Under the conditions of information asymmetry and limited rationality, with the help of the theory of evolutionary economics, an evolutionary game-based mode for selection of innovation pattern in enterprises under government subsidy mechanism is constructed to study the problem of selecting innovation pattern in enterprises under the influence of government policy, and the evolutionary equilibrium strategy of the mode when different parameters change is simulated with MATLAB software. The results indicate that government subsidy, open innovation cost and open innovation revenue are the relational factors affecting the evolutionary game system among enterprises. Therefore, increasing government subsidies for open innovation modes, reducing subsidies for closed innovation, lowering the cost of open innovation and increasing the benefits of open innovation can help guide enterprises to evolve towards open innovation modes.