and CP devices; this has implications regarding the approach to revision surgery. This is the first study to directly compare when and where mechanical failure occurs in IPPs and to compare the 2 main manufacturers head-to-head. This study would be strengthened by being repeated in a multi-institutional fashion to provide more robust and objective evaluation. CP devices commonly failed at the tubing and rarely elsewhere, while BSCI devices showed no predominant failure site; these findings may inform decision making regarding revision surgery.

Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections occurring early after transplantation are risk factors for antibody-mediated rejection in heart transplant recipients.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a serious complication affecting the survival of patients receiving transplantation. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are common viral infections that occur after transplantation, frequently emerging as viral reactivation in donor grafts or transplant recipients. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CMV and EBV infections and early-onset AMR. This study was conducted at the Heart Transplantation Center of Padova General Hospital and included a cohort of 47 heart transplant recipients (HTxs), including 24 HTxs diagnosed with AMR and 23 control HTxs with no episodes of AMR. Only early cases of CMV and/or EBV infections (1-90 days after transplantation) were considered. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis were used to statistically analyze the correlation and association between AMR and CMV or EBV infection. We observed a positive statistical association between CMV and EBV infections (two-sided Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0136) and between EBV infection and AMR (two-sided Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0034). Logistic regression analysis revealed a direct statistical association between CMV and EBV infections and AMR risk (p = 0.037 and 0.006 and odds ratio = 1.72 and 2.19, respectively). AMR occurrence was associated with increased viral loads of both CMV and EBV early after transplantation. These findings suggest the role of CMV and EBV infections as relevant risk factors for AMR in HTxs for the first time.

Closed-form dynamic stiffness formulations for exact modal analysis of membranes in polar coordinates

Exact dynamic stiffness (DS) formulations for free vibration of membranes and their assemblies in polar coordinates are presented in this paper. First, the exact general solutions of the governing differential equations of membranes in polar coordinates are derived, in the form of Bessel functions. Then, by substituting the general solutions into the displacement and force boundary conditions (BCs), the frequency-dependent elemental DS matrices of various shaped membranes are developed. Finally, assembling the elemental stiffness matrices and applying BCs leads to the final DS matrix. By utilizing the Wittrick–Williams (W–W) algorithm, the natural frequencies and mode shapes are computed. The difficult problem in applying the W–W algorithm, the so called j0 count, is resolved by determining the zeros of Bessel equation and applying an indirect method. The proposed method is applied to representative examples of individual membranes and their assemblies under arbitrary BCs. The efficiency and accuracy of the dynamic stiffness method (DSM) are demonstrated by comparing results by the DSM with those by the finite element method (FEM). The proposed method can serve as an exact but efficient tool for modal analysis of membranes in structural dynamics as well as fluid–structure interaction problems.

Exact rate analysis for quantum repeaters with imperfect memories and entanglement swapping as soon as possible

Exact rate analysis for quantum repeaters with imperfect memories and entanglement swapping as soon as possible

Utility of Repetitive Nerve Stimulation in the Diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis in the Inpatient Setting.

Sensitivity and specificity of Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (RNS) is typically reported from outpatient centers, and we hypothesized that these values might not apply to hospitalized patients with higher grades of weakness. RNS may be helpful in rapidly confirming diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG) in the inpatient setting, as results from confirmatory antibody testing are often delayed. We sought to characterize the sensitivity and specificity of RNS in the inpatient setting to assist in the early diagnosis of MG. We performed a retrospective analysis of all adult patients who had inpatient RNS at our center from 2016 to 2021. Inclusion criteria included RNS performed at least at one site and a neurological evaluation which prompted an electrodiagnostic study to evaluate for neuromuscular junction (NMJ) pathology. Descriptive statistics and Fisher exact analysis were performed. Of the 32 identified hospitalized patients, 6 had greater than 10% decrement on slow RNS, confirming NMJ dysfunction. Five were diagnosed with MG, and 1 with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Of the 26 patients with normal RNS, 25 ultimately had alternative causes of weakness. One was later diagnosed as seronegative MG based on clinical improvement with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. In our inpatient population, the overall sensitivity and specificity of RNS were 83.3% and 96.2% respectively. There was a statistically significant association between a positive RNS and diagnosis of MG (P = .0002). RNS is a highly sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of MG in an inpatient setting, and these results are likely more rapidly available compared to antibody testing.

Boundary layer formations over a stretchable heated cylinder in a viscoelastic fluid with partial slip and viscous dissipation effects

An exact similarity solution is worked out for fluid motion in the vicinity of a cylindrical surface in an electrically conducting viscoelastic fluid obeying the Jeffrey model. Cylindrical surface expands axially with linear velocity and has a prescribed surface temperature. The present analysis focuses on the partial slip assumption which gives rise to a nonlinear case Robin-type (mixed) boundary condition in axial velocity. In contrast to a previously published study (J. Mech., vol 31, pp. 69–78, 2015) which only reported local similarity solutions in no-slip case, the present work provides an exact similarity analysis by defining a quadratic surface temperature. The effects of the magnetic field and Joule heating on the momentum and thermal transport phenomena are also scrutinized. A numerical routine is used to solve the equation accurately for a wide range of fluid parameters, including ranges that could not be handled by previous approximate analytical methods that were limited to the no-slip limit. The influences of viscoelasticity and partial slip on the flow behavior are investigated, and the coefficient of skin friction for a Jeffrey fluid is calculated. Obtained results are consistent with the previously published works under special situations. The case of flat surface, which can be obtained as a limiting case of the model, is not even explored in the past.

Hodograph transformation, various exact solutions and dynamical analysis for the complex Wadati–Konno–Ichikawa-II equation

This paper is devoted to studying the second type of complete integrable complex Wadati–Konno–Ichikawa-II (cWKI-II) equation. We first study the conservation laws and construct the hodograph transformation for this equation. Based on the resulting transformation, we construct a new two-component associated cWKI-II equation, which is completely equivalent to the cWKI-II equation. Based on the corresponding Lax pair for this new associated equation, we construct its N-fold Darboux transformation and generalized (m,N−m)-fold Darboux transformation. Then, the associated Bäcklund transformation is used to give various exact solutions, such as smooth soliton, bursting soliton, singular-loop soliton, position controllable semi-rational soliton, breather and rogue wave solutions. The soliton structures along with dynamical evolution behaviors are discussed and shown graphically. Moreover, we investigate some important physical quantities of some soliton solutions such as amplitude, wave number, wave width, velocity, energy and phase by using the asymptotic analysis technique. Finally, we also summarize the formation reasons for some singular structures under some parameter constraints.

Exact conditions for quasi-normal modes of extremal M5-branes and exact WKB analysis

We study the quasi-normal modes (QNMs) of a massless scalar perturbation to the extremal M5-branes metric by using the exact WKB analysis. The exact WKB analysis provides two exact QNMs conditions depending on the argument of the complex frequency of the perturbation. The exact conditions show that the discontinuity of the perturbative part of the QNMs leads the non-perturbative part of themselves. We also find a new example of the Seiberg-Witten/gravity correspondence, which helps us to compute the QNMs from our conditions.

Resonating Valence Bond States in an Electron-Phonon System.

We study a simple electron-phonon model on square and triangular versions of the Lieb lattice using an asymptotically exact strong coupling analysis. At zero temperature and electron density n=1 (one electron per unit cell), for various ranges of parameters in the model, we exploit a mapping to the quantum dimer model to establish the existence of a spin-liquid phase with Z_{2} topological order (on the triangular lattice) and a multicritical line corresponding to a quantum critical spin liquid (on the square lattice). In the remaining part of the phase diagram, we find a host of charge-density-wave phases (valence-bond solids), a conventional s-wave superconducting phase, and with the addition of a small Hubbard U to tip the balance, a phonon-induced d-wave superconducting phase. Under a special condition, we find a hidden pseudospin SU(2) symmetry that implies an exact constraint on the superconducting order parameters.

Comparison of Voice Therapy Outcomes: Clinic vs Telehealth

Voice therapy provides patients with valuable exercises and techniques to optimize vocal behaviors and improve their ability to communicate effectively and efficiently. These sessions were typically held by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in clinic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, SLPs were provisionally able to provide billable voice therapy services in telehealth format. There is a lack of existing research studies comparing outcomes based on the format of voice therapy. A retrospective chart review was performed on 101 patients who underwent voice therapy at a large academic institution in order to compare outcomes between clinic, telehealth, and mixed voice therapy formats. Demographics, dysphonia etiology, duration of symptoms, number of therapy sessions, and pre- and postvoice therapy scores using reflux symptom index (RSI), voice handicap index (VHI-10), consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice (CAPE-V), and Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) scoring were collected. Statistical comparisons were performed using Fisher's exact test and analysis of covariance. There were no statistically significant differences in pre- to postvoice therapy RSI, VHI-10, CAPE-V, or GRBAS scores based on format of voice therapy, after adjustment for number of therapy sessions received. There were no differences in these outcomes when comparing voice therapy by etiology of dysphonia. Overall, these data support the effectiveness of the telehealth voice therapy format. It is a promising platform for greater patient access to therapy. All formats of voice therapy were effective in improving key measures of voice perception.

Glycemic Control Effect on Acid-Fast Bacteria Conversion in Diabetic Patients with Tuberculosis

Background Diabetic people have a 2-3 times higher risk of tuberculosis than non-diabetic people. Immunocompromised conditions due to diabetes increase the risk of therapeutic failure and delayed sputum conversion, which may cause by poor glycemic control. This study was conducted to determine the glycemic control effect on AFB conversion in diabetic patients with tuberculosis. Methods A cross-sectional study has been conducted on 100 diabetic patients with the new emergence of pulmonary tuberculosis. All patients were in intensive phase treatment of tuberculosis for two months at Bhayangkara R. Said Sukanto's Hospital. Data collected from medical records were random blood glucose level, percentage of random blood glucose decrement, HbA1C, and the microscopic AFB sputum smear. Fisher exact test analysis was conducted to determine the effect of random blood glucose level, percentage of blood glucose decrement and HbA1C to AFB smear results using SPSS V25.0 software for Windows with a significance level of 0.05. Results The analysis between glycemic control and AFB sputum smear conversion using random blood glucose, percentage of random blood glucose decrement and HbA1C showed a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant relationship (p&lt;0.05), so it showed that glycemic control affects AFB sputum smear conversion. Conclusions A significant relationship exists between glycemic control and AFB-negative conversion in patients with DM and TB. RBG showed the best sensitivity and specificity as a glycemic control parameter compared to others.

Simplified Analytical Methods for Prefabricated Concrete Wall Panel Building System with Alveolar-Type Joints

This paper presents a type of prefabricated concrete wall panel building system with novel flexible alveolar-type joints, which has the advantages of fast assembly and controllable quality. Seven alveolar-type joint specimens were designed and fabricated to investigate the influence of the axial compression ratio, the size of the joint (in the interface contact area), and the strength of the mortar on the joints’ performance. The shear–slip constitutive model of the alveolar-type joints was established on this basis. The accuracy of the constitutive model was verified by comparing two full-scale loading tests with the exact finite element analysis model of ABAQUS. A finite element model of a multi-story apartment building was established by using the aforementioned shear–slip constitutive model; thus, the simplified analysis method for the prefabricated concrete wall panel building structure with alveolar-type joints was proposed. It was concluded that increasing the axial compression ratio, mortar strength, and size of the joints could increase the shear-bearing capacity by different degrees and that the 50 mm depth joint could increase the capacity by 18.6%. The proposed shear–slip constitutive model simulated the interface mechanism well by comparing the test results. Furthermore, the simplified analytical methods of the integral structure were in good agreement with the FEA results.

Impacts of Caregiving on Health of New Spousal Caregivers to Older Adults in the United States: A Coarsened Exact Matching Analysis.

Spousal caregivers of older adults, especially new spousal caregivers, face increased risks of negative health outcomes due to the demands of caregiving and their own health decline. Estimating the impacts of caregiving on health without controlling for caregivers' own aging-related health decline could exaggerate the negative health consequences of caregiving, while focusing solely on caregivers could result in selection bias where healthier individuals enter and/or remain in caregiving. This study aims to estimate the impacts of caregiving on health of new spousal caregivers while controlling for observable confounders. We utilized coarsened exact matching analysis to compare health outcomes between new spousal caregivers and spousal non-caregivers using pooled panel data from 2006 to 2018 in the Health and Retirement Study. We analyzed 242,123 person-wave observations from 42,180 unique individuals, among whom 3,927 were new spousal caregivers. Variables used for matching were classified into three categories: care needs, willingness to provide care, and ability to provide care. Two-year outcomes assessed are spouse's self-rated health, depressive symptoms, and cognitive functioning. A total of 3,417 (87.01%) new spousal caregivers were matched with 129,798 observations of spousal non-caregivers. Regression analysis indicated being a new spousal caregiver was associated with a 0.18 (SE=0.05) unit increase in number of depressive symptoms. No statistically significant results were identified for self-rated health and cognitive functioning. Our results highlighted the needs to address mental health among new spousal caregivers and emphasized the importance of addressing mental health in long-term care programs and policies.

A non-newtonian fluid flow due to porous media with mass transfer and slip

The Casson viscous gas fluid flow with mass transpiration and radiation is demonstrated in this paper. A similarity transformation is utilized to interpret the representing construction of nonlinear PDEs by nonlinear ODEs. Then, using an exact analysis of the momentum equation, we constructed the dual solutions to the flow problem. This solution domain aids in the solution of the energy equation under the incomplete gamma function condition. The effect of radiation can also be seen in the heat equation. Physical parameters of interest, such as Brinkman number, porous media, thermal radiation number, induced slip, suction/injection and shear stress, are examined and graphically depicted. The gas slip velocity is used to simulate the slip flow model of the overall mass transfer on the moving sheet. Models of first- and second-order slip are introduced to induce the total mass transfer on the moving sheet. Additionally, the suction that causes the slip velocity rather than surface movement is investigated. The neighboring gases are forced to flow in the opposite direction of sheet movement by the mass suction-induced slip. As a result, the slip-induced suction and sheet movement cause the solution space to increase. The closed-form exact solutions are achieved for both the stretching and shrinking sheet cases. For stretched sheet instances, there is never a uniform solution. However, depending on the values of the Casson and wall mass transfer parameters, the solution in the case of the shrinking sheet may or may not exist, and if it does, it may or may not be unique or may have a dual nature. The research also demonstrates that stronger mass suction is required for a consistent flow of Casson fluid. The impacts of inverse Darcy number, induced slip parameter, Casson fluid and suction/injection on the flow and heat transfer properties of the fluid are examined under the influence of radiation, and the solution of each profile is shown in the form of figures along with the outcomes of the interface velocity and heat transfer rate at the surface.

P191 Efficacy and improvement in patient-reported outcomes at weeks 16 and 52 in ixekizumab treated biological naïve patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis achieving clinically important pain at night reduction at week 16: results from COAST-V trial

Abstract Background/Aims Ixekizumab (IXE), a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets interleukin IL-17A, has shown efficacy in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA). Spinal pain, in particular spinal pain at night (SP-N), is a major contributor to the patient burden of r-axSpA.To assess SP-N improvement in patients up to week (W) 52 and to determine the association of SP-N improvement in patients treated with IXE with other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at W16 and with reaching ASDAS LDA at W52. Methods The Phase III COAST-V (NCT02696785) trial investigated the efficacy of IXE in 341 patients with r-axSpA and were biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (bDMARD)-naïve. Patients were randomised to IXE every 2W (IXEQ2W), IXE every 4W (IXEQ4W), adalimumab (ADA) or placebo (PBO) up to W16. Only approved dose IXEQ4W data are presented here. SP-N was measured at each visit using a numeric rating scale (NRS) (0-10). A clinically relevant improvement in SP-N was defined as &amp;gt; 2 point improvement from baseline. Differences in baseline variables between those achieving versus not achieving &amp;gt;2 improvement in SP-N were tested using Fisher’s exact test (binary variables) and analysis of variance (ANOVA; continuous variables). Associations of SP-N improvement with PROs (BASFI, Fatigue Severity NRS, Jenkins Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (JSEQ), SF-36 PCS) at W16, and ASDAS LDA at W52 were tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA; continuous variables) and logistic regression (binary variables). Missing values were imputed using non-responder imputation (NRI), and modified baseline observation carried forward. Results A greater proportion of patients achieved &amp;gt;2 improvement in SP-N with IXE treatment compared to PBO at W16 (63.0% vs. 32.2%, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and improvement was sustained up to W52. Of the 81 patients originally randomised to IXE, those achieving &amp;gt;2 improvement in SP-N (63%) at W16 were younger, more frequently positive for HLA-B27 and had higher disease activity at baseline compared to those that did not achieve &amp;gt;2 improvement. Achieving &amp;gt;2 improvement in SP-N was associated with improvement in PROs including BASFI, Fatigue Severity, JSEQ and SF-36 PCS at W16 and with achieving ASDAS&amp;lt;2.1 at W52 compared to those not achieving &amp;gt;2 improvement in SP-N. Conclusion IXE improved SP-N for patients with r-axSpA not previously treated with bDMARDs. Improvements in SP-N were associated with improvements in disease activity, function, fatigue, and quality of life. Disclosure S. Ramiro: Consultancies; S. Ramiro has served as a speaker and/or consultant for: AbbVie, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and UCB Pharma. Grants/research support; S. Ramiro has received grant and/or research support from: AbbVie, Galapagos NV, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB Pharma. C. Lukas: Consultancies; C. Lukas has served as a speaker and/or consultant for: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly and Company, Galapagos NV, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche. Grants/research support; C. Lukas has received grant and/or research support from: Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche. M. Nissen: Consultancies; M. J. Nissen has served as a speaker and/or consultant for: AbbVie, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer. Y. Schymura: Shareholder/stock ownership; Y. Schymura is a shareholder and employee of: Eli Lilly and Company. K. Ng: Shareholder/stock ownership; K. Ng is a shareholder and employee of: Eli Lilly and Company. A. Bradley: Shareholder/stock ownership; A. Bradley was an employee of: Eli Lilly and Company at the time of the study. G. Doridot: Shareholder/stock ownership; G. Doridot is a shareholder and employee of: Eli Lilly and Company. S. Liu-Leage: Shareholder/stock ownership; S. Liu-Leage is a shareholder and employee of: Eli Lilly and Company. A. Chan: Consultancies; A. Chan has served as a speaker and/or consultant for: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Novartis, and UCB Pharma. C. Wei: Grants/research support; J. C.-C. Wei has received consulting fees and/or grant and/or research support from: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, TSH Biopharm, and UCB Pharma.